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A novel approach to construct site-dependent ground-motion prediction equations (GMPEs) was implemented to build a uniform hazard response spectra (UHRS) using a reservoir site in southern Taiwan as an example. This innovation minimizes the GMPE uncertainties to avoid over-estimations in a probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA). We selected ground-motion records with similar site conditions from the stations within 70 km of the studied site to build a site-dependent ground-motion prediction model for crustal earthquakes in the region. This site-dependent GMPE set obtains a significantly smaller scattering of residuals compared with the existing regional GMPEs from the Taiwan data set. This indicates that a set of site-dependent GMPEs could provide a more accurate and reasonable prediction of ground-motion levels for the design or safety evaluation of important infrastructures.
Jia-Cian Gao; Chung-Han Chan; Chyi-Tyi Lee. Site-dependent ground-motion prediction equations and uniform hazard response spectra. Engineering Geology 2021, 292, 106241 .
AMA StyleJia-Cian Gao, Chung-Han Chan, Chyi-Tyi Lee. Site-dependent ground-motion prediction equations and uniform hazard response spectra. Engineering Geology. 2021; 292 ():106241.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJia-Cian Gao; Chung-Han Chan; Chyi-Tyi Lee. 2021. "Site-dependent ground-motion prediction equations and uniform hazard response spectra." Engineering Geology 292, no. : 106241.
High-resolution DTM does not always help build a good landslide prediction model. When we are using LiDAR DTM in producing a topographic-related factor for grid-based landslide susceptibility/hazard analysis, the selection of an optimal measurement scale becomes important. Because the resolution of LiDAR DTM may be up to 1 meter, and the average landslide size may be more than 1 thousand square meters, to use a conventional 3x3 kernel for calculation of a factor value is not valid. Actual tests tell us, to use a 15x15 and larger kernel for calculation may yield a more effective factor for interpreting the landslide distribution in a study area.
A test area was selected at the catchment of the Zengwen Reservoir in southwestern Taiwan. The original 1mx1m LiDAR DTM was firstly reduced to a 2mx2m DTM for analysis. Factors of slope gradient, slope aspect, topographic roughness, slope roughness, plan curvature, profile curvature, tangential curvature and total curvature are analyzed by using a series of kernels in different sizes up to 25x25 for comparison. And success rate curve method was used to evaluate the effectiveness of each factor in interpreting landslide distribution. Highest AUC is selected as the most effective one and the kernel size which yield that is the optimal measurement scale of the factor.
A 3x3 kernel has a measurement scale of 2h and is 4 meters (h is grid size of 2 meters), a 25x25 kernel has a measurement scale of 24h and is 48 meters. Factors calculated from an optimal measurement scale will be selected for construction of a landslide susceptibility model. The success rate and prediction rate of this model would be significantly increasing as compared with the model built from conventional 3x3 kernel calculated factors. Finally this optimal susceptibility model was used to construct a landslide hazard model for prediction of landslide distribution under different triggering events.
Chyi-Tyi Lee; Tsung-Chi Ji. The Use of LiDAR DTM in Landslide Susceptibility/Hazard Analysis. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleChyi-Tyi Lee, Tsung-Chi Ji. The Use of LiDAR DTM in Landslide Susceptibility/Hazard Analysis. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChyi-Tyi Lee; Tsung-Chi Ji. 2020. "The Use of LiDAR DTM in Landslide Susceptibility/Hazard Analysis." , no. : 1.
Site effect is one of the critical factors influencing the seismic hazard evaluation. Among others, the average shear-wave velocity of the upper 30 meters of a soil profile (Vs30) has been widely used for assessing the ground-motion amplification. However, spatial resolution of shear wave velocity data is usually poor for reginal- or national-wise evaluation. Standard Penetration Test N-value, the most abundant geotechnical data, was then used to estimate the shear wave velocity (Vs) empirically and the uncertainty of the Vs30 map can be reduced. In this study, we use the state variables of soils (void ratio and effective stress) to evaluate the shear wave velocity and to map the Vs30 in Taiwan. Engineering Geological Database for TSMIP (EGDT) comprises soil profile, shear wave velocity measurements, groundwater table, and soil physical properties (such as void ratio, water content, specific gravity, and unit weight), was used to construct the correlation between Vs, void ratio, and effective stress. The drilling database of Taiwan CGS was then used to estimate the spatial distribution of Vs30, where the Vs is un-available. The results were compared with the previous version of Vs30 map of Taiwan. The uncertainty of the new Vs30 map was evaluated and the propagation of uncertainty to the seismic hazard can be evaluated accordingly.
