The artificial intelligence (AI) revolution is here and gathering momentum, thanks to new models of natural language processing (NLP) and rapidly increasing adoption by the public. NLP technology uses statistical analysis of language structures to analyse and generate human language, using text or speech as its source material. It can also be applied to visual mediums like images and videos. A few qualitative research early adopters are beginning to adopt this technology into their work, but our understanding of its potential remains in its infancy. This article will define and describe NLP-based AI and discuss its benefits and limitations for reflexive thematic analysis in health research. While there are many platforms available, ChatGPT is the most well-known and accessible. A worked example using ChatGPT to augment reflexive thematic analysis is provided to illustrate potential application in practice. This article is intended to inspire further conversation around the role of AI in qualitative research and offer practical guidance for researchers seeking to adopt this technology.

This article will present a critical analysis of the four dimensions of occupation, doing, being, becoming and belonging, and propose clearer understandings of the terms. The concepts have developed and evolved since Wilcock first introduced them as main constructs of Occupational Perspective of Health (OPH), with doing and being receiving the most comprehensive development. However, the concepts of becoming and belonging remain underdeveloped. Given the complex nature of occupation, this comprehensive analysis of each dimension adds greater depth to our understanding, and provisional definitions of each term are provided to guide their ongoing development.

Objective: This study assessed the psychological well-being of Australian hospital clinical staff during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: An anonymous online cross-sectional survey was conducted in a large metropolitan tertiary health service located in Melbourne, Australia. The survey was completed by nurses, midwives, doctors and allied health (AH) staff between 15 May and 10 June 2020. The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale – 21 items (DASS-21) assessed the psychological well-being of respondents in the previous week. Results: In all, 668 people responded to the survey (nurses/midwives, n = 391; doctors, n = 138; AH staff, n = 139). Of these, 108 (16.2%) had direct contact with people with a COVID-19 diagnosis. Approximately one-quarter of respondents reported symptoms of psychological distress. Between 11% (AH staff) and 29% (nurses/midwives) had anxiety scores in the mild to extremely severe ranges. Nurses and midwives had significantly higher anxiety scores than doctors (P < 0.001) and AH staff (P < 0.001). Direct contact with people with a COVID-19 diagnosis (P < 0.001) and being a nurse or midwife (P < 0.001) were associated with higher anxiety scores. Higher ratings of the health service’s pandemic response and staff support strategies were protective against depression (P < 0.001), anxiety (P < 0.05) and stress (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant effect on the psychological well-being of hospital clinical staff, particularly nurses and midwives. Staff would benefit from (additional) targeted supportive interventions during the current and future outbreaks of infectious diseases. What is known about the topic?: The outbreak of COVID-19 is having, and will have, a considerable effect on health services. No Australian data about the effect of COVID-19 on the psychological well-being of hospital clinical staff are available. What does this paper add?: Australia healthcare providers have experienced considerable emotional distress during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly nurses and midwives and clinical staff who have had direct contact with people with a COVID-19 diagnosis. In this study, nurses and midwives had significantly higher levels of anxiety, depression and stress during the pandemic than general Australian adult population norms, and significantly more severe anxiety symptoms than medical and AH staff. Despite a lower number of COVID-19 cases and a lower death rate than in other countries, the proportion of Australian hospital clinical staff experiencing distress is similar to that found in other countries. What are the implications for practitioners?: Targeted well-being interventions are required to support hospital clinical staff during the current and future outbreaks of infectious diseases and other ‘crises’ or adverse events.

Purpose: To synthesise current literature regarding applications of universal design (UD) to built environments that promote social participation, identify areas of agreement and areas requiring further attention and development. Occupations refer to personally meaningful activities, which people need, want or must do as part of their daily life. Materials and methods: Recently published literature (January 2011–December 2017) relevant to UD and built environments, and pertaining to any discipline or professional area, were identified via a systematic search of databases in the EbscoHOST platform. The person–environment–occupation (PEO) model was chosen as a theoretical framework for the review, which included a sample of 33 peer reviewed journal articles. Results: The current discourse is driven more by description, discussion, and commentary than empirical approaches; although, a combination of quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods approaches was employed. Much of the current discourse on UD and the built environment focuses on the person and the environment, with the occupations carried out in built environments and the interaction between these domains not referred to in much detail. Conclusions: Including occupations, social participation, multi- and trans-disciplinary collaboration, and multicultural perspectives in the ongoing discourse around UD would enable the concept to reach its full potential as a medium for social justice.

The four dimensions of occupation developed by Wilcock in the Occupational Perspective on Health-doing, being, becoming, and belonging-have evolved. Although the inter-relationships between the dimensions have been explored by clinicians and researchers to some degree, the reciprocal and multidimensional nature of these relationships are rarely explicitly addressed. This article will present a critical analysis of the relationships and interaction between doing, being, becoming, and belonging, initially in dyads and then in a multidimensional way. The article proposes provisional understandings of how they combine and influence each other in occupational engagement. Six observations are made on the dimensions of occupation, along with a discussion of the impact of their interrelationships on research and practice.