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This study aims to investigate the performances of widely used anode materials in the treatment of intermediate landfill leachate treatment by electrooxidation (EO) process. The raw leachate was collected from an 8-year-old landfill facility and had a chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 4660 mg/L, biological oxygen demand (BOD5) of 1370 mg/L, and total organic carbon (TOC) of 2260 mg/L. TOC and COD removal efficiencies of Boron-Doped Diamond (BDD), Pt, and four different Ti-based mixed metal oxide (MMO) anodes ((RuO2-TiO2, RuO2-IrO2, PtO2-IrO2, and IrO2-Ta2O5) were compared at the current densities of 25 mA/cm2, 75 mA/cm2, and 125 mA/cm2. At the highest current density, the BDD achieved 100% TOC and COD removal efficiencies in 240 min. BDD was followed by the Pt anode, which achieved 95.53% COD and 92.74% TOC removal efficiencies. The Pt electrode also had the lowest SEC values at all current densities. Although the performances of four MMO electrodes were very close, RuO2-TiO2 achieved a slightly higher performance than the others. It was concluded that Pt anode can be a promising alternative to BDD, which was 18 times more expensive, with its comparable pollutant removal performance and low specific energy consumption.
Orhan Taner Can; Leyla Gazigil; Ramazan Keyikoglu. Treatment of intermediate landfill leachate using different anode materials in electrooxidation process. Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleOrhan Taner Can, Leyla Gazigil, Ramazan Keyikoglu. Treatment of intermediate landfill leachate using different anode materials in electrooxidation process. Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOrhan Taner Can; Leyla Gazigil; Ramazan Keyikoglu. 2021. "Treatment of intermediate landfill leachate using different anode materials in electrooxidation process." Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy , no. : 1.
Sewage sludge hydrochars (SSHs), which are produced by hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), offer a high calorific value to be applied as a biofuel. However, HTC is a complex processand the properties of the resulting product depend heavily on the process conditions and feedstock composition. In this work, we have applied artificial neural networks (ANNs) to contribute to the production of tailored SSHs for a specific application and with optimum properties. We collected data from the published literature covering the years 2014–2021, which was then fed into different ANN models where the input data (HTC temperature, process time, and the elemental content of hydrochars) were used to predict output parameters (higher heating value, (HHV) and solid yield (%)). The proposed ANN models were successful in accurately predicting both HHV and contents of C and H. While the model NN1 (based on C, H, O content) exhibited HHV predicting performance with R2 = 0.974, another model, NN2, was also able to predict HHV with R2 = 0.936 using only C and H as input. Moreover, the inverse model of NN3 (based on H, O content, and HHV) could predict C content with an R2 of 0.939.
Theodoros Kapetanakis; Ioannis Vardiambasis; Christos Nikolopoulos; Antonios Konstantaras; Trinh Trang; Duy Khuong; Toshiki Tsubota; Ramazan Keyikoglu; Alireza Khataee; Dimitrios Kalderis. Towards Engineered Hydrochars: Application of Artificial Neural Networks in the Hydrothermal Carbonization of Sewage Sludge. Energies 2021, 14, 3000 .
AMA StyleTheodoros Kapetanakis, Ioannis Vardiambasis, Christos Nikolopoulos, Antonios Konstantaras, Trinh Trang, Duy Khuong, Toshiki Tsubota, Ramazan Keyikoglu, Alireza Khataee, Dimitrios Kalderis. Towards Engineered Hydrochars: Application of Artificial Neural Networks in the Hydrothermal Carbonization of Sewage Sludge. Energies. 2021; 14 (11):3000.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTheodoros Kapetanakis; Ioannis Vardiambasis; Christos Nikolopoulos; Antonios Konstantaras; Trinh Trang; Duy Khuong; Toshiki Tsubota; Ramazan Keyikoglu; Alireza Khataee; Dimitrios Kalderis. 2021. "Towards Engineered Hydrochars: Application of Artificial Neural Networks in the Hydrothermal Carbonization of Sewage Sludge." Energies 14, no. 11: 3000.
