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Cities in developing countries face acute pressures due to increased motorization, urbanization and growing population. Urban transport planning systems can fuel healthy cities, yet research examining the interface between policies and needs in Africa remains scarce. A mixed-methods approach was used to assess the alignment between urban transport policies and self-reported citizens’ needs in Port Louis city (Mauritius). Logistic regression models were run to detect associations between needs and demographic indicators (age, gender, income). Three policy measures were assessed: light metro rail system, bus modernization scheme and road decongestion program. Six citizen needs and six mode of transit preferences were extracted from 1523 surveys (N). Citizens reported the need for improving sidewalks (80%), public spaces (77%), green spaces (67%), pedestrianizing strategic areas (66%), centralizing street-vendors at bus stations (57%) and regulating private vehicles entry in town (40%). The policies addressed 3 out of 6 needs, of which all were more likely to be expressed by poorer population groups. The policies did not respond to citizen needs for active modes of travel. They did not address health and social co-benefits of transport. Rather they emphasized an economic agenda focused on transport infrastructure as opposed to policy reforms in line with public needs that much more strongly highlight the integration of urban transport planning in social life. Citizen-centred approaches provide a unique opportunity to reform urban transport planning policies towards more healthy and equitable cities in developing countries.
M. Thondoo; O. Marquet; S. Márquez; M.J. Nieuwenhuijsen. Small cities, big needs: Urban transport planning in cities of developing countries. Journal of Transport & Health 2020, 19, 100944 .
AMA StyleM. Thondoo, O. Marquet, S. Márquez, M.J. Nieuwenhuijsen. Small cities, big needs: Urban transport planning in cities of developing countries. Journal of Transport & Health. 2020; 19 ():100944.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Thondoo; O. Marquet; S. Márquez; M.J. Nieuwenhuijsen. 2020. "Small cities, big needs: Urban transport planning in cities of developing countries." Journal of Transport & Health 19, no. : 100944.
Despite the recent growth and popularity of ride-hailing services throughout the world, there's still a lack of research on its determinants. This paper aims to examine the associations between ride-hailing and their spatial distribution in relation to key socioeconomic and built environment characteristics both at the trip origin and destination. To do so the study uses official data provided by Transportation Network Companies operating in the city of Chicago, with 32 million trips logged between November 1st, 2018 to June 28th, 2019. Among the built environment attributes we focus on the relationship between walkability levels and demand for ride-hailing. Study findings indicate an association between ride-hailing and income levels, car-availability and race-ethnicity. Results also suggest a positive association between walkability at either trip origin or trip destination and ride-hailing demand, together with a negative one between access to transit and ride-hail use. Findings suggest some worrisome conclusions, with ride-hailing being seldom used among the more deprived areas. Ride-hailing is predominantly being used to travel between highly accessible areas which should be accessed using more sustainable transport modes. Positive takeaways are the lack of race disparities in ride-hailing demand and the capacity of ride-hailing to interact and complement public transit provision.
Oriol Marquet. Spatial distribution of ride-hailing trip demand and its association with walkability and neighborhood characteristics. Cities 2020, 106, 102926 .
AMA StyleOriol Marquet. Spatial distribution of ride-hailing trip demand and its association with walkability and neighborhood characteristics. Cities. 2020; 106 ():102926.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOriol Marquet. 2020. "Spatial distribution of ride-hailing trip demand and its association with walkability and neighborhood characteristics." Cities 106, no. : 102926.
Urban mobility is currently undergoing significant changes in cities worldwide, as gendered mobilities are converging and automobility is on a downward trend among younger cohorts. The aim of this study was to examine the dynamics of gendered mobilities over generations and across three different urban contexts in the Barcelona Metropolitan Region (northeast Spain), in an effort to understand whether the mobility gender gap is closing and whether young adults have lowered their private transport levels. Generalized linear models were built to analyze travel survey data from the Working Day Mobility Survey (EMEF) to comprehend mobility changes between 2008 and 2018. The study identified a generational countertrend among new generations of young adults, who reported more sustainable mobility practices than their predecessors. Furthermore, results show a general trend towards gender convergence of travel behavior on the outskirts of the Barcelona Metropolitan Region, but also a tendency towards gender divergence in the core area of Barcelona City. Since the mobility gender gap is closer to convergence in those areas where private transport use is more widespread, future efforts towards achieving climate objectives should aim at decoupling such gender convergence from car-dependent built environments.
Jerònia Cubells; Oriol Marquet; Carme Miralles-Guasch. Gender and Age Differences in Metropolitan Car Use. Recent Gender Gap Trends in Private Transport. Sustainability 2020, 12, 7286 .
AMA StyleJerònia Cubells, Oriol Marquet, Carme Miralles-Guasch. Gender and Age Differences in Metropolitan Car Use. Recent Gender Gap Trends in Private Transport. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (18):7286.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJerònia Cubells; Oriol Marquet; Carme Miralles-Guasch. 2020. "Gender and Age Differences in Metropolitan Car Use. Recent Gender Gap Trends in Private Transport." Sustainability 12, no. 18: 7286.
