This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.
Fernando LERA-LOPEZ, PhD, is Associate Professor at the Department of Economics at the Public University of Navarra and senior researcher at the Institute for Advanced Research in Business and Economics. His research focuses on two main strands. Firstly, he has made research about the correlates of sports participation and the economic, social and health impact of sport and physical activity. He has extensively published in sports in the main important sport management and economics journals such as Sport Management Review, European Sport Management Quarterly, Journal of Sports Economics, Journal of Sport Management, International Journal of Sport Finance, European Journal of Sport Science and Journal of Sports Sciences, among others. Secondly, he has made research about digital economy, in particular, the adoption of information and communication technologies (ICT) at micro and macro level, among individuals and among firms. He has also analysed the role of Internet and educational inequalities on economic growth. He has published in leading journals such as Telecommunications Policy, Review of World Economics, Information Development, Empirical Economics, International Journal of Human Resource Management, Information, Technology and People, Industrial Management and Data Systems and Technovation, among others. Finally, he has analysed the economical effect of environmental externalities in research publish in leading journals.
Road transportation constitutes a key sector in developed countries, as an essential catalyst for economic and social activities. Nevertheless, it is relevant to emphasize the negative impacts of this activity identified in Economics as negative externalities. At the European Union, road transportation is the main cause of the air pollution impact on the population. Thus, this study explores the factors that influence the willingness to pay (WTP) on behalf of the citizens to reduce air pollution generated by road transport. In doing so, we propose two fundamental theoretical frameworks to explain individual behavior towards the environment actions: the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the Value-Belief-Norm (VBN) models. A questionnaire survey with 1,612 residents was used to collect data in 65 localities located in the Spanish Pyrenees and performing a statistical analysis with the resulting data relied on application of Structural Equation Models (SEM). Moreover, the survey results highlight the importance of psychological aspects as predictors of pro-environmental behaviors. Our empirical results provide a novel contribution about how governments and educational policies can enhance the positive attitude towards environmental actions, unifying the struggle in favor of environmental protection from early childhood.
Mercedes Sánchez-García; Ferdaous Zouaghi; Fernando Lera-López; Javier Faulin. An extended behavior model for explaining the willingness to pay to reduce the air pollution in road transportation. Journal of Cleaner Production 2021, 314, 128134 .
AMA StyleMercedes Sánchez-García, Ferdaous Zouaghi, Fernando Lera-López, Javier Faulin. An extended behavior model for explaining the willingness to pay to reduce the air pollution in road transportation. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2021; 314 ():128134.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMercedes Sánchez-García; Ferdaous Zouaghi; Fernando Lera-López; Javier Faulin. 2021. "An extended behavior model for explaining the willingness to pay to reduce the air pollution in road transportation." Journal of Cleaner Production 314, no. : 128134.
This study investigates whether the existence of educational inequalities at the country level affects Internet use. Additionally, we explore the extent to which these impacts depend on countries’ economic development levels. We use a logit model and data set of 69 high- and middle-income countries for the period 2005–2015. We find a negative relationship between Internet use and education inequality for the whole sample. The results confirm that, in addition to the level of education and other socioeconomic variables, the distribution of formal education among citizens within a country is also important to explain Internet use. We also obtain that this distribution affects Internet use to a higher extent in middle-income economies in comparison with high-income ones. Unlike the positive influence of educational levels obtained in the academic literature, the existence of within-country educational disparities negatively influences Internet use. This study demonstrates the influence of countries’ educational structure in relative terms in explaining Internet use.
Margarita Billon; Jorge Crespo; Fernando Lera-Lopez. Do educational inequalities affect Internet use? An analysis for developed and developing countries. Telematics and Informatics 2020, 58, 101521 .
AMA StyleMargarita Billon, Jorge Crespo, Fernando Lera-Lopez. Do educational inequalities affect Internet use? An analysis for developed and developing countries. Telematics and Informatics. 2020; 58 ():101521.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMargarita Billon; Jorge Crespo; Fernando Lera-Lopez. 2020. "Do educational inequalities affect Internet use? An analysis for developed and developing countries." Telematics and Informatics 58, no. : 101521.
