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Alessio Ilari
Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy

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Journal article
Published: 30 May 2021 in Sustainability
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Ghana is an important cocoa producer and exporter and this production is of high economic importance. Increasing interest in the sustainable productions of cocoa/chocolate necessitated the need to assess the environmental impacts associated with the production of different chocolate variants (extra dark (EDC), dark (DC), milk (MC) and flavoured milk (FMC) in Ghana, including the identification of environmental hotspots for improvement. The life cycle assessment tool was used following the CML_IA and CED impact assessment methods. EDC had the lowest scores for most of the impact categories while FMC was most impactful. For Global Warming Potential (GWP), EDC and FMC were estimated to be 1.61 kg CO2 eq. and 4.21 kg CO2 eq., respectively. CED ranged from 1.44 × 102 to 1.50 × 102 MJ-eq. Chocolate manufacturing phase was generally more impactful than cocoa cultivation due to high emissions from milk and sugar production. The impact scores for 100 g packaged chocolate bar were the lowest in comparison to 300 g chocolate pouches and 12.5 g packaged chocolate strips. GWP for 100 g and 12.5 g were 0.20 kg CO2 eq. and 0.39 kg CO2 eq., respectively. Comparing different destination points for the manufactured chocolate, impact scores for the international destination were similar to those recorded for local destinations. Improvement options are suggested for all phases to ensure more sustainable chocolate production and distribution.

ACS Style

Kofi Boakye-Yiadom; Daniele Duca; Ester Foppa Pedretti; Alessio Ilari. Environmental Performance of Chocolate Produced in Ghana Using Life Cycle Assessment. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6155 .

AMA Style

Kofi Boakye-Yiadom, Daniele Duca, Ester Foppa Pedretti, Alessio Ilari. Environmental Performance of Chocolate Produced in Ghana Using Life Cycle Assessment. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (11):6155.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kofi Boakye-Yiadom; Daniele Duca; Ester Foppa Pedretti; Alessio Ilari. 2021. "Environmental Performance of Chocolate Produced in Ghana Using Life Cycle Assessment." Sustainability 13, no. 11: 6155.

Journal article
Published: 27 April 2021 in Sustainability
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Agricultural activities in Europe cover half of the total area of the continent and are simultaneously a cause of environmental impact and victims of the same impact. Horticultural or fruit crops are considered highly intensive and often employ many crop inputs such as fertilizers, pesticides, and various materials. Strawberry falls into this group, and it has grown in acreage and production more than others globally. The aim of this study is to compare the environmental impact of two strawberry cultivation systems in central Italy, a mulched soil tunnel and a soilless tunnel system. The method used to assess the impact is LCA, widely applied in agriculture and supported by international standards. The data used are mainly primary, related to 2018, and representative of the cultivation systems of central Italy. For impact assessment, the method selected was the CML_IA baseline version. From the results obtained, the two systems show a similar impact per kg of strawberries produced (e.g., for global warming: 0.785 kg CO2 eq for soilless, 0.778 kg CO2 eq for mulched soil tunnel). Reduced differences can be observed for the use of crop inputs (greater for the tunnel) and the use of materials and technology (greater for soilless). The mitigation measures considered concern the replacement of the packaging (excluding plastic) and the growing medium of the soilless using perlite and compost from insect breeding.

ACS Style

Alessio Ilari; Giuseppe Toscano; Kofi Boakye-Yiadom; Daniele Duca; Ester Foppa Pedretti. Life Cycle Assessment of Protected Strawberry Productions in Central Italy. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4879 .

AMA Style

Alessio Ilari, Giuseppe Toscano, Kofi Boakye-Yiadom, Daniele Duca, Ester Foppa Pedretti. Life Cycle Assessment of Protected Strawberry Productions in Central Italy. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):4879.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alessio Ilari; Giuseppe Toscano; Kofi Boakye-Yiadom; Daniele Duca; Ester Foppa Pedretti. 2021. "Life Cycle Assessment of Protected Strawberry Productions in Central Italy." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 4879.