The relationships between the built environment characteristics and personal factors influencing public transport use and the ways they interact are not well understood. we aim to advance the understanding of the relationship between built environment and frequency of public transport use in seven European cities, while accounting for other factors, such as individual values and attitudes. in this population-based cross-sectional study, we collected information on mobility behaviour including frequency of public transport use, individual characteristics, and attitudes towards transport, environment and health issues (N = 9952). Home and work/study built environment characteristics were determined with GIS-based techniques. We also applied factor and principal component analyses to define profiles of potential correlates. Logistic regression analyses for each frequency category of public transport use (1–3 days/month, 1–3 days/week, and daily or almost daily), using as reference “never or less than once a month”, were applied. City was included as random effect. Over all, a large percentage of participants reported daily or almost daily public transport use for travel (40.5%), with a wide range across cities (from 7.1% in Örebro to 59.8% in Zurich). Being female, highly educated, a student, or not working increased the odds of higher frequency of using public transport, while having access to a car and/or a bike reduced the odds. Living or working in high-density areas was associated with higher frequency of public transport use, while living or working in low-density areas was associated with lower frequency (1–3 days/month or 1–3 days/week). We observed interactions between built environment characteristics and having access to a car and/or a bike. For instance, greater distance between the residential and the work or study address increased the odds of higher frequency of public transport use, except among participants who owned a car but not a bike. Regarding individual values and attitudes towards public transport use, valuing lower travel cost and shorter travel time was associated with daily or almost daily public transport use, while valuing low exposure to air pollution, personal health benefits while travelling, as well as flexibility and predictability, were associated with more sporadic use. We demonstrate, using one of the largest population-based comprehensive multi-city surveys across European cities with varying social and physical contexts, that dense urban environments, reliable and affordable public transport services, and limiting motorized vehicles in high density areas of the cities will help achieve much needed promotion of public transport use.
Mireia Gascon; Oriol Marquet; Esther Gràcia-Lavedan; Albert Ambròs; Thomas Götschi; Audrey De. Nazelle; Luc Int Panis; Regine Gerike; Christian Brand; Evi Dons; Ulf Eriksson; Francesco Iacorossi; Ione Ávila-Palència; Tom Cole-Hunter; Mark J. Nieuwenhuisjen. What explains public transport use? Evidence from seven European cities. Transport Policy 2020, 99, 362 -374.
AMA StyleMireia Gascon, Oriol Marquet, Esther Gràcia-Lavedan, Albert Ambròs, Thomas Götschi, Audrey De. Nazelle, Luc Int Panis, Regine Gerike, Christian Brand, Evi Dons, Ulf Eriksson, Francesco Iacorossi, Ione Ávila-Palència, Tom Cole-Hunter, Mark J. Nieuwenhuisjen. What explains public transport use? Evidence from seven European cities. Transport Policy. 2020; 99 ():362-374.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMireia Gascon; Oriol Marquet; Esther Gràcia-Lavedan; Albert Ambròs; Thomas Götschi; Audrey De. Nazelle; Luc Int Panis; Regine Gerike; Christian Brand; Evi Dons; Ulf Eriksson; Francesco Iacorossi; Ione Ávila-Palència; Tom Cole-Hunter; Mark J. Nieuwenhuisjen. 2020. "What explains public transport use? Evidence from seven European cities." Transport Policy 99, no. : 362-374.
Preventing Chronic Disease (PCD) is a peer-reviewed electronic journal established by the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. PCD provides an open exchange of information and knowledge among researchers, practitioners, policy makers, and others who strive to improve the health of the public through chronic disease prevention.
Oriol Marquet; S. Scott Ogletree; J. Aaron Hipp; Luis J. Suau; Candice B. Horvath; Alexander Sinykin; Myron F. Floyd. Effects of Crime Type and Location on Park Use Behavior. Preventing Chronic Disease 2020, 17, E73 .
AMA StyleOriol Marquet, S. Scott Ogletree, J. Aaron Hipp, Luis J. Suau, Candice B. Horvath, Alexander Sinykin, Myron F. Floyd. Effects of Crime Type and Location on Park Use Behavior. Preventing Chronic Disease. 2020; 17 ():E73.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOriol Marquet; S. Scott Ogletree; J. Aaron Hipp; Luis J. Suau; Candice B. Horvath; Alexander Sinykin; Myron F. Floyd. 2020. "Effects of Crime Type and Location on Park Use Behavior." Preventing Chronic Disease 17, no. : E73.
La ubicació suburbana del campus de la UAB implica que el 94,2% de la comunitat universitària fa servir el transport motoritzat en el desplaçament quotidià al seu lloc d’estudi o treball. En tractar-se d’uns desplaçaments definits per un mateix motiu i una única destinació, es facilita l’anàlisi de la influència que el gènere i l’edat exerceixen en la utilització dels mitjans de transport, especialment l’elecció entre el transport públic i el privat. Aquest article analitza el repartiment modal i els principals motius d’elecció del mitjà de transport d’accés al campus universitari de la UAB. Es troben evidències significatives entre alumnat i personal (docent i administratiu), i també entre homes i dones. Una comprensió profunda de l’ús dels diferents mitjans de transport motoritzat amb relació a diferents grups poblacionals és fonamental per al disseny i la implementació de polítiques públiques dirigides a la reducció dels transports menys sostenibles.
