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Hyunseung Hwang
Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea

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Journal article
Published: 23 June 2021 in Scientia Horticulturae
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Strawberry plants are at risk of exposure to short-term high daytime temperature (HTD) during flowering and exposure to short-term low temperature at night (LTN) during the coldest months of winter. The aim of this study was to identify the effects of short-term HTD or LTN on the different floral developments and fruit development, such as fruit malformation, flowering traits, stigma maturation, and pollen quality in ‘Seolhyang’ and ‘Maehyang’ strawberries. For the treatment of HTD, plants were treated at 35 °C, and for LTN treatment, plants were treated at 2 °C for consecutive days each. Days to flowering were shortened under HTD in both cultivars, while days to anther dehiscence were shortened under HTD. Stigma maturation was delayed by short-term extreme temperature stress in ‘Maehyang’. Short-term LTN before the flower petals appeared in the first and second flower clusters might cause high malformation rates in both cultivars. Pollen viability and the germination rate were decreased by HTD and LTN in both cultivars. There was a high correlation between the lower pollen germination rate and the higher percentage of malformed fruits under short-term LTN. These results suggest that even short-term exposure to low temperature in winter during cultivation should be controlled carefully considering developmental stages and cultivar-specific responses and that attention should be paid to the protection of strawberries.

ACS Style

Meiyan Cui; Minh Duy Pham; Hyunseung Hwang; Changhoo Chun. Flower development and fruit malformation in strawberries after short-term exposure to high or low temperature. Scientia Horticulturae 2021, 288, 110308 .

AMA Style

Meiyan Cui, Minh Duy Pham, Hyunseung Hwang, Changhoo Chun. Flower development and fruit malformation in strawberries after short-term exposure to high or low temperature. Scientia Horticulturae. 2021; 288 ():110308.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Meiyan Cui; Minh Duy Pham; Hyunseung Hwang; Changhoo Chun. 2021. "Flower development and fruit malformation in strawberries after short-term exposure to high or low temperature." Scientia Horticulturae 288, no. : 110308.

Journal article
Published: 08 May 2021 in Horticulturae
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Air temperature and light conditions are important factors not only to produce high-quality seedlings but also to promote energy efficiency in a plant factory with artificial lighting. In this study, we conducted two experiments in order to investigate the favorable conditions of air temperature, light intensity and photoperiod for the production of cucumber scions and rootstocks in a plant factory with artificial lighting. Cucumber scions and rootstocks were cultivated in two combined treatments: the combination of three different levels of difference between the day and night temperature (DIF), 25/20, 26/18 and 27/16 °C and five different light intensity conditions of photosynthetic photon flux, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 μmol·m−2·s−1 was set for the first experiment, and the combination of three different photoperiod conditions, 12, 16 and 20 h·d−1 and five different light intensity conditions, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 μmol·m−2·s−1 was set for the second experiment. In the air temperature and light intensity treatments, the hypocotyl elongation of cucumber scions and rootstocks was affected more largely by light intensity than DIF. The highest DIF treatment (27/16 °C) affected negatively on the accumulation of dry mass. On the contrary, the smallest DIF treatment (25/20 °C) was favorable for seedling growth due to lesser stress by rapid change of air temperature between photo- and dark-period. In the photoperiod and light intensity treatments, an increased DLI (daily light integral) promoted the growth of scions and rootstocks. Under the same DLI condition, the growth of scions and rootstocks increased with increasing photoperiod and decreasing light intensity. In both of experiments, while the dry weight increased with increasing the light intensity, the light use efficiencies were reduced by increasing the light intensity. Considering the growth and quality of seedlings and energy efficiency, the optimal environment conditions were represented by 25/20 °C of air temperature, 150 μmol·m−2·s−1 of light intensity and 16 h·d−1 of photoperiod.

ACS Style

Sewoong An; Hyunseung Hwang; Changhoo Chun; Yoonah Jang; Hee Lee; Seung Wi; Kyung-Hwan Yeo; In-Ho Yu; Yurina Kwack. Evaluation of Air Temperature, Photoperiod and Light Intensity Conditions to Produce Cucumber Scions and Rootstocks in a Plant Factory with Artificial Lighting. Horticulturae 2021, 7, 102 .