Jia Cian Gao; Jyun Liang Guo; Jia Jyun Dong; Chyi Tyi Lee. Correlation between shear wave velocity, void ratio and effective stress: Mapping Vs30 in Taiwan. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleJia Cian Gao, Jyun Liang Guo, Jia Jyun Dong, Chyi Tyi Lee. Correlation between shear wave velocity, void ratio and effective stress: Mapping Vs30 in Taiwan. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJia Cian Gao; Jyun Liang Guo; Jia Jyun Dong; Chyi Tyi Lee. 2020. "Correlation between shear wave velocity, void ratio and effective stress: Mapping Vs30 in Taiwan." , no. : 1.
As climate change has been of great concern worldwide for many years, addressing global climate challenges is the most significant task for humanity
Yuei-An Liou; Yuriy Kuleshov; Chung-Ru Ho; Jean-Pierre Barriot; Chyi-Tyi Lee. Preface: Earth Observations for Addressing Global Challenges. Remote Sensing 2020, 12, 841 .
AMA StyleYuei-An Liou, Yuriy Kuleshov, Chung-Ru Ho, Jean-Pierre Barriot, Chyi-Tyi Lee. Preface: Earth Observations for Addressing Global Challenges. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12 (5):841.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYuei-An Liou; Yuriy Kuleshov; Chung-Ru Ho; Jean-Pierre Barriot; Chyi-Tyi Lee. 2020. "Preface: Earth Observations for Addressing Global Challenges." Remote Sensing 12, no. 5: 841.
Rainfall-induced landslides number among the most devastating natural hazards in the world and early warning models are urgently needed to reduce losses and fatalities. Most landslide early warning systems are based on rainfall thresholds defined on the regional scale, regardless of the different landslide susceptibilities of various slopes. Here we divided slope units in southern Taiwan into three categories (high, moderate and low) according to their susceptibility. For each category, we established separate rainfall thresholds so as to provide differentiated thresholds for different degrees of susceptibility. Logistic regression (LR) analysis was performed to evaluate landslide susceptibility by using event-based landslide inventories and predisposing factors. Analysis of rainfall patterns of 941 landslide cases gathered from field investigation led to the recognition that 3 h mean rainfall intensity (I3) is a key rainfall index for rainfall of short duration but high intensity; in contrast, 24 h accumulated rainfall (R24) was recognized as a key rainfall index for rainfall of long duration but low intensity. Thus, the I3–R24 rainfall index was used to establish rainfall thresholds in this study. Finally, an early warning model is proposed by setting alert levels including yellow (advisory), orange (watch) and red (warning) according to a hazard matrix. These differentiated thresholds and alert levels can provide essential information for local governments to use in deciding whether to evacuate residents.
Lun-Wei Wei; Chuen-Ming Huang; Hongey Chen; Chyi-Tyi Lee; Chun-Chi Chi; Chen-Lung Chiu. Adopting the I3–R24 rainfall index and landslide susceptibility for the establishment of an early warning model for rainfall-induced shallow landslides. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 2018, 18, 1717 -1733.
AMA StyleLun-Wei Wei, Chuen-Ming Huang, Hongey Chen, Chyi-Tyi Lee, Chun-Chi Chi, Chen-Lung Chiu. Adopting the I3–R24 rainfall index and landslide susceptibility for the establishment of an early warning model for rainfall-induced shallow landslides. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences. 2018; 18 (6):1717-1733.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLun-Wei Wei; Chuen-Ming Huang; Hongey Chen; Chyi-Tyi Lee; Chun-Chi Chi; Chen-Lung Chiu. 2018. "Adopting the I3–R24 rainfall index and landslide susceptibility for the establishment of an early warning model for rainfall-induced shallow landslides." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 18, no. 6: 1717-1733.
