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Dr. Santosh Jagtap
Product Development Research Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Blekinge Institute of Technology, 371 79 Karlskrona, Sweden

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0 Industrial Design
0 Social Sustainability
0 Design Creativity
0 Design for Sustainability

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Conference paper
Published: 27 April 2021 in Blockchain Technology and Innovations in Business Processes
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Designing frugal innovations is crucial to alleviate problems faced by people living in low-resource settings. Many design studies have been undertaken in such low-resource settings. These studies are discussed using a variety of names like ‘frugal innovations’, ‘appropriate technology’, ‘design for the Base of the Pyramid (BOP)’, ‘product service systems for BOP’, ‘community development engineering’, ‘design for development’, etc. There is an important need to know in what context these studies were undertaken. In order to gain an in-depth understanding of the contextual aspects of these studies, we review a wide range of literature, focussing on design studies in this field. The review findings show a multifaceted picture, revealing a large variety in examination and presentation of contextual aspects such as income, design sectors, countries, rural–urban, and gender. Based on the review findings, we offer recommendation for practice, education, and research of designing frugal innovations in low-resource settings.

ACS Style

Santosh Jagtap. Design, Frugal Innovations, and Low-Resource Settings: An Analysis of Five Contextual Aspects. Blockchain Technology and Innovations in Business Processes 2021, 705 -714.

AMA Style

Santosh Jagtap. Design, Frugal Innovations, and Low-Resource Settings: An Analysis of Five Contextual Aspects. Blockchain Technology and Innovations in Business Processes. 2021; ():705-714.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Santosh Jagtap. 2021. "Design, Frugal Innovations, and Low-Resource Settings: An Analysis of Five Contextual Aspects." Blockchain Technology and Innovations in Business Processes , no. : 705-714.

Conference paper
Published: 27 April 2021 in Blockchain Technology and Innovations in Business Processes
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People living in low-resource settings at the base of the world income pyramid (i.e. base of the pyramid—BOP) face several constraints. To satisfy their unmet needs, integrated frugal innovations are necessary. Several studies, discussed using many names such as ‘design for base of the pyramid’, ‘design for development’, ‘product service systems’, ‘frugal innovations’, ‘humanitarian engineering’, ‘appropriate technology’, have explored the design of such integrated frugal innovations for the BOP. Based on ten key design aspects, gleaned from such studies, this paper aims at developing an Integrated Design Methodology for designing frugal innovations for the BOP (Frugal-IDeM). We have related the key design aspects with the various phases in the design and development process. The Frugal-IDeM also includes recommendations for how to implement the key design aspects.

ACS Style

Santosh Jagtap. Frugal-IDeM: An Integrated Methodology for Designing Frugal Innovations in Low-Resource Settings. Blockchain Technology and Innovations in Business Processes 2021, 41 -51.

AMA Style

Santosh Jagtap. Frugal-IDeM: An Integrated Methodology for Designing Frugal Innovations in Low-Resource Settings. Blockchain Technology and Innovations in Business Processes. 2021; ():41-51.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Santosh Jagtap. 2021. "Frugal-IDeM: An Integrated Methodology for Designing Frugal Innovations in Low-Resource Settings." Blockchain Technology and Innovations in Business Processes , no. : 41-51.

Research article
Published: 11 February 2021 in CoDesign
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The base of the world income pyramid, typically known as the Base of the pyramid (BOP), represents low-income people living in developing countries. Co-design with BOP people is crucial for sustained adoption and use of products and services. Based on interviews with practising designers, we identify barriers and enablers that the designers encounter in undertaking various tasks in the process of co-designing with these marginalised people. The findings suggest that a broad range of factors, related to the BOP context, co-design processes and methods, organisational issues, and aspects of collaboration, support or hinder activities in the co-design process. Consideration of these factors, as perceived by the designers, can lead to more impactful co-design with BOP people.

ACS Style

Santosh Jagtap. Co-design with marginalised people: designers’ perceptions of barriers and enablers. CoDesign 2021, 1 -24.

AMA Style

Santosh Jagtap. Co-design with marginalised people: designers’ perceptions of barriers and enablers. CoDesign. 2021; ():1-24.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Santosh Jagtap. 2021. "Co-design with marginalised people: designers’ perceptions of barriers and enablers." CoDesign , no. : 1-24.

Conference paper
Published: 01 May 2020 in Proceedings of the Design Society: DESIGN Conference
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Co-design with marginalised people is crucial for sustained adoption and use of frugal innovations or Product Service Systems (PSS). Interviews were conducted with eighteen designers to identify barriers and enablers that they encounter in co-designing with marginalised people. The findings suggest that the factors supporting or hindering this co-design relate to the context of marginalised societies, co-design processes and methods, organisational issues, and aspects of collaboration. Consideration of these factors can lead to more impactful co-design with marginalised people.

ACS Style

S. Jagtap. BARRIERS AND ENABLERS IN CO-DESIGNING WITH MARGINALISED PEOPLE. Proceedings of the Design Society: DESIGN Conference 2020, 1, 1931 -1940.

AMA Style

S. Jagtap. BARRIERS AND ENABLERS IN CO-DESIGNING WITH MARGINALISED PEOPLE. Proceedings of the Design Society: DESIGN Conference. 2020; 1 ():1931-1940.

Chicago/Turabian Style

S. Jagtap. 2020. "BARRIERS AND ENABLERS IN CO-DESIGNING WITH MARGINALISED PEOPLE." Proceedings of the Design Society: DESIGN Conference 1, no. : 1931-1940.