Previous empirical evidence has shown the positive relationship between happiness or subjective well-being (SWB) and sport participation. Nevertheless, passive sport participation has traditionally been ignored as a correlate with happiness. Based on a sample of 1,632 Spanish people, one ordered probit model and three extended ordered probit models with an ordinal endogenous covariate technique and robust standard errors were applied. We find that different forms of passive sport participation-such as frequency of attending sporting events and a set of other forms of passive sports participation such as watching sports on TV, listening to sports programmes, reading sports news, and talking to others about sports-are positively associated with happiness. The results indicate that passive sport participation generally appears to have a closer relationship with individual happiness than active sport participation and emphasise the role played by some forms of sport participation as a source of relational goods. This current research extends the field's understanding of sport participation and happiness, including passive participation, and the relevance of social interactions to account for this association. Finally, the relational aspect of different forms of sport participation offers new implications for the analysis of sport engagement and happiness.
Fernando Lera‐López; Andrea Ollo‐López; José Manuel Sánchez‐Santos. Is Passive Sport Engagement Positively Associated with Happiness? Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being 2020, 13, 195 -218.
AMA StyleFernando Lera‐López, Andrea Ollo‐López, José Manuel Sánchez‐Santos. Is Passive Sport Engagement Positively Associated with Happiness? Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being. 2020; 13 (1):195-218.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFernando Lera‐López; Andrea Ollo‐López; José Manuel Sánchez‐Santos. 2020. "Is Passive Sport Engagement Positively Associated with Happiness?" Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being 13, no. 1: 195-218.
In a context of a rise in physical inactivity, this paper aims to provide new insights about the relationship between different forms of sport engagements and their correlates, analysing, for the first time, both active and passive sport involvement for a large sample of individuals. Applying the cluster technique, we identify four different segments of sports involvement among the Spanish population: non-sporty, exclusively practitioner, balanced practitioner, and basically spectator. Also, we develop a multinomial logit model to analyse the main socio-demographic, physical and sports features that could increase the individual sport involvement, from the non-sporty segment, which assembles the highest number of individuals, to the other clusters. Most of the variables under analysis show a different impact on sport involvement: some of them stimulate active participation (e.g., being member of private sport clubs), whereas others mainly encourage sport attendance (e.g., readers and listeners of sport news, children in the household), and other variables boost sport engagement in general (e.g., being male, educational level, health status, e-sports). The results may have significant implications in terms of developing a general perspective about sport engagement, including both active and passive participation. Particularly, our findings suggest that active and passive sport engagement do not seem to be negatively associated and they can coexist at different levels.
Pablo Castellanos-García; Fernando Lera-López; José Manuel Sánchez-Santos. Patterns of sports involvement in Spain. European Journal of Sport Science 2020, 1 -12.
AMA StylePablo Castellanos-García, Fernando Lera-López, José Manuel Sánchez-Santos. Patterns of sports involvement in Spain. European Journal of Sport Science. 2020; ():1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StylePablo Castellanos-García; Fernando Lera-López; José Manuel Sánchez-Santos. 2020. "Patterns of sports involvement in Spain." European Journal of Sport Science , no. : 1-12.
A substantial amount of attention has been devoted towards the potential sport legacy of the Olympic Games. In spite of the increasing academic interest in this topic, there is a knowledge gap as far as sport legacy is concerned by types of different sports. The authors bridge this gap by analysing the evolution of 43 different Olympic/Paralympic sport modalities in the two-year period after the London 2012 Olympics. By using data from the Active People Survey with a sample of 165,000 people annually, and considering some demographic variables and the effect of the economic environment, the paper aims to test the existence of a sport legacy. We have applied time series analysis and ARIMA models for controlling for economic influence and seasonal adjustment and for making comparisons among participation rates. The results show, for the total of the sports analysed, that there were 336,000 individuals who increased their frequency of participation, while there was no significant increase in the number of new participants in these sports. When we develop the analysis for types of sports, London 2012 is positively associated not only with the frequency of participation in some types of sport but also with an increase in the number of new sport participants. Gender and age differences are also detected. The results show the differences of sport legacy by type of sports. Moreover, this research has elucidated an important unrecognised aspect of the effect of the Olympic Games and perhaps major events: that they can become a major policy tool for reversing sporting inequalities.
