This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.
The aim of this research was to present the changes in biomass production, especially pellets in Poland, in the context of world’s and European Union’s (EU) climate and energy policy, compared to other renewable energy sources. We also analyzed the law concerning the biomass production in the EU. Finally, we have elaborated the prognosis of the pellet production on the world scale. We have used different methods to achieve the goals, among which the most important are the Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH model) and prognosis. We also compared the results of pellet production in different countries in the European Union. The results were presented in tabular and graphic form. We have received the data from Eurostat and the Main Statistical Office (MSO) in Poland. Our research proves the increase of biomass and pellet production on the global scale. Moreover, global wood pellet production increased by 972% in the years 2005–2018. We can conclude that this increase was the result of increasing demand for renewable energy sources. The first research hypothesis assumed that the changes in the European Union Policy have impacted the increase of biomass production in the world. Our prognosis confirmed the second hypothesis that the development of pellets will increase as the result of increasing global demand. The use of more renewable energy sources is necessary to decrease the degradation of the environment.
Aneta Bełdycka-Bórawska; Piotr Bórawski; Michał Borychowski; Rafał Wyszomierski; Marek Bórawski; Tomasz Rokicki; Luiza Ochnio; Krzysztof Jankowski; Bartosz Mickiewicz; James Dunn. Development of Solid Biomass Production in Poland, Especially Pellet, in the Context of the World’s and the European Union’s Climate and Energy Policies. Energies 2021, 14, 3587 .
AMA StyleAneta Bełdycka-Bórawska, Piotr Bórawski, Michał Borychowski, Rafał Wyszomierski, Marek Bórawski, Tomasz Rokicki, Luiza Ochnio, Krzysztof Jankowski, Bartosz Mickiewicz, James Dunn. Development of Solid Biomass Production in Poland, Especially Pellet, in the Context of the World’s and the European Union’s Climate and Energy Policies. Energies. 2021; 14 (12):3587.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAneta Bełdycka-Bórawska; Piotr Bórawski; Michał Borychowski; Rafał Wyszomierski; Marek Bórawski; Tomasz Rokicki; Luiza Ochnio; Krzysztof Jankowski; Bartosz Mickiewicz; James Dunn. 2021. "Development of Solid Biomass Production in Poland, Especially Pellet, in the Context of the World’s and the European Union’s Climate and Energy Policies." Energies 14, no. 12: 3587.
The main purpose of the study was to identify the level and factors influencing investments in renewable energy sources (RES) in basic local government units in rural areas. The specific objectives were to define the conditions for the development of renewable energy sources in Poland, to determine the directions of changes as well as the importance of renewable energy in Poland, to present the relationship between the level of expenditure on renewable energy and budget components in rural and rural-urban communes. The Świętokrzyskie voivodeship (Voivodship—a unit of the highest administration level in Poland, since 1990 a unit of the primary territorial division of government administration, since 1999 also a unit of local government, there were 16 voivodships in Poland), which is one of the centrally located voivodeships in Poland, was purposefully selected for the research. The research period covered the years 2016–2019. The sources of materials were the literature on the subject, as well as empirical materials obtained at the Voivodeship Statistical Office. The following methods were used for the analysis and presentation of materials: descriptive, tabular, graphical, Gini concentration coefficient, Lorenz concentration curve, Kendall’s tau correlation coefficient and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Poland is one of the countries with quite high dependence on hard and brown coal. Changes in the structure of energy sources are slow. Investments in renewable energy are necessary. The problem in this respect is the lack of a proper law. Despite this, investments in renewable energy are being made in rural areas. In the Świętokrzyskie voivodeship, only 28% of communes made such investments. It was found that only in urban rural communes the amount of investment expenditures in renewable energy sources was related to the level of budget expenditures and property expenditures of the commune. The amount of support from the European Union aid funds was positively correlated with the level of expenditure on investments in renewable energy. Therefore, it can be concluded that without the support from EU funds, it is not possible to invest in renewable energy in local government units.