Characterizing active faults and quantifying their activity are major concerns in Taiwan, especially following the major Chichi earthquake on 21 September 1999. Among the targets that still remain poorly understood in terms of active tectonics are the Hengchun and Kenting faults (Southern Taiwan). From a geodynamic point of view, the faults affect the outcropping top of the Manila accretionary prism of the Manila subduction zone that runs from Luzon (northern Philippines) to Taiwan. In order to better locate and quantify the location and quantify the activity of the Hengchun Fault, we start from existing geological maps, which we update thanks to the use of two products derived from unmanned aircraft system acquisitions: (1) a very high precision (< 50 cm) and resolution (< 10 cm) digital surface model (DSM) and (2) a georeferenced aerial photograph mosaic of the studied area. Moreover, the superimposition of the resulting structural sketch map with new Persistent Scatterer Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PS-InSAR) results obtained from PALSAR ALOS images, validated by Global Positioning System (GPS) and leveling data, allows the characterization and quantification of the surface displacements during the monitoring period (2007–2011). We confirm herein the geometry, characterization and quantification of the active Hengchun Fault deformation, which acts as an active left-lateral transpressive fault. As the Hengchun ridge was the location of one of the last major earthquakes in Taiwan (26 December 2006, depth: 44 km, ML= 7.0), Hengchun Peninsula active tectonics must be better constrained in order if possible to prevent major destructions in the near future.
Benoit Deffontaines; Kuo-Jen Chang; Johann Champenois; Kuan-Chuan Lin; Chyi-Tyi Lee; Rou-Fei Chen; Jyr-Ching Hu; Samuel Magalhaes. Active tectonics of the onshore Hengchun Fault using UAS DSM combined with ALOS PS-InSAR time series (Southern Taiwan). Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 2018, 18, 829 -845.
AMA StyleBenoit Deffontaines, Kuo-Jen Chang, Johann Champenois, Kuan-Chuan Lin, Chyi-Tyi Lee, Rou-Fei Chen, Jyr-Ching Hu, Samuel Magalhaes. Active tectonics of the onshore Hengchun Fault using UAS DSM combined with ALOS PS-InSAR time series (Southern Taiwan). Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences. 2018; 18 (3):829-845.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBenoit Deffontaines; Kuo-Jen Chang; Johann Champenois; Kuan-Chuan Lin; Chyi-Tyi Lee; Rou-Fei Chen; Jyr-Ching Hu; Samuel Magalhaes. 2018. "Active tectonics of the onshore Hengchun Fault using UAS DSM combined with ALOS PS-InSAR time series (Southern Taiwan)." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 18, no. 3: 829-845.
Rainfall-induced landslide is one of the most devastating natural hazards in the world and the setup of early warning models is a pressing need for reducing losses and fatalities. Most part of landslide early warnings are based on rainfall thresholds defined at the regional scale, regardless of the different landslide susceptibility of each slope. Here we tried to divide slope units in southern Taiwan into three categories (high, moderate, low) according to their susceptibility. For each category, we established their rainfall thresholds separately so as to provide differentiated thresholds for different susceptibility. Logistic regression (LR) analysis was performed to evaluate the landslide susceptibility by using event based landslide inventories and predisposing factors. Through the analysis of rainfall patterns of more than 900 landslide cases gathered from field investigation, 3-hour mean rainfall intensity (I3) was recognized as a key rainfall index for short duration but high intensity rainfall; on the other hand, 24-hour accumulated rainfall (R24) was recognized as a key rainfall index for long duration but low intensity rainfall. Thus, the I3–R24 rainfall index was used for the establishment of rainfall thresholds in this study. Finally, an early warning model was proposed by setting warning signs including yellow (advisory), orange (watch) and red (warning) according to the concept of hazard matrix. These differentiated thresholds and warning signs can provide essential information for local government on evacuating decision of residents.
