This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.
Tourism is frequently proposed as a strategy to revitalize rural economies. The current mushroom¬ing of web platforms for the tourism sharing eco¬nomy affords rural microentrepreneurs opportu¬nities to capitalize on the growing demand for authentic experiences. However, these platforms may actually be widening the socio-economic gap between individuals across the digital and urban/ rural divides. In addition, the well-established urban culture of entrepreneurial mentorship is not taking hold in the rural areas, which direly need to attract and support nascent entrepreneurs. Farms are increasingly adopting tourism to diversify their business models, and Extension agents are trusted mentors par excellence of agribusiness entrepreneurs; therefore, this study explores the extent to which Extension agents feel able to address the mentoring needs of farm tourism microentrepre-neurs. We measured both tourism e-microentrepre¬neurial self-efficacy (TeMSE) among farmers and tourism e-microentrepreneurial mentoring self-efficacy (TeMMSE) of Extension agents. Results show that farmers have relatively low self-efficacy in the dimensions of e-marketing and marshalling resources, and that agents may be efficacious men¬tors in these dimensions. Farmers also show low self-efficacy in adapting to externalities; however, agents do not perceive themselves as efficacious mentors in this dimension. We conclude with a discussion of practical implications for train-the-trainer strategies to enable farm tourism micro¬entrepreneurship success.
Bruno Ferreira; Duarte Morais; Adriana Szabo; Becky Bowen; Susan Jakes. A gap analysis of farm tourism microentrepreneurial mentoring needs in North Carolina, USA. Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development 2020, 10, 1 -17.
AMA StyleBruno Ferreira, Duarte Morais, Adriana Szabo, Becky Bowen, Susan Jakes. A gap analysis of farm tourism microentrepreneurial mentoring needs in North Carolina, USA. Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development. 2020; 10 (1):1-17.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBruno Ferreira; Duarte Morais; Adriana Szabo; Becky Bowen; Susan Jakes. 2020. "A gap analysis of farm tourism microentrepreneurial mentoring needs in North Carolina, USA." Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development 10, no. 1: 1-17.
Milking the Rhino - Innovative Solutions Showcase: Promoting ethicseducation, user-centered design and social entrepreneurship in the globalcontext.Milking the Rhino is an award-winning documentary that examines environmental conservationfrom the perspective of people who live with wildlife and offers a complex, intimate portrait oftwo community-based conservation efforts in Kenya and Namibia. The Cornfield StateUniversity developed and hosted a competition called Milking the Rhino: Innovative SolutionsShowcase and invited students to develop appropriate, innovative and sustainable solutions toempower indigenous communities to leverage wildlife and natural resources for self-determineddevelopment in Africa.The showcase was created for students from all majors and backgrounds as a venue to fostercritical thinking about sustainable community development and environmental conservation inAfrica. We wanted students to explore the ethical intricacies of globalization and loss ofindigenous cultures, and the role technology plays in fostering and hurting sustainable self-determined development. We wanted students to fuse indigenous knowledge and lifestyles withwestern knowledge systems to create sustainable value through appropriate technologicalsolutions.User-centered design (UCD) is an approach to design that grounds the design process ininformation about the people who will use the product. UCD processes focus on users throughthe planning, design and development of a product. The showcase focused on attempting tounderstand the context of use and the specific requirements to develop technology-basedsolutions that address some of the challenges faced by the Maasai and Himba tribes inKenya/Tanzania and Namibia respectively. An explicit goal was to teach students to unravel the“sticky information” related to the context of the problem. Sticky information refers toinformation that is difficult to replicate and diffuse because it is embodied in the people, places,organizations, societal constructs, and other contextual entities. The sticky information, includingan understanding of the various power relations, helps identify key stakeholders, marginalizedstakeholders, constraints and resources to be considered in the design process leading toinnovative and sustainable solutions.Twelve student teams, consisting of students from engineering, health and human development,business, agriculture, and other colleges developed three-minute (YouTube) video pitches. Thepitches addressed specific problems related to the indigenous peoples' livelihoods, includingwildlife and natural resource management, ethics, access to income, famine, gender inequity, andhuman rights. Video pitches were rated by an interdisciplinary five-member expert panel basedon the teams' understanding of the context and the problem; the quality andAPPROPRIATENESS of their solution with specific emphasis on innovation, economicsustainability and potential for large-scale impact and the quality of their video pitch.This paper discusses the rationale and mechanics of the showcase, the key ethical issues that theteams grappled with, the solutions developed by the students, and (focus group) assessmentresults on the educational impact of the competition. Overall, the competition was successful inbringing compelling ethical design issues in the global arena into the classroom. Based on thesuccess of the inaugural competition, the competition will be held again this year with about 25-30 teams expected to participate.