Themistocles Kokolakakis; Fernando Lera-Lopez. Sport Promotion through Sport Mega-Events. An Analysis for Types of Olympic Sports in London 2012. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 6193 .
AMA StyleThemistocles Kokolakakis, Fernando Lera-Lopez. Sport Promotion through Sport Mega-Events. An Analysis for Types of Olympic Sports in London 2012. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (17):6193.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThemistocles Kokolakakis; Fernando Lera-Lopez. 2020. "Sport Promotion through Sport Mega-Events. An Analysis for Types of Olympic Sports in London 2012." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 17: 6193.
Despite the increasing academic interest in the analysis of the Olympic legacy, there is a relative knowledge gap as far as sports participation legacy is concerned. The authors bridge this gap by analysing the short-term sports participation legacy of the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games on the adult population in England. By using data from the Active People Survey and considering different sports participation variables and the effect of the economic climate, results demonstrate a positive association with participation from hosting the Games. Participation rates were adjusted to take into account seasonality and changes in the gross domestic product (GDP), accounting in this way for the effect of the recent economic recession. The biggest effect was observed in relation to frequent participation (at least three times per week for at least 30 min) in the year immediately after the Games. In 2014, the sports participation rates fell relative to 2013 but remained higher than pre-Olympic levels. The sport participation legacy of the Olympic Games appeared to have significant differences between socio-demographic groups.
Themis Kokolakakis; Fernando Lera-Lopez; Girish Ramchandani. Did London 2012 deliver a sports participation legacy? Sport Management Review 2019, 22, 276 -287.
AMA StyleThemis Kokolakakis, Fernando Lera-Lopez, Girish Ramchandani. Did London 2012 deliver a sports participation legacy? Sport Management Review. 2019; 22 (2):276-287.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThemis Kokolakakis; Fernando Lera-Lopez; Girish Ramchandani. 2019. "Did London 2012 deliver a sports participation legacy?" Sport Management Review 22, no. 2: 276-287.
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze efficiency and its evolution in teams that played in the UEFA Champions League during nine seasons. The aim is to present a research procedure for determining the most accurate data envelopment analysis to estimate and compare the efficiency. Design/methodology/approach First, the authors analyzed the existence of a temporal trend using the S-statistic. The authors calculated the Kruskal–Wallis statistic to verify if there is stability in relative ranks. The results of the aforementioned tests have indicated that window analysis is an accurate methodology to apply to the sample. The authors analyzed 94 clubs with a sample of 288 observations, obtaining 768 efficiency ratios. They have been calculated using super-efficiency which enables to discriminate efficient units. Findings Results indicate that there is a low efficiency level in the nine seasons observed. There is a strong correlation between sports results and the efficiency of semifinalists. The authors conclude that improvement in a club’s efficiency could enhance its sports results. Finally, as practical implications, the authors highlight benchmark teams and alternative sports tactics to help clubs become more efficient and achieve better sports results. Originality/value This paper contributes to sports efficiency literature by presenting a research procedure to identify the most accurate methodology to be applied to panel data. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is the first empirical study on international football competitions applying WindowDEA to incomplete panel data.
Lucía Isabel García-Cebrián; Fabíola Zambom-Ferraresi; Fernando Lera-López. Efficiency in European football teams using WindowDEA: analysis and evolution. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management 2018, 67, 2126 -2148.