Bogdan Klepacki; Barbara Kusto; Piotr Bórawski; Aneta Bełdycka-Bórawska; Konrad Michalski; Aleksandra Perkowska; Tomasz Rokicki. Investments in Renewable Energy Sources in Basic Units of Local Government in Rural Areas. Energies 2021, 14, 3170 .
AMA StyleBogdan Klepacki, Barbara Kusto, Piotr Bórawski, Aneta Bełdycka-Bórawska, Konrad Michalski, Aleksandra Perkowska, Tomasz Rokicki. Investments in Renewable Energy Sources in Basic Units of Local Government in Rural Areas. Energies. 2021; 14 (11):3170.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBogdan Klepacki; Barbara Kusto; Piotr Bórawski; Aneta Bełdycka-Bórawska; Konrad Michalski; Aleksandra Perkowska; Tomasz Rokicki. 2021. "Investments in Renewable Energy Sources in Basic Units of Local Government in Rural Areas." Energies 14, no. 11: 3170.
The paper’s main purpose was to identify the level and factors influencing the consumption of bioenergy of agricultural origin in agriculture in EU countries. All EU countries were deliberately selected for research, as of 31 December 2018. The research period covered the years 2004 to 2018. The sources of materials were the subject literature, Eurostat data, and IEA (International Energy Agency) data. The following methods were used for the analysis and presentation of materials: descriptive, tabular, graphical, Gini concentration coefficient, Lorenz concentration curve, descriptive statistics, Kendall’s tau correlation coefficient and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. In the EU, there was a high level of concentration of renewable energy consumption in several countries. There was also no change in the use of bioenergy of agricultural origin in agriculture, but the concentration level was low. The degree of concentration has not changed for both parameters of renewable energy over a dozen or so years, which proves a similar pace of development of the use of renewable energy sources in individual EU countries. Higher consumption of bioenergy of agricultural origin in agriculture was shown to occur in economically developed countries, but with high agricultural production. There was a strong correlation between the consumption of bioenergy of agricultural origin in agriculture for the entire EU and individual economic parameters in the field of energy and agriculture. The relations were positive for all economic parameters, for total renewables and biofuels consumption and for agricultural production parameters. Negative relations concerned the total energy consumption and parameters related to the area of agricultural crops.
Tomasz Rokicki; Marcin Ratajczak; Piotr Bórawski; Aneta Bełdycka-Bórawska; Barbara Gradziuk; Piotr Gradziuk; Agnieszka Siedlecka. Energy Self-Subsistence of Agriculture in EU Countries. Energies 2021, 14, 3014 .
AMA StyleTomasz Rokicki, Marcin Ratajczak, Piotr Bórawski, Aneta Bełdycka-Bórawska, Barbara Gradziuk, Piotr Gradziuk, Agnieszka Siedlecka. Energy Self-Subsistence of Agriculture in EU Countries. Energies. 2021; 14 (11):3014.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomasz Rokicki; Marcin Ratajczak; Piotr Bórawski; Aneta Bełdycka-Bórawska; Barbara Gradziuk; Piotr Gradziuk; Agnieszka Siedlecka. 2021. "Energy Self-Subsistence of Agriculture in EU Countries." Energies 14, no. 11: 3014.
Organic milk production is an environmentally friendly production system based on local forage and a ban on using chemical fertilizers and certain other rules. Organic milk is considered to be healthier and is gaining attention worldwide. The market for organic products is increasing. The aim of the paper was to analyze changes in the development of organic dairy production in Poland in the context of the EU. We analyzed the changes on the European Union (EU) level and the Poland level. To analyze the changes in organic milk production on European Union level, we used the autoregressive integrated moving average model (ARIMA). Our results show that both organic milk production and the farm area used for organic production will increase. Moreover, we analyzed the organic dairy farms running rural accountancy within the Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) in Poland in the years 2007–2018. We used tabular and graphic methods to present the data. In the analysis the methods of correlation and regression were used. Germany, France, Austria, and Great Britain are the countries with the largest numbers of organic dairy cows. Our prognosis examined the development of organic milk production in the European Union (EU). The number of cows on dairy organic farms will increase in most countries in the EU. Then, we analyzed the impact of the chosen factors on three dependent variables: organic milk production, total production of organic dairy farms, and income from family farms. The most important independent variables were cow numbers, the value of fixed assets, the value of current assets, long-term debt, and short-term debt.