Khanjan Mehta; Duarte Morais; Yu Zhao; Mary Lynn Brannon; Sarah E. Zappe. Milking the Rhino: Innovative Solutions Showcase: Promoting Ethics Education, User-Centered Design, and Social Entrepreneurship in the Global Context. 2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings 2020, 22.1064.1 -22.1064.15.
AMA StyleKhanjan Mehta, Duarte Morais, Yu Zhao, Mary Lynn Brannon, Sarah E. Zappe. Milking the Rhino: Innovative Solutions Showcase: Promoting Ethics Education, User-Centered Design, and Social Entrepreneurship in the Global Context. 2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings. 2020; ():22.1064.1-22.1064.15.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKhanjan Mehta; Duarte Morais; Yu Zhao; Mary Lynn Brannon; Sarah E. Zappe. 2020. "Milking the Rhino: Innovative Solutions Showcase: Promoting Ethics Education, User-Centered Design, and Social Entrepreneurship in the Global Context." 2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings , no. : 22.1064.1-22.1064.15.
Women’s predominant role in agritourism expands their also significant involvement in agriculture and rural development. Yet, when measured in economic terms, women in agritourism appear to be less successful than men. We argue that economic earnings are a limited measure of success, as women value their accomplishments in a comprehensive and distinctive sense. To better understand women’s success in agritourism, we conducted a study addressing limitations in methodologies and scope of the existing scholarship. Framed within feminist and emic approaches, we used a combination of qualitative methods of inquiry (open-ended interviews, mini focus groups, nominal group exercises) to generate data from 20 female agritourism entrepreneurs in North Carolina (USA). Findings show women in agritourism define success through nine distinct themes, four of which are newly emerging (ensuring customer satisfaction, being constantly on the move, pursuing happiness, perpetuating the family farm). Participants also identified seven opportunities that they perceive contribute to their self-defined success. Our study adds to the scholarship and practice of gender in agritourism by expanding the economic definition of entrepreneurial success. In doing so, we provide managerial and policy intelligence that can be used to stimulate rural development.
M. Farzana Halim; Carla Barbieri; Duarte B. Morais; Susan Jakes; Erin Seekamp. Beyond Economic Earnings: The Holistic Meaning of Success for Women in Agritourism. Sustainability 2020, 12, 1 .
AMA StyleM. Farzana Halim, Carla Barbieri, Duarte B. Morais, Susan Jakes, Erin Seekamp. Beyond Economic Earnings: The Holistic Meaning of Success for Women in Agritourism. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (12):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Farzana Halim; Carla Barbieri; Duarte B. Morais; Susan Jakes; Erin Seekamp. 2020. "Beyond Economic Earnings: The Holistic Meaning of Success for Women in Agritourism." Sustainability 12, no. 12: 1.
