Due the concern about serious environmental pollution and fossil energy consumption, introducing solar generation into ship power systems has drawn greater attention. However, the penetration of solar energy will result in ship power system instability caused by the uncertainties of the solar irradiation. Unlike on land, the power generated by photovoltaic (PV) modules on the shipboard changes as the ship rolls. In this paper, a high-speed flywheel energy storage system (FESS) is modeled to smooth the PV power fluctuations and improve the power quality on a large oil tanker which contains a PV generation system, a diesel generator, a FESS, and various types of ship loads. Furthermore, constant torque angle control method combined with sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) approach is proposed to control the FESS charging and discharging. Different ship operating situations and the impact of the ship rolling is taken into consideration. The simulation results demonstrate the high efficiency and fast response of the flywheel energy storage system to enhance the stability of the proposed hybrid ship power system.

Renewable energy ship was regarded as one of the ship energy technologies with a good prospect. In order to study the application of solar and wind energy on ships in the marine environment and the impact of ship rolling on the system, the feasibility of applying solar energy and wind energy to ships was analyzed, and the structural composition of ship power system incorporating renewable energy source was studied. The model of the ship power system integrated with renewable energy was built in PSCAD/EMTDC simulation software. The layout of wind power generation system and photovoltaic power generation system was given for the actual ship, and the ship parameters and specific parameters of each simulation module were determined. It can be seen that the rolling of ship will cause fluctuations in the grid-connected power of the photovoltaic power generation system and the wind power generation system from the comparison of the simulation curves. Finally, a simulation experiment is provided to prove the access of the battery can well suppress the grid-connected power fluctuation caused by the rolling of the ship, which has an important impact on the stability of the ship power system with renewable energy.

This study optimizes the tilt angle of photovoltaic (PV) panels on a large oil tanker ship system and considers the impact of partial shading to improve the performance of the PV system. This work presents a novel method that considers the difference between the expected and real outputs of PV modules to optimize the size of energy storage system (ESS). The method also takes into account the cost of wasted power, the capital cost of the system, fuel cost and the CO₂ emissions. Unlike on land, power generation using a PV on a ship depends on the date, latitude and longitude of the navigation. Accordingly, this work considers a route from Dalian in China to Aden in Yemen, accounting for the seasonal and geographical variations of solar irradiation. This proposed method adopts five conditions associated with the navigation route to model the total shipload. Various cases are discussed in detail to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.