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Dr. Margarita Novales
E.T.S. de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad de A Coruña, E-15071 A Coruna, Spain

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0 Light Rail
0 Sustainable mobility
0 transit
0 Railway Engineering
0 transport planning

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transit
Bus with high level of service

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Journal article
Published: 31 May 2021 in Sustainability
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Ecological footprint (EF) determines the area of ecologically productive territory necessary to produce the resources utilised and to assimilate the waste produced by a given population over a year. Knowing your own EF is the first step in planning and implementing policies to reduce it. Considering that transport is a significant component of the impact of human activity on the environment, this study calculates the EF of the CO2 emissions associated with person mobility (EFM) at the University of A Coruña (UDC). The results presented are based on statistical inference from surveys conducted in 2008, 2016, and 2020. The period 2008–2016 coincides with the effects of the economic crisis, and 2020 with those of the COVID-19 pandemic. The EFM of UDC in 2016 was 2177 global hectares (gha), 148 times its biocapacity. Ninety-two percent of it was generated by car trips. Policies to reduce the environmental impact of mobility should focus on reducing car use. This study analyzes various factors of variability. The EFM per capita of the commutes from the place of residence to the UDC campuses grew between 2008 and 2020 by 17%. The results obtained are compared with those of other nearby universities and around the world.

ACS Style

Jose-Benito Perez-Lopez; Alfonso Orro; Margarita Novales. Environmental Impact of Mobility in Higher-Education Institutions: The Case of the Ecological Footprint at the University of A Coruña (Spain). Sustainability 2021, 13, 6190 .

AMA Style

Jose-Benito Perez-Lopez, Alfonso Orro, Margarita Novales. Environmental Impact of Mobility in Higher-Education Institutions: The Case of the Ecological Footprint at the University of A Coruña (Spain). Sustainability. 2021; 13 (11):6190.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jose-Benito Perez-Lopez; Alfonso Orro; Margarita Novales. 2021. "Environmental Impact of Mobility in Higher-Education Institutions: The Case of the Ecological Footprint at the University of A Coruña (Spain)." Sustainability 13, no. 11: 6190.

Journal article
Published: 03 September 2020 in Sustainability
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The COVID–19 pandemic led to restrictions on activities and mobility in many parts of the world. After the main peak of the crisis, restrictions were gradually removed, returning to a new normal situation. This process has impacted urban mobility. The limited information on the new normal situation shows changes that can be permanent or reversible. The impact on the diverse urban transport modes varies. This study analyzes the changes in transit ridership by line, the use of stops, the main origin–destination flows, changes in transit supply, operation time, and reliability of the city bus network of A Coruña. It is based on data from automatic vehicle location, bus stop boarding, and smart card use. Data from the first half of 2020 were compared to similar data in 2017–2019, defining suitable baselines for each analysis to avoid seasonal and day of week effects. The impact on transit ridership during the lockdown process was more significant than that on general traffic. In the new normal situation, the general traffic and the shared bike system recovered a higher percentage of their previous use than the bus system. These impacts are not uniform across the bus network.

ACS Style

Alfonso Orro; Margarita Novales; Ángel Monteagudo; José-Benito Pérez-López; Miguel Bugarín. Impact on City Bus Transit Services of the COVID–19 Lockdown and Return to the New Normal: The Case of A Coruña (Spain). Sustainability 2020, 12, 7206 .

AMA Style

Alfonso Orro, Margarita Novales, Ángel Monteagudo, José-Benito Pérez-López, Miguel Bugarín. Impact on City Bus Transit Services of the COVID–19 Lockdown and Return to the New Normal: The Case of A Coruña (Spain). Sustainability. 2020; 12 (17):7206.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alfonso Orro; Margarita Novales; Ángel Monteagudo; José-Benito Pérez-López; Miguel Bugarín. 2020. "Impact on City Bus Transit Services of the COVID–19 Lockdown and Return to the New Normal: The Case of A Coruña (Spain)." Sustainability 12, no. 17: 7206.