Monika Maciejewska; Carme Miralles-Guasch; Oriol Marquet. Perfiles de población y uso de los transportes motorizados. Evidencias desde el campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB). Documents d'Anàlisi Geogràfica 2020, 66, 629 -648.
AMA StyleMonika Maciejewska, Carme Miralles-Guasch, Oriol Marquet. Perfiles de población y uso de los transportes motorizados. Evidencias desde el campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB). Documents d'Anàlisi Geogràfica. 2020; 66 (3):629-648.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMonika Maciejewska; Carme Miralles-Guasch; Oriol Marquet. 2020. "Perfiles de población y uso de los transportes motorizados. Evidencias desde el campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB)." Documents d'Anàlisi Geogràfica 66, no. 3: 629-648.
Metropolitan university campuses (MUCs) are of interest for policymaking given their general highly car-oriented nature, and the subsequent need to promote policies that enhance sustainable accessibility outcomes. Hence, a growing body of research has emerged over the last decade focusing on travel behavior associated with those metropolitan enclaves. However, limited attention has been paid to distance decay effects on modal choice in the context of MUCs, and that is the main focus of the present research. Based on a representative travel survey, this study analyses the effect of distance to the closest railway station on the decision to use public transportation to travel to the main campus of the Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB). Changes in the distance decay effect per sociodemographic group and trip characteristics are also analyzed. Results suggest that the effect of distance decay is key to understand the modal choice among noncaptive commuters, but that the magnitude and spatial dimension of this effect varies deeply along socioeconomic variables and commuting practices such as the university role. Findings show specific profile-based distance thresholds of modal choice that will contribute to our understanding of both future travel patterns among UAB members and the design of efficient transportation policies.
Guillem Vich; Xavier Delclòs-Alió; Julio A. Soria-Lara; Oriol Marquet; Carme Miralles-Guasch. DISTANCE DECAY EFFECTS ON PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION RIDERSHIP IN THE CONTEXT OF A METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY CAMPUS: EVIDENCE FROM THE AUTONOMOUS UNIVERSITY OF BARCELONA. Geographical Review 2020, 111, 373 -392.
AMA StyleGuillem Vich, Xavier Delclòs-Alió, Julio A. Soria-Lara, Oriol Marquet, Carme Miralles-Guasch. DISTANCE DECAY EFFECTS ON PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION RIDERSHIP IN THE CONTEXT OF A METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY CAMPUS: EVIDENCE FROM THE AUTONOMOUS UNIVERSITY OF BARCELONA. Geographical Review. 2020; 111 (3):373-392.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGuillem Vich; Xavier Delclòs-Alió; Julio A. Soria-Lara; Oriol Marquet; Carme Miralles-Guasch. 2020. "DISTANCE DECAY EFFECTS ON PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION RIDERSHIP IN THE CONTEXT OF A METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY CAMPUS: EVIDENCE FROM THE AUTONOMOUS UNIVERSITY OF BARCELONA." Geographical Review 111, no. 3: 373-392.
Background Senior centers offer important opportunities for physical activity and social interaction. Seniors who visit a senior center regularly can gain physical activity from transportation and from specific activities offered within the senior center. However, there is very little knowledge regarding the specific physical activity gains obtained from regular visits to senior centers, and no effort has been made to use device-based measures of physical activity to test the potential physical activity benefits of attending a senior center. Methods To fill this gap, the present study examined the physical activity patterns of 227 seniors living in the Barcelona Metropolitan Area in Spain. Using GPS and Accelerometer 7-day tracking data, and GIS measures we assessed the light physical activity and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) benefits of attending the senior center on a weekly and daily basis. Results Seniors who attended a senior center at least once a week did not accumulate significantly more daily physical activity (211.6 min; 95% CI 196.6; 226.6) than seniors without any visit 215.9 min; 95% CI 202.7; 229). However, on a day-to-day basis, it was found that visiting a senior center had positive effects in physical activity and was associated with less sedentary time among younger participants in general (− 18.2 daily min 95% CI − 33.2;-3.3 p = 0.016) and among older female participants in particular (− 19.7 daily min 95% CI -21.06;-18.5 p = 0.011). Conclusions The benefits of attending senior centers in terms of physical activity should not be viewed as universal, but rather as contingent to the demographics of the user, and the type of activity that the visit is replacing.
Oriol Marquet; Monika Maciejewska; Xavier Delclòs-Alió; Guillem Vich; Jasper Schipperijn; Carme Miralles-Guasch. Physical activity benefits of attending a senior center depend largely on age and gender: a study using GPS and accelerometry data. BMC Geriatrics 2020, 20, 1 -10.
AMA StyleOriol Marquet, Monika Maciejewska, Xavier Delclòs-Alió, Guillem Vich, Jasper Schipperijn, Carme Miralles-Guasch. Physical activity benefits of attending a senior center depend largely on age and gender: a study using GPS and accelerometry data. BMC Geriatrics. 2020; 20 (1):1-10.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOriol Marquet; Monika Maciejewska; Xavier Delclòs-Alió; Guillem Vich; Jasper Schipperijn; Carme Miralles-Guasch. 2020. "Physical activity benefits of attending a senior center depend largely on age and gender: a study using GPS and accelerometry data." BMC Geriatrics 20, no. 1: 1-10.