Although the incorporation of nanoparticles into ultrafiltration polymeric membranes has shown promising outcomes, their commercial implementation has yet to be fulfilled due to inconsistency in data, lack of a reliable recipe for the optimum filler content, and reluctance in disrupting the production line which requires significant time and resources. There is a growing demand among membrane communities for a design platform that can accelerate the discovery of new nanocomposite membranes. In this work, a feed-forward ANN (artificial neural network) model that has one hidden layer and the Bayesian regularization training algorithm were chosen for designing a graphical user interface platform to predict the ultrafiltration nanocomposite membrane performance, that is, solute rejection, flux recovery, and pure water flux, thereby saving time and resources used in membrane design. Experimental data (735 samples from 200 reports published between 2006 and 2020) were derived from the literature for training, validation, and testing of the ANN models. The results indicated that the best 30 ANN models produce the most accurate estimation of membrane performance using the seven input variables of polymer concentration, polymer type, filler concentration, average filler size, solvent concentration (in the dope solution), solvent type, and contact angle on the unseen data set. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis was performed on the achieved models to identify the most effective input variables for each nanocomposite membrane performance. This work has the potential to be extended to other mixed matrix membrane types that are going to be used for microfiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis, and so forth.
Masoud Fetanat; Mohammadali Keshtiara; Ze-Xian Low; Ramazan Keyikoglu; Alireza Khataee; Yasin Orooji; Vicki Chen; Gregory Leslie; Amir Razmjou. Machine Learning for Advanced Design of Nanocomposite Ultrafiltration Membranes. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2021, 60, 5236 -5250.
AMA StyleMasoud Fetanat, Mohammadali Keshtiara, Ze-Xian Low, Ramazan Keyikoglu, Alireza Khataee, Yasin Orooji, Vicki Chen, Gregory Leslie, Amir Razmjou. Machine Learning for Advanced Design of Nanocomposite Ultrafiltration Membranes. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. 2021; 60 (14):5236-5250.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMasoud Fetanat; Mohammadali Keshtiara; Ze-Xian Low; Ramazan Keyikoglu; Alireza Khataee; Yasin Orooji; Vicki Chen; Gregory Leslie; Amir Razmjou. 2021. "Machine Learning for Advanced Design of Nanocomposite Ultrafiltration Membranes." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 60, no. 14: 5236-5250.
Landfill leachate (LL) is highly toxic wastewater and comprises various pollutants such as organic compounds, biological organisms, xenobiotics, heavy metals, inorganic salts, and ammonia. The integration of conventional methods with membrane processes has become indispensable due to the enforcement of stricter regulations for the LL discharge. The integrated membrane technologies achieve a pollutant removal efficiency of higher than 95% with a large volume of treated leachate and a low capital cost investment. However, the drawback of these processes is the production of a membrane concentrate with even more hazardous characteristics. This review presents the state of the art methods along with the recent improvements to the existing processes for the treatment of membrane concentrates. The techniques are mainly divided into two categories of conventional, advanced methods and the hybridization of them. The operating conditions, performances of the individual processes along with wastewater characteristics were summarized in detail. Generally, the leachate concentrate properties such as salinity, COD, BOD5/COD ratio, and toxicity are essential parameters for the selection of appropriate treatment methods. It was found that single treatment processes are not able to reach desirable membrane concentrate treatment and need an engineered combination of these techniques to achieve satisfactory removal efficiencies.
Ramazan Keyikoglu; Okan Karatas; Hamidreza Rezania; Mehmet Kobya; Vahid Vatanpour; Alireza Khataee. A review on treatment of membrane concentrates generated from landfill leachate treatment processes. Separation and Purification Technology 2020, 259, 118182 .
AMA StyleRamazan Keyikoglu, Okan Karatas, Hamidreza Rezania, Mehmet Kobya, Vahid Vatanpour, Alireza Khataee. A review on treatment of membrane concentrates generated from landfill leachate treatment processes. Separation and Purification Technology. 2020; 259 ():118182.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRamazan Keyikoglu; Okan Karatas; Hamidreza Rezania; Mehmet Kobya; Vahid Vatanpour; Alireza Khataee. 2020. "A review on treatment of membrane concentrates generated from landfill leachate treatment processes." Separation and Purification Technology 259, no. : 118182.