Lun-Wei Wei; Chuen-Ming Huang; Chyi-Tyi Lee; Chun-Chi Chi; Chen-Lung Chiu. Adopting I3–R24 rainfall index and landslide susceptibility on the establishment of early warning model for rainfall-induced shallow landslides. 2017, 2017, 1 -21.
AMA StyleLun-Wei Wei, Chuen-Ming Huang, Chyi-Tyi Lee, Chun-Chi Chi, Chen-Lung Chiu. Adopting I3–R24 rainfall index and landslide susceptibility on the establishment of early warning model for rainfall-induced shallow landslides. . 2017; 2017 ():1-21.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLun-Wei Wei; Chuen-Ming Huang; Chyi-Tyi Lee; Chun-Chi Chi; Chen-Lung Chiu. 2017. "Adopting I3–R24 rainfall index and landslide susceptibility on the establishment of early warning model for rainfall-induced shallow landslides." 2017, no. : 1-21.
Four rain-event landslide inventories and one combined-event dataset for the mountainous terrain around the Choswei river catchment area in central Taiwan were selected for studies. A total of five event-based landslide susceptibility analyses were completed, and one multi-temporal landslide inventory was used to carry out regular landslide susceptibility analysis. The basic susceptibility of each model was compared and a common pattern of susceptibility was found among them. The results indicate that there is a common pattern of landslide susceptibility in a given region regardless of which event is used to build the susceptibility model. Also, the basic susceptibility is similar in pattern to the susceptibility model built based upon the multi-temporal landslide inventory of that region.
Chyi-Tyi Lee; Chih-Chung Chung; Matjaz Mikos; Binod Tiwari; Yueping Yin; Kyoji Sassa. Common Patterns Among Different Landslide Susceptibility Models of the Same Region. Advancing Culture of Living with Landslides 2017, 937 -942.
AMA StyleChyi-Tyi Lee, Chih-Chung Chung, Matjaz Mikos, Binod Tiwari, Yueping Yin, Kyoji Sassa. Common Patterns Among Different Landslide Susceptibility Models of the Same Region. Advancing Culture of Living with Landslides. 2017; ():937-942.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChyi-Tyi Lee; Chih-Chung Chung; Matjaz Mikos; Binod Tiwari; Yueping Yin; Kyoji Sassa. 2017. "Common Patterns Among Different Landslide Susceptibility Models of the Same Region." Advancing Culture of Living with Landslides , no. : 937-942.
Geometry, characterization and quantification of active faults are major concern in Taiwan, especially following the major Chichi earthquake of September 21st, 1999. Among the targets that still remain poorly known in terms of active tectonics, are the Hengchun and Kenting faults (Southern Taiwan). From the geodynamic point of view, the latter affects the outcropping top of the Manila accretionary prism of the Manila subduction zone that runs from Luzon (N. Philippines) to Taiwan. In order to settle the location, characterization and quantification of the Hengchun fault, we needed to up-date the Chinese Petroleum Corporation (CPC, 1993) and Central Geological Survey (Sung, 1991) existing geological maps using GIS mapping and photo-interpretation of both UAS's acquisition : 1). the very high precision (
Benoit Deffontaines; Kuo-Jen Chang; Johann Champenois; Kuan-Chuan Lin; Chyi-Tyi Lee; Rou-Fei Chen; Jyr-Ching Hu; Bénédicte Fruneau. Active tectonics of the onshore Hengchun Fault using UAS DTM combined with ALOS PS-InSAR time series (Southern Taiwan). 2017, 1 -22.
AMA StyleBenoit Deffontaines, Kuo-Jen Chang, Johann Champenois, Kuan-Chuan Lin, Chyi-Tyi Lee, Rou-Fei Chen, Jyr-Ching Hu, Bénédicte Fruneau. Active tectonics of the onshore Hengchun Fault using UAS DTM combined with ALOS PS-InSAR time series (Southern Taiwan). . 2017; ():1-22.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBenoit Deffontaines; Kuo-Jen Chang; Johann Champenois; Kuan-Chuan Lin; Chyi-Tyi Lee; Rou-Fei Chen; Jyr-Ching Hu; Bénédicte Fruneau. 2017. "Active tectonics of the onshore Hengchun Fault using UAS DTM combined with ALOS PS-InSAR time series (Southern Taiwan)." , no. : 1-22.