AMA StyleLucía Isabel García-Cebrián, Fabíola Zambom-Ferraresi, Fernando Lera-López. Efficiency in European football teams using WindowDEA: analysis and evolution. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management. 2018; 67 (9):2126-2148.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLucía Isabel García-Cebrián; Fabíola Zambom-Ferraresi; Fernando Lera-López. 2018. "Efficiency in European football teams using WindowDEA: analysis and evolution." International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management 67, no. 9: 2126-2148.
Nowadays game-related statistics in the sports industry are demanded by coaches, players, managers, journalists, supporters, fans, video games developers, betting markets and academics. However, the employment of game-related statistics to analyse performance in football (soccer) has inherent problems given it is a multifaceted and complex phenomenon. This study analyses the importance of a large number of possible determinants of sport performance in the ‘Big Five’ European football leagues during the period 2012/13–2014/15. To this end, Bayesian model averaging techniques and relative importance metrics are employed. The results obtained point to the existence of a set of robust determinants in sport performance. This set of drivers comprises (i) assists, (ii) shots conceded, (iii) saves made by the goalkeeper, (iv) the number of precise passes with respect to the total number of passes, and (v) shots on target. The results of the study support the idea that offensive actions are more relevant than defensive ones. In addition, we find the existence of some performance indicators that have usually been ignored by previous analyses, such as saves made by the goalkeeper and assists. These findings could help the decision-making process of the coaching, scouting and managerial units of football clubs. Finally, the modelling techniques employed in this context can be generalized to gain knowledge in other fields of knowledge to extract factors affecting complex problems from large data sets. This could be particularly interesting when previous research has not yet obtained a well-defined and robust set of factors explaining these complex problems.
Fabíola Zambom-Ferraresi; Vicente Rios; Fernando Lera-López. Determinants of sport performance in European football: What can we learn from the data? Decision Support Systems 2018, 114, 18 -28.
AMA StyleFabíola Zambom-Ferraresi, Vicente Rios, Fernando Lera-López. Determinants of sport performance in European football: What can we learn from the data? Decision Support Systems. 2018; 114 ():18-28.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFabíola Zambom-Ferraresi; Vicente Rios; Fernando Lera-López. 2018. "Determinants of sport performance in European football: What can we learn from the data?" Decision Support Systems 114, no. : 18-28.
There is a controversy on sport performance literature about what type of inputs might explain more deeply the performance of sports clubs (inputs specification controversy). By one side, several papers have analysed sports teams’ performance using the match-related statistics or wages as inputs, well-known as ex post inputs. By other side, some authors have criticized the use of these ex post inputs, and recommend the use of ex ante inputs, as the market value of the players. We have analysed the performance of football teams estimating technical efficiency with three different inputs specification. The methodologies employed were data envelopment analysis (DEA) and a bootstrapped DEA. Our sample is composed by English Premier League football clubs, during three seasons (2012/13–2014/15). The DEA results indicate that the correlation between the three models is positive and significant. The DEA-bootstrapped results help to restate the robustness of the estimations and endorsed the inputs choices. The correlations of the estimations with market value and match-related statistics are the most striking (90% and 94%, DEA and bootstrapped DEA), which indicate that the existent discussion related to the use of match-related statistics as input is unjustified, because it does not affect significantly the efficiency estimations.
Fabíola Zambom-Ferraresi; Belén Iráizoz; Fernando Lera-López. Are football managers as efficient as coaches? Performance analysis withex anteandex postinputs in the Premier league. Applied Economics 2018, 51, 303 -314.
AMA StyleFabíola Zambom-Ferraresi, Belén Iráizoz, Fernando Lera-López. Are football managers as efficient as coaches? Performance analysis withex anteandex postinputs in the Premier league. Applied Economics. 2018; 51 (3):303-314.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFabíola Zambom-Ferraresi; Belén Iráizoz; Fernando Lera-López. 2018. "Are football managers as efficient as coaches? Performance analysis withex anteandex postinputs in the Premier league." Applied Economics 51, no. 3: 303-314.