Piotr Bórawski; Marek Bórawski; Andrzej Parzonko; Ludwik Wicki; Tomasz Rokicki; Aleksandra Perkowska; James Dunn. Development of Organic Milk Production in Poland on the Background of the EU. Agriculture 2021, 11, 323 .
AMA StylePiotr Bórawski, Marek Bórawski, Andrzej Parzonko, Ludwik Wicki, Tomasz Rokicki, Aleksandra Perkowska, James Dunn. Development of Organic Milk Production in Poland on the Background of the EU. Agriculture. 2021; 11 (4):323.
Chicago/Turabian StylePiotr Bórawski; Marek Bórawski; Andrzej Parzonko; Ludwik Wicki; Tomasz Rokicki; Aleksandra Perkowska; James Dunn. 2021. "Development of Organic Milk Production in Poland on the Background of the EU." Agriculture 11, no. 4: 323.
The paper’s main purpose was to identify and present the current situation and changes in energy consumption in agriculture in the European Union (EU) countries. The specific objectives were the determination of the degree of concentration of energy consumption in agriculture in the EU countries, showing the directions of their changes, types of energy used, and changes in this respect, establishing the correlation between energy consumption and changes in the economic and agricultural situation in the EU countries. All member states of the European Union were deliberately selected for research on 31 December 2018 (28 countries). The research period covered the years 2005–2018. The sources of materials were the literature on the subject, and data from Eurostat. Descriptive, tabular, and graphical methods were used to analyze and present materials, dynamics indicators with a stable base, Gini concentration coefficient, concentration analysis using the Lorenz curve, coefficient of variation, Kendall’s tau correlation coefficient, and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. A high concentration of energy consumption in agriculture was found in several EU countries, the largest in countries with the largest agricultural sector, i.e., France and Poland. There were practically no changes in the concentration level. Only in the case of renewable energy, a gradual decrease in concentration was visible. More and more countries developed technologies that allow the use of this type of energy. However, the EU countries differed in terms of the structure of the energy sources used. The majority of the basis was liquid fuels, while stable and gaseous fuels were abandoned in favor of electricity and renewable sources—according to which, in the EU countries, the research hypothesis was confirmed: a gradual diversification of energy sources used in agriculture, with a systematic increase in the importance of renewable energy sources. The second research hypothesis was also confirmed, according to which the increase in the consumption of renewable energy in agriculture is closely related to the economy’s parameters. The use of renewable energy is necessary and results from concern for the natural environment. Therefore, economic factors may have a smaller impact.
Tomasz Rokicki; Aleksandra Perkowska; Bogdan Klepacki; Piotr Bórawski; Aneta Bełdycka-Bórawska; Konrad Michalski. Changes in Energy Consumption in Agriculture in the EU Countries. Energies 2021, 14, 1570 .
AMA StyleTomasz Rokicki, Aleksandra Perkowska, Bogdan Klepacki, Piotr Bórawski, Aneta Bełdycka-Bórawska, Konrad Michalski. Changes in Energy Consumption in Agriculture in the EU Countries. Energies. 2021; 14 (6):1570.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomasz Rokicki; Aleksandra Perkowska; Bogdan Klepacki; Piotr Bórawski; Aneta Bełdycka-Bórawska; Konrad Michalski. 2021. "Changes in Energy Consumption in Agriculture in the EU Countries." Energies 14, no. 6: 1570.