Journal article
Published: 14 August 2020 in Resources
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The impact of heat production from vineyard pruning pellets has been evaluated in this paper. The study considers two different systems: the first one based on a mobile pelletizer (PS1) and the second one based on a stationary pellet plant (PS2). The analysis conducted is from “cradle to grave”; the systems under analysis includes pruning harvesting, transport to storage area, pelletization (mobile system or stationary production plant), transport to consumer and combustion. The functional unit selected is 1 MJ of thermal energy produced. The impact assessment calculation methods selected are Eco-Indicator 99 (H) LCA Food V2.103/Europe EI 99 H/A with a midpoint and endpoint approach, and ReCiPe Midpoint (H) V1.10. Considering Life Cycle Assessment results, Eco-indicator shows a total impact of 4.25 and 4.07 mPt for mobile pelletizer and stationary pellet plant, respectively. Considering the three damage categories, PS1 has values of 2.4% (Human Health), 3.8% (Ecosystem Quality) and 17.3% (Resources), more impactful than PS2. Contribution analysis shows that direct emissions are the major damage contributor, followed by wood ash management. From a comparison between the baseline scenario and a scenario with an avoided product (wood ash as a standard potassium fertilizer), PS1 and PS2 with an avoided product approach are 41% and 40% less impactful than in the baseline scenarios. When testing the impact of mobile pelletizer while considering transportation as a factor, a reduction of distance for pellet has been evaluated. Reducing the distance from 100 to 10 km, the total impact of PS1 almost reaches the impact of PS2 with a difference of around 4.6% (Eco-indicator 99 method). The most impactful processes are pellet production, direct emissions and ash management, while a less impactful factor is the electricity consumption. Transportation shows the lowest impact. Considering the ReCiPe impact calculation method with a midpoint approach, the results confirm what was found with Eco-indicator 99; the PS1 shows a slightly higher impact than PS2.

ACS Style

Alessio Ilari; Giuseppe Toscano; Ester Foppa Pedretti; Sara Fabrizi; Daniele Duca. Environmental Sustainability of Heating Systems Based on Pellets Produced in Mobile and Stationary Plants from Vineyard Pruning Residues. Resources 2020, 9, 94 .

AMA Style

Alessio Ilari, Giuseppe Toscano, Ester Foppa Pedretti, Sara Fabrizi, Daniele Duca. Environmental Sustainability of Heating Systems Based on Pellets Produced in Mobile and Stationary Plants from Vineyard Pruning Residues. Resources. 2020; 9 (8):94.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alessio Ilari; Giuseppe Toscano; Ester Foppa Pedretti; Sara Fabrizi; Daniele Duca. 2020. "Environmental Sustainability of Heating Systems Based on Pellets Produced in Mobile and Stationary Plants from Vineyard Pruning Residues." Resources 9, no. 8: 94.

Journal article
Published: 13 May 2020 in Italian Botanist
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In this contribution, new data concerning the distribution of vascular flora alien to Italy are presented. It includes new records, confirmations, exclusions, and status changes for Italy or for Italian administrative regions. Furthermore, three new combinations are proposed. Nomenclatural and distribution updates published elsewhere are provided as Suppl. material 1.