We developed mixed methods photo elicitation to mitigate cultural and language barriers and to acquire deeper understandings of indigenous participants’ place attachment. We define mixed methods photo elicitation to integrate quantitative rankings of photos with qualitative induction of the meanings ascribed to the photos. Multidimensional scaling is used to thematically analyze the resulting photo clusters in relation to qualitative investigation of photo meanings. We also introduce a novel approach to a mixed methods joint display, which was used to visualize emerging themes and reveal how quantitative and qualitative findings are integrated. Reacting to a collection of landscape photographs endemic to rural Guatemala, indigenous farmers expressed place dependence to landscapes for economic and noneconomic reasons, and place identity for sociocultural reasons.
Deidre M. Peroff; Duarte Morais; Erin Seekamp; Erin Sills; Tim Wallace. Assessing Residents’ Place Attachment to the Guatemalan Maya Landscape Through Mixed Methods Photo Elicitation. Journal of Mixed Methods Research 2019, 14, 379 -402.
AMA StyleDeidre M. Peroff, Duarte Morais, Erin Seekamp, Erin Sills, Tim Wallace. Assessing Residents’ Place Attachment to the Guatemalan Maya Landscape Through Mixed Methods Photo Elicitation. Journal of Mixed Methods Research. 2019; 14 (3):379-402.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDeidre M. Peroff; Duarte Morais; Erin Seekamp; Erin Sills; Tim Wallace. 2019. "Assessing Residents’ Place Attachment to the Guatemalan Maya Landscape Through Mixed Methods Photo Elicitation." Journal of Mixed Methods Research 14, no. 3: 379-402.
High levels of trust, reciprocity, and togetherness embedded within entrepreneurial networks are believed to facilitate cooperation that enables success among individual business owners. This study examines the effects of social influence, network characteristics, and entrepreneurial motivations on trust, reciprocity, and togetherness in a network of wildlife tourism microentrepreneurs. Thirty-seven wildlife tourism microentrepreneurs from North Carolina’s Pamlico Sound Region were recruited for in-person structured interviews. Data were analyzed using social network analysis, specifically a series of linear network autocorrelation models in conjunction with supportive qualitative assessment. Microentrepreneurs expressing a high level of trust were connected with microentrepreneurs expressing a low level of trust in their peers. Conversely, microentrepreneurs with strong feelings of reciprocity were connected with microentrepreneurs having similar feelings. These findings illustrate that the presence of equally reciprocal relationships is not an indication of equally trusting relationships. The findings also suggest that higher numbers of business ties tend to diminish the levels of trust, reciprocity, and togetherness toward connected peers.
Birendra Kc; Duarte Morais; Jordan W. Smith; M. N. Peterson; Erin Seekamp. Using Social Network Analysis to Understand Trust, Reciprocity, and Togetherness in Wildlife Tourism Microentrepreneurship. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research 2019, 43, 1176 -1198.
AMA StyleBirendra Kc, Duarte Morais, Jordan W. Smith, M. N. Peterson, Erin Seekamp. Using Social Network Analysis to Understand Trust, Reciprocity, and Togetherness in Wildlife Tourism Microentrepreneurship. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research. 2019; 43 (8):1176-1198.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBirendra Kc; Duarte Morais; Jordan W. Smith; M. N. Peterson; Erin Seekamp. 2019. "Using Social Network Analysis to Understand Trust, Reciprocity, and Togetherness in Wildlife Tourism Microentrepreneurship." Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research 43, no. 8: 1176-1198.
This study evaluates the impact of a microentrepreneurship-focused pedagogical intervention in a college level tourism course aimed at increasing students’ tourism e-microentrepreneurial self-efficacy (TeMSE). Given that high entrepreneurial self-efficacy is associated with enterprise success, enhancing levels of TeMSE is warranted to grow a more just tourism economy in a sector largely controlled by profit-oriented large corporations. However, tourism and hospitality departments have largely neglected the importance of developing entrepreneurial potential, instead striving to service the corporate sector with a plug-and-play workforce. Conversely, we believe that the focus should be on equipping students with microentrepreneurial skills and abilities necessary to tap into the opportunities afforded by the burgeoning peer-to-peer economy. Accordingly, we developed a battery of hands-on learning tools to enhance students’ efficacy beliefs in their tourism entrepreneurial skills. Analysis of pre-post data suggests improvements only in the students’ efficacy to pursue innovation.