In this study, the growing scientific field of alternative biofuels was examined, with respect to hydrochars produced from renewable biomasses. Hydrochars are the solid products of hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and their properties depend on the initial biomass and the temperature and duration of treatment. The basic (Scopus) and advanced (Citespace) analysis of literature showed that this is a dynamic research area, with several sub-fields of intense activity. The focus of researchers on sewage sludge and food waste as hydrochar precursors was highlighted and reviewed. It was established that hydrochars have improved behavior as fuels compared to these feedstocks. Food waste can be particularly useful in co-hydrothermal carbonization with ash-rich materials. In the case of sewage sludge, simultaneous P recovery from the HTC wastewater may add more value to the process. For both feedstocks, results from large-scale HTC are practically non-existent. Following the review, related data from the years 2014–2020 were retrieved and fitted into four different artificial neural networks (ANNs). Based on the elemental content, HTC temperature and time (as inputs), the higher heating values (HHVs) and yields (as outputs) could be successfully predicted, regardless of original biomass used for hydrochar production. ANN3 (based on C, O, H content, and HTC temperature) showed the optimum HHV predicting performance (R2 0.917, root mean square error 1.124), however, hydrochars’ HHVs could also be satisfactorily predicted by the C content alone (ANN1, R2 0.897, root mean square error 1.289).
Ioannis O. Vardiambasis; Theodoros N. Kapetanakis; Christos D. Nikolopoulos; Trinh Kieu Trang; Toshiki Tsubota; Ramazan Keyikoglu; Alireza Khataee; Dimitrios Kalderis. Hydrochars as Emerging Biofuels: Recent Advances and Application of Artificial Neural Networks for the Prediction of Heating Values. Energies 2020, 13, 4572 .
AMA StyleIoannis O. Vardiambasis, Theodoros N. Kapetanakis, Christos D. Nikolopoulos, Trinh Kieu Trang, Toshiki Tsubota, Ramazan Keyikoglu, Alireza Khataee, Dimitrios Kalderis. Hydrochars as Emerging Biofuels: Recent Advances and Application of Artificial Neural Networks for the Prediction of Heating Values. Energies. 2020; 13 (17):4572.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIoannis O. Vardiambasis; Theodoros N. Kapetanakis; Christos D. Nikolopoulos; Trinh Kieu Trang; Toshiki Tsubota; Ramazan Keyikoglu; Alireza Khataee; Dimitrios Kalderis. 2020. "Hydrochars as Emerging Biofuels: Recent Advances and Application of Artificial Neural Networks for the Prediction of Heating Values." Energies 13, no. 17: 4572.
This study presents the removal of thiocyanate (SCN−) from coke oven wastewater by the electrooxidation (EO) process. Initially, the performances boron-doped diamond (BDD) and different DSA (Dimensionally stable anode) electrodes including Ti/IrO2, Ti/IrO2−RuO2, and Ti/IrO2−RuO2−TiO2 in SCN− removal were compared. BDD anode outperformed the Ti−based mixed metal oxide (MMO) anodes achieving 96.51% SCN− removal efficiency. The most favorable conditions for the removal of SCN− using BDD anode were determined as follows: pH = 9, current density = 43.10 A m−2, and the electrolyte concentration (Na2SO4) = 2.5 g L−1. The strong role of ⦁OH in the removal of SCN− was confirmed by the addition of radical quenching agents. The evolution of the intermediates as a result of the EO of SCN− was determined. Under the determined conditions, the EO process could remove 84.13% of SCN− and 94.67% of phenol from a real coke oven wastewater, which was comparable to that of the simulated solution. The electrical energy consumption cost of the process to remove 1 kg of SCN− was calculated as 0.208 US $. Overall, the study showed the EO using BDD anode is a cost-effective method for the removal of SCN− from a coke oven wastewater.
Ayşenur Turan; Ramazan Keyikoglu; Mehmet Kobya; Alireza Khataee. Degradation of thiocyanate by electrochemical oxidation process in coke oven wastewater: Role of operative parameters and mechanistic study. Chemosphere 2020, 255, 127014 .