Chih‐Hsuan Sung; Chyi‐Tyi Lee. A New Methodology for Quantification of the Systematic Path Effects on Ground‐Motion Variability. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 2016, 106, 2796 -2810.
AMA StyleChih‐Hsuan Sung, Chyi‐Tyi Lee. A New Methodology for Quantification of the Systematic Path Effects on Ground‐Motion Variability. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 2016; 106 (6):2796-2810.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChih‐Hsuan Sung; Chyi‐Tyi Lee. 2016. "A New Methodology for Quantification of the Systematic Path Effects on Ground‐Motion Variability." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 106, no. 6: 2796-2810.
In the past, landslide susceptibility analysis was generally limited to a small area and research purpose. A susceptibility model established for on specific region could not be applied to other areas. This has led to technological stagnation in the research and testing phase. Based on actual demand, Taiwan started a research program, the Central Geological Survey, in 2003, for the execution of nationwide landslide hazard maps. By the end of year 2013, the whole of Taiwan has been mapped with good results. This paper discusses the success of landslide susceptibility/hazard analysis and mapping over a wide region and shares the experience with society. For hazard analysis and mapping one needs to take into account heterogeneous features present in a wide area and the consistency of results from different regions. These challenges require the following two methods to be resolved: (1) division of homogeneous zones so that a reliable hazard model can be established for a zone; (2) a consistent hazard level must be chosen so that the results for different regions will be consistent. Also, it is important to select an event-based landslide susceptibility analysis method that will ensure the consistency of results from different analyses.
Chyi-Tyi Lee; Li-Yuan Fei. Nationwide Landslide Hazard Analysis and Mapping in Taiwan. Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 2 2015, 971 -974.
AMA StyleChyi-Tyi Lee, Li-Yuan Fei. Nationwide Landslide Hazard Analysis and Mapping in Taiwan. Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 2. 2015; ():971-974.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChyi-Tyi Lee; Li-Yuan Fei. 2015. "Nationwide Landslide Hazard Analysis and Mapping in Taiwan." Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 2 , no. : 971-974.
Chyi-Tyi Lee. Statistical seismic landslide hazard analysis: An example from Taiwan. Engineering Geology 2014, 182, 201 -212.
AMA StyleChyi-Tyi Lee. Statistical seismic landslide hazard analysis: An example from Taiwan. Engineering Geology. 2014; 182 ():201-212.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChyi-Tyi Lee. 2014. "Statistical seismic landslide hazard analysis: An example from Taiwan." Engineering Geology 182, no. : 201-212.
Tsaoling landslide is the largest and best documented landslide among several large landslides induced by the 1999 Taiwan Chi-Chi earthquake. Pliocene sedimentary rocks of about 125 Mm3 in volume slid along very flat bedding planes dipping by 14° with an average speed of 35–40 m/s for about 1650 m, before hitting the bank of the Chinshui River during the landslide. Detailed analysis of DTMs before and after the earthquake using a GIS software leads to an accurate determination of the locations of the centroids of landslide mass, revealing the horizontal and vertical displacements of the 2524 m and 524 m, respectively. Those displacements and landslide mass give an apparent friction coefficient of 0.21 and the release of the potential energy of 1.6 × 1015 J. We conducted rotary-shear high-velocity friction experiments on fault gouge from bedding-parallel faults under semi-wet conditions and at 3 MPa normal stress corresponding to the overburden pressure of the landslide mass. We also compiled reported data on the frictional properties on shale powders and fault gouge from the landslide site under both dry and wet conditions, and proposed a velocity–displacement dependent friction law that can describe most experimental data. Newmark analysis of landslide motion with six scenarios for different landslide materials and conditions, assuming a simple rigid block sliding and using measured frictional parameters, revealed that the landslide did not occur with dry frictional properties, and that the landslide occurred at 38–39 s with accumulated displacements of 0.62 m–1.09 m and reached at the river bank at 82–87 s after the generation of Chi-Chi earthquake at its epicenter. Those timings are consistent with high-frequency signals at 32–40 s and at 76 s recorded at a nearby seismic station and with a survivor's witness that the landslide initiated 10 s after he felt strong ground motion, possible S wave arrival at 25.2 s. Slip-weakening is essential in initiating the landslide and low friction coefficient (0.08–0.1) allowed high-speed of the landslide possible. The landslide was caused by a few peaks of northeast-oriented strong accelerations of the ground motion. Frictional work during the sliding of the landslide mass was estimated to be of about 23% of potential energy, and the rest of the released energy is likely to have been consumed during the stopping phase of the landslide after hitting the river bank in complex processes such as fragmentation, heat dissipation, and spreading of the landslide deposits.