Article
Published: 20 March 2020 in Networks and Spatial Economics
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Residential location choice (RLC) predicts where and how people choose their residential location in the framework of land use–transport interaction models (LUTI). This paper seeks an efficient RLC model in the context of irregular zoning of location alternatives. The main current proposals in the field are discrete choice models. In RLC modeling, the alternatives are spatial units, and spatially correlated logit (SCL) is an efficient approach when the analyst cannot pre-define groups of alternatives that efficiently reflect the systematic substitution patterns among the alternatives. The SCL uses the spatial information on the contiguity of the zones to determine spatial correlation among the alternatives. Urban residential location choice usually uses administrative zoning, which is very irregular in many cities (mainly historic cities); however, SCL is not efficient in this context owing to the limitations of the binary contiguity spatial variable employed as a spatial correlation metric (SCM). This paper proposes an extension of the mixed SCL model, with an SCM based on the proportion of common border length in contiguous zones, which is more efficient in the irregular urban zoning context. The proposed model is applied to an urban case study of LUTI RLC modeling with irregular zoning, based on the administrative divisions of the city of Santander (Spain) and is shown to be empirically more efficient than the previous approaches.

ACS Style

José-Benito Pérez-López; Margarita Novales; Francisco-Alberto Varela-García; Alfonso Orro. Residential Location Econometric Choice Modeling with Irregular Zoning: Common Border Spatial Correlation Metric. Networks and Spatial Economics 2020, 20, 785 -802.

AMA Style

José-Benito Pérez-López, Margarita Novales, Francisco-Alberto Varela-García, Alfonso Orro. Residential Location Econometric Choice Modeling with Irregular Zoning: Common Border Spatial Correlation Metric. Networks and Spatial Economics. 2020; 20 (3):785-802.

Chicago/Turabian Style

José-Benito Pérez-López; Margarita Novales; Francisco-Alberto Varela-García; Alfonso Orro. 2020. "Residential Location Econometric Choice Modeling with Irregular Zoning: Common Border Spatial Correlation Metric." Networks and Spatial Economics 20, no. 3: 785-802.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2019 in Safety Science
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ACS Style

Margarita Novales; Dominique Bertrand; Laetitia Fontaine. A proposed new approach to light rail safety management in Spain and other countries. Safety Science 2019, 118, 740 -751.

AMA Style

Margarita Novales, Dominique Bertrand, Laetitia Fontaine. A proposed new approach to light rail safety management in Spain and other countries. Safety Science. 2019; 118 ():740-751.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Margarita Novales; Dominique Bertrand; Laetitia Fontaine. 2019. "A proposed new approach to light rail safety management in Spain and other countries." Safety Science 118, no. : 740-751.

Conference paper
Published: 07 June 2016 in Libro de Actas CIT2016. XII Congreso de Ingeniería del Transporte
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La COST Action 1103: “Operation and safety of tramways in interaction with public space”,desarrollada entre 2011 y 2015, tenía como objetivo alcanzar un mejor entendimiento de laseguridad del metro ligero en su relación con el espacio urbano.Durante la Acción se puso de manifiesto que los diferentes sistemas de metro ligero europeostienen filosofías totalmente distintas entre ellos. Algunas redes prestan más atención a laprotección del sistema, con un planteamiento cercano al del ferrocarril convencional. Otrastratan de conseguir sistemas mejor integrados con la ciudad, facilitando la coexistencia conpeatones y ciclistas en el centro urbano, pero garantizando en cualquier caso la capacidad yvelocidad del metro ligero en el área metropolitana.En cualquier caso, a pesar de las particularidades de cada red, los metros ligeros de todo elmundo se enfrentan a retos de seguridad similares, y las soluciones aplicadas en un lugarpueden ser útiles para otras redes de nueva implantación o existentes que se enfrenten a losmismos problemas.En esta ponencia se presentarán algunas de las medidas utilizadas por diferentes metrosligeros europeos para mejorar la seguridad de ciertos puntos diagnosticados previamentecomo puntos conflictivos (a través de los datos de accidentes de los operadores). El origende los datos utilizados es un cuestionario sobre dichos puntos conflictivos realizado durantela Acción, que fue respondido por 24 operadores de toda Europa e Israel.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.3738

ACS Style

Margarita Novales. ESTRATEGIAS PARA MEJORAR LA SEGURIDAD DEL METRO LIGERO A TRAVÉS DE SU INSERCIÓN URBANA. Libro de Actas CIT2016. XII Congreso de Ingeniería del Transporte 2016, 1 .