Background Since its introduction in 2006, SOPARC (Systematic Observation of Play and Recreation in Communities) has become a fundamental tool to quantify park visitor behaviors and characteristics. We tested SOPARC reliability when assessing race/ethnicity, physical activity, contextual conditions at the time of observation, and settings of target areas to understand its utility when trying to account for individual characteristics of users.Methods We used 4,725 SOPARC observations completed simultaneously by two independent observers to evaluate intraclass correlation and agreement rate between the two observers when trying to assess sex, age group, race/ethnicity, and level of physical activity of urban park users in different park settings. Observations were in 20 New York City parks during Spring and Summer 2017 within the PARC 3 project.Results Observers counted 25,765 park users with high interobserver reliability (ICC=.94; %Agreement.75). Reliability scores were negatively affected by the population being observed, the intensity of physical activity, and the contextual conditions and settings of the target area at the time of observation. Specific challenges emerged when assessing the combination of physical activity and race/ethnicity.Conclusions SOPARC training should aim to improve reliability when assessing concurrent measures such as physical activity, race/ethnicity, age, and sex. Similarly, observing crowded park areas with many active users areas may require more observation practice hours.
Oriol Marquet; J. Aaron Hipp; Claudia Alberico; Jing-Huei Huang; Dustin Fry; Elizabeth Mazak; Gina S. Lovasi; Myron F. Floyd. Use of SOPARC to assess physical activity in parks: do race/ethnicity, contextual conditions, and settings of the target area, affect reliability? 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleOriol Marquet, J. Aaron Hipp, Claudia Alberico, Jing-Huei Huang, Dustin Fry, Elizabeth Mazak, Gina S. Lovasi, Myron F. Floyd. Use of SOPARC to assess physical activity in parks: do race/ethnicity, contextual conditions, and settings of the target area, affect reliability? . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOriol Marquet; J. Aaron Hipp; Claudia Alberico; Jing-Huei Huang; Dustin Fry; Elizabeth Mazak; Gina S. Lovasi; Myron F. Floyd. 2020. "Use of SOPARC to assess physical activity in parks: do race/ethnicity, contextual conditions, and settings of the target area, affect reliability?" , no. : 1.
Background Since its introduction in 2006, SOPARC (Systematic Observation of Play and Recreation in Communities) has become a fundamental tool to quantify park visitor behaviors and characteristics. We tested SOPARC reliability when assessing race/ethnicity, physical activity, contextual conditions at the time of observation, and settings of target areas to understand its utility when trying to account for individual characteristics of users. Methods We used 4725 SOPARC observations completed simultaneously by two independent observers to evaluate intraclass correlation and agreement rate between the two observers when trying to assess sex, age group, race/ethnicity, and level of physical activity of urban park users in different park settings. Observations were in 20 New York City parks during Spring and Summer 2017 within the PARC3 project. Results Observers counted 25,765 park users with high interobserver reliability (ICC = .94; %Agreement.75). Reliability scores were negatively affected by the population being observed, the intensity of physical activity, and the contextual conditions and settings of the target area at the time of observation. Specific challenges emerged when assessing the combination of physical activity and race/ethnicity. Conclusions SOPARC training should aim to improve reliability when assessing concurrent measures such as physical activity, race/ethnicity, age, and sex. Similarly, observing crowded park areas with many active users areas may require more observation practice hours.
Oriol Marquet; J. Aaron Hipp; Claudia Alberico; Jing-Huei Huang; Dustin Fry; Elizabeth Mazak; Gina Lovasi; Myron F. Floyd. Use of SOPARC to assess physical activity in parks: do race/ethnicity, contextual conditions, and settings of the target area, affect reliability? BMC Public Health 2019, 19, 1 -11.
AMA StyleOriol Marquet, J. Aaron Hipp, Claudia Alberico, Jing-Huei Huang, Dustin Fry, Elizabeth Mazak, Gina Lovasi, Myron F. Floyd. Use of SOPARC to assess physical activity in parks: do race/ethnicity, contextual conditions, and settings of the target area, affect reliability? BMC Public Health. 2019; 19 (1):1-11.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOriol Marquet; J. Aaron Hipp; Claudia Alberico; Jing-Huei Huang; Dustin Fry; Elizabeth Mazak; Gina Lovasi; Myron F. Floyd. 2019. "Use of SOPARC to assess physical activity in parks: do race/ethnicity, contextual conditions, and settings of the target area, affect reliability?" BMC Public Health 19, no. 1: 1-11.