Bruno Ferreira; Duarte Morais; Gene L. Brothers. Enhancing self-efficacy to enable tourism microentrepreneurship: a quasi-experiment. Journal of Teaching in Travel & Tourism 2019, 19, 341 -359.
AMA StyleBruno Ferreira, Duarte Morais, Gene L. Brothers. Enhancing self-efficacy to enable tourism microentrepreneurship: a quasi-experiment. Journal of Teaching in Travel & Tourism. 2019; 19 (4):341-359.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBruno Ferreira; Duarte Morais; Gene L. Brothers. 2019. "Enhancing self-efficacy to enable tourism microentrepreneurship: a quasi-experiment." Journal of Teaching in Travel & Tourism 19, no. 4: 341-359.
American rural social geography has been subjected to simplified and standardised projections and stereotyping by hegemonic tourism media. Urban-centred advertising of rural tourism destinations is a powerful medium in creating hegemony and hierarchy between urban and rural communities. The act of representing rural social geographies through tourism creates discourse which dialectically creates and reinforces the modified social status quo of rural societies. Hence, aiming for social change and to magnify the rural subaltern voice, this article adopted auto-photography as an ethnographic participatory method. Fourteen rural tourism microentrepreneurs from the Piedmont region of North Carolina, United States, participated in self-representational photography of the aspects of life they wished to share with urbanites. Interviews were conducted using participants’ favourite photos as prompts. Critical discourse analysis was employed to identify rural tourism microentrepreneurs’ self-representations that counter urban-normativity. Findings show microentrepreneurs resisted and complied with an urban-normative tourism-based ideological hegemony.
Shahab Nazariadli; Duarte Morais; Kyle Bunds; Perver Baran; Stacy Supak. Rural tourism microentrepreneurs’ self-representation through photography: a counter-hegemonic approach. Rural Society 2019, 28, 29 -51.
AMA StyleShahab Nazariadli, Duarte Morais, Kyle Bunds, Perver Baran, Stacy Supak. Rural tourism microentrepreneurs’ self-representation through photography: a counter-hegemonic approach. Rural Society. 2019; 28 (1):29-51.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShahab Nazariadli; Duarte Morais; Kyle Bunds; Perver Baran; Stacy Supak. 2019. "Rural tourism microentrepreneurs’ self-representation through photography: a counter-hegemonic approach." Rural Society 28, no. 1: 29-51.
Duarte Morais; David Bunn; Gijsbert Hoogendoorn; Birendra Kc. The potential role of tourism microentrepreneurship in the prevention of rhino poaching. International Development Planning Review 2018, 40, 443 -461.
AMA StyleDuarte Morais, David Bunn, Gijsbert Hoogendoorn, Birendra Kc. The potential role of tourism microentrepreneurship in the prevention of rhino poaching. International Development Planning Review. 2018; 40 (4):443-461.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDuarte Morais; David Bunn; Gijsbert Hoogendoorn; Birendra Kc. 2018. "The potential role of tourism microentrepreneurship in the prevention of rhino poaching." International Development Planning Review 40, no. 4: 443-461.
With the emergence of tourism sharing economy platforms like People-First Tourism, Vayable, Airbnb, and Uber, there are now a much greater number of microentrepreneurs engaged in selling products and services directly to tourists. The limited existing literature examining these individuals suggests that they are often inspired by noneconomic motives such as freedom, passion, or lifestyle, rather than the desire to rapidly grow a venture and maximize revenue. Accordingly, given that tourism microentrepreneurs have different goals and business models relative to typical entrepreneurs, this study adapted extant entrepreneurial self-efficacy measures to the context of tourism e-microentrepreneurship to develop the tourism e-microentrepreneurial self-efficacy (TeMSE) scale. Our new 13-item scale provides insights into a unique and burgeoning group of tourism actors, namely measuring their beliefs in their ability to successfully perform the various roles and tasks of microentrepreneurship in the tourism sharing economy.