AMA Style

Margarita Novales. ESTRATEGIAS PARA MEJORAR LA SEGURIDAD DEL METRO LIGERO A TRAVÉS DE SU INSERCIÓN URBANA. Libro de Actas CIT2016. XII Congreso de Ingeniería del Transporte. 2016; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Margarita Novales. 2016. "ESTRATEGIAS PARA MEJORAR LA SEGURIDAD DEL METRO LIGERO A TRAVÉS DE SU INSERCIÓN URBANA." Libro de Actas CIT2016. XII Congreso de Ingeniería del Transporte , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2016 in Transportation Research Procedia
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ACS Style

Laetitia Fontaine; Margarita Novales; Dominique Bertrand; Manuel Teixeira. Safety and Operation of Tramways in Interaction with Public Space. Transportation Research Procedia 2016, 14, 1114 -1123.

AMA Style

Laetitia Fontaine, Margarita Novales, Dominique Bertrand, Manuel Teixeira. Safety and Operation of Tramways in Interaction with Public Space. Transportation Research Procedia. 2016; 14 ():1114-1123.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Laetitia Fontaine; Margarita Novales; Dominique Bertrand; Manuel Teixeira. 2016. "Safety and Operation of Tramways in Interaction with Public Space." Transportation Research Procedia 14, no. : 1114-1123.

Journal article
Published: 29 January 2015 in Transportation
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Studies that link human behaviour to the influence of weather have historically been conducted in such fields as tourism, marketing and leisure. In most studies that jointly examine weather and the mode of transport, only open-air transportation has been considered (for example, bicycle, motorcycle or walking). This focus, together with the habitual use of data collected with automatic devices and a lack of studies that analyse this issue using stated preference data, are the main reasons motivating this paper. This paper aims to analyse the influence of weather and the density of traffic on the choice of transport mode. A case study is conducted in an access/egress corridor located in the city of Barcelona (Spain). Two data sources were used: revealed preference and stated preference data. Modelling techniques using mixed data enabled the stronger features from both data sources to be captured. Finally, we discuss how the selection of different alternative specific constants in models estimated using mixed data could generate unrealistic forecasting results if environmental changes are expected in the actual market.

ACS Style

Javier Anta; José-Benito Pérez-López; Ana Martínez-Pardo; Margarita Novales; Alfonso Orro. Influence of the weather on mode choice in corridors with time-varying congestion: a mixed data study. Transportation 2015, 43, 337 -355.

AMA Style

Javier Anta, José-Benito Pérez-López, Ana Martínez-Pardo, Margarita Novales, Alfonso Orro. Influence of the weather on mode choice in corridors with time-varying congestion: a mixed data study. Transportation. 2015; 43 (2):337-355.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Javier Anta; José-Benito Pérez-López; Ana Martínez-Pardo; Margarita Novales; Alfonso Orro. 2015. "Influence of the weather on mode choice in corridors with time-varying congestion: a mixed data study." Transportation 43, no. 2: 337-355.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2014 in Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board
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This study identified and analyzed the reasons that have led the BusWay of Nantes, France, to be one of the most, if not the most outstanding and successful case of setting up a bus with high level of service (BHLS) system in European cities. The lessons and the conclusions from the study may be applicable to and useful for other sites with similar conditions. The analysis examined the measures that were implemented (infrastructure, vehicles, design of transit service operations, complementary facilities and services, and branding) and the results (level of service in frequencies and operating speed, reliability of schedules, ridership, and traffic safety). Furthermore, as BHLS and light rail transit (LRT) are integrated in the same level of the trunk network in Nantes, the city provided a relatively level playing field to develop an equitable comparison of the two systems. Through the case study of Nantes, the study found that the BHLS system was suitable for meeting demand volumes in the range from 1,000 to 2,500 passengers per hour in one of both directions during peak hours with a level and quality of service very near the LRT, but with more moderate investment costs and higher flexibility.

ACS Style

Emilio Conies; Margarita Novales; Alfonso Orro; Javier Anta. Buses with High Level of Service in Nantes, France. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2014, 2418, 66 -73.