Walking is the most accessible form for seniors to engage in daily light or moderate physical activity. Walking activity depends on both individual and environmental factors, the latter including how walkable a given setting is. Recent papers have pointed at the relevance of also considering meteorological conditions in relation to the walking behavior of older adults. This paper explores the combined effect of neighborhood walkability, temperature and rain on daily walking time among seniors residing in Barcelona. Daily walking time was extracted from 7-day GPS (Global Positioning System) devices and accelerometer data of 227 seniors residing in the Barcelona Metropolitan Region (Spain). Temperature and rain data were extracted from official governmental weather stations. Mixed-effects linear regression models were adjusted to test the combined association between weather and walkability on daily walking time. Neighborhood walkability is positively associated with walking time among seniors, while rain generally deters it. Additionally, this study demonstrates that temperature and rain modify the effect of residential walkability on senior walking activity: low temperatures are particularly associated with lower walking activity among those residing in low walkable areas, while the presence of rain presents a negative association with walking time in high walkable environments. The combined effect of walkability and weather should be considered both in design actions that aim at improving walking infrastructure and also in prevention programs aimed at encouraging daily walking among seniors.
Xavier Delclòs-Alió; Oriol Marquet; Guillem Vich; Jasper Schipperijn; Kai Zhang; Monika Maciejewska; Carme Miralles-Guasch. Temperature and Rain Moderate the Effect of Neighborhood Walkability on Walking Time for Seniors in Barcelona. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 17, 14 .
AMA StyleXavier Delclòs-Alió, Oriol Marquet, Guillem Vich, Jasper Schipperijn, Kai Zhang, Monika Maciejewska, Carme Miralles-Guasch. Temperature and Rain Moderate the Effect of Neighborhood Walkability on Walking Time for Seniors in Barcelona. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 17 (1):14.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXavier Delclòs-Alió; Oriol Marquet; Guillem Vich; Jasper Schipperijn; Kai Zhang; Monika Maciejewska; Carme Miralles-Guasch. 2019. "Temperature and Rain Moderate the Effect of Neighborhood Walkability on Walking Time for Seniors in Barcelona." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 1: 14.
Background Since its introduction in 2006, SOPARC (Systematic Observation of Play and Recreation in Communities) has become a fundamental tool to quantify park visitor behaviors and characteristics. We tested SOPARC reliability when assessing race/ethnicity, physical activity, contextual conditions at the time of observation, and settings of target areas to understand its utility when trying to account for individual characteristics of users.Methods We used 4,725 SOPARC observations completed simultaneously by two independent observers to evaluate intraclass correlation and agreement rate between the two observers when trying to assess sex, age group, race/ethnicity, and level of physical activity of urban park users in different park settings. Observations were in 20 New York City parks during Spring and Summer 2017 within the PARC 3 project.Results Observers counted 25,765 park users with high interobserver reliability (ICC=.94; %Agreement.75). Reliability scores were negatively affected by the population being observed, the intensity of physical activity, and the contextual conditions and settings of the target area at the time of observation. Specific challenges emerged when assessing the combination of physical activity and race/ethnicity.Conclusions SOPARC training should aim to improve reliability when assessing concurrent measures such as physical activity, race/ethnicity, age, and sex. Similarly, observing crowded park areas with many active users areas may require more observation practice hours.
Oriol Marquet; J. Aaron Hipp; Claudia Alberico; Jing-Huei Huang; Dustin Fry; Elizabeth Mazak; Gina S. Lovasi; Myron F. Floyd. Use of SOPARC to assess physical activity in parks: do race/ethnicity, contextual conditions, and settings of the target area, affect reliability? 2019, 1 .
AMA StyleOriol Marquet, J. Aaron Hipp, Claudia Alberico, Jing-Huei Huang, Dustin Fry, Elizabeth Mazak, Gina S. Lovasi, Myron F. Floyd. Use of SOPARC to assess physical activity in parks: do race/ethnicity, contextual conditions, and settings of the target area, affect reliability? . 2019; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOriol Marquet; J. Aaron Hipp; Claudia Alberico; Jing-Huei Huang; Dustin Fry; Elizabeth Mazak; Gina S. Lovasi; Myron F. Floyd. 2019. "Use of SOPARC to assess physical activity in parks: do race/ethnicity, contextual conditions, and settings of the target area, affect reliability?" , no. : 1.
Urban parks provide spaces and facilities for children's physical activity (PA) and can be a free resource in low-income communities. This study examined whether neighborhood characteristics were associated with children's park use and park-based moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) in low-income diverse communities and how associations differed between ethnic groups. Data on park visits and MVPA came from 16,402 children 5–10-years old directly observed using the System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities in 20 parks in low-income neighborhoods with majority Latino or Asian populations in New York City. Neighborhood characteristics included land use mix (LUM), street audits, crime rates, and an area deprivation index. We employed Poisson and negative binomial models to estimate effects of neighborhood-level variables on the number of children observed in parks and engaging in MVPA, overall and by ethnicity. Results for Asian, Latino, and African American children indicated that higher levels of LUM and pedestrian-friendly streets were associated with greater numbers of children in parks and higher MVPA across all three groups. For Asian and Latino children only, quality of environment was positively associated with MVPA, whereas level of deprivation and crime rates in the surrounding neighborhood were negatively associated with children's park-based MVPA. In contrast, a park's access to public transportation was negatively associated with number of all children observed and engaging in MVPA. Study findings suggest that park-based MVPA interventions can be informed by understanding how neighborhood characteristics facilitate and constrain park use and park-based MVPA.