Bruno S. Ferreira; Duarte Morais; Jeffrey M. Pollack; Kyle S. Bunds. Development and Validation of the Tourism e-microentrepreneurial Self-Efficacy Scale. Tourism Analysis 2018, 23, 275 -282.
AMA StyleBruno S. Ferreira, Duarte Morais, Jeffrey M. Pollack, Kyle S. Bunds. Development and Validation of the Tourism e-microentrepreneurial Self-Efficacy Scale. Tourism Analysis. 2018; 23 (2):275-282.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBruno S. Ferreira; Duarte Morais; Jeffrey M. Pollack; Kyle S. Bunds. 2018. "Development and Validation of the Tourism e-microentrepreneurial Self-Efficacy Scale." Tourism Analysis 23, no. 2: 275-282.
Tourism has been recognized as an important economic sector, requiring a high degree of involvement from the entrepreneurial sector to diversify tourism products and services to meet increasing demand. Tourism is often considered a tool for economic development and a strategy to improve the livelihoods of rural citizens. Specifically, nature-based tourism, such as wildlife tourism, is growing faster than tourism in general, providing a myriad of opportunities for small-scale entrepreneurial engagement. However, several obstacles exist for these small-scale tourism enterprises, such as a lack of social capital. This study examined a network of wildlife tourism microentrepreneurs for bonding and bridging forms of social capital using a social network analysis approach, where bonding and bridging social capital have their own interpretation. Thirty-seven in-person interviews were conducted with wildlife tourism microentrepreneurs from North Carolina’s Pamlico Sound Region. The study revealed that microentrepreneurs interacted with each other in a bridging network structure. The ability to reciprocate with other members of the network was essential for business success. The results identified four key bridging ties connecting potential sub-groups in the network, connected to each other in a redundant fashion. We concluded that the formation of a bridging network structure was a function of entrepreneurial phenomena that may not promote a highly trusted, well-connected network. The findings and implications are further discussed in the paper.
Birendra Kc; Duarte Morais; Erin Seekamp; Jordan W. Smith; M. Nils Peterson. Bonding and Bridging Forms of Social Capital in Wildlife Tourism Microentrepreneurship: An Application of Social Network Analysis. Sustainability 2018, 10, 315 .
AMA StyleBirendra Kc, Duarte Morais, Erin Seekamp, Jordan W. Smith, M. Nils Peterson. Bonding and Bridging Forms of Social Capital in Wildlife Tourism Microentrepreneurship: An Application of Social Network Analysis. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (2):315.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBirendra Kc; Duarte Morais; Erin Seekamp; Jordan W. Smith; M. Nils Peterson. 2018. "Bonding and Bridging Forms of Social Capital in Wildlife Tourism Microentrepreneurship: An Application of Social Network Analysis." Sustainability 10, no. 2: 315.
In the context of social and cultural relativity, there has been ample discussion about the fluidity and complexity of authenticity. This debate, termed ‘dilemma of authenticity’, centres around conflicting stances among tourism theorists, practitioners, marketers, and host communities with regards to how authenticity is perceived and how it influences tourists’ decision-making. This uncertainty has hindered agritourism entrepreneurs who remain unsure of how they may rely on authenticity to attract tourists. This paper examines perceptions of authenticity in working agricultural landscapes through two between-subject experiments to investigate how appealing the self-expressed authentic agricultural elements appear to potential tourists. One experiment was carried out in a controlled laboratory experiment employing Immersive Virtual Environment technology, and the second via a web-based survey using two-dimensional photos. Participants were undergraduate students and Amazon Mechanical Turk Master Workers, respectively. The results suggest that participants identify productive elements of agricultural landscapes as both authentic and appealing, though significantly differing in regards to socio-cultural elements. The triangulation of methods and samples reveal discrepant findings for wooded and riparian areas. This paper brings about novel findings about the perception of authenticity and appeal in agricultural settings.