AMA Style

Emilio Conies, Margarita Novales, Alfonso Orro, Javier Anta. Buses with High Level of Service in Nantes, France. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board. 2014; 2418 (1):66-73.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Emilio Conies; Margarita Novales; Alfonso Orro; Javier Anta. 2014. "Buses with High Level of Service in Nantes, France." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2418, no. 1: 66-73.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2013 in Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board
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TRAM Metropolitano de Alicante, a unique, metric (1,000 mm) gage system, was the first Spanish tram–train. Later, it lost its tram–train characteristic (i.e., railway tracks shared with conventional trains) as a result of the evolution of the railway network. Nevertheless, the system still operates in a quasi-tram–train way, because the tram–train vehicle runs partly on railway tracks with a railway signaling system and other railway equipment. This quasi-tram–train operation leads to some specific design issues that are explained in this paper. The paper also presents a thorough description of the Alicante network, its development, its construction and operational costs, its operation, and its demand.

ACS Style

Margarita Novales; Juan Antonio G. Cerezo; Román Ortega. Light Rail in Alicante, Spain. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2013, 2353, 69 -81.

AMA Style

Margarita Novales, Juan Antonio G. Cerezo, Román Ortega. Light Rail in Alicante, Spain. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board. 2013; 2353 (1):69-81.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Margarita Novales; Juan Antonio G. Cerezo; Román Ortega. 2013. "Light Rail in Alicante, Spain." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2353, no. 1: 69-81.

Proceedings article
Published: 14 May 2012 in Urban Transport XVIII
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ACS Style

M. Novales; A. Orro; E. Conles; J. Anta. Medium-capacity transit systems: some reflections about making the right choice. Urban Transport XVIII 2012, 1, 269 -280.

AMA Style

M. Novales, A. Orro, E. Conles, J. Anta. Medium-capacity transit systems: some reflections about making the right choice. Urban Transport XVIII. 2012; 1 ():269-280.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M. Novales; A. Orro; E. Conles; J. Anta. 2012. "Medium-capacity transit systems: some reflections about making the right choice." Urban Transport XVIII 1, no. : 269-280.

Research article
Published: 01 January 2012 in Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board
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Light rail systems are experiencing a revival in several countries. In many new and refurbished networks, turf—or grass—tracks are being used as a means to get a reserved right-of-way that entails enhancements in the city landscape. These tracks can facilitate acceptance of the system by citizens and politicians. The visual impact of turf tracks is only one of their many advantages, which are discussed in this paper. Among the advantages are a reduction in noise and suspended fine particles, the “green lung” effect, improvements in rainwater management and heat island mitigation, and a decrease in the operational and construction costs of the system. This solution has some inconveniences, such as the need for maintenance of vegetation and for rail–environment separation, and additional precautions must be taken to ensure good performance in the long term. There are also limitations, such as the inability of buses and emergency vehicles to travel on turf tracks; additional problems in case of derailment; and possible operational incidents due to irrigation, mowing, and the combination of vegetation waste and sand. This paper focuses on explaining the advantages, inconveniences, and limitations. The intent is to provide a better understanding of the solution and to simplify the decision of whether to use turf tracks in a new light rail system.

ACS Style

Margarita Novales; Emilio Conles. Turf Track for Light Rail Systems. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2012, 2275, 1 -11.

AMA Style

Margarita Novales, Emilio Conles. Turf Track for Light Rail Systems. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board. 2012; 2275 (1):1-11.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Margarita Novales; Emilio Conles. 2012. "Turf Track for Light Rail Systems." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2275, no. 1: 1-11.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2011 in Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board
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ACS Style

Miguel R. Bugarín; Alfonso Orro; Margarita Novales. Geometry of High-Speed Turnouts. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2011, 2261, 64 -72.

AMA Style

Miguel R. Bugarín, Alfonso Orro, Margarita Novales. Geometry of High-Speed Turnouts. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board. 2011; 2261 (1):64-72.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Miguel R. Bugarín; Alfonso Orro; Margarita Novales. 2011. "Geometry of High-Speed Turnouts." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2261, no. 1: 64-72.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2011 in Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board
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ACS Style

Margarita Novales. Light Rail Systems Free of Overhead Wires. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2011, 2219, 30 -37.

AMA Style

Margarita Novales. Light Rail Systems Free of Overhead Wires. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board. 2011; 2219 (1):30-37.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Margarita Novales. 2011. "Light Rail Systems Free of Overhead Wires." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2219, no. 1: 30-37.