Jing-Huei Huang; J. Aaron Hipp; Oriol Marquet; Claudia Alberico; Dustin Fry; Elizabeth Mazak; Gina Lovasi; Whitney Robinson; Myron F. Floyd. Neighborhood characteristics associated with park use and park-based physical activity among children in low-income diverse neighborhoods in New York City. Preventive Medicine 2019, 131, 105948 .
AMA StyleJing-Huei Huang, J. Aaron Hipp, Oriol Marquet, Claudia Alberico, Dustin Fry, Elizabeth Mazak, Gina Lovasi, Whitney Robinson, Myron F. Floyd. Neighborhood characteristics associated with park use and park-based physical activity among children in low-income diverse neighborhoods in New York City. Preventive Medicine. 2019; 131 ():105948.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJing-Huei Huang; J. Aaron Hipp; Oriol Marquet; Claudia Alberico; Dustin Fry; Elizabeth Mazak; Gina Lovasi; Whitney Robinson; Myron F. Floyd. 2019. "Neighborhood characteristics associated with park use and park-based physical activity among children in low-income diverse neighborhoods in New York City." Preventive Medicine 131, no. : 105948.
Urban green spaces (UGS) have been linked with a series of benefits for the environment, and for the physical health and well-being of urban residents. This is of great importance in the context of the aging of modern societies. However, UGS have different forms and characteristics that can determine their utilization. Common elements in UGS such as the type of vegetation and the type of surface are surprisingly understudied in regard to their relationship with the type of activity undertaken in UGS. This paper aims to explore the relationship between landscape diversity and the type of surface with the time spent and the physical activity intensity performed by seniors. To do so, this study uses GPS tracking data in combination with accelerometer data gathered from 63 seniors residing in Barcelona, Spain. Results showed that senior participants spent little time inside the analyzed UGS and sedentary behaviors (SBs) were more common than physical activities (PAs). The presence of pavement surfaces positively influenced the total time spent in UGS while gravel surfaces were negatively associated with time spent in active behaviors. The provision of well-defined and maintained paved areas and paths are some key infrastructures to be considered when designing UGS for overall urban residents and, especially, when aiming to potentiate the access for senior visitors.
Carme Miralles-Guasch; Javier Dopico; Xavier Delclòs-Alió; Pablo Knobel; Oriol Marquet; Roser Maneja-Zaragoza; Jasper Schipperijn; Guillem Vich. Natural Landscape, Infrastructure, and Health: The Physical Activity Implications of Urban Green Space Composition among the Elderly. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 3986 .
AMA StyleCarme Miralles-Guasch, Javier Dopico, Xavier Delclòs-Alió, Pablo Knobel, Oriol Marquet, Roser Maneja-Zaragoza, Jasper Schipperijn, Guillem Vich. Natural Landscape, Infrastructure, and Health: The Physical Activity Implications of Urban Green Space Composition among the Elderly. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (20):3986.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarme Miralles-Guasch; Javier Dopico; Xavier Delclòs-Alió; Pablo Knobel; Oriol Marquet; Roser Maneja-Zaragoza; Jasper Schipperijn; Guillem Vich. 2019. "Natural Landscape, Infrastructure, and Health: The Physical Activity Implications of Urban Green Space Composition among the Elderly." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 20: 3986.
Physical activity typically declines between childhood and adolescence. Despite urban parks being a great venue for physical activity, children change both the frequency of park use and their park use habits as they age into adolescence. However, little is known about how these differences vary by gender and how distinct race/ethnicity groups differentially change their park habits. This study analyzed the differences in park use and per capita energy expenditure between children and teenagers of different gender and race/ethnicity backgrounds. Using the System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities (SOPARC), systematic observations were conducted in 20 New York City parks in 2017, located in low-income areas with high presence of Latino or Asian residents. A total of 9963 scans in 167 distinct target areas counted 16,602 children (5–10 years old) and 11,269 teenagers (11 or older). Using adjusted marginal means, we estimated the number of park users of each age range, gender, and race/ethnicity expected to be found in each park activity setting. Teenagers of both genders and most race/ethnicity groups were less likely to be in a park and had lower per capita energy expenditure, compared with children. The difference in park attendance was greater than the difference in per capita energy expenditure. Dissimilarities were clearly gendered and race/ethnicity dependent. Asian and Latino females showed the greatest divergence between childhood and adolescence. African American boys were the only group to show a positive age contrast in park attendance and per capita energy expenditure.
Oriol Marquet; J. Aaron Hipp; Claudia Alberico; Jing-Huei Huang; Elizabeth Mazak; Dustin Fry; Gina S. Lovasi; Myron F. Floyd. How Does Park Use and Physical Activity Differ between Childhood and Adolescence? A Focus on Gender and Race-Ethnicity. Journal of Urban Health 2019, 96, 692 -702.