ACS Style

Gabriele Galasso; Gianniantonio Domina; Michele Adorni; Claudia Angiolini; Massimiliano Apruzzese; Nicola M. G. Ardenghi; Silvia Assini; Maria Aversa; Gianluigi Bacchetta; Enrico Banfi; Giuseppina Barberis; Fabrizio Bartolucci; Liliana Bernardo; Alessio Bertolli; Fabrizio Bonali; Gianmaria Bonari; Ilaria Bonini; Francesco Bracco; Giuseppe Brundu; Giovanni Buccomino; Sergio Buono; Giacomo Calvia; Salvatore Cambria; Paolo Castagnini; Simona Ceschin; Davide Dagnino; Emilio Di Gristina; Alessandra Di Turi; Simonetta Fascetti; Giulio Ferretti; Mauro Fois; Rodolfo Gentili; Gabriele Gheza; Leonardo Gubellini; Nicole Hofmann; Duilio Iamonico; Alessio Ilari; Angéla Király; Gergely Király; Valentina Lucia Astrid Laface; Andrea Lallai; Lorenzo Lazzaro; Michele Lonati; Daniela Longo; Vanessa Lozano; Jacopo Lupoletti; Sara Magrini; Andrea Mainetti; Manuela Manca; Dino Marchetti; Flaminia Mariani; Mauro G. Mariotti; Rizzieri R. Masin; Giacomo Mei; Flavio Menini; Marco Merli; Andrea Milani; Luigi Minuto; Michele Mugnai; Carmelo M. Musarella; Nicola Olivieri; Livio Onnis; Nicodemo G. Passalacqua; Simonetta Peccenini; Lorenzo Peruzzi; Antonio Pica; Lorenzo Pinzani; Marco Pittarello; Lina Podda; Filippo Prosser; Simone Ravetto Enri; Francesco Roma-Marzio; Leonardo Rosati; Marco Sarigu; Filippo Scafidi; Saverio Sciandrello; Alberto Selvaggi; Giovanni Spampinato; Adriano Stinca; Gianmarco Tavilla; Chiara Toffolo; Giulia Tomasi; Claudia Turcato; Clizia Villano; Chiara Nepi. Notulae to the Italian alien vascular flora: 9. Italian Botanist 2020, 9, 71 -86.

AMA Style

Gabriele Galasso, Gianniantonio Domina, Michele Adorni, Claudia Angiolini, Massimiliano Apruzzese, Nicola M. G. Ardenghi, Silvia Assini, Maria Aversa, Gianluigi Bacchetta, Enrico Banfi, Giuseppina Barberis, Fabrizio Bartolucci, Liliana Bernardo, Alessio Bertolli, Fabrizio Bonali, Gianmaria Bonari, Ilaria Bonini, Francesco Bracco, Giuseppe Brundu, Giovanni Buccomino, Sergio Buono, Giacomo Calvia, Salvatore Cambria, Paolo Castagnini, Simona Ceschin, Davide Dagnino, Emilio Di Gristina, Alessandra Di Turi, Simonetta Fascetti, Giulio Ferretti, Mauro Fois, Rodolfo Gentili, Gabriele Gheza, Leonardo Gubellini, Nicole Hofmann, Duilio Iamonico, Alessio Ilari, Angéla Király, Gergely Király, Valentina Lucia Astrid Laface, Andrea Lallai, Lorenzo Lazzaro, Michele Lonati, Daniela Longo, Vanessa Lozano, Jacopo Lupoletti, Sara Magrini, Andrea Mainetti, Manuela Manca, Dino Marchetti, Flaminia Mariani, Mauro G. Mariotti, Rizzieri R. Masin, Giacomo Mei, Flavio Menini, Marco Merli, Andrea Milani, Luigi Minuto, Michele Mugnai, Carmelo M. Musarella, Nicola Olivieri, Livio Onnis, Nicodemo G. Passalacqua, Simonetta Peccenini, Lorenzo Peruzzi, Antonio Pica, Lorenzo Pinzani, Marco Pittarello, Lina Podda, Filippo Prosser, Simone Ravetto Enri, Francesco Roma-Marzio, Leonardo Rosati, Marco Sarigu, Filippo Scafidi, Saverio Sciandrello, Alberto Selvaggi, Giovanni Spampinato, Adriano Stinca, Gianmarco Tavilla, Chiara Toffolo, Giulia Tomasi, Claudia Turcato, Clizia Villano, Chiara Nepi. Notulae to the Italian alien vascular flora: 9. Italian Botanist. 2020; 9 ():71-86.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gabriele Galasso; Gianniantonio Domina; Michele Adorni; Claudia Angiolini; Massimiliano Apruzzese; Nicola M. G. Ardenghi; Silvia Assini; Maria Aversa; Gianluigi Bacchetta; Enrico Banfi; Giuseppina Barberis; Fabrizio Bartolucci; Liliana Bernardo; Alessio Bertolli; Fabrizio Bonali; Gianmaria Bonari; Ilaria Bonini; Francesco Bracco; Giuseppe Brundu; Giovanni Buccomino; Sergio Buono; Giacomo Calvia; Salvatore Cambria; Paolo Castagnini; Simona Ceschin; Davide Dagnino; Emilio Di Gristina; Alessandra Di Turi; Simonetta Fascetti; Giulio Ferretti; Mauro Fois; Rodolfo Gentili; Gabriele Gheza; Leonardo Gubellini; Nicole Hofmann; Duilio Iamonico; Alessio Ilari; Angéla Király; Gergely Király; Valentina Lucia Astrid Laface; Andrea Lallai; Lorenzo Lazzaro; Michele Lonati; Daniela Longo; Vanessa Lozano; Jacopo Lupoletti; Sara Magrini; Andrea Mainetti; Manuela Manca; Dino Marchetti; Flaminia Mariani; Mauro G. Mariotti; Rizzieri R. Masin; Giacomo Mei; Flavio Menini; Marco Merli; Andrea Milani; Luigi Minuto; Michele Mugnai; Carmelo M. Musarella; Nicola Olivieri; Livio Onnis; Nicodemo G. Passalacqua; Simonetta Peccenini; Lorenzo Peruzzi; Antonio Pica; Lorenzo Pinzani; Marco Pittarello; Lina Podda; Filippo Prosser; Simone Ravetto Enri; Francesco Roma-Marzio; Leonardo Rosati; Marco Sarigu; Filippo Scafidi; Saverio Sciandrello; Alberto Selvaggi; Giovanni Spampinato; Adriano Stinca; Gianmarco Tavilla; Chiara Toffolo; Giulia Tomasi; Claudia Turcato; Clizia Villano; Chiara Nepi. 2020. "Notulae to the Italian alien vascular flora: 9." Italian Botanist 9, no. : 71-86.