AMA StyleAyşenur Turan, Ramazan Keyikoglu, Mehmet Kobya, Alireza Khataee. Degradation of thiocyanate by electrochemical oxidation process in coke oven wastewater: Role of operative parameters and mechanistic study. Chemosphere. 2020; 255 ():127014.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAyşenur Turan; Ramazan Keyikoglu; Mehmet Kobya; Alireza Khataee. 2020. "Degradation of thiocyanate by electrochemical oxidation process in coke oven wastewater: Role of operative parameters and mechanistic study." Chemosphere 255, no. : 127014.
The high organic load and toxic content of coking oven wastewater (COW) challenge most of the conventional methods, which focus more on the removal of carbonaceous pollutants and less on the other toxic pollutants such as ammonia. To improve the treatment of COW, which had COD = 6600 mg/L, TOC = 1990 mg/L, SCN−=461 mg/L, NH3-N = 3430 mg/L, phenol = 1452 mg/L, and pH = 9.56, aeration was integrated to the electrochemical oxidation (EO). The effect of initial pH (5–12) and current density (140–700 A/m2) on the performance of the process was assessed. Also, the effect of aeration on the treatment of COW was determined by applying as stand-alone and integrated processes (combined and successive steps). All the experiments were performed both at controlled (pH was kept constant) and uncontrolled (pH was not adjusted) conditions. By applying the pseudo-first-order kinetic model, the contribution of aeration to the removal kinetics of the pollutants was clarified. The combined process of aeration/EO achieved 99.8% COD, 92.3% TOC, 100% NH3-N, 100% SCN−, and 100% phenol removal efficiencies. The total cost of the process, including electrical energy and chemical consumption, was determined as 52.10 $/m3 and 8.60 $/kg COD.
Cisel Iskurt; Ramazan Keyikoglu; Mehmet Kobya; Alireza Khataee. Treatment of coking wastewater by aeration assisted electrochemical oxidation process at controlled and uncontrolled initial pH conditions. Separation and Purification Technology 2020, 248, 117043 .
AMA StyleCisel Iskurt, Ramazan Keyikoglu, Mehmet Kobya, Alireza Khataee. Treatment of coking wastewater by aeration assisted electrochemical oxidation process at controlled and uncontrolled initial pH conditions. Separation and Purification Technology. 2020; 248 ():117043.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCisel Iskurt; Ramazan Keyikoglu; Mehmet Kobya; Alireza Khataee. 2020. "Treatment of coking wastewater by aeration assisted electrochemical oxidation process at controlled and uncontrolled initial pH conditions." Separation and Purification Technology 248, no. : 117043.
Comparative results of color removal performances of Reactive Blue 198 (RB198), Reactive Yellow (RY145) and Reactive Blue 19 (RB19) by electrocoagulation process are presented. Our primary objective was to investigate whether the dye molecular weight affects color removal performance. Dye removal costs of each dye were calculated and compared. Experiments were performed at current densities of 1.04, 2.08, 4.17 and 10.42 A/m2 in electrocoagulation (EC) reactor with aluminum electrodes connected parallel monopolar configuration. Laboratory-scale experiments were run in batch mode with 0.5 L synthetic dye solution volume and 50 mg/L initial dye concentration. Results showed that the color removal efficiencies were directly influenced by the molecular weight of the dyes. The color removal efficiency of the dye with the greatest molecular weight (RB198) was the highest, whereas the color removal efficiency of the dye with the smallest molecular weight (RB19) was the lowest. Moreover, results indicated that the operating cost of RB198 was significantly lower (2.91 $ per kg dye removed) than RY145 (6.61 $ per kg dye removed) and RB19 ($6.72 per kg dye removed) at a current density of 4.17 A/m2.
R. Keyikoglu; O. T. Can. The role of dye molecular weight on the decolorization performance of the electrocoagulation. Environment, Development and Sustainability 2020, 23, 3917 -3928.
AMA StyleR. Keyikoglu, O. T. Can. The role of dye molecular weight on the decolorization performance of the electrocoagulation. Environment, Development and Sustainability. 2020; 23 (3):3917-3928.
Chicago/Turabian StyleR. Keyikoglu; O. T. Can. 2020. "The role of dye molecular weight on the decolorization performance of the electrocoagulation." Environment, Development and Sustainability 23, no. 3: 3917-3928.