Conference paper
Published: 17 September 2010 in AIP Conference Proceedings
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To represent the behavior of travelers when they are deciding how they are going to get to their destination, discrete choice models, based on the random utility theory, have become one of the most widely used tools. The field in which these models were developed was halfway between econometrics and transport engineering, although the latter now constitutes one of their principal areas of application. In the transport field, they have mainly been applied to mode choice, but also to the selection of destination, route, and other important decisions such as the vehicle ownership. In usual practice, the most frequently employed discrete choice models implement a fixed coefficient utility function that is linear in the parameters. The principal aim of this paper is to present the viability of specifying utility functions with random coefficients that are nonlinear in the parameters, in applications of discrete choice models to transport. Nonlinear specifications in the parameters were present in discrete choice theory at its outset, although they have seldom been used in practice until recently. The specification of random coefficients, however, began with the probit and the hedonic models in the 1970s, and, after a period of apparent little practical interest, has burgeoned into a field of intense activity in recent years with the new generation of mixed logit models. In this communication, we present a Box‐Cox mixed logit model, original of the authors. It includes the estimation of the Box‐Cox exponents in addition to the parameters of the random coefficients distribution. Probability of choose an alternative is an integral that will be calculated by simulation. The estimation of the model is carried out by maximizing the simulated log‐likelihood of a sample of observed individual choices between alternatives. The differences between the predictions yielded by models that are inconsistent with real behavior have been studied with simulation experiments.

ACS Style

Alfonso Orro; Margarita Novales; Francisco G. Benitez; Theodore E. Simos; George Psihoyios; Ch. Tsitouras. Box-Cox Mixed Logit Model for Travel Behavior Analysis. AIP Conference Proceedings 2010, 1281, 679 .

AMA Style

Alfonso Orro, Margarita Novales, Francisco G. Benitez, Theodore E. Simos, George Psihoyios, Ch. Tsitouras. Box-Cox Mixed Logit Model for Travel Behavior Analysis. AIP Conference Proceedings. 2010; 1281 (1):679.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alfonso Orro; Margarita Novales; Francisco G. Benitez; Theodore E. Simos; George Psihoyios; Ch. Tsitouras. 2010. "Box-Cox Mixed Logit Model for Travel Behavior Analysis." AIP Conference Proceedings 1281, no. 1: 679.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2010 in Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board
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ACS Style

Margarita Novales; Alfonso Orro; Miguel R. Bugarín. Track Geometry for Light Rail Systems. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2010, 2146, 18 -25.

AMA Style

Margarita Novales, Alfonso Orro, Miguel R. Bugarín. Track Geometry for Light Rail Systems. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board. 2010; 2146 (1):18-25.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Margarita Novales; Alfonso Orro; Miguel R. Bugarín. 2010. "Track Geometry for Light Rail Systems." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2146, no. 1: 18-25.

Conference paper
Published: 01 July 2007 in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit
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Wear is a very important subject for railway administrations. Therefore, it would be of interest to develop a methodology for designing wheel profile geometry in order to improve its behaviour in relation to this subject. Until now, existing approaches of this kind are based on the statistical study of wear wheel profiles, but this do not consider the characteristics of vehicles and railway tracks, and in addition, it is not an option when a vehicle is going to run, for example, over two different types of track over which mixed running has not previously happened. In the current paper, a new general methodology is presented for improving wheel profiles in relation to certain physical phenomena that arise during the running of the vehicle over the tracks. This methodology is based on the genetic algorithm (GA) technique. To show the power of this procedure, it is applied to an application case (of a tram-train in Spain), in which great improvements in the behaviour of wheel profile are achieved. In the light of this application, the importance of definition of indexes which control the evolution of the GA is shown.

ACS Style

Margarita Novales; Alfonso Orro; M R Bugarín. Use of a genetic algorithm to optimize wheel profile geometry. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit 2007, 221, 467 -476.

AMA Style

Margarita Novales, Alfonso Orro, M R Bugarín. Use of a genetic algorithm to optimize wheel profile geometry. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit. 2007; 221 (4):467-476.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Margarita Novales; Alfonso Orro; M R Bugarín. 2007. "Use of a genetic algorithm to optimize wheel profile geometry." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit 221, no. 4: 467-476.