AMA StyleOriol Marquet, J. Aaron Hipp, Claudia Alberico, Jing-Huei Huang, Elizabeth Mazak, Dustin Fry, Gina S. Lovasi, Myron F. Floyd. How Does Park Use and Physical Activity Differ between Childhood and Adolescence? A Focus on Gender and Race-Ethnicity. Journal of Urban Health. 2019; 96 (5):692-702.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOriol Marquet; J. Aaron Hipp; Claudia Alberico; Jing-Huei Huang; Elizabeth Mazak; Dustin Fry; Gina S. Lovasi; Myron F. Floyd. 2019. "How Does Park Use and Physical Activity Differ between Childhood and Adolescence? A Focus on Gender and Race-Ethnicity." Journal of Urban Health 96, no. 5: 692-702.
Background Since its introduction in 2006, the SOPARC protocol has become a fundamental tool to quantify park visitor behaviors and characteristics. We tested SOPARC reliability when assessing race/ethnicity, physical activity, contextual conditions at the time of observation, and conditions of target areas to understand its utility when trying to account for individual characteristics of users.Methods We used 4,725 SOPARC observations completed simultaneously by two independent observers to evaluate intraclass correlation and agreement rate between the two observers when trying to assess gender, age group, race/ethnicity, and level of physical activity of urban park users. Observations were in 20 New York City parks during Spring and Summer 2017 within the PARC 3 project.Results Observers counted 25,765 park users with high interobserver reliability (ICC=.94; Agr=.75). Reliability scores were negatively affected by the population being observed, the intensity of physical activity, and the conditions and settings of the target area at the time of observation. Specific challenges were found when assessing the combination of physical activity and race/ethnicity.Conclusions SOPARC training should aim to improve reliability when assessing concurrent measures; physical activity, race/ethnicity, age, and gender. Similarly, observing active areas and areas that can be congested with people require more observation practice hours.
Oriol Marquet; J. Aaron Hipp; Claudia Alberico; Jing-Huei Huang; Dustin Fry; Elizabeth Mazak; Gina S. Lovasi; Myron F. Floyd. Use of SOPARC to assess physical activity in parks: can race/ethnicity, observation settings, and target area conditions affect reliability? 2019, 1 .
AMA StyleOriol Marquet, J. Aaron Hipp, Claudia Alberico, Jing-Huei Huang, Dustin Fry, Elizabeth Mazak, Gina S. Lovasi, Myron F. Floyd. Use of SOPARC to assess physical activity in parks: can race/ethnicity, observation settings, and target area conditions affect reliability? . 2019; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOriol Marquet; J. Aaron Hipp; Claudia Alberico; Jing-Huei Huang; Dustin Fry; Elizabeth Mazak; Gina S. Lovasi; Myron F. Floyd. 2019. "Use of SOPARC to assess physical activity in parks: can race/ethnicity, observation settings, and target area conditions affect reliability?" , no. : 1.
Crime and safety perceptions are commonly cited barriers to park use and physical activity (PA). Given the importance of parks as settings for outdoor recreation and physical activity, the presence of crime may have a detrimental effect on public health. This study uses objective police crime reports and observational park use data to assess type of crime and the time when the crime was committed effects on park user behaviors in 20 parks located in low-income neighborhoods in New York City. The System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities (SOPARC) was used to assess the number of park users and their physical activity during 78 park visits in Spring 2017. The association between crime rates and park use was assessed using two types of crimes (violent and property crimes). The timing of the crime was assessed using the crimes committed within periods of one week, one month, and three months prior to the visit to the park. By including objective measures of crime together with the exact time on which they were committed, we were able to analyze the short and long term effects of crime on park behavior. Overall, there was a consistent negative association between crime and park use. This relationship was stronger at the 1 month and 3 months' period and weaker at the 1-week period. Violent crimes were strongly associated with lower park use, and crimes proved to be associated with child park use to a greater degree. Girls were more affected by crime than boys.
Oriol Marquet; J. Aaron Hipp; Claudia Alberico; Jing-Huei Huang; Dustin Fry; Elizabeth Mazak; Gina Lovasi; Myron F. Floyd. Short-term associations between objective crime, park-use, and park-based physical activity in low-income neighborhoods. Preventive Medicine 2019, 126, 105735 .
AMA StyleOriol Marquet, J. Aaron Hipp, Claudia Alberico, Jing-Huei Huang, Dustin Fry, Elizabeth Mazak, Gina Lovasi, Myron F. Floyd. Short-term associations between objective crime, park-use, and park-based physical activity in low-income neighborhoods. Preventive Medicine. 2019; 126 ():105735.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOriol Marquet; J. Aaron Hipp; Claudia Alberico; Jing-Huei Huang; Dustin Fry; Elizabeth Mazak; Gina Lovasi; Myron F. Floyd. 2019. "Short-term associations between objective crime, park-use, and park-based physical activity in low-income neighborhoods." Preventive Medicine 126, no. : 105735.