Herein activation of persoxydisulfate (PDS) was achieved by in-situ synthesized Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) from a sacrificial iron anode in an electrochemical (EC) cell. The as-synthesized Fe3O4 NPs were characterized to be in spherical and in the nano size. The performance of the process, EC-Fe3O4/PDS, was investigated in terms of atrazine (ATZ) degradation. Optimum process conditions were determined as initial pH of 5, electrolyte (Na2SO4) concentration of 1 mM, a current density of 1.67 A m−2, PDS concentration of 0.5 mM and initial ATZ concentration of 10 mg L–1. At optimum conditions, the EC-Fe3O4/PDS process could effectively degrade 80% of ATZ in an aqueous solution within a short reaction time of 20 min. The electrical energy consumption of the process was found to be quite low with 0.0307 kWh/m3. Based on the LC/MS analysis, the degradation pathway of ATZ with seven transformation products was proposed. Finally, a possible mechanism of the EC-Fe3O4/PDS process was put forward, which includes the activation of PDS and the role of radicals in the degradation of ATZ. In conclusion, the combination of Fe3O4 NPs catalyzed PDS oxidation with the EC process was very effective in the degradation of ATZ to dechlorinated final products. The strong synergistic effect makes this process superior to conventional methods due to the high degradation efficiency with low electrical energy and chemical consumption. Application of this method, with very low current density, may not only minimize the electrical energy consumption but also help reduce the sludge production due to the lower iron dissolution.
Ramazan Keyikoglu; Okan Karatas; Alireza Khataee; Mehmet Kobya; Orhan Taner Can; Reza Darvishi Cheshmeh Soltani; Mehmet Isleyen. Peroxydisulfate activation by in-situ synthesized Fe3O4 nanoparticles for degradation of atrazine: Performance and mechanism. Separation and Purification Technology 2020, 247, 116925 .
AMA StyleRamazan Keyikoglu, Okan Karatas, Alireza Khataee, Mehmet Kobya, Orhan Taner Can, Reza Darvishi Cheshmeh Soltani, Mehmet Isleyen. Peroxydisulfate activation by in-situ synthesized Fe3O4 nanoparticles for degradation of atrazine: Performance and mechanism. Separation and Purification Technology. 2020; 247 ():116925.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRamazan Keyikoglu; Okan Karatas; Alireza Khataee; Mehmet Kobya; Orhan Taner Can; Reza Darvishi Cheshmeh Soltani; Mehmet Isleyen. 2020. "Peroxydisulfate activation by in-situ synthesized Fe3O4 nanoparticles for degradation of atrazine: Performance and mechanism." Separation and Purification Technology 247, no. : 116925.
Karst aquifers usually have high vulnerability to groundwater pollution. This study aims to assess the risk of groundwater contamination in karst aquifers by two index overlay methods of intrinsic vulnerability (COP and PI) and to discuss the importance of hazard index values on risk assessment. Altinova region of Antalya, with intensive agricultural activities, was chosen as the pilot study area (PSA) for application. Seasonal monitoring studies were conducted at 25 sampling wells for many water quality parameters in addition to soil characteristics and depth to groundwater. The areas for low, moderate and high levels of vulnerability and risk were determined, where more than 90% of the PSA was classified as having moderate to very high vulnerability levels according to COP and PI methods. For validation of risk analysis results, nitrate concentrations were correlated with risk intensity values. Both methods were successful to assess the vulnerability and risk to groundwater pollution with high correlation. In addition, the impacts of hazard index values on groundwater pollution risk were investigated for two scenario conditions which represent the increase in the relative amount of pollutants caused by the greenhouses. As a result, the karstic part of the PSA was assessed to have a high risk of groundwater contamination by the COP method, where immediate control measures are necessary. In conclusion, the selection of suitable vulnerability methods for karst aquifers and assignment of realistic hazard index values are highly effective on risk analysis results to represent the actual conditions.
A. Çil; A. Muhammetoglu; N. N. Ozyurt; Firdes Yenilmez; Ramazan Keyikoglu; A. Amil. Assessment of groundwater contamination risk with scenario analysis of hazard quantification for a karst aquifer in Antalya, Turkey. Environmental Earth Sciences 2020, 79, 1 -14.