Shahab Nazariadli; Duarte Morais; Carla Barbieri; Jordan W. Smith. Does perception of authenticity attract visitors to agricultural settings? Tourism Recreation Research 2017, 43, 91 -104.
AMA StyleShahab Nazariadli, Duarte Morais, Carla Barbieri, Jordan W. Smith. Does perception of authenticity attract visitors to agricultural settings? Tourism Recreation Research. 2017; 43 (1):91-104.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShahab Nazariadli; Duarte Morais; Carla Barbieri; Jordan W. Smith. 2017. "Does perception of authenticity attract visitors to agricultural settings?" Tourism Recreation Research 43, no. 1: 91-104.
Duarte Morais; Bruno S. Ferreira; Shahab Nazariadli; Ladan Ghahramani; Marcella De Martino; Mathilda Van Niekerk; Noel Scott. Tourism Microentrepreneurship Knowledge Cogeneration. Bridging Tourism Theory and Practice 2017, 8, 73 -95.
AMA StyleDuarte Morais, Bruno S. Ferreira, Shahab Nazariadli, Ladan Ghahramani, Marcella De Martino, Mathilda Van Niekerk, Noel Scott. Tourism Microentrepreneurship Knowledge Cogeneration. Bridging Tourism Theory and Practice. 2017; 8 ():73-95.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDuarte Morais; Bruno S. Ferreira; Shahab Nazariadli; Ladan Ghahramani; Marcella De Martino; Mathilda Van Niekerk; Noel Scott. 2017. "Tourism Microentrepreneurship Knowledge Cogeneration." Bridging Tourism Theory and Practice 8, no. : 73-95.
Social networks are an important element of entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurs rely on social networks to access ideas, information, and resources to facilitate their entrepreneurial process. Strong and weak ties influence the entrepreneurial process in unique ways. This study utilized social network analysis approach to examine wildlife tourism microentrepreneurship through in-person structured interviews with 37 microentrepreneurs from North Carolina’s Pamlico Sound Region. Specifically, this study examined the extent of network ties, the type of support received from those network ties, and the process of creating and maintaining the business network ties. Weak ties were more prevalent than strong ties. Support was received in terms of marketing and advertising, information sharing, and product sponsorship. Weak ties were established through professional workshops and seminars or while working in the same territory, whereas reciprocity, togetherness, communication, and trust were identified as major factors to maintain weak ties. This study suggests that cognitive social capital factors (e.g. reciprocity, togetherness, and trust) can be highly important toward effective use of social networks, as well as to ensure entrepreneurial success.
Birendra Kc; Duarte Morais; M Nils Peterson; Erin Seekamp; Jordan Smith. Social network analysis of wildlife tourism microentrepreneurial network. Tourism and Hospitality Research 2017, 19, 158 -169.
AMA StyleBirendra Kc, Duarte Morais, M Nils Peterson, Erin Seekamp, Jordan Smith. Social network analysis of wildlife tourism microentrepreneurial network. Tourism and Hospitality Research. 2017; 19 (2):158-169.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBirendra Kc; Duarte Morais; M Nils Peterson; Erin Seekamp; Jordan Smith. 2017. "Social network analysis of wildlife tourism microentrepreneurial network." Tourism and Hospitality Research 19, no. 2: 158-169.