AMA Style

Sewoong An, Hyunseung Hwang, Changhoo Chun, Yoonah Jang, Hee Lee, Seung Wi, Kyung-Hwan Yeo, In-Ho Yu, Yurina Kwack. Evaluation of Air Temperature, Photoperiod and Light Intensity Conditions to Produce Cucumber Scions and Rootstocks in a Plant Factory with Artificial Lighting. Horticulturae. 2021; 7 (5):102.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sewoong An; Hyunseung Hwang; Changhoo Chun; Yoonah Jang; Hee Lee; Seung Wi; Kyung-Hwan Yeo; In-Ho Yu; Yurina Kwack. 2021. "Evaluation of Air Temperature, Photoperiod and Light Intensity Conditions to Produce Cucumber Scions and Rootstocks in a Plant Factory with Artificial Lighting." Horticulturae 7, no. 5: 102.

Journal article
Published: 21 December 2020 in Horticulturae
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Although light-emitting diode (LED) lamps have been broadly applied in horticultural production to improve plant yield and quality, compared to natural light there is a disadvantage in the lack of far-red light in the LED spectrum. Far-red light has been studied widely to control plant growth and development. Therefore, this study aimed to find the effect of supplemental far-red-enriched LED lights to control the growth of tomato, red pepper, cucumber, gourd, watermelon and bottle gourd seedlings. The treatments were cool white LED:far-red LED at ratios of 5:0, 5:1, 5:2 and 5:3. The growth of tomato and red pepper seedlings, including hypocotyl length, was correlated to far-red light and light intensity. The phytochrome photostationary state (PSS) value of maximum hypocotyl length by supplemental far-red-enriched light ranged from 0.69 to 0.77 in tomato and red pepper seedlings. Although hypocotyl lengths of cucumber and watermelon were greatly affected by PSS, the PSS value for maximum hypocotyl length was lower than for tomato and red pepper. These results show that manipulating supplemental far-red enrichment can be used to control vegetable seedling growth with some variation among plant species.

ACS Style

Hyunseung Hwang; Sewoong An; Byungkwan Lee; Changhoo Chun. Improvement of Growth and Morphology of Vegetable Seedlings with Supplemental Far-Red Enriched LED Lights in a Plant Factory. Horticulturae 2020, 6, 109 .

AMA Style

Hyunseung Hwang, Sewoong An, Byungkwan Lee, Changhoo Chun. Improvement of Growth and Morphology of Vegetable Seedlings with Supplemental Far-Red Enriched LED Lights in a Plant Factory. Horticulturae. 2020; 6 (4):109.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hyunseung Hwang; Sewoong An; Byungkwan Lee; Changhoo Chun. 2020. "Improvement of Growth and Morphology of Vegetable Seedlings with Supplemental Far-Red Enriched LED Lights in a Plant Factory." Horticulturae 6, no. 4: 109.

Journal article
Published: 27 November 2020 in Sustainability
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Understanding environmental factors is essential to maximizing the biomass production of plants. There have been many studies on the effects of the photosynthetic photon flux (PPF), photoperiod and air temperature as separate factors affecting plants, including under a closed transplant production system (CTPS). However, few studies have investigated the combined effects of these factors on plant growth. Germinated tomato and red pepper seedlings were transferred to three different photoperiods with five different photosynthetic photon fluxes (PPFs) at an air temperature of 25/20 °C to investigate plant growth under a different daily light integral (DLI). Three different air temperatures, 23/20, 25/20, and 27/20 °C (photo/dark periods), with five different PPFs were used to examine plant growth under different DIFs (difference between the day and night temperature). Increasing the DLI from 4.32 to 21.60 mol·m−2·d−1, either by increasing the photoperiod or PPF, improved the growth of seedlings in both cultivars. However, when comparing treatments that provided the same DLI, tomato seedlings had s significantly higher growth when grown under longer photoperiods and s lower PPF. Even in higher DLI conditions, reduced growth due to higher PPF indicated that excessive light energy was a limiting factor. At 23 and 25 °C, tomato seedlings showed similar correlation curves between growth and PPF. However, at the higher temperature of 27 °C, while the slope of the curve at low PPFs was similar to that of the curves at lower temperatures, the slope at high PPFs was flatter. On the other hand, red pepper seedlings displayed the same correlation curve between growth and PPF at all tested temperatures, and red pepper plants accumulated more dry weight even at higher temperatures. These results suggested that the combination effect was more useful to observe these overall tendencies, especially in reacting to a second factor. This will provide us with more information and a deeper understanding of plant characteristics and how they will behave under changing environments.