The main purpose of the paper was to present the energy balance in the EU countries. The specific objectives were to show the concentration and directions of changes in the demand, production, import, and export of energy in the EU countries, to determine the degree of variability (or stability) of these energy balance parameters, and to establish the correlation between the energy balance parameters and economic parameters. All members of the European Union were determinedly selected for research on 31 December 2018 (28 countries). The research period embraced the years 2004–2018. The sources of materials were the literature on the topic and data from Eurostat. Descriptive, tabular, and graphical methods, Gini coefficient, Lorenz curve, coefficient of variation, Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient, and constant-based dynamics indicators were used in the analysis and presentation of materials. It was determined that only the demand for energy and its import in EU countries were nearly related to the economic situation. In turn, exports and production were medium and weakly correlated. In these parameters, economic factors had a smaller impact than other factors, such as political development or the level of energy development in the country. It was also found that the EU countries’ energy imports were characterized by lower volatility than its exports. As a rule, the most significant stabilization in the given parameters occurred in countries with a stable economy, the so-called developed economies, while the most significant volatility was in developing countries. Energy security is of great importance in all EU countries.
Tomasz Rokicki; Aleksandra Perkowska. Diversity and Changes in the Energy Balance in EU Countries. Energies 2021, 14, 1098 .
AMA StyleTomasz Rokicki, Aleksandra Perkowska. Diversity and Changes in the Energy Balance in EU Countries. Energies. 2021; 14 (4):1098.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomasz Rokicki; Aleksandra Perkowska. 2021. "Diversity and Changes in the Energy Balance in EU Countries." Energies 14, no. 4: 1098.
The main aim of this work was to identify and present the situation and changes in the level of expenditure on healthcare in the European Union in the years 2013–2017. This involved an analysis of the available literature on healthcare financing, data from the EUROSTAT database. For this work, the comparative method was used, dynamics indicators were used, the Gini concentration coefficient was calculated, and the degree of concentration was presented using the Lorenz curve. Pearson’s linear correlation coefficients were also used. A descriptive, tabular and graphic method was used to present the test results that were obtained. A high concentration of expenditure on healthcare was found in the EU countries with the largest population and that are the most economically developed. These results also relate to these expenses on a per capita basis. The main factor differentiating the level of healthcare financing was the level of economic development. This regularity was confirmed in the statement of expenditure per capita, the relationship between this expenditure and the value of GDP and the results obtained when calculating the correlation between expenditure and economic development. In addition to the economic situation, an important factor determining the amount of expenditure on healthcare was the percentage of the country’s population that are older people.
Tomasz Rokicki; Aleksandra Perkowska; Marcin Ratajczak. Differentiation in Healthcare Financing in EU Countries. Sustainability 2020, 13, 251 .
AMA StyleTomasz Rokicki, Aleksandra Perkowska, Marcin Ratajczak. Differentiation in Healthcare Financing in EU Countries. Sustainability. 2020; 13 (1):251.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomasz Rokicki; Aleksandra Perkowska; Marcin Ratajczak. 2020. "Differentiation in Healthcare Financing in EU Countries." Sustainability 13, no. 1: 251.
The main purpose of the paper was to identify and present the situation and changes in the level of expenditure on public roads in Poland, taking into account the division of the country into voivodships. The data concerned the period from 2005 to 2017. Sources of materials were the analysis of available literature in the field of road transport, legal acts, data from the CSO database. The comparative method was used in the paper, dynamics indicators were evaluated, the Gini concentration coefficient was calculated and the degree of concentration was presented using the Lorenz curve. Pearson's linear correlation coefficients were also used. A descriptive, tabular and graphic method were used to present the results. Investment outlays on roads apply to both the construction of new roads and the repair of existing ones. Between 2005-2017, the length of public roads in Poland increased by 11% to 422,000 km. Changes in individual voivodships and in subsequent years varied. The largest increase in road length occurred in Podlaskie and Lublin, while the smallest was in Opole. The largest expenditure on public roads was incurred in 2009-2011, which was related to the preparation for the Euro 2012 football tournament, which took place in Poland and Ukraine. Investment outlays were related to the level of economic development of voivodships and the resources of public roads. The only exception to this rule occurred in 2009-2011, when many road investments were centrally financed by the government.
Stanisław Bereziński; Tomasz Rokicki. FINANCING OF LINEAR ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE IN POLAND. Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing 2020, 205 -213.