The present study delves into the explanatory factors of the walking patterns of residents in metropolitan regions, who tend to be pressed for time when travelling to their daily destinations or activities. We particularly focus on the effects of the commuting distance on the amount of walking that can be achieved, which has health, socioeconomic and environmental implications. This study confirms the potential benefits of using smartphone tracking data to examine walking patterns. To enable this, a smartphone tracking application was developed to obtain accurate mobility data from a group of adults (n = 93) residing in the Barcelona Metropolitan Region (Spain) and have to commute to a suburban university campus that can only be reached by using motorized transport modes. The results highlight the commuting distance and employment status as strong determinants of the amount of walking time achieved by this study group. Moreover, it was determined that among transit users, the commuting distance of male commuters was negatively associated with walking when compared with female transit users, whereas explanatory factors for private transport users bore insignificant results. Smartphone devices proved their potential as an effective and useful source of data in transportation and health research.
Guillem Vich; Oriol Marquet; Carme Miralles-Guasch. “Is there any time left for walking?” Physical activity implications of suburban commuting in the Barcelona metropolitan region. Geografisk Tidsskrift-Danish Journal of Geography 2019, 119, 136 -145.
AMA StyleGuillem Vich, Oriol Marquet, Carme Miralles-Guasch. “Is there any time left for walking?” Physical activity implications of suburban commuting in the Barcelona metropolitan region. Geografisk Tidsskrift-Danish Journal of Geography. 2019; 119 (2):136-145.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGuillem Vich; Oriol Marquet; Carme Miralles-Guasch. 2019. "“Is there any time left for walking?” Physical activity implications of suburban commuting in the Barcelona metropolitan region." Geografisk Tidsskrift-Danish Journal of Geography 119, no. 2: 136-145.
Urban parks offer a broad range of opportunities for children’s recreation and physical activity. Park use patterns however are not equal in terms of race, ethnicity and socioeconomic status. In order to design policies to improve park design and to provide healthy park experiences among children of communities of color, insight on park use patterns is needed. This research examines the association between park characteristics and park use among children 5-10 years old from Asian, Latino and African American backgrounds. Using the System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities (SOPARC), systematic observations were conducted in 20 New York City parks in 2017, located in low-income areas with high presence of Latino or Asian residents. 16577 children from 5-10 years old were observed. Playgrounds and swings were common use areas across ethnicities, both in terms of number of children and their physical activity. Other activity settings such as basketball courts, handball and baseball fields showed distinct patterns of use among the different ethnicities. Significant associations between park use, physical activity levels and the characteristics of the park area, with distinct patterns by race/ethnicity. Findings underline the importance of considering different design and features when trying to appeal to different populations.
Oriol Marquet; J. Aaron Hipp; Claudia Alberico; Jing-Huei Huang; Dustin Fry; Elizabeth Mazak; Gina Lovasi; Myron F. Floyd. Park use preferences and physical activity among ethnic minority children in low-income neighborhoods in New York City. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 2019, 38, 346 -353.
AMA StyleOriol Marquet, J. Aaron Hipp, Claudia Alberico, Jing-Huei Huang, Dustin Fry, Elizabeth Mazak, Gina Lovasi, Myron F. Floyd. Park use preferences and physical activity among ethnic minority children in low-income neighborhoods in New York City. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening. 2019; 38 ():346-353.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOriol Marquet; J. Aaron Hipp; Claudia Alberico; Jing-Huei Huang; Dustin Fry; Elizabeth Mazak; Gina Lovasi; Myron F. Floyd. 2019. "Park use preferences and physical activity among ethnic minority children in low-income neighborhoods in New York City." Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 38, no. : 346-353.
Being physically active in natural environments has been linked with multiple mental and physical health benefits. However, not all urban contexts can provide their residents the same access to green areas for walking and sport activities. Mediterranean cities provide open spaces for physical activity that differ from those of Northern European cities. This study explores both conventional spaces in the form of public parks and urban green spaces, i.e. beaches, tree-lined streets, boulevards and public squares, in relation to the daily walking levels of residents in a Mediterranean city, such as Barcelona by presenting findings based on examining and assessing spatio-temporal exposure levels measured with the help of smartphones and publicly available GIS layers. To achieve this, both exposure and daily walking time were measured from GIS and GPS-based smartphone tracking data for 127 adult individuals from Barcelona, Spain. Based on these measurements, it was determined that the presence of large-scale open spaces for physical activity, such as beaches or large parks in the participants’ daily walking routes, proved to have the highest association with daily walking time. Also, underexplored forms of nature, such as street trees were also positively correlated with individual walking levels. Additionally, small-scale public spaces, such as public squares and boulevards, indicated a considerably negative association with walking time. The findings from this study confirm existing evidence on the health benefits of urban greenness and broaden the analytical focus on the role and impact of green space provision on physical health. Altogether, street trees and the presence of both blue and traditional green spaces proved to be significant factors of increased walking levels.
Guillem Vich; Oriol Marquet; Carme Miralles-Guasch. Green streetscape and walking: Exploring active mobility patterns in dense and compact cities. Journal of Transport & Health 2018, 12, 50 -59.
AMA StyleGuillem Vich, Oriol Marquet, Carme Miralles-Guasch. Green streetscape and walking: Exploring active mobility patterns in dense and compact cities. Journal of Transport & Health. 2018; 12 ():50-59.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGuillem Vich; Oriol Marquet; Carme Miralles-Guasch. 2018. "Green streetscape and walking: Exploring active mobility patterns in dense and compact cities." Journal of Transport & Health 12, no. : 50-59.