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El artículo aborda la comunalización del cuidado y el sostenimiento de la vida en condiciones de crisis. Partiendo de investigación cualitativa acerca de los procesos de reproducción en una localidad periférica de la costa manabita tras el terremoto de 2016 en Ecuador, el texto discute la potencia y los límites de la acción comunitaria. Ésta se rearticula cuando lo que resguarda el diario vivir -cobijo, alimentación, salud, educación, agua, etc.- colapsa. Inmersa en un contexto histórico de explotación laboral y territorial y de una limitada acción estatal, la población pone en marcha dinámicas de cooperación y cogestión en distintos frentes, y transforma las que operaban previamente. Discutiendo con la literatura sobre cuidado, comunidad y común desde el feminismo y la que trabaja sobre vulnerabilidad, riesgo y desastres, la pregunta central que motiva la reflexión es: ¿qué informa el análisis de este tipo de crisis sobre las prácticas comunales de reproducción social?
Cristina Vega; Ailynn Torres Santana; Myriam Paredes. Crisis reproductiva, cuidados y sostenimiento en contextos de desastre. Experiencias comunitarias tras el terremoto en Ecuador. Revista Española de Sociología 2021, 30, a34 -a34.
AMA StyleCristina Vega, Ailynn Torres Santana, Myriam Paredes. Crisis reproductiva, cuidados y sostenimiento en contextos de desastre. Experiencias comunitarias tras el terremoto en Ecuador. Revista Española de Sociología. 2021; 30 (2):a34-a34.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCristina Vega; Ailynn Torres Santana; Myriam Paredes. 2021. "Crisis reproductiva, cuidados y sostenimiento en contextos de desastre. Experiencias comunitarias tras el terremoto en Ecuador." Revista Española de Sociología 30, no. 2: a34-a34.
Modern food systems generate social inequalities in the access to healthy food, but some families maintain behaviors that provide an alternative to these systems. Agroecological consumers (ACs) and non-agroecological direct market consumers (DMCs) are key actors in alternative food systems. We assessed the characteristics of ACs and DMCs using data from a representative sample of households in Ibarra, Quito and Riobamba (n = 2914). We also deepened the exploration of motivations for adopting these practices through mini-ethnographies with families who were identified as ACs or DMCs (n = 15). We found motivations related to personal health problems, food quality (e.g., taste, freshness), and safety (e.g., avoiding pesticides) to be key. Other motivations were price and community solidarity with farmers. Barriers included inconvenience, lack of awareness, and insecurity of market location. Using Chi-square tests, we found differences between ACs and DMCs on place of residence, education, employment, health, and diet. Controlling for socioeconomic and health variables using logistic regressions, we found DMC dietary habits to be similar to the remainder of the study population, except that they were less likely to eat processed foods less frequently (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 0.6, 95% confidence interval 0.4–0.9). In contrast, ACs were more likely than the remainder of the study population to control their salt intake (3.2, 1.9–5.2) and have greater knowledge of nutrition labels (2.8, 1.7–4.6). They were more likely to eat traditional foods frequently (1.9, 1.1–3.3), fruit and vegetables daily (1.6, 1.0–2.8), and processed foods less frequently (2.7, 1.5–4.8). Hence, these two types of alternative food provisioning practices (AC and DMC) were adopted by different types of consumers, with heterogenous motivations and food consumption practices. These findings have implications for public health initiatives aiming to scale up the nutrition and ecological potential of alternative food systems.
Gabriel April-Lalonde; Sara Latorre; Myriam Paredes; María Hurtado; Fabián Muñoz; Ana Deaconu; Donald Cole; Malek Batal. Characteristics and Motivations of Consumers of Direct Purchasing Channels and the Perceived Barriers to Alternative Food Purchase: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Ecuadorian Andes. Sustainability 2020, 12, 6923 .
AMA StyleGabriel April-Lalonde, Sara Latorre, Myriam Paredes, María Hurtado, Fabián Muñoz, Ana Deaconu, Donald Cole, Malek Batal. Characteristics and Motivations of Consumers of Direct Purchasing Channels and the Perceived Barriers to Alternative Food Purchase: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Ecuadorian Andes. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (17):6923.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGabriel April-Lalonde; Sara Latorre; Myriam Paredes; María Hurtado; Fabián Muñoz; Ana Deaconu; Donald Cole; Malek Batal. 2020. "Characteristics and Motivations of Consumers of Direct Purchasing Channels and the Perceived Barriers to Alternative Food Purchase: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Ecuadorian Andes." Sustainability 12, no. 17: 6923.