In the context of age-related declines in physical activity (PA) and the dramatic increase in ageing populations in many countries, this paper sheds further light on the link between PA and self-perceived health (SPH) by examining whether the magnitude of this relationship is age specific. With a sample of 14,456 Spanish individuals aged 18-69, we estimated three levels of intensity in PA using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Individuals who did more PA per week showed higher levels of SPH (β = 0.28; 95% CI 0.24-0.32), and age moderated this relationship, with a positive effect over age 49. People aged 50-59 and 60-69 who practiced PA had higher probabilities of better SPH compared with those aged 40-49 (β = 0.14; 95% CI 0.04-0.24) and (β = 0.32; 95% CI 0.21-0.43), respectively. This association between PA and SPH also depended on the intensity of PA, especially for walking (β = 0.14; 95% CI 0.04-0.24). In particular, in comparison with people age 40-49, a statistically significant relationship with SPH was found among people age 50-59 who walked (β = 0.22; 95% CI 0.07-0.36) and people age 60-69 who did moderate PA (β = 0.38; 95% CI 0.23-0.54). This paper provides a major rationale for the design, organisation and implementation of public policies promoting PA and healthy ageing for different age groups.
Fernando Lera-Lopez; Andrea Ollo-López; Mirian Garrués-Irisarri; Juan M. Cabasés; Eduardo Sánchez-Iriso. How the relationship between physical activity and health changes with age. European Journal of Ageing 2018, 16, 3 -15.
AMA StyleFernando Lera-Lopez, Andrea Ollo-López, Mirian Garrués-Irisarri, Juan M. Cabasés, Eduardo Sánchez-Iriso. How the relationship between physical activity and health changes with age. European Journal of Ageing. 2018; 16 (1):3-15.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFernando Lera-Lopez; Andrea Ollo-López; Mirian Garrués-Irisarri; Juan M. Cabasés; Eduardo Sánchez-Iriso. 2018. "How the relationship between physical activity and health changes with age." European Journal of Ageing 16, no. 1: 3-15.
The objective of this article is to analyze the different roles played by key factors in individual subjective well-being (SWB). Making a distinction between females and males, we consider the correlations of different characteristics of a healthy lifestyle, work environment, and social support with happiness in Spain. Based on a sample of 10,821 Spanish people, we applied ordered probit models and consider the possibility of common method variance. The results show that some elements of healthy lifestyles, such as the intensity of physical activity (PA), level of self-perceived health, and sleeping hours are positively associated with a higher level of happiness, with some differences between genders, particularly in terms of PA. We also detected significant differences between males and females in the potential associations between individual happiness and variables measuring the social support, job satisfaction, and time spent unemployed. The conclusions emphasize the differences between genders in explaining individual happiness and the relevance of the healthy lifestyles, different circumstances of the labor market, and social support to account for happiness.
Fernando Lera-Lopez; Andrea Ollo-López; José Manuel Sánchez-Santos. Different Alternatives of Subjective Well-Being: A Gender Analysis*. Social Science Quarterly 2018, 99, 1303 -1323.
AMA StyleFernando Lera-Lopez, Andrea Ollo-López, José Manuel Sánchez-Santos. Different Alternatives of Subjective Well-Being: A Gender Analysis*. Social Science Quarterly. 2018; 99 (4):1303-1323.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFernando Lera-Lopez; Andrea Ollo-López; José Manuel Sánchez-Santos. 2018. "Different Alternatives of Subjective Well-Being: A Gender Analysis*." Social Science Quarterly 99, no. 4: 1303-1323.