Conference paper
Published: 20 March 2020 in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering
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Carrot environmental impact assessment was conducted using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method (ISO 14040:2006; 14044:2006) and following Product Category Rules (PCR) on arable crops. SimaPro® has been used for impact assessment calculation. Goal and scope: the goal was to assess the impact of 1 kg of carrots for different packaging solutions. Life Cycle Inventory (LCI): was carried out with primary data provided by the farmers and by the processing company through interviews and consultation of official documents. Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA): was carried out using CML_IA characterization model. Interpretation: results obtained were interpreted highlighting the phases of greatest impact through a contribution analysis, and the impact variability due to data uncertainties through an uncertainty analysis. The potential impact for the Global Warming (GW) category varies between 1.2 × 10−1and 2.1 × 10−1 kg CO2 eq, for Acidification (AC) between 7.04 × 10−4 and 1.06 × 10−3 kg SO2 eq, for Ozone Depletion (OP) between 2.89 × 10−5 and 5.25 × 10−5 kg C2H4 eq, for Eutrophication (EP) between 2.19 × 10−4 and 3.05 × 10−4 kg PO43−. The greatest impacts were recorded for products with smaller sizes (0.5 kg trays). For larger formats the most impactful phase is field cultivation while for the smaller ones is packaging. As far as transport is concerned, the greatest impact is on the product coming from Mesola and not from Sicily, this is due to greater loading efficiency of transportation from Sicily.

ACS Style

Alessio Ilari; D. Duca; G. Toscano; V. Vecchiarelli; E. Foppa Pedretti. Life Cycle Impact Assessment of Carrot Cultivation and Processing: An Italian Case Study for a Small Family Company in the Marche Region. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering 2020, 575 -584.

AMA Style

Alessio Ilari, D. Duca, G. Toscano, V. Vecchiarelli, E. Foppa Pedretti. Life Cycle Impact Assessment of Carrot Cultivation and Processing: An Italian Case Study for a Small Family Company in the Marche Region. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. 2020; ():575-584.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alessio Ilari; D. Duca; G. Toscano; V. Vecchiarelli; E. Foppa Pedretti. 2020. "Life Cycle Impact Assessment of Carrot Cultivation and Processing: An Italian Case Study for a Small Family Company in the Marche Region." Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering , no. : 575-584.