AMA StyleA. Çil, A. Muhammetoglu, N. N. Ozyurt, Firdes Yenilmez, Ramazan Keyikoglu, A. Amil. Assessment of groundwater contamination risk with scenario analysis of hazard quantification for a karst aquifer in Antalya, Turkey. Environmental Earth Sciences. 2020; 79 (9):1-14.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Çil; A. Muhammetoglu; N. N. Ozyurt; Firdes Yenilmez; Ramazan Keyikoglu; A. Amil. 2020. "Assessment of groundwater contamination risk with scenario analysis of hazard quantification for a karst aquifer in Antalya, Turkey." Environmental Earth Sciences 79, no. 9: 1-14.
Laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of some supporting electrolytes on the treatment of Reactive Black 5 (RB5) by electrocoagulation using aluminum and iron electrode couples. Electrolytes, which contain Cl−, SO42−, NO− anions and Na+, K+, NH4+ cations, were compared in terms of color removal efficiencies. The presence of SO42− led to poor performances with aluminum electrodes yielding a removal efficiency close to 45% at 8.33 A/m2. Similarly, the presence of NO3− when iron electrodes were used adversely affected the process performance. The removal efficiency with KNO3 was 49.1% at 8.33 A/m2. Overall Cl− containing electrolytes performed well achieving almost complete decolorization (99.9%) regardless of the electrode type. The performance of Al electrode considerably improved in the presence of NH4+, achieving 98.0% and 99.1% removal efficiencies at the current densities of 4.17 A/m2 and 8.33 A/m2, respectively in 10 min treatment duration.
Ramazan Keyikoglu; Orhan Taner Can; Ahmet Aygun; Ahu Tek. Comparison of the effects of various supporting electrolytes on the treatment of a dye solution by electrocoagulation process. Colloid and Interface Science Communications 2019, 33, 100210 .
AMA StyleRamazan Keyikoglu, Orhan Taner Can, Ahmet Aygun, Ahu Tek. Comparison of the effects of various supporting electrolytes on the treatment of a dye solution by electrocoagulation process. Colloid and Interface Science Communications. 2019; 33 ():100210.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRamazan Keyikoglu; Orhan Taner Can; Ahmet Aygun; Ahu Tek. 2019. "Comparison of the effects of various supporting electrolytes on the treatment of a dye solution by electrocoagulation process." Colloid and Interface Science Communications 33, no. : 100210.
Pesticide contamination of groundwater is a common critical problem faced by many countries due to excessive and unconscious applications. As a result of increasing concerns about pesticides, several qualitative and quantitative risk assessment models/indicators were developed and applied. In this study, a practical approach was presented for the protection of groundwater from pesticide contamination. The first phase is the assessment of the specific vulnerability of groundwater to pesticide contamination using the DRASTIC-Pesticide model. The second phase is the monitoring and assessment of groundwater quality to verify vulnerability assessment. The third phase is to assess the impacts of pesticides on the environment and human health using a commonly applied pesticide risk indicator, the environmental impact quotient (EIQ). The pilot study area (PSA) is the Altinova region at Antalya city of Turkey which exhibits intensive agricultural activities and covers an approximate surface area of 75 km2. A total of 25 groundwater wells were chosen for monitoring of groundwater quality where four sessions of seasonal field measurements were conducted for 1 year. Two sessions of water quality analyses were also performed for many physical, bacteriological, and chemical parameters, including pesticides. Additionally, soil samples were analyzed, site surveys were conducted, and other relevant information (topographical, geological and meteorological characteristics, pesticide use and toxicological data sets, etc.) was gathered. The PSA was determined to have high vulnerability to contamination of groundwater, and it was verified through monitoring results. The commonly used pesticides in the PSA were ranked according to their risks to select pesticides with the least environmental impacts.
A. Muhammetoglu; Ramazan Keyikoglu; A. Cil. Integrated management of pesticides in an intensive agricultural area: a case study in Altinova, Turkey. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 2019, 191, 599 .
AMA StyleA. Muhammetoglu, Ramazan Keyikoglu, A. Cil. Integrated management of pesticides in an intensive agricultural area: a case study in Altinova, Turkey. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 2019; 191 (9):599.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Muhammetoglu; Ramazan Keyikoglu; A. Cil. 2019. "Integrated management of pesticides in an intensive agricultural area: a case study in Altinova, Turkey." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 191, no. 9: 599.