The increased standard of living in our society has raised the level of concern regarding ecosystemic degradation of natural resources due to a greater demand for goods and services. In fact, noise, air pollution and traffic congestion are the main environmental concerns when we consider transportation externalities. Thus, in the European Union, 30% of the population is exposed to noise levels greater than 55 dB, being road transportation responsible for 93% of the environmental costs produced by transport. Similarly, European Commission has calculated that the costs from road and rail traffic reach the amount of €40 billion per year in Europe. Sometimes this collective distress is not translated into individual actions for the reduction of environmental impact. Therefore, there has been an increasing use of social and psychological models to explain individual behavior towards the environment. Specifically, this study makes use of an extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) which includes personal values to determine the influential variables in willingness to pay (WTP) for the reduction of noise pollution generated by road transportation. Thus, we have applied a Structural Equation Model (SEM) in the European Pyrenees region (located between Spain and France), an area with high traffic pollution due to road transport. The results highlight the importance of psychological aspects in contamination actions and show that positive attitudes towards the environment and adequate perceived behavioral influence can increase WTP. Moreover, there is an indirect effect of biospheric and altruistic values on WTP by means of other variables such as the perceived behavioral control. Therefore, public performances and educational policies that improve environmental sensitivity and reduce environmental impact could help to achieve a collective effect on the environment and a unified struggle in favor of environmental protection.
Mercedes Sánchez; Natalia López-Mosquera; Fernando Lera-López; Javier Faulin. An Extended Planned Behavior Model to Explain the Willingness to Pay to Reduce Noise Pollution in Road Transportation. Journal of Cleaner Production 2017, 177, 144 -154.
AMA StyleMercedes Sánchez, Natalia López-Mosquera, Fernando Lera-López, Javier Faulin. An Extended Planned Behavior Model to Explain the Willingness to Pay to Reduce Noise Pollution in Road Transportation. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2017; 177 ():144-154.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMercedes Sánchez; Natalia López-Mosquera; Fernando Lera-López; Javier Faulin. 2017. "An Extended Planned Behavior Model to Explain the Willingness to Pay to Reduce Noise Pollution in Road Transportation." Journal of Cleaner Production 177, no. : 144-154.
In a context of stagnation of the level of health-enhancing physical activity in Europe, this study examines the geographical stratification of sports participation and physical activity (PA) at the regional level in 28 European countries. While previous research has focused on the national approach, this study considers the regional level across 208 European regions. Individual survey data from the Eurobarometer 80.2 is combined with a regional-level approach to the 208 regions to quantify sports participation and PA at the regional level. The results show important differences and a geographical stratification of sports participation and PA among the European regions, albeit following different patterns. In particular, a north-south gap is identified in terms of PA rates and an east-west gap is detected in terms of sports participation levels. Applying the cluster technique, a taxonomy of four different European regions is developed considering both types of indicators. Finally, the existence of sports spatial spillovers among regions is verified, obtaining a positive autocorrelation among neighbouring regions for being involved in PA and sporting activities. The results may have significant implications in terms of policy measures to improve health through PA and sports participation at the regional level in Europe.
Fernando Lera-Lopez; Rocio Marco. Sports participation, physical activity, and health in the European regions. Journal of Sports Sciences 2017, 36, 1784 -1791.
AMA StyleFernando Lera-Lopez, Rocio Marco. Sports participation, physical activity, and health in the European regions. Journal of Sports Sciences. 2017; 36 (15):1784-1791.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFernando Lera-Lopez; Rocio Marco. 2017. "Sports participation, physical activity, and health in the European regions." Journal of Sports Sciences 36, no. 15: 1784-1791.
Fabíola Zambom-Ferraresi; Lucía Isabel García Cebrián; Fernando Lera lópez. Sports Results Measurement and Efficiency in UEFA Champions League. ATHENS JOURNAL OF SPORTS 2017, 4, 291 -312.
AMA StyleFabíola Zambom-Ferraresi, Lucía Isabel García Cebrián, Fernando Lera lópez. Sports Results Measurement and Efficiency in UEFA Champions League. ATHENS JOURNAL OF SPORTS. 2017; 4 (4):291-312.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFabíola Zambom-Ferraresi; Lucía Isabel García Cebrián; Fernando Lera lópez. 2017. "Sports Results Measurement and Efficiency in UEFA Champions League." ATHENS JOURNAL OF SPORTS 4, no. 4: 291-312.