Chapter
Published: 03 January 2020 in The First Outstanding 50 Years of “Università Politecnica delle Marche”
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The increasing World population requires high quantities and guaranteed quality of food with high nutritional value and little or no residues of synthetic pesticides. Therefore, it is mandatory to set up new agricultural techniques to improve soil fertility, favor optimal growth of crop plants, and increase crop resilience and resistance to pathogens and pests. An appropriate strategy for crop management includes optimization of application rates, available tools and the environmental fate of pesticides. Integrated pathogen and pest management involves a number of preventive measures based on agronomic, genetic, biological, and chemical control methods that will reduce the sensitivity of the agroecosystem. To obtain good results with minimal input, the correct application of biological, biotechnical, and chemical approaches needs to be followed according to best practice. In addition, evaluation of agricultural residues and supply-chain by- products can contribute to improvements to product sustainability, as highlighted by many life-cycle assessment studies. Finally, modern agriculture can benefit from new tools provided by precision farming, for improved efficiency of fertilizer use and effectiveness of application of organic soil improvers, biocontrol agents, semiochemicals, and botanical, microbiological, and synthetic pesticides. Such sustainable integrated approaches can be used for both small-scale and large-scale farming, with the main target of improved crop production, and in particular for organic farming, where agriculture can also have an important role in social inclusion.

ACS Style

Gianfranco Romanazzi; Paola Riolo; Daniele Duca; Roberto Orsini; Elga Monaci; Sergio Murolo; Roxana Luisa Minuz; Chiara Mengarelli; Martina Perugini; Elisa Verdolini; Alessio Ilari; Valeria Mancini; Erica Feliziani; Lucia Landi; Ester Foppa Pedretti; Rodolfo Santilocchi; Costantino Vischetti; Nunzio Isidoro. Innovation in Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests, and Effects on the Environment. The First Outstanding 50 Years of “Università Politecnica delle Marche” 2020, 601 -616.

AMA Style

Gianfranco Romanazzi, Paola Riolo, Daniele Duca, Roberto Orsini, Elga Monaci, Sergio Murolo, Roxana Luisa Minuz, Chiara Mengarelli, Martina Perugini, Elisa Verdolini, Alessio Ilari, Valeria Mancini, Erica Feliziani, Lucia Landi, Ester Foppa Pedretti, Rodolfo Santilocchi, Costantino Vischetti, Nunzio Isidoro. Innovation in Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests, and Effects on the Environment. The First Outstanding 50 Years of “Università Politecnica delle Marche”. 2020; ():601-616.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gianfranco Romanazzi; Paola Riolo; Daniele Duca; Roberto Orsini; Elga Monaci; Sergio Murolo; Roxana Luisa Minuz; Chiara Mengarelli; Martina Perugini; Elisa Verdolini; Alessio Ilari; Valeria Mancini; Erica Feliziani; Lucia Landi; Ester Foppa Pedretti; Rodolfo Santilocchi; Costantino Vischetti; Nunzio Isidoro. 2020. "Innovation in Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests, and Effects on the Environment." The First Outstanding 50 Years of “Università Politecnica delle Marche” , no. : 601-616.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2019 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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ACS Style

Alessio Ilari; Daniele Duca; Giuseppe Toscano; Ester Foppa Pedretti. Evaluation of cradle to gate environmental impact of frozen green bean production by means of life cycle assessment. Journal of Cleaner Production 2019, 236, 1 .

AMA Style

Alessio Ilari, Daniele Duca, Giuseppe Toscano, Ester Foppa Pedretti. Evaluation of cradle to gate environmental impact of frozen green bean production by means of life cycle assessment. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019; 236 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alessio Ilari; Daniele Duca; Giuseppe Toscano; Ester Foppa Pedretti. 2019. "Evaluation of cradle to gate environmental impact of frozen green bean production by means of life cycle assessment." Journal of Cleaner Production 236, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 23 October 2019 in Agriculture
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Sunflower is one of the most important oilseed crops cultivated in the world for different purposes. In Italy, the production is mostly located in the central area, representing 70% of Italian production. The market demand for sunflower oil is higher than the national production. There is an increasing request for cold pressed sunflower oil for food application. The success of this activity is linked to a correct setting up and management of the production and supply chain with a valorization of products and by-products. To this aim, information is needed, and this paper is focused on the cultivation of sunflower in central Italy using suitable hybrids, as well as on the study of the cold extraction performance of the sunflower seed produced and the quality of by-products and residues. Results indicate that, on average, a range of about 1.0–1.5 t ha−1 of cold pressed oil and different amounts of by-products can be obtained. According to a proposed scenario, 30 ha cultivated with sunflower are needed to create a complete supply chain within the farm, avoiding many additional passages and maintaining all the value for the farmer. It is important to use suitable hybrids for obtaining good yield, but also the cold extraction performances are important because they also affect the quality of by-products and residues that can be valorized themselves to improve sustainability.