AMA StyleStanisław Bereziński, Tomasz Rokicki. FINANCING OF LINEAR ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE IN POLAND. Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing. 2020; (24(73)):205-213.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStanisław Bereziński; Tomasz Rokicki. 2020. "FINANCING OF LINEAR ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE IN POLAND." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing , no. 24(73): 205-213.
The main objective of the study was to present the price volatility of lamb carcasses in Austria and Poland and an attempt to indicate existing regularities. The article presents prices of lamb carcasses obtained for heavy lambs (live weight 23-40 kg). The sources of materials are data from the European Commission and EUROSTAT. The research period covered the years 2007-2019. For the analysis and presentation of materials, descriptive, tabular, graphic methods, dynamics indices with a constant and variable basis, Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient and coefficient of variation were used. In Austria, lamb meat prices were definitely higher than in Poland, but also more stable, both on an annual and monthly basis. Seasonal price fluctuations have occurred in both countries. The highest prices occurred in the winter months and the lowest in the summer. The reason was the seasonality of production and consumption. Changes in lamb carcass prices have followed the same direction as changes in the economy. In the case of population, negative correlations were found in Poland, which can be considered consistent with the laws of economics. In Austria, however, positive relationships were found for this parameter.
Tomasz Rokicki; Ferdinand Ringdorfer; Aleksandra Perkowska. VARIABILITY IN PRICES OF LAMB MEAT IN AUSTRIA AND POLAND. Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists 2020, XXII, 173 -182.
AMA StyleTomasz Rokicki, Ferdinand Ringdorfer, Aleksandra Perkowska. VARIABILITY IN PRICES OF LAMB MEAT IN AUSTRIA AND POLAND. Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists. 2020; XXII (4):173-182.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomasz Rokicki; Ferdinand Ringdorfer; Aleksandra Perkowska. 2020. "VARIABILITY IN PRICES OF LAMB MEAT IN AUSTRIA AND POLAND." Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XXII, no. 4: 173-182.
Celem głównym pracy było rozpoznanie sytuacji i przedstawienie zmian w koniunkturze gospodarczej Polski w wyniku epidemii COVID-19. Źródła materiałów stanowiła literatura przedmiotu, dane GUS. W pracy wykorzystano metodę porównawczą, posługiwano się wskaźnikami koniunktury, obliczono współczynnik koncentracji Giniego dla liczby zachorowań oraz przedstawiono stopień koncentracji za pomocą krzywej Lorenza. Zastosowano również współczynniki korelacji liniowej Pearsona. Do prezentacji wyników badań wykorzystano metodę opisową, tabelaryczna i graficzną. Stwierdzono pogorszenie się koniunktury gospodarczej we wszystkich sektorach gospodarki, największe w usługach i przemyśle, najmniejsze zaś w budownictwie. Występowały też różnice w działalnościach przypisanych do poszczególnych sektorów. Z reguły większe przedsiębiorstwa mniej odczuwały skutki kryzysu gospodarczego. Skala pogorszenia się koniunktury w 2020 r. była większa niż w latach 2008-2009. W czasie epidemii miały na nią wpływ zakaz administracyjny prowadzenia działalności oraz możliwość wykonywania pracy zdalnej. Te działalności, które były wykonywane zdalnie, zyskiwały lub traciły mniej. W przypadku braku takiej możliwości i zamknięciu zakładu nie było szansy na uzyskiwanie zadawalających przychodów. Większa liczba przypadków zachorowań w danym województwie wiązała się z lepszą koniunkturą i zapotrzebowaniem na usługi przewozowe, dostawy towarów bezpośrednio do domów.
Tomasz Rokicki. Zmiany w koniunkturze gospodarczej Polski w wyniku epidemii COVID-19. Przegląd Prawno-Ekonomiczny 2020, 105 -126.
AMA StyleTomasz Rokicki. Zmiany w koniunkturze gospodarczej Polski w wyniku epidemii COVID-19. Przegląd Prawno-Ekonomiczny. 2020; (3):105-126.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomasz Rokicki. 2020. "Zmiany w koniunkturze gospodarczej Polski w wyniku epidemii COVID-19." Przegląd Prawno-Ekonomiczny , no. 3: 105-126.