This study examines the role of regional government quality in health-related participation in sport and physical activity among adults (18-64 years) in 28 European countries. The importance of the analysis rests in the relative autonomy that regional and local governments have over policy decisions connected with sport and physical activity. While existing studies have focussed on economic and infrastructural investment and expenditure, this research investigates the quality of regional governments across 208 regions within 28 European countries. The individual-level data stem from the 2013 Eurobarometer 80.2 (n = 18,675) and were combined with regional-level data from Eurostat. An individual's level of participation in sport and physical activity was measured by three variables reflecting whether an individual's activity level is below, meets, or exceeds the recommendations of the World Health Organization. The results of multi-level analyses reveal that regional government quality has a significant and positive association with individual participation in sport and physical activity at a level meeting or exceeding the guidelines. The impact is much larger than that of regional gross domestic product per capita, indicating that regional disadvantage in terms of political quality is more relevant than being disadvantaged in terms of economic wealth.
Pamela Wicker; Paul Downward; Fernando Lera-López. Does regional disadvantage affect health-related sport and physical activity level? A multi-level analysis of individual behaviour. European Journal of Sport Science 2017, 17, 1350 -1359.
AMA StylePamela Wicker, Paul Downward, Fernando Lera-López. Does regional disadvantage affect health-related sport and physical activity level? A multi-level analysis of individual behaviour. European Journal of Sport Science. 2017; 17 (10):1350-1359.
Chicago/Turabian StylePamela Wicker; Paul Downward; Fernando Lera-López. 2017. "Does regional disadvantage affect health-related sport and physical activity level? A multi-level analysis of individual behaviour." European Journal of Sport Science 17, no. 10: 1350-1359.
This paper examines the impact of Internet use on economic growth and the extent to which educational inequality modulates this impact for a panel data set of 94 countries between 1995 and 2010. We obtain a positive and significant impact of Internet use on economic growth and a negative influence of educational inequality on the Internet’s impact on growth. When we disaggregate by income levels, the results indicate that Internet use is positively associated with economic growth for middle- and high-income countries. Educational inequality influences the impact of Internet use on economic growth only for middle- and low-income countries, although with the opposite sign. For middle-income countries, the impact is negative, while the impact is positive for low-income economies. The research provides evidence for the first time about how inequalities in education may limit the positive economic outcomes and benefits derived from the use of information and communication technologies.
Margarita Billon; Jorge Crespo; Fernando Lera-Lopez. Educational inequalities. Information Development 2017, 34, 447 -459.
AMA StyleMargarita Billon, Jorge Crespo, Fernando Lera-Lopez. Educational inequalities. Information Development. 2017; 34 (5):447-459.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMargarita Billon; Jorge Crespo; Fernando Lera-Lopez. 2017. "Educational inequalities." Information Development 34, no. 5: 447-459.
This paper examines the influence of educational inequality on the impacts of Internet use on economic growth. We use panel data estimations on a sample of 90 countries from 1995 to 2010. We find that Internet use has a positive impact on growth in both developing and developed countries. Furthermore, we also find that educational inequality negatively influences the impact of Internet use on economic growth, the effect being more significant in developing countries. The results highlight that in addition to the role played by the level of human capital, public policies should take into account the educational distribution to boost Internet use and favor its impacts on economic growth.
Margarita Billon; Jorge Crespo; Fernando Lera-Lopez. Internet, Educational Disparities, and Economic Growth: Differences Between Low-Middle and High-Income Countries. Catalyzing Development through ICT Adoption 2017, 51 -68.
AMA StyleMargarita Billon, Jorge Crespo, Fernando Lera-Lopez. Internet, Educational Disparities, and Economic Growth: Differences Between Low-Middle and High-Income Countries. Catalyzing Development through ICT Adoption. 2017; ():51-68.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMargarita Billon; Jorge Crespo; Fernando Lera-Lopez. 2017. "Internet, Educational Disparities, and Economic Growth: Differences Between Low-Middle and High-Income Countries." Catalyzing Development through ICT Adoption , no. : 51-68.