ACS Style

Ester Foppa Pedretti; Andrea Del Gatto; Sandro Pieri; Lorella Mangoni; Alessio Ilari; Manuela Mancini; Gabriele Feliciangeli; Elena Leoni; Giuseppe Toscano; Daniele Duca. Experimental Study to Support Local Sunflower Oil Chains: Production of Cold Pressed Oil in Central Italy. Agriculture 2019, 9, 231 .

AMA Style

Ester Foppa Pedretti, Andrea Del Gatto, Sandro Pieri, Lorella Mangoni, Alessio Ilari, Manuela Mancini, Gabriele Feliciangeli, Elena Leoni, Giuseppe Toscano, Daniele Duca. Experimental Study to Support Local Sunflower Oil Chains: Production of Cold Pressed Oil in Central Italy. Agriculture. 2019; 9 (11):231.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ester Foppa Pedretti; Andrea Del Gatto; Sandro Pieri; Lorella Mangoni; Alessio Ilari; Manuela Mancini; Gabriele Feliciangeli; Elena Leoni; Giuseppe Toscano; Daniele Duca. 2019. "Experimental Study to Support Local Sunflower Oil Chains: Production of Cold Pressed Oil in Central Italy." Agriculture 9, no. 11: 231.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2018 in Renewable Energy
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Vine is one of the most widespread crop cultivated in Italy. The management of these residues is linked to an additional cost for the operator and determines environmental issues mainly due to open field combustion. A better exploitation of these residues could be the use for thermal energy production in residential heating devices fuelled with pellet. In the present work vineyard pruning residues were collected, pelletised, then characterised according to the standard for solid biofuels. Combustion tests were performed in a 150 kWth boiler fuelled with pruning pellet and the related TSP, CO, NOx emissions were measured. In order to make a comparison with the open field combustion emissions of the vineyard pruning residues, simulation tests were conducted at lab scale. Open field emissions are up to 120 times for CO emission and 30 times for TSP more than the boiler emission Results highlighted that by avoiding open field combustion and using this residual biomass for energy production, a significant reduction of environmental pollution together with an increase in renewable energy production can be obtained. The results can be useful as support for policy makers engaged in developing the strategy for the promotion of renewable energy and air quality improvement.

ACS Style

A. Pizzi; E. Foppa Pedretti; D. Duca; Giorgio Rossini; C. Mengarelli; Alessio Ilari; M. Mancini; G. Toscano. Emissions of heating appliances fuelled with agropellet produced from vine pruning residues and environmental aspects. Renewable Energy 2018, 121, 513 -520.

AMA Style

A. Pizzi, E. Foppa Pedretti, D. Duca, Giorgio Rossini, C. Mengarelli, Alessio Ilari, M. Mancini, G. Toscano. Emissions of heating appliances fuelled with agropellet produced from vine pruning residues and environmental aspects. Renewable Energy. 2018; 121 ():513-520.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A. Pizzi; E. Foppa Pedretti; D. Duca; Giorgio Rossini; C. Mengarelli; Alessio Ilari; M. Mancini; G. Toscano. 2018. "Emissions of heating appliances fuelled with agropellet produced from vine pruning residues and environmental aspects." Renewable Energy 121, no. : 513-520.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2018 in Energy
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ACS Style

Andrea Pizzi; Giuseppe Toscano; E. Foppa Pedretti; D. Duca; Giorgio Rossini; C. Mengarelli; Alessio Ilari; A. Renzi; M. Mancini. Energy characteristics assessment of olive pomace by means of FT-NIR spectroscopy. Energy 2018, 147, 51 -58.