The purpose of this study is to better understand how cooperative forms of microentrepreneurship influence women's self-determination. Utilizing the framework of self-determination theory, this study employed a multiple case study approach that involved in-depth interviews, content analysis, field notes, and direct observations. Findings indicate that livelihood opportunities afforded under cooperative tourism microentrepreneurship offer women increased levels of self-determination, but that economic improvements alone are not sufficient in enhancing overall well-being. This study provides a detailed account of the strategies indigenous women employ to enhance their self-determination under cooperative tourism microentrepreneurship models. The results of this study suggest that programs by governments and NGOs should consider non-individual benefits when they engage with communities in tourism planning initiatives. Additionally, interventions aimed at women must also engage men or women may suffer from tensions at home. Finally, this study indicates that simply offering access to credit does not foster self-reliant development. The structures of cooperative models determine outcomes. Therefore, whenever possible, microentrepreneurship models should be designed to enhance strong cooperative social structures.
Chantell Lapan; Duarte Morais; Tim Wallace; Carla Barbieri. Women's Self-determination in Cooperative Tourism Microenterprises. Tourism Review International 2016, 20, 41 -55.
AMA StyleChantell Lapan, Duarte Morais, Tim Wallace, Carla Barbieri. Women's Self-determination in Cooperative Tourism Microenterprises. Tourism Review International. 2016; 20 (1):41-55.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChantell Lapan; Duarte Morais; Tim Wallace; Carla Barbieri. 2016. "Women's Self-determination in Cooperative Tourism Microenterprises." Tourism Review International 20, no. 1: 41-55.
Over the past two decades, sports tourism has become significantly popular worldwide. Marathons, an especially popular type of athletic event, have both influenced and been influenced by tourist activity. In this regard, profitable and sustainable marathons may necessitate that event planning practitioners understand event participants’ attitudes and needs, contributing to repeat attendance. Furthermore, cross-cultural research may help marathon organizers understand how cultural and other similarities and differences might relate to increased fulfilment of participants’ needs and wants. The purpose of this study is to make a preliminary assessment of the expected relationship between event participation and loyalty in a marathon event in two countries. A total of 420 participants, of whom 200 participants were from the United States of America's event and 220 participants from the Japan event, were included in this study. In the result, marathon participants’ attitudes towards and loyalty concerning the events indicated no significant differences stemming from gender, age, or full-versus-half marathon participation.
Isao Okayasu; Haruo Nogawa; Jonathan M. Casper; Duarte Morais. Recreational sports event participants’ attitudes and satisfaction: cross-cultural comparisons between runners in Japan and the USA. Managing Sport and Leisure 2016, 21, 164 -180.
AMA StyleIsao Okayasu, Haruo Nogawa, Jonathan M. Casper, Duarte Morais. Recreational sports event participants’ attitudes and satisfaction: cross-cultural comparisons between runners in Japan and the USA. Managing Sport and Leisure. 2016; 21 (3):164-180.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIsao Okayasu; Haruo Nogawa; Jonathan M. Casper; Duarte Morais. 2016. "Recreational sports event participants’ attitudes and satisfaction: cross-cultural comparisons between runners in Japan and the USA." Managing Sport and Leisure 21, no. 3: 164-180.
Chantell Lapan; Duarte Morais; Carla Barbieri; Tim Wallace. Power, altruism and communitarian tourism: A comparative study. Pasos. Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural 2016, 14, 889 -906.
AMA StyleChantell Lapan, Duarte Morais, Carla Barbieri, Tim Wallace. Power, altruism and communitarian tourism: A comparative study. Pasos. Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural. 2016; 14 (4):889-906.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChantell Lapan; Duarte Morais; Carla Barbieri; Tim Wallace. 2016. "Power, altruism and communitarian tourism: A comparative study." Pasos. Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural 14, no. 4: 889-906.
Wildlife conservation has often focused on protecting charismatic wildlife from native communities and allowing multinational companies to profit from showing those resources to foreign tourists. This has contributed to local poverty and fueled poaching and concomitant policing of resources by governments, foreign conservationists, and private industry. An alternative receiving increasing scholarly attention consists on enabling eco-dependent tourism microentrepreneurship as a way to foster local conservation behaviors. In the case of wildlife tourism in Namibia, this might entail the provision of wildlife tours and camping services by indigenous communities. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which wildlife tourism microentrepreneurship leads to intrinsically motivated wildlife conservation. A controlled comparison case study design was used to test this research question. The findings reveal that males in conservancy communities have internalized proconservation behaviors and both males and females in those communities report richer and more complex wildlife value orientations.