ACS Style

Hyunseung Hwang; Sewoong An; Minh Pham; Meiyan Cui; Changhoo Chun. The Combined Conditions of Photoperiod, Light Intensity, and Air Temperature Control the Growth and Development of Tomato and Red Pepper Seedlings in a Closed Transplant Production System. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9939 .

AMA Style

Hyunseung Hwang, Sewoong An, Minh Pham, Meiyan Cui, Changhoo Chun. The Combined Conditions of Photoperiod, Light Intensity, and Air Temperature Control the Growth and Development of Tomato and Red Pepper Seedlings in a Closed Transplant Production System. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (23):9939.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hyunseung Hwang; Sewoong An; Minh Pham; Meiyan Cui; Changhoo Chun. 2020. "The Combined Conditions of Photoperiod, Light Intensity, and Air Temperature Control the Growth and Development of Tomato and Red Pepper Seedlings in a Closed Transplant Production System." Sustainability 12, no. 23: 9939.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2019 in Plant Physiology and Biochemistry
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The induction of leaf injuries, including leaf chlorosis and epinasty, by continuous light in tomato plants is one of the most interesting and mysterious phenomena regarding plant interactions with light, the mechanism of which has not yet been revealed. To gain further insights into this particular response of tomato plants, we cultivated tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Momotaro) for 14 days under continuous light with different ratios of red and blue light and compared their performance to those grown under continuous or 14/10-h photoperiodic white light using novel methods to quantitatively evaluate the level of leaf chlorosis and epinasty. Continuous monochromatic blue light induced severe chlorosis but almost completely alleviated epinasty in tomato leaf. In contrast, continuous monochromatic red light caused a lower level of leaf chlorosis but very severe epinasty. The combination of red and blue light at different ratios significantly reduced both leaf chlorosis and epinasty under continuous light condition. Carbohydrate contents showed no correlation with leaf chlorosis, while glucose and fructose contents showed correlations with the petiole and leaflet curvatures. Histochemical staining with 3,3'-diaminobenzidine and nitro blue tetrazodium chloride also did not reveal any significant buildup of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion in monochromatic blue light treatment. Taken together, these results suggest that chlorosis and epinasty are two distinctive leaf injuries caused by continuous light that may follow very different mechanisms, and an overaccumulation of carbohydrates in the leaf may not be the main cause of continuous light-induced leaf chlorosis in tomato.

ACS Style

Minh Duy Pham; Hyunseung Hwang; Seon Woo Park; Meiyan Cui; Hyein Lee; Changhoo Chun. Leaf chlorosis, epinasty, carbohydrate contents and growth of tomato show different responses to the red/blue wavelength ratio under continuous light. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 2019, 141, 477 -486.

AMA Style

Minh Duy Pham, Hyunseung Hwang, Seon Woo Park, Meiyan Cui, Hyein Lee, Changhoo Chun. Leaf chlorosis, epinasty, carbohydrate contents and growth of tomato show different responses to the red/blue wavelength ratio under continuous light. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 2019; 141 ():477-486.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Minh Duy Pham; Hyunseung Hwang; Seon Woo Park; Meiyan Cui; Hyein Lee; Changhoo Chun. 2019. "Leaf chlorosis, epinasty, carbohydrate contents and growth of tomato show different responses to the red/blue wavelength ratio under continuous light." Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 141, no. : 477-486.