In rural studies, peasants are commonly characterized as part of a victimized class and product of the market, leading to a rising battle of ‘resistance’ against the avarice of a ‘global capitalist system’. An analytical preoccupation with resistance, however, can conceal the relational dynamics involved in a people's day-to-day constitution of its multi-sited realities and territories -- a socio-political-material state of ‘existence’. Through empirical study of the everyday being and becoming in a peri-urban food fair, we explore the labor of first generation rural-urban migrants, described here as the ‘quasi-virtual-campesino’, involved in forging a neighborhood in Carcelen, a satellite city of northernmost Quito, Ecuador. Following a period of rapid professionalization and integration into a modern commercial economy, denizens have organized around modes of activity that factor into a ‘responsible consumption’ campaign as a means of affect and to be affected. In the process, they have reactivated the past, a mix of new possibilities around food diversification, and formative interactions to enhance the singular situation of peri-urban existence. Despite apparent marginalization of the rural-urban migrant, we find the quasi-virtual-campesino in Carcelen capable of mobilizing affective labor through its creation of an unprecedented Solidarity & Agroecology Fair. In terms of emergent forms, qualities, and overall residuality of the neighborhood's food experiences and products, affective labor and (re)terriorialization are concomitant entities involved in the constitution of a pagus or intersubjective, relational field of interacting socio-political-material activity and open-ended resonance with peasant and ecological ideals. Ultimately, the Carcelen Fair exposes problems with the common depiction of the modern peasantry, in particular concerning neglect to the relationality found in people's practices, assemblages, and their intersubjectivities in and through food -- at what Anna Tsing has described as the ‘unruly edge’ of pericapitalism.
Stephen G. Sherwood; Alberto Arce; Myriam Paredes. Affective Labor's ‘unruly edge’: The pagus of Carcelen's Solidarity & Agroecology Fair in Ecuador. Journal of Rural Studies 2018, 61, 302 -313.
AMA StyleStephen G. Sherwood, Alberto Arce, Myriam Paredes. Affective Labor's ‘unruly edge’: The pagus of Carcelen's Solidarity & Agroecology Fair in Ecuador. Journal of Rural Studies. 2018; 61 ():302-313.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStephen G. Sherwood; Alberto Arce; Myriam Paredes. 2018. "Affective Labor's ‘unruly edge’: The pagus of Carcelen's Solidarity & Agroecology Fair in Ecuador." Journal of Rural Studies 61, no. : 302-313.
Alberto Arce; Stephen Sherwood; Myriam Paredes. Introduction. Food, Agriculture and Social Change 2017, 1 -20.
AMA StyleAlberto Arce, Stephen Sherwood, Myriam Paredes. Introduction. Food, Agriculture and Social Change. 2017; ():1-20.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlberto Arce; Stephen Sherwood; Myriam Paredes. 2017. "Introduction." Food, Agriculture and Social Change , no. : 1-20.
Stephen Sherwood; Ana Deaconu; Myriam Paredes. 250,000 Families Campaign. Food, Agriculture and Social Change 2017, 198 -210.
AMA StyleStephen Sherwood, Ana Deaconu, Myriam Paredes. 250,000 Families Campaign. Food, Agriculture and Social Change. 2017; ():198-210.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStephen Sherwood; Ana Deaconu; Myriam Paredes. 2017. "250,000 Families Campaign." Food, Agriculture and Social Change , no. : 198-210.
In exploring the social dynamics of agrofood movements in Ecuador as examples of self-organization (i.e., locally distributed and resolved development), this article departs from a preoccupation with innovation by means of design and the use of scaling as a metaphor for describing research contributions in agriculture and food. The case material highlights that much development is contingent, unpredictable, and unmanageable as well as unbound to fixed spaces or places. In their study of people’s daily practice, the authors do not find clear boundaries between dichotomies of internal–external, lay–expert, traditional–modern, or local–global organization, but heterogeneous blends of each. For the purposes of sustainable development, this highlights the need for attention to be paid to relationships (social, material, and biological), adaptation (the capacity to innovate), and responsibility (adherence to norms of sustainability). Far from romanticizing self-organization, the authors acknowledge that people and their institutions share varying degrees of complicity for the goods as well as the bads of their economic activity, such as mass soil degradation, agrobiodiversity loss, and poisoning by pesticides. Nevertheless, even under highly difficult conditions, certain actors effectively bypass the limitations of formal institutions in forging a socio-technical course of action (i.e., policy) for relatively healthy living and being. As such, the authors have come to appreciate self-organization as a neglected, if paradoxical, resource for policy transition towards more sustainable agriculture and food.
Stephen Sherwood; Severine Van Bommel; Myriam Paredes. Self-Organization and the Bypass: Re-Imagining Institutions for More Sustainable Development in Agriculture and Food. Agriculture 2016, 6, 66 .
AMA StyleStephen Sherwood, Severine Van Bommel, Myriam Paredes. Self-Organization and the Bypass: Re-Imagining Institutions for More Sustainable Development in Agriculture and Food. Agriculture. 2016; 6 (4):66.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStephen Sherwood; Severine Van Bommel; Myriam Paredes. 2016. "Self-Organization and the Bypass: Re-Imagining Institutions for More Sustainable Development in Agriculture and Food." Agriculture 6, no. 4: 66.