The main purpose of the work is to identify and present the current situation and changes in the volume of energy supplies in the countries of the Visegrad Group. The specific objectives of the article are to determine the degree of concentration of energy supply sources in the countries of the Visegrad Group, the directions of their changes, types of energy used and changes in this area, establishing the correlation between the volume of energy supplies and changes in the economic situation in V4 countries. The period of research covers the years 1990–2018. The sources of materials were the literature on the subject, with the data from Eurostat. The following methods were used for the analysis and presentation of materials: descriptive, tabular, graphical, dynamics indicators with a constant basis; Gini concentration coefficient; concentration analysis using the Lorenz curve; coefficient of variation; Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient. It was found that, of a high concentration of energy supplies from one or more sources in all countries of the Visegrad Group, the largest was in Poland and the lowest were in Hungary and the Czech Republic. In each of these countries, the economy was transforming and there was also a gradual diversification of energy sources.
Tomasz Rokicki; Aleksandra Perkowska. Changes in Energy Supplies in the Countries of the Visegrad Group. Sustainability 2020, 12, 7916 .
AMA StyleTomasz Rokicki, Aleksandra Perkowska. Changes in Energy Supplies in the Countries of the Visegrad Group. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (19):7916.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomasz Rokicki; Aleksandra Perkowska. 2020. "Changes in Energy Supplies in the Countries of the Visegrad Group." Sustainability 12, no. 19: 7916.
The aim of the article was to compare sheep meat production in Austria and Poland. The level of sheep population in both countries was similar. The sources of the materials were a literature review and data obtained from Statistics Austria and Statistics Poland. The research period concerned the years 1992–2018. Methods of data analysis were used, such as constant dynamics indicators, Gini coefficient and Lorenzo curve, Pearson correlation coefficients. A number of differences were found, e.g. in the direction of changes in the size of the sheep population, the scale of total slaughtering and industrial slaughtering, the share of self-supply in total meat production, traditional consumption of lamb during holidays, the average carcass weight of sheep, prices of lamb meat, interdependence of the sheep population with changes in economic parameters. The similarities concerned the level of concentration of the sheep population and their regional slaughtering, prejudices regarding the consumption of lamb, the share of lambs in slaughtering and meat production, the productivity of meat obtained from the slaughter of sheep.
Tomasz Rokicki; Ferdinand Ringdorfer. SHEEP MEAT PRODUCTION IN AUSTRIA AND POLAND – SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia 2020, 19, 97 -106.
AMA StyleTomasz Rokicki, Ferdinand Ringdorfer. SHEEP MEAT PRODUCTION IN AUSTRIA AND POLAND – SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia. 2020; 19 (3):97-106.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomasz Rokicki; Ferdinand Ringdorfer. 2020. "SHEEP MEAT PRODUCTION IN AUSTRIA AND POLAND – SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia 19, no. 3: 97-106.
The main purpose of the article was to identify and present the current situation and changes in higher education in the field of electricity and energy studies in the European Union countries. The specific objectives include determining the degree of concentration of education in the fields of electricity and energy in the EU countries, showing the directions of their changes, types of dominant education in this field, establishing the correlation between education in the fields of electricity and energy and the parameters assessing the achievement of circular economy assumptions in the energy sector. All Member States of the European Union were deliberately selected for research. The research period covered the years 2013–2018. The source of the materials is a literature review on the subject and Eurostat data. For the analysis and presentation of materials, methods such as descriptive, tabular, graphical, dynamics indicators with a constant basis, Gini concentration coefficient, concentration analysis using the Lorenz curve, coefficient of variation, Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient were used. A high concentration of education in the fields of electricity and energy was found in several EU countries, the largest in countries with the highest energy consumption, i.e., in France and Poland. Changes in the level of concentration practically did not take place, only in the case of master’s studies, there was an increase in concentration. However, the EU countries did not differ significantly in terms of the structure of the number of students studying electricity and energy.