Journal article
Published: 19 December 2019 in She Ji: The Journal of Design, Economics, and Innovation
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Poverty is a multidimensional issue, characterized by deprivations and constraints at the individual, institutional, economic, and technological level. To satisfy the unmet or underserved needs of people living in poverty, the relevant constraints in the target context must be addressed via integrated design solutions. Although previous studies in this field show that designing integrated solutions requires input from multiple stakeholders, there is a lack of relevant research examining the nature of this input. To address this, using a case study methodology, we analyzed three design projects that have successfully responded to the pertinent constraints within each context by supporting social and human development among its marginalized populations. Based on our findings, we designed a stakeholder input framework categorizing a diverse range of stakeholder perspectives—both inside and outside the context of poverty—that can contribute towards integrated solutions design. The findings and resulting stakeholder input framework can help designers gain a deeper appreciation of the constraints faced by marginalized societies, and how design input from various stakeholders can be mobilized to overcome these constraints and create value for resource-poor people.

ACS Style

Santosh Jagtap; Tobias Larsson. Resource-Limited Societies, Integrated Design Solutions, and Stakeholder Input. She Ji: The Journal of Design, Economics, and Innovation 2019, 5, 285 -303.

AMA Style

Santosh Jagtap, Tobias Larsson. Resource-Limited Societies, Integrated Design Solutions, and Stakeholder Input. She Ji: The Journal of Design, Economics, and Innovation. 2019; 5 (4):285-303.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Santosh Jagtap; Tobias Larsson. 2019. "Resource-Limited Societies, Integrated Design Solutions, and Stakeholder Input." She Ji: The Journal of Design, Economics, and Innovation 5, no. 4: 285-303.

Review article
Published: 08 February 2019 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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Marginalised societies face a wide range of deprivations and constraints at individual, institutional, economic, and technological levels. To satisfy unmet or underserved needs of poor people living in these societies, it is essential to address all the relevant constraints in the target context through the design of integrated solutions. Many studies have explored the design of integrated solutions for these societies using approaches and concepts such as holistic design for low-resource settings, Base of the Pyramid, product service systems, subsistence marketplaces, etc. We perform a systematic review of a broad range of literature on integrated design solutions for marginalised societies, gleaning ten guidelines to support design practice in this field. The derived guidelines cover different phases of the design process and life cycle stages of the solution. Each guideline is supported by findings of several studies. We have also included a detailed, illustrative example for each guideline. Additionally, the review allowed us to offer recommendations for how to use each of the ten guidelines. Finally, we discuss the guidelines relating them to constraints in marginalised societies and unfamiliarity of practitioners about these societies.

ACS Style

Santosh Jagtap. Key guidelines for designing integrated solutions to support development of marginalised societies. Journal of Cleaner Production 2019, 219, 148 -165.

AMA Style

Santosh Jagtap. Key guidelines for designing integrated solutions to support development of marginalised societies. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019; 219 ():148-165.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Santosh Jagtap. 2019. "Key guidelines for designing integrated solutions to support development of marginalised societies." Journal of Cleaner Production 219, no. : 148-165.

Review
Published: 02 August 2018 in Research in Engineering Design
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Design is essential to fulfil unmet or under-served needs of resource-poor societies, supporting their social and human development. A great deal of design research has been undertaken in such low resource settings, and is discussed under different names, such as ‘community development engineering’, ‘humanitarian engineering’, ‘appropriate technology’, ‘design for development’, ‘design at the Base of the Pyramid’, etc. This has created an important need to know what has been examined and learnt so far and to plan for further investigation. To address this, we review a broad range of literature, with close examination of 30 design studies in this field. This reveals a multifaceted picture, showing a great diversity in investigation and reporting of attributes of context (income, rural and urban, design sectors, countries, and gender), the roles of poor people (consumers, producers, and co-designers), characteristics of research methods employed (e.g. descriptive and prescriptive, data collection methods, qualitative and quantitative aspects, and unit of analysis), and design topics. Based on the review results, we offer recommendations for further research, identifying concerns that researchers ought to have about this field and suggesting ways in which research in this field can be undertaken and reported.

ACS Style

Santosh Jagtap. Design and poverty: a review of contexts, roles of poor people, and methods. Research in Engineering Design 2018, 30, 41 -62.

AMA Style

Santosh Jagtap. Design and poverty: a review of contexts, roles of poor people, and methods. Research in Engineering Design. 2018; 30 (1):41-62.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Santosh Jagtap. 2018. "Design and poverty: a review of contexts, roles of poor people, and methods." Research in Engineering Design 30, no. 1: 41-62.

Journal article
Published: 10 November 2017 in The Design Journal
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Eliciting specific intentions and seeking inspiration are important activities in the process of shaping a product’s visual appearance. A survey of the professional industrial designers was conducted to identify intentions (e.g. attributes, emotions) that they attempt to elicit, and also to identify inspiration sources and their media that they prefer not only in generating ideas to realise intentions but also in analysing and communicating intentions. The findings indicate that the designers frequently intend to elicit some specific attributes and emotions. Regarding inspiration sources and media, commonalities as well as differences were observed in the activities - analysing intentions, communicating intentions, and generating ideas to realise intentions.

ACS Style

Santosh Jagtap. Intentions and Inspiration in Shaping Visual Appearance of Products: The Practice of Professional Industrial Designers in India. The Design Journal 2017, 21, 85 -107.

AMA Style

Santosh Jagtap. Intentions and Inspiration in Shaping Visual Appearance of Products: The Practice of Professional Industrial Designers in India. The Design Journal. 2017; 21 (1):85-107.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Santosh Jagtap. 2017. "Intentions and Inspiration in Shaping Visual Appearance of Products: The Practice of Professional Industrial Designers in India." The Design Journal 21, no. 1: 85-107.