AMA Style

Andrea Pizzi, Giuseppe Toscano, E. Foppa Pedretti, D. Duca, Giorgio Rossini, C. Mengarelli, Alessio Ilari, A. Renzi, M. Mancini. Energy characteristics assessment of olive pomace by means of FT-NIR spectroscopy. Energy. 2018; 147 ():51-58.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andrea Pizzi; Giuseppe Toscano; E. Foppa Pedretti; D. Duca; Giorgio Rossini; C. Mengarelli; Alessio Ilari; A. Renzi; M. Mancini. 2018. "Energy characteristics assessment of olive pomace by means of FT-NIR spectroscopy." Energy 147, no. : 51-58.

Journal article
Published: 05 December 2017 in Agriculture
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Background: The production of seeds for horticultural crops has seen a steady growth since 2006. Onion is one of the most widespread crops that followed this trend until 2013, undergoing a slight decline in 2016. Even though these crops are characterized by high economic value, they present some important issues such as high costs and labor required by some operations such as threshing. The purpose of this study is the evaluation of a patented and dedicated system for mechanical threshing throughout the evaluation of seed quality parameters. Methods: The study was conducted comparing seed samples mechanically threshed obtained from 12 companies and samples of the same batches manually threshed to determine the maximum qualitative potential. The chosen terms for comparison are the most important qualitative parameters included within ISTA standards for seed evaluation. Results: The mechanically threshed seeds show lower values for all the considered quality parameters compared to those found in the control samples. In the same way, there is also greater variability. Conclusions: The introduction of the dedicated mechanical systems allows the reduction of seed processing time while maintaining the quality standards within the limits of merchantability, but for obtaining higher standards, further analysis is necessary.

ACS Style

Ester Foppa Pedretti; Daniele Duca; Giuseppe Toscano; Chiara Mengarelli; Giorgio Rossini; Andrea Pizzi; Manuela Mancini; Debora Tesei; Alessio Ilari. Validity of the Mechanical Threshing of Onion Seeds from the Point of View of Seed Quality. Agriculture 2017, 7, 102 .

AMA Style

Ester Foppa Pedretti, Daniele Duca, Giuseppe Toscano, Chiara Mengarelli, Giorgio Rossini, Andrea Pizzi, Manuela Mancini, Debora Tesei, Alessio Ilari. Validity of the Mechanical Threshing of Onion Seeds from the Point of View of Seed Quality. Agriculture. 2017; 7 (12):102.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ester Foppa Pedretti; Daniele Duca; Giuseppe Toscano; Chiara Mengarelli; Giorgio Rossini; Andrea Pizzi; Manuela Mancini; Debora Tesei; Alessio Ilari. 2017. "Validity of the Mechanical Threshing of Onion Seeds from the Point of View of Seed Quality." Agriculture 7, no. 12: 102.

Lca for agriculture
Published: 30 May 2017 in The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment
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In the agro-food industry, related to the horticultural sector, promising products are the ones called “ready to eat”, “ready to use”. Fresh processed vegetables, belonging to the “fresh cut” products, are considered barely treated and potentially more sustainable than frozen ones. The principal aim of this study is assessing the environmental impact of nursery step for seedlings production, commonly included in the vegetable chain production in Italy and other countries. Four different kinds of salad have been assessed: Cichorium endivia var. crispum (curly endive), Cicorium endivia var. latifolium (escarole), Cichorium intybus var. foliosum (red chicory) and Cichorium intybus var. foliosum (sugarloaf chicory). The study was conducted following ISO standards on life cycle assessment (14,040, 14,044) with a “cradle to nursery gate” approach. The functional unit (FU) selected was one small plant in polystyrene tray (170 holes); this choice is due to a requirement of repeatability and comparability of the analysis outcomes. Data for inventory analysis have been detected throughout surveys, questionnaires and direct measurements. In more details, materials used for structures, energy and mass flows have been considered. Calculation method selected is the CML 2 baseline 2000 v. 2.05 with the related impact categories. Results show that the four species have a comparable environmental load. Differences among the different impact categories are lower than the 30% excluding eutrophication for escarole (−56%) with respect to sugarloaf chicory. Specie that presents the lowest impact is Escarole. This is due to the shorter cultivation cycle. Thermoplastic and plastic materials and their production, substrates extraction and direct emissions from fertilizers and pesticides are the main contributors affecting the environmental sustainability of seedlings production. Consistently with other studies on similar research topic, energy consumption, such as electricity, gives a load of little relevance. Taking into account only the category of global warming, the absolute average load of one seedling produced is 2.53e-3 kg CO2 eq. Further studies regarding the evaluation of alternative production system with a lower use of plastics and thermoplastics will be useful.