Joan Gross; Micaela Hammer; Myriam Paredes; Stephen Sherwood. The Future of Sustainability as a Product of the Present: Lessons from Modern Food in Ecuador. RIVISTA DI STUDI SULLA SOSTENIBILITA' 2014, 83 -103.
AMA StyleJoan Gross, Micaela Hammer, Myriam Paredes, Stephen Sherwood. The Future of Sustainability as a Product of the Present: Lessons from Modern Food in Ecuador. RIVISTA DI STUDI SULLA SOSTENIBILITA'. 2014; (2):83-103.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoan Gross; Micaela Hammer; Myriam Paredes; Stephen Sherwood. 2014. "The Future of Sustainability as a Product of the Present: Lessons from Modern Food in Ecuador." RIVISTA DI STUDI SULLA SOSTENIBILITA' , no. 2: 83-103.
Based on reflective practice over 15 years in Ecuador, the authors examine the perpetuation of knowingly harmful public policy in highly toxic pesticides. They study how actors cooperate, collude, and collide in advancing certain technological agenda, even when against public interests. Ultimately, entrenchment of perspective opened up space for arrival of new social actors and competing activity and transition. In light of struggles for sustainability, the authors find neglected policy opportunities in the heterogeneity of peoples' daily practices and countermovements, leading to a call for further attention to the inherently incoherent, complex, and irresolvable human face of sociotechnical change.
Stephen G. Sherwood; Myriam Paredes. Dynamics of Perpetuation: The Politics of Keeping Highly Toxic Pesticides on the Market in Ecuador. Nature and Culture 2014, 9, 21 -44.
AMA StyleStephen G. Sherwood, Myriam Paredes. Dynamics of Perpetuation: The Politics of Keeping Highly Toxic Pesticides on the Market in Ecuador. Nature and Culture. 2014; 9 (1):21-44.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStephen G. Sherwood; Myriam Paredes. 2014. "Dynamics of Perpetuation: The Politics of Keeping Highly Toxic Pesticides on the Market in Ecuador." Nature and Culture 9, no. 1: 21-44.
The contribution of community-based interventions, including farmer field schools (FFSs) in integrated pest management (IPM), to reducing pesticide exposures and associated neurotoxic burden among small-farm families in Ecuador was assessed in three Andean farming communities in a co-design of targeted action-research. Baseline questionnaire surveys elicited pesticide-related knowledge, practices, and exposure and neurobehavioral assessments were done using an adapted WHO battery. Pesticide applications on plots farmed by FFS versus non-FFS participants were compared. A year later, repeated surveys of participating households (n = 29) and neurobehavioral testing of individuals (n = 63) permitted comparisons of pre- and post-intervention values. The FFS graduates applied pesticides on their plots less frequently (p = 0.171). FFS households had increased pesticide-related knowledge of labels and exposure risk factors (both p < 0.004), better pesticide-handling practices (p < 0.01), and less skin exposure (p < 0.01). Neurobehavioural status had improved, particularly digit span and visuo-spatial function, resulting in overall z-score increases. Thus, community interventions reduced pesticide use, reported skin exposure, and neurotoxic burden among smallholder farm families.
Donald C. Cole; Stephen Sherwood; Myriam Paredes; Luz Helena Sanín; Charles Crissman; Patricio Espinosa; Fabián Muñoz. Reducing Pesticide Exposure and Associated Neurotoxic Burden in an Ecuadorian Small Farm Population. International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health 2007, 13, 281 -289.
AMA StyleDonald C. Cole, Stephen Sherwood, Myriam Paredes, Luz Helena Sanín, Charles Crissman, Patricio Espinosa, Fabián Muñoz. Reducing Pesticide Exposure and Associated Neurotoxic Burden in an Ecuadorian Small Farm Population. International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health. 2007; 13 (3):281-289.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDonald C. Cole; Stephen Sherwood; Myriam Paredes; Luz Helena Sanín; Charles Crissman; Patricio Espinosa; Fabián Muñoz. 2007. "Reducing Pesticide Exposure and Associated Neurotoxic Burden in an Ecuadorian Small Farm Population." International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health 13, no. 3: 281-289.
Donald Cole; Luz Helena Sanin; Myriam Paredes; Stephen Sherwood; Charles Crissman; Selahadin Ibrahim. Reducing insecticide neurotoxic burden among small farm families. PsycEXTRA Dataset 2005, 1 .
AMA StyleDonald Cole, Luz Helena Sanin, Myriam Paredes, Stephen Sherwood, Charles Crissman, Selahadin Ibrahim. Reducing insecticide neurotoxic burden among small farm families. PsycEXTRA Dataset. 2005; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDonald Cole; Luz Helena Sanin; Myriam Paredes; Stephen Sherwood; Charles Crissman; Selahadin Ibrahim. 2005. "Reducing insecticide neurotoxic burden among small farm families." PsycEXTRA Dataset , no. : 1.