Blepharostoma trichophyllum was found to be a species collectiva formed by several strongly genetically different species. The taxonomic diversity in the group is the possible result of radiation in early stages; then, these taxa likely survived for a long time in similar environmental conditions, which resulted in stasis. Presently, the existing taxa are similar one to another and may be morphologically distinguished with difficulties. The most taxonomically valuable morphological characteristics include oil bodies and cells in the leaf segment features. The most diverse genotypes (the vast majority of which are treated here as distinct species) were found in amphi-Pacific Asia, which may reflect the evolutionary history of the genus or may be the consequence of more profound sampling in the macro-region in comparison with other parts of the Holarctic.

Calypogeia is a genus in Pacific Asia that is difficult to classify taxonomically. These difficulties arise from (1) considering the presence of oil bodies as anatomical characters for taxonomic differentiation, (2) the wide occurrence of sibling, semicryptic and geographical vicariant taxa and (3) the inevitable need to organize new datasets for molecular genetic revision of the genus. The present study uses an integrative approach, including molecular genetic, morphological, chorological and ecological methods, to understand the taxonomy of the genus in Amphi-Pacific Asia. As a result, a set of new-to-science taxa was revealed, and the suite of morphological features necessary for reliable discrimination of the taxa was revised. These results are based on the study of a large set of ‘fresh’ collections suitable for molecular analysis and morphological comparison and include data on oil bodies. The most basal branch in Calypogeia s.l. is segregated into a new genus, Asperifolia. Descriptions of the new taxa and the key to Calypogeia in Vietnam are provided.

A short collecting expedition to Vietnam in 2016 yielded 700 specimens of 170 liverwort species of which 79 were new to the flora of Vietnam, including 43 species new to Indochina. Many of the newly recorded species have meta-Himalayan distributions (that predicts occurrence of these taxa in the areas of north-west Vietnam situated in the south-easternmost spurs of the Himalaya). Some species were recorded based on the study of living material, permitting the examination of oil body characteristics for Riccardia and Calypogeia. The known taxonomic liverwort diversity of Vietnam is currently 379 taxa, estimated to represent ca 80% of the actual taxonomic diversity in the country.

The study of the flora located in the central part of the Hoàng Liên Sơn Range in the northern region of Indochina has revealed 279 species of liverwort and hornwort, 26 of which are newly reported for the flora of Vietnam. The uniqueness and peculiarity of the studied flora are explained by the significant altitudinal range in the area treated and its position in the contact zone of the Sikang-Yunnan floristic province of the East Asian Floristic Region with the Indochina Floristic Region. The checklist includes data on the distribution of each species in the studied region, habitats, and accompanying taxa. The high disunity of the regional floras of the southern tip of the East Asian region compared to the lesser disunity of the regional floras in the north of the East Asian region is shown. In general, the studied flora possess Sino-Himalayan mountain subtropical characteristics with the large participation of tropical elements.

Marsupella sect. Stolonicaulon is not speciose and is a commonly neglected section within the genus, which currently includes three species with somewhat similar morphologies (wiry shoots with distanced leaves) and distributions in the mountains of tropical and subtropical regions (SE (Southeast) Asia, the Venezuelan Andes, and the high mountains of SE Brazil). After studying materials that were found to be dissimilar to the “traditional” Marsupella that were collected in the last decade by the authors of this article, it was found that these plants belong to three new-for-science species, and all of these species should be included in Marsupella sect. Stolonicaulon. The newly described species have expanded the boundaries of morphological variability, not only for the section itself, but also for the genus based on two findings: (1) the leaves of Marsupella sect. Stolonicaulon can be either appressed and entire or spaced and deeply divided (thus, the plants could occasionally be similar to Cephaloziella or Anastrophyllum); (2) some species of the section possess regular underleaf production. The first discovery of regular underleaves in Marsupella, as noted in two of the three newly described taxa, is the main morphological novelty described in this paper. The development of regular underleaves is a presumable relict character that brings Marsupella closer to Nardia, which was recently transferred to the Gymnomitriaceae and occupies an isolated position within its own subfamily, Nardioideae.