Conference paper
Published: 01 August 2004 in Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Transport
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The provision of rural public transport has always been seen as a matter of competing for scarce public resources. The fundamental problem is that the demand for rural transport is low and the population is widely dispersed. Conventional public transportation solutions are not able to meet the demand efficiently. In this respect, railway transport proves to be particularly inefficient. In Spain there are approximately 2500 km of rural railway lines carrying low traffic volumes. These have traditionally been considered to be loss-making lines. Yet, in principle, this idea is incorrect. This paper looks at some of the techniques currently being successfully applied on rural railway lines that enable considerable savings on operational and maintenance costs to be made. The provision of rural public transport has always been seen as a matter of competing for scarce public resources. The fundamental problem is that the demand for rural transport is low and the population is widely dispersed. Conventional public transportation solutions are not able to meet the demand efficiently. In this respect, railway transport proves to be particularly inefficient. In Spain there are approximately 2500 km of rural railway lines carrying low traffic volumes. These have traditionally been considered to be loss-making lines. Yet, in principle, this idea is incorrect. This paper looks at some of the techniques currently being successfully applied on rural railway lines that enable considerable savings on operational and maintenance costs to be made.

ACS Style

M. R. Bugarín; Margarita Novales; A. Orro. Strategies for the enhancement of rural railways. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Transport 2004, 157, 181 -188.

AMA Style

M. R. Bugarín, Margarita Novales, A. Orro. Strategies for the enhancement of rural railways. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Transport. 2004; 157 (3):181-188.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M. R. Bugarín; Margarita Novales; A. Orro. 2004. "Strategies for the enhancement of rural railways." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Transport 157, no. 3: 181-188.

Conference paper
Published: 01 March 2003 in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit
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ACS Style

Margarita Novales; Alfonso Orro; M R Bugarín. Madrid tram–train feasibility study conclusions. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit 2003, 217, 1 -10.

AMA Style

Margarita Novales, Alfonso Orro, M R Bugarín. Madrid tram–train feasibility study conclusions. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit. 2003; 217 (1):1-10.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Margarita Novales; Alfonso Orro; M R Bugarín. 2003. "Madrid tram–train feasibility study conclusions." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit 217, no. 1: 1-10.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2002 in Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board
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In response to the demand for improved mobility in metropolitan areas, the 1990s saw the development of a new transport system in Europe known as the tram-train. This system is based on using conventional railway lines with a low traffic density to extend urban tram (streetcar) or light rail services without changing vehicles, incorporating them into railway traffic. The tram-train enables a wider range and scope of direct transport services and reduces waiting and transfer time. The operation of light rail vehicles on conventional railway infrastructure requires the solution of numerous technical issues, such as traction power supply system, rolling stock design, gage compatibility, tire and rail profile, structural strength, passenger access, and signaling. Such problems are described and their solution by services now operating, or in advanced planning stages, worldwide is discussed.

ACS Style

Margarita Novales; Alfonso Orro; Miguel R. Bugarin. Tram-Train: New Public Transport System. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2002, 1793, 80 -90.

AMA Style

Margarita Novales, Alfonso Orro, Miguel R. Bugarin. Tram-Train: New Public Transport System. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board. 2002; 1793 (1):80-90.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Margarita Novales; Alfonso Orro; Miguel R. Bugarin. 2002. "Tram-Train: New Public Transport System." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1793, no. 1: 80-90.

Research article
Published: 01 January 2002 in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit
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In response to the demand for improved mobility in metropolitan areas, the 1990s saw the development in Europe of a new transport system known as the tram-train. This system is based on the use of conventional railway lines with a low traffic density in order to extend urban tram or light rail services without the need to change vehicle, incorporating them into railway traffic. This allows for a wider range and scope of direct transport services and reduces waiting times and changes. The operation of light rail vehicles on conventional railway infrastructure involves finding solutions to a number of technical issues such as traction power supply system, rolling stock design, gauge, tyre and rail profile, structural strength, passenger access, signalling, etc. This paper describes these problems and the solutions arrived at by services currently in operation, or in advanced planning stages, worldwide.

ACS Style

Margarita Novales; A Orro; M. R. Bugarin. The tram-train: State of the art. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit 2002, 216, 1 -13.

AMA Style

Margarita Novales, A Orro, M. R. Bugarin. The tram-train: State of the art. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit. 2002; 216 (1):1-13.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Margarita Novales; A Orro; M. R. Bugarin. 2002. "The tram-train: State of the art." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit 216, no. 1: 1-13.