Tomasz Rokicki; Aleksandra Perkowska; Bogdan Klepacki; Hubert Szczepaniuk; Edyta Karolina Szczepaniuk; Stanisław Bereziński; Paulina Ziółkowska. The Importance of Higher Education in the EU Countries in Achieving the Objectives of the Circular Economy in the Energy Sector. Energies 2020, 13, 4407 .
AMA StyleTomasz Rokicki, Aleksandra Perkowska, Bogdan Klepacki, Hubert Szczepaniuk, Edyta Karolina Szczepaniuk, Stanisław Bereziński, Paulina Ziółkowska. The Importance of Higher Education in the EU Countries in Achieving the Objectives of the Circular Economy in the Energy Sector. Energies. 2020; 13 (17):4407.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomasz Rokicki; Aleksandra Perkowska; Bogdan Klepacki; Hubert Szczepaniuk; Edyta Karolina Szczepaniuk; Stanisław Bereziński; Paulina Ziółkowska. 2020. "The Importance of Higher Education in the EU Countries in Achieving the Objectives of the Circular Economy in the Energy Sector." Energies 13, no. 17: 4407.
The main purpose of the paper was to present changes in the concentration level of individual animal production in Poland. All Polish voivodships were selected for research purposefully. The research period concerned the years 2005-2019. The source of material was the literature on the subject and data from the Central Statistical Office. For the analysis and presentation of materials, descriptive, tabular and graphic methods as well as dynamics based on a constant basis, the Gini concentration factor and concentration analysis using the Lorenz curve were used. Specialization in animal production was found in several voivodships, such as Mazowieckie and Wielkopolskie. There were also voivodships focused on a given type of animal production, like Podlaskie on milk production. The concentration of animal production increased, which meant an even greater concentration of activities in several voivodships. The exception was sheep production, for which a decrease in the concentration of the sheep population and lamb production was noted. A reduction in the concentration of production also occurred in the production of veal meat. It should be noted that, as a rule, the dominant voivodships in given animal production increased the number of animals and the production of products obtained from these groups of farm animals the most.
Tomasz Rokicki; Aleksandra Perkowska; Paulina Ziółkowska. CHANGES IN THE CONCENTRATION OF ANIMAL PRODUCTION IN POLAND. Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists 2020, XXII, 175 -186.
AMA StyleTomasz Rokicki, Aleksandra Perkowska, Paulina Ziółkowska. CHANGES IN THE CONCENTRATION OF ANIMAL PRODUCTION IN POLAND. Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists. 2020; XXII (3):175-186.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomasz Rokicki; Aleksandra Perkowska; Paulina Ziółkowska. 2020. "CHANGES IN THE CONCENTRATION OF ANIMAL PRODUCTION IN POLAND." Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XXII, no. 3: 175-186.
Tomasz Rokicki; Paulina Ziółkowska. Integrated IT systems in logistics company management. Ekonomika i Organizacja Logistyki 2020, 5, 55 -64.
AMA StyleTomasz Rokicki, Paulina Ziółkowska. Integrated IT systems in logistics company management. Ekonomika i Organizacja Logistyki. 2020; 5 (1):55-64.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomasz Rokicki; Paulina Ziółkowska. 2020. "Integrated IT systems in logistics company management." Ekonomika i Organizacja Logistyki 5, no. 1: 55-64.
Tomasz Rokicki; Aleksandra Perkowska; Paulina Ziółkowska. The importance of grains transport in Poland. Journal of Modern Science 2020, 45, 183 -199.
AMA StyleTomasz Rokicki, Aleksandra Perkowska, Paulina Ziółkowska. The importance of grains transport in Poland. Journal of Modern Science. 2020; 45 (2):183-199.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomasz Rokicki; Aleksandra Perkowska; Paulina Ziółkowska. 2020. "The importance of grains transport in Poland." Journal of Modern Science 45, no. 2: 183-199.