Duarte Morais; K. C. Birendra; Yuchen Mao; Alfons Mosimane. Wildlife Conservation Through Tourism Microentrepreneurship Among Namibian Communities. Tourism Review International 2015, 19, 43 -61.
AMA StyleDuarte Morais, K. C. Birendra, Yuchen Mao, Alfons Mosimane. Wildlife Conservation Through Tourism Microentrepreneurship Among Namibian Communities. Tourism Review International. 2015; 19 (1):43-61.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDuarte Morais; K. C. Birendra; Yuchen Mao; Alfons Mosimane. 2015. "Wildlife Conservation Through Tourism Microentrepreneurship Among Namibian Communities." Tourism Review International 19, no. 1: 43-61.
The present study focused on one of the new mass media technologies, weblogs, which allow more tourists to construct an expressive self by posting their writings about their travel experiences. The current research examined the meanings represented in the personal travel experiences and how self-identity is constructed in the touristic discourse. Utilizing critical discourse analysis (CDA), the travel blogs posted by Chinese tourists about their experiences of visiting a Chinese minority group—the matriarchal Mosuo—were analyzed. Among 69 blogs, four major topics were located. The study identified the fragmented, fluid, and flexible nature of self-identity constructed in the postmodern social conditions.
Yasong Wang; Duarte Morais. An examination of tourists’ identity in tourist weblogs. Information Technology & Tourism 2014, 14, 239 -260.
AMA StyleYasong Wang, Duarte Morais. An examination of tourists’ identity in tourist weblogs. Information Technology & Tourism. 2014; 14 (3):239-260.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYasong Wang; Duarte Morais. 2014. "An examination of tourists’ identity in tourist weblogs." Information Technology & Tourism 14, no. 3: 239-260.
Yasong (Alex) Wang; Duarte Morais. Self-representations of the matriarchal Other. Annals of Tourism Research 2014, 44, 74 -87.
AMA StyleYasong (Alex) Wang, Duarte Morais. Self-representations of the matriarchal Other. Annals of Tourism Research. 2014; 44 ():74-87.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYasong (Alex) Wang; Duarte Morais. 2014. "Self-representations of the matriarchal Other." Annals of Tourism Research 44, no. : 74-87.
Because of its importance in the sustainable development of rural communities, rural tourism has been frequently studied as an alternative form of economic development in rural areas. In the United States, many rural communities rely on tourism for economic growth to compensate for declines in manufacturing, agriculture, extraction of natural resources, and population. Although there is an increased interest in developing rural tourism in many countries, there is little information regarding the motivations of rural tourists in the United States. Therefore, this study aims to understand travel motivations and characteristics of tourists visiting a rural destination to provide a better understanding of rural tourism in the United States. Our study site, Potter County, Pennsylvania, represents a typical American rural area with a population of 18,080, which is currently struggling to pursue economic revitalization by attracting tourists. The findings of this study indicated that visitors to Potter County do not fit a homogenous rural tourist profile due to their broad travel preferences. The findings also suggest that “tourism in rural areas” may be a better descriptor than “rural tourism” in the context of Potter County, Pennsylvania.
Erwei Dong; Yawei Wang; Duarte Morais; David Brooks. Segmenting the rural tourism market. Journal of Vacation Marketing 2013, 19, 181 -193.
AMA StyleErwei Dong, Yawei Wang, Duarte Morais, David Brooks. Segmenting the rural tourism market. Journal of Vacation Marketing. 2013; 19 (2):181-193.
Chicago/Turabian StyleErwei Dong; Yawei Wang; Duarte Morais; David Brooks. 2013. "Segmenting the rural tourism market." Journal of Vacation Marketing 19, no. 2: 181-193.