Che-Ming Yang; Wei-Lun Yu; Jia-Jyun Dong; Chih-Yu Kuo; Toshihiko Shimamoto; Chyi-Tyi Lee; Tetsuhiro Togo; Yuki Miyamoto. Initiation, movement, and run-out of the giant Tsaoling landslide — What can we learn from a simple rigid block model and a velocity–displacement dependent friction law? Engineering Geology 2014, 182, 158 -181.
AMA StyleChe-Ming Yang, Wei-Lun Yu, Jia-Jyun Dong, Chih-Yu Kuo, Toshihiko Shimamoto, Chyi-Tyi Lee, Tetsuhiro Togo, Yuki Miyamoto. Initiation, movement, and run-out of the giant Tsaoling landslide — What can we learn from a simple rigid block model and a velocity–displacement dependent friction law? Engineering Geology. 2014; 182 ():158-181.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChe-Ming Yang; Wei-Lun Yu; Jia-Jyun Dong; Chih-Yu Kuo; Toshihiko Shimamoto; Chyi-Tyi Lee; Tetsuhiro Togo; Yuki Miyamoto. 2014. "Initiation, movement, and run-out of the giant Tsaoling landslide — What can we learn from a simple rigid block model and a velocity–displacement dependent friction law?" Engineering Geology 182, no. : 158-181.
Recurrence of rain-induced landslides is controlled by the repetition of rain events. Therefore, rainfall induced landslide hazard analysis is more complicated than a conventional rainfall frequency analysis, and requires multi-stage procedures. It requires a susceptibility analysis to divide a region into successive classes at the first stage. Then, the relationship between the probability of landslide failure and rainfall intensity and/or total rainfall of an event for each susceptibility classes may be constructed, and further fit a probability of failure surface using the susceptibility value, rainfall intensity and/or total rainfall as independent variables. Then, frequency analysis for rainfall parameters at different return periods is performed. Finally, an analysis of the spatial probability of landslide failure under a certain return-period rainfall is drawn. This study selects data for Typhoon Haitang induced landslides in the Kaopin river basin as the training data set to perform a susceptibility analysis and a probability of failure surface analysis. A rainfall frequency analysis is also conducted to map different return-period rainfall intensity and 3-day rainfalls. Finally, a rainfall landslide hazard map is provided.
Chyi-Tyi Lee. Multi-stage Statistical Landslide Hazard Analysis: Rain-Induced Landslides. Landslide Science for a Safer Geoenvironment 2014, 291 -298.
AMA StyleChyi-Tyi Lee. Multi-stage Statistical Landslide Hazard Analysis: Rain-Induced Landslides. Landslide Science for a Safer Geoenvironment. 2014; ():291-298.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChyi-Tyi Lee. 2014. "Multi-stage Statistical Landslide Hazard Analysis: Rain-Induced Landslides." Landslide Science for a Safer Geoenvironment , no. : 291-298.