The aim of the article is to characterise and assess information security management in units of public administration and to define recommended solutions facilitating an increase in the level of information security. The article is considered a theoretical-empirical research paper. The aim of theoretical research is to explain the basic terms related to information security management and to define conditions for the implementation of Information Security Management System (ISMS). Within the scope of theoretical considerations, source literature, legislation and reports are being referred to. In the years 2016-2019, empirical research has been conducted, which aim was to assess the efficiency of information security management in public administration offices. The evaluation of results of surveys was accompanied by an analysis of statistical relations between the researched variables, which enabled to define effects of European Union regulations on the delivery of information security in public administration. Results of the empirical data show that in the years 2016-2017, in public administration offices, certain problem areas in the aspect of information security management were present, which include, among others: lack of ISMS organisation, incomplete or outdated ISMS documentation, lack of regular risk analysis, lack of reviews, audits or controls, limited use of physical and technological protection measures, lack of training or professional development. In the years 2018-2019, European Union solutions, i.e. the GDPR Regulation and the NIS Directive, have affected the increase in the security level of information in public administration and have a significantly limited occurrence of identified irregularities. Results of the research enable to assume that the delivery of information security in public administration requires a systemic approach arising from the need for permanent improvement.
Edyta Karolina Szczepaniuk; Hubert Szczepaniuk; Tomasz Rokicki; Bogdan Klepacki. Information security assessment in public administration. Computers & Security 2019, 90, 101709 .
AMA StyleEdyta Karolina Szczepaniuk, Hubert Szczepaniuk, Tomasz Rokicki, Bogdan Klepacki. Information security assessment in public administration. Computers & Security. 2019; 90 ():101709.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEdyta Karolina Szczepaniuk; Hubert Szczepaniuk; Tomasz Rokicki; Bogdan Klepacki. 2019. "Information security assessment in public administration." Computers & Security 90, no. : 101709.
The main purpose of the paper was to present foreign trade in lamb meat concerning exchanges between the countries of the European Union. In a targeted manner, all EU member states were selected for research as of 31/12/2018 (28 countries). The research period concerned the years 2005-2018. The sources of materials were literature and Eurostat data. For analysis and presentation of materials, descriptive, tabular and graphical methods, dynamics indicators based on a constant and variable basis, the Gini concentration coefficient, Lorenz curve concentration analysis and Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient were applied. The export of lamb meat in relation to other EU countries accounted for over 90% of total export of this type of meat. In the case of imports, it was just over 50%. There were countries only selling to other EU countries and those with buyers from outside the EU. The situation was similar in import. The concentration of lamb meat export and import decreased, faster for imports. There were also positive average relationships between foreign trade in lamb meat in relations with other EU countries and basic economic parameters.
Tomasz Rokicki. FOREIGN TRADE IN LAMB MEAT BETWEEN EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES. Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists 2019, XXI, 379 -389.
AMA StyleTomasz Rokicki. FOREIGN TRADE IN LAMB MEAT BETWEEN EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES. Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists. 2019; XXI (3):379-389.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomasz Rokicki. 2019. "FOREIGN TRADE IN LAMB MEAT BETWEEN EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES." Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XXI, no. 3: 379-389.
Tomasz Rokicki; Marcin Ratajczak; Magdalena Golonko; Warsaw University of Life Sciences. The production of sheep’s milk in EU countries. Economic Science for Rural Development 2019, 1 .
AMA StyleTomasz Rokicki, Marcin Ratajczak, Magdalena Golonko, Warsaw University of Life Sciences. The production of sheep’s milk in EU countries. Economic Science for Rural Development. 2019; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomasz Rokicki; Marcin Ratajczak; Magdalena Golonko; Warsaw University of Life Sciences. 2019. "The production of sheep’s milk in EU countries." Economic Science for Rural Development , no. : 1.
Tomasz Rokicki. E-SHOPPING MODELS IN SELECTED EUROPEAN COUNTRIES. Information System in Management 2019, 8, 37 -46.
AMA StyleTomasz Rokicki. E-SHOPPING MODELS IN SELECTED EUROPEAN COUNTRIES. Information System in Management. 2019; 8 (1):37-46.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomasz Rokicki. 2019. "E-SHOPPING MODELS IN SELECTED EUROPEAN COUNTRIES." Information System in Management 8, no. 1: 37-46.