ACS Style

Alessio Ilari; Daniele Duca. Energy and environmental sustainability of nursery step finalized to “fresh cut” salad production by means of LCA. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 2017, 23, 800 -810.

AMA Style

Alessio Ilari, Daniele Duca. Energy and environmental sustainability of nursery step finalized to “fresh cut” salad production by means of LCA. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment. 2017; 23 (4):800-810.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alessio Ilari; Daniele Duca. 2017. "Energy and environmental sustainability of nursery step finalized to “fresh cut” salad production by means of LCA." The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 23, no. 4: 800-810.

Journal article
Published: 08 March 2016 in Journal of Agricultural Engineering
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The increase in the demand for energy supply during the past few decades has brought and will bring to a growth in the utilisation of renewable resources, in particular of solid biomasses. Considering the variability in the properties of biomass and the globalisation of the timber market, a chemical and physical characterisation is essential to determine the biomass quality. The specific international standards on solid biofuels (ISO 17225 series) describe proper specification and classification of wood chip and pellet, to ensure appropriate quality. Moreover, standard requires information about origin and source of the biomass, normally only to be declared by the producers. In order to fulfill the requirements for the biomass quality, the origin and the source should be assessed, even if currently is hard to determine, in particular on milled or densified biomass. Infrared spectroscopy can provide information on the biomass at the chemical level, directly linked also to its origin and source. This technique is fast and not destructive thus suitable also for online monitoring along the biofuel production chain. In this study, 60 samples belonging to 8 different species were collected and related spectra were acquired using a Fourier transform infrared (IR) spectrometer equipped with a module for solid analysis and analysed by principal component analysis. The results obtained show that the method is very efficient in the identification between coniferous and deciduous wood (99% confidence level) and good results were obtained in the recognition of coniferous/deciduous mixtures, too. Nevertheless, some clear differences have been also noted among intra-class grouping, but additional tests should be carried out. This technique can provide useful information to solid biofuel stakeholders about wood quality and origin, important especially for sustainability issues. Further work will be oriented to the development of IR methodologies for the fast measurement of other important biomass parameters (e.g., ash content, high calorific value, nitrogen content, etc.).

ACS Style

Daniele Duca; Andrea Pizzi; Manuela Mancini; Giorgio Rossini; Chiara Mengarelli; Alessio Ilari; Giulia Lucesoli; Giuseppe Toscano; Ester Foppa Pedretti. Fast measurement by infrared spectroscopy as support to woody biofuels quality determination. Journal of Agricultural Engineering 2016, 47, 17 -21.

AMA Style

Daniele Duca, Andrea Pizzi, Manuela Mancini, Giorgio Rossini, Chiara Mengarelli, Alessio Ilari, Giulia Lucesoli, Giuseppe Toscano, Ester Foppa Pedretti. Fast measurement by infrared spectroscopy as support to woody biofuels quality determination. Journal of Agricultural Engineering. 2016; 47 (1):17-21.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniele Duca; Andrea Pizzi; Manuela Mancini; Giorgio Rossini; Chiara Mengarelli; Alessio Ilari; Giulia Lucesoli; Giuseppe Toscano; Ester Foppa Pedretti. 2016. "Fast measurement by infrared spectroscopy as support to woody biofuels quality determination." Journal of Agricultural Engineering 47, no. 1: 17-21.