Landslides are secondary or induced features, whose recurrence is controlled by the repetition of triggering events, such as earthquakes or heavy rainfall. This makes seismic landslide hazard analysis more complicated than ordinary seismic hazard analysis and requires multi-stage analysis. First, susceptibility analysis is utilized to divide a region into successive classes. Then, it is necessary to construct the relationship between the probability of landslide failure and earthquake intensity for each susceptibility class, or find the probability of failure surface using the susceptibility value and earthquake intensity as independent variables. Then, hazard analysis for the exceedance probability of earthquake intensity is performed. Finally, an analysis of the spatial probability of landslide failure under a certain return-period earthquake is drawn. This study uses data obtained from the Chi-Chi earthquake-induced landslides as input data set to perform the susceptibility analysis and probability of failure surface analysis. A regular probabilistic seismic hazard analysis is also conducted to map different return-period Arias intensities. Finally, a seismic landslide hazard map is provided.
Chyi-Tyi Lee. Multi-stage Statistical Landslide Hazard Analysis: Earthquake-Induced Landslides. Landslide Science for a Safer Geoenvironment 2014, 205 -211.
AMA StyleChyi-Tyi Lee. Multi-stage Statistical Landslide Hazard Analysis: Earthquake-Induced Landslides. Landslide Science for a Safer Geoenvironment. 2014; ():205-211.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChyi-Tyi Lee. 2014. "Multi-stage Statistical Landslide Hazard Analysis: Earthquake-Induced Landslides." Landslide Science for a Safer Geoenvironment , no. : 205-211.
Pliocene sedimentary rocks of about 130 Mm3 in volume slid along bedding planes dipping by 14°, with an average speed of about 35 m/s, during the Tsaoling landslide. We conducted friction experiments to reproduce the initiation processes of this landslide, by idealizing landslide movements during the earthquake as accelerating/decelerating motion. Experiments were done on shale from the field, at 3 MPa normal stress corresponding to the overburden pressure. Results indicate that the accelerating/decelerating motion causes weakening and strengthening at each oscillation cycle and results in overall slip weakening which can be approximated as an exponential slip weakening. Behaviors during oscillatory slip are fairly similar to those during sliding at constant slip rates. Newmark analysis with measured frictional properties reveals that the landslide can be triggered with wet gouge properties, but the landslide motion stops with parameters for dry shale gouge. Delayed initiation of the landslide is consistent with a survivor's witness.
Tetsuhiro Togo; Toshihiko Shimamoto; Jia-Jyun Dong; Chyi-Tyi Lee; Che-Ming Yang. Triggering and runaway processes of catastrophic Tsaoling landslide induced by the 1999 Taiwan Chi-Chi earthquake, as revealed by high-velocity friction experiments. Geophysical Research Letters 2014, 41, 1907 -1915.
AMA StyleTetsuhiro Togo, Toshihiko Shimamoto, Jia-Jyun Dong, Chyi-Tyi Lee, Che-Ming Yang. Triggering and runaway processes of catastrophic Tsaoling landslide induced by the 1999 Taiwan Chi-Chi earthquake, as revealed by high-velocity friction experiments. Geophysical Research Letters. 2014; 41 (6):1907-1915.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTetsuhiro Togo; Toshihiko Shimamoto; Jia-Jyun Dong; Chyi-Tyi Lee; Che-Ming Yang. 2014. "Triggering and runaway processes of catastrophic Tsaoling landslide induced by the 1999 Taiwan Chi-Chi earthquake, as revealed by high-velocity friction experiments." Geophysical Research Letters 41, no. 6: 1907-1915.
The difficulty in identifying factors controlling the dynamic response of landslide-prone slopes to seismic shaking makes desirable the development of reconnaissance techniques to reveal site resonance conditions that can favour seismically-induced slope failures. Tests were performed to derive information on the occurrence of directional resonance by analysing the azimuthal variations of the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios of ambient noise (HVNR) recorded by portable seismometers. In particular, data were acquired in an area of central Italy (Caramanico Terme), affected in the past by seismically-induced landslides, and in two areas of Taiwan (Tsaoling and Jiufengershan), where the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake triggered giant landslides. The HVNR analysis demonstrated that the presence of a pronounced directional resonance can be recognised from data acquired under different ambient conditions and with different sensors. However, measurement repetitions and uncertainty assessment are fundamental to distinguish persistent features, attributable to site effects, from transient phenomena due to variable ambient conditions.
