Objective: Dyslipidaemia is considered a metabolic abnormality andan important risk factor that leads to atherogenic cardiovascular diseases. Cigarette smoking is associated with dyslipidaemia. This study aimed to demonstrate whether lipoprotein lipase enzyme (LPL) and Apolipoprotein CII (APOCII) gene polymorphisms can be considered as independent genetic risk factors for dyslipidaemia among smokers with various smoking durations. Methods: A total of 185 males (90 smokers and 95 non-smokers)were included in this study, Lipid profiles were measured and DNA was isolated. The LPL-Hind III and APO CII-Ava II polymorphisms were determined using the polymerase reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) technique. Results: For the LPL-Hind IIIpolymorphism H+H+ genotype group, the triglycerides TG and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol VLDL-C concentrations were significantly higher and the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol HDL-C concentration was significantly lower than those of the H–H- genotype. ForAPO CII-Ava II polymorphisms, compared with those of the A2A2 genotype group, the total cholesterol TC, TG, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol LDL-C and VLDL-C concentrations were significantly increased in the A1A2 genotype group, while the HDL-C concentration was significantly decreased. Conclusions: The study revealed that the H+H+ or H + H-genotype of the LPL-Hind III polymorphism and the A1A1or A1A2 genotype of the APOCII-Ava II polymorphism were at higher risk of developing dyslipidaemia compared to the H–H- genotype of the LPL-Hind III polymorphism and A2A2 genotype of the APOCII-Ava II polymorphism.

Rithab Ibrahim Al-Samawi, Thekra A. Al-Kashwan, Abdul Hussein A. Algenabi. J Obes Metab Syndr -0001;0:0-. https://doi.org/10.7570/jomes23064

The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is a vital parameter for dyslipidemia and its associated diseases and assessing cardiac risk. Several anthropometric parameters have been used to reflect obesity-associated risk, but body mass index (BMI) and waist/ hip (W/H) ratio are the most common. Our study aimed to evaluate the correlation between AIP and BMI, waist/ hip W/H ratio and its advantage in predicting dyslipidemia among obese males. The study includes 869 healthy Iraqi males, 415 obese and 454 non-obese males. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) body mass index was 33.00 ± 2.76 kg/m2 for the obese males and 22.49 ± 1.21kg/m2 for the non-obese males. AIP, BMI, W/H and lipid levels were estimated. The study demonstrated that AIP level was significantly correlated with both BMI, Pearson Correlation 0.295** and W/H ratio, Pearson Correlation 0.297**. The study revealed that AIP was significantly and positively associated with BMI and W/H ratio among the study population. Keywords: Obesity; Lipid; Atherogenic index of plasma; Males

Plaque psoriasis: It is the commonest type of psoriasis, a chronic, immune mediated and genetic based dermatoses, characterizing by redness, thickness and scaly plaques occurring most commonly on the elbows, knees, scalp, and lower back, but any skin surface can be involved, has a major impact on quality of life. D3 or cholecalciferol: A fat soluble vitamin that has many important and vital roles for normal body physiological activities. Certain types of food in addition to dietary supplements and exposure to sun UVB radiation are sources for this vitamin. Clobetasol: It is the perfect of topical corticosteroids, works as anti-inflammatory, anti-pruritic and vasoconstrictive properties, and reduces the activity of immune system and is currently used to treat hyperproliferation or inflammatory for plaque psoriasis. Salicylic acid: It is a keratolytic agent, acted as a scale pulley, helpful to smoothing and eradicate psoriasis scales. Complete Blood Count (CBC and Erythrocytes Sedimentation Rate (ESR). Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI): is a widely used appliance in psoriasis tribunals that judges and grades the sternness of psoriatic lesions and the patient’s reaction to treatment. Aim: To explore the impact of adding urea to salicylic acid and clobetasol combination in improving their antipsoriatic activity in patients with mild to moderate plaque psoriasis, to control signs and symptoms of this disease and to improve the quality of life. Materials and Method: This study includes 100 samples divided two groups of plaque psoriasis patients whose severity of psoriasis ranges from mild to moderate. A formula containing clobetasol and salicylic acid is given to the first group of plaque psoriasis patients (Control), and a formula containing clobetasol and salicylic acid in addition to Vitamin D3 is given to the second group of patient’s plaque psoriasis (case). The levels of lymphocytes, erythrocytes sedimentation rate (ESR) was measured, and the Score was calculated for both groups and compared with the time and drug response rate for both groups. Results: The study included 100 psoriatic patients divided to 63 were female and 37 were male. The ages of the patients ranged from 20-65 years. The WBC, lymphocytes, ESR and PASI mark were resolute before the treatment for control and case groups to be non-significant (P> 0.03, 0.09, 0.52 and 0.32). WBC and Lymphocytes, ESR and PASI score values were lower after adding vitamin D3 to the regimen of salicylic acid and clobetasol than without adding D3 to be significant (P> 0.00, 0.01, 0.02 and 0.00). Conclusion: It was found that concomitant management with vitamin D3 enhances the effectiveness of topical treatment (salicylic acid & clobetasol) as anti-psoriatic effect and reduces the time required for treatment. The signs and indicators of plaque psoriasis were controlled and the quality of life improved

Introduction: Non-specific ST–T (NST) wave abnormalities are frequently encountered on resting ECG, yet their clinical relevance remains debated. This study evaluated myocardial perfusion and left ventricular function using Gated-SPECT in patients with isolated NST abnormalities compared to those with normal ECGs. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 226 patients referred for MPI were enrolled (normal ECG: n = 113; isolated NST: n = 113). Patients with BBBs, ventricular pacing, pre-excitation, significant arrhythmias, and LVH with strain were excluded. Semi-quantitative perfusion scores, defect extent, and Gated-SPECT functional parameters were assessed. Multivariable logistic and linear regressions were performed to adjust for cardiovascular risk factors Results: Typical chest pain was more prevalent in the normal ECG group (12.4% vs. 0.9%, p < 0.001), while atypical symptoms predominated in the NST group (75.2% vs.<4%, p < 0.001). Perfusion scores (SSS, SRS, SDS) and defect extent were significantly higher in the NST group (p < 0.001). Patients with NST changes demonstrated significantly lower LVEF (65.13 ± 12.67% vs. 70.72 ± 12.50%, p = 0.001) and lower PFR (2.52 ± 1.17 vs. 2.87 ± 1.10 EDV/s, p = 0.021). After multivariable adjustment, isolated NST changes independently predicted the presence of perfusion defects (SSS ≥ 4; OR = 4.87, 95% CI: 2.58–9.21, p < 0.001) and higher SSS (β = 3.12, 95% CI: 2.04–4.20, p < 0.001) Discussion: Patients with isolated non-specific ECG changes showed worse perfusion abnormalities and lower PFR, while ventricular functional indices remained largely unchanged. Conclusion: Isolated NST abnormalities are independently associated with myocardial perfusion defects and subtle left ventricular functional impairment. In symptomatic patients, NST changes should prompt further non-invasive evaluation, where Gated-SPECT serves as an effective risk-stratification tool