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the existence of patterns that combine innovation and information and communication technologies (ICT) use, and the factors explaining them in the European Union. Design/methodology/approach The authors use data for firms and households at the regional level in the EU-27. Factorial and cluster analyses are used to the determine combined patterns for both dimensions and to elaborate a taxonomy of the European regions, respectively. Finally, the multiple discriminant analysis serves to identify the factors that characterize the patterns detected. Findings The results show the existence of three regional clusters that capture different combinations of patenting and ICT use. Research and development (R&D) expenditure in the business sector, government quality, gross domestic product per capita, the number of researchers, and employment by the highest level of education attained are the key variables explaining the disparities in innovation and ICT use in the European regions. Research limitations/implications The conclusions point to the key role played by business R&D and knowledge resources within an institutional framework that facilitates actions oriented to benefiting regions through both knowledge creation and knowledge diffusion derived from the combined activities of innovation and ICT use. Originality/value The paper provides for the first time a characterization of the European regions that jointly considers innovation and ICT use. It also contributes to the literature by exploring differences in ICT use by households and firms, and the factors explaining them. The study can provide new insights into the design of public policies that may consider the common factors that explain combinations of innovation and technology use.
Margarita Billon; Rocío Marco; Fernando Lera-Lopez. Innovation and ICT use by firms and households in the EU. Information Technology & People 2017, 30, 424 -448.
AMA StyleMargarita Billon, Rocío Marco, Fernando Lera-Lopez. Innovation and ICT use by firms and households in the EU. Information Technology & People. 2017; 30 (2):424-448.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMargarita Billon; Rocío Marco; Fernando Lera-Lopez. 2017. "Innovation and ICT use by firms and households in the EU." Information Technology & People 30, no. 2: 424-448.
The aim of the article is to provide a regional approach to analyse sports participation in two different contexts: organised/formal versus non-organised/informal participation, using Sport England’s Active People Survey national data set. We have estimated two models: first, a general model to explain differences in regional informal and formal participation rates; second, an econometric model dealing with formal participation at a regular frequency. The results emphasise the different roles played by some correlates depending on the context of sports participation under study. Only economic and cultural variables seem to have a general influence throughout all the sports participation contexts. The results reinforce the role played by sport supply and sport funding in some sports participation levels, offering interesting implications for sport policy. The urban environment, for example, appears to be positively related to the transition from informal to formal sport participation. The distinct analyses of the sports participation contexts provide the opportunity to evaluate ways of boosting participation as well as to suggest some interesting policy implications towards this aim. For example, sporting infrastructure is only influential for the transition from non-participation to formal participation, implying that in general the key question about sport funding and supply is not the amount of funds but rather the direction and aims of sport policy. Finally, the article offers some explanations about the gender inequality detected in some forms of sports participation.
Themis Kokolakakis; Pablo Castellanos-García; Fernando Lera-Lopez. Differences in formal and informal sports participation at regional level in England. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics 2017, 9, 491 -504.
AMA StyleThemis Kokolakakis, Pablo Castellanos-García, Fernando Lera-Lopez. Differences in formal and informal sports participation at regional level in England. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics. 2017; 9 (3):491-504.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThemis Kokolakakis; Pablo Castellanos-García; Fernando Lera-Lopez. 2017. "Differences in formal and informal sports participation at regional level in England." International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics 9, no. 3: 491-504.
Margarita Billon; Fernando Lera-Lopez; Rocío Marco. Patterns of Combined ICT Use and Innovation in the European Regions. Journal of Global Information Technology Management 2017, 20, 28 -42.
AMA StyleMargarita Billon, Fernando Lera-Lopez, Rocío Marco. Patterns of Combined ICT Use and Innovation in the European Regions. Journal of Global Information Technology Management. 2017; 20 (1):28-42.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMargarita Billon; Fernando Lera-Lopez; Rocío Marco. 2017. "Patterns of Combined ICT Use and Innovation in the European Regions." Journal of Global Information Technology Management 20, no. 1: 28-42.