Vincenzo Del Gaudio; Janusz Wasowski; Chyi-Tyi Lee. Inferring Seismic Response of Landslide-Prone Slopes from Microtremor Study. Landslide Science and Practice 2013, 199 -209.
AMA StyleVincenzo Del Gaudio, Janusz Wasowski, Chyi-Tyi Lee. Inferring Seismic Response of Landslide-Prone Slopes from Microtremor Study. Landslide Science and Practice. 2013; ():199-209.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVincenzo Del Gaudio; Janusz Wasowski; Chyi-Tyi Lee. 2013. "Inferring Seismic Response of Landslide-Prone Slopes from Microtremor Study." Landslide Science and Practice , no. : 199-209.
Landslides triggered by the 1999 Chi–Chi earthquake were re-mapped from high-resolution SPOT images taken before and after the quake. Their distribution was studied and landslide controlling factors statistically analyzed. Slope gradient, relative slope height, total slope height, closest distance to fault-rupture plane, and Arias Intensity were the most significant factors affecting landsliding. Earthquake-induced landslides were most common on longer and steeper slopes, and occurred at a high position on the slope. Most landslides were concentrated in the regions with peak ground accelerations exceeding 250 gals.
Chyi-Tyi Lee. Re-Evaluation of Factors Controlling Landslides Triggered by the 1999 Chi–Chi Earthquake. Earthquake-Induced Landslides 2012, 213 -224.
AMA StyleChyi-Tyi Lee. Re-Evaluation of Factors Controlling Landslides Triggered by the 1999 Chi–Chi Earthquake. Earthquake-Induced Landslides. 2012; ():213-224.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChyi-Tyi Lee. 2012. "Re-Evaluation of Factors Controlling Landslides Triggered by the 1999 Chi–Chi Earthquake." Earthquake-Induced Landslides , no. : 213-224.
Friction characteristics on the sliding surface of giant landslide is important for investigating the triggering, moving, and deposition. In this research, we incorporating a velocity-displacement dependent friction law into the Newmark method to predict the kinematics of a giant landslide. The parameters of the friction law are determined from the high velocity rotary shear experiments of shale and the fault gouge collected from the Tsaoling landslide site triggered by Chi–Chi earthquake in 1999. Based on the strong ground motion data and the account of a survivor, the proposed approach is validated. It is concluded that the Newmark method incorporating into a velocity-displacement dependent friction law can be used to precisely reproduce the detachment, rapid moving, and long run-out of a giant landslide.
Jia-Jyun Dong; Che-Ming Yang; Wei-Lun Yu; Chyi-Tyi Lee; Yuki Miyamoto; Toshihiko Shimamoto. Velocity-Displacement Dependent Friction Coefficient and the Kinematics of Giant Landslide. Earthquake-Induced Landslides 2012, 397 -403.
AMA StyleJia-Jyun Dong, Che-Ming Yang, Wei-Lun Yu, Chyi-Tyi Lee, Yuki Miyamoto, Toshihiko Shimamoto. Velocity-Displacement Dependent Friction Coefficient and the Kinematics of Giant Landslide. Earthquake-Induced Landslides. 2012; ():397-403.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJia-Jyun Dong; Che-Ming Yang; Wei-Lun Yu; Chyi-Tyi Lee; Yuki Miyamoto; Toshihiko Shimamoto. 2012. "Velocity-Displacement Dependent Friction Coefficient and the Kinematics of Giant Landslide." Earthquake-Induced Landslides , no. : 397-403.
The implementation of landslide probability analysis was undertaken to evaluate the effect of landsliding on closures of major mountain road networks at Guoshin Township in central Taiwan. To achieve this objective, an event-based landslide probability analysis method was adopted to establish a landslide prediction model by using a set of training data from the landslides triggered by Typhoon Mindulle in July 2004. Landslide causative factors and triggering factors were selected in a logistic regression scheme so that the criteria for successfully distinguishing landslides from nonlandslides were established. Landslide occurrence probability was mapped in the whole study area and along the road route. Locations of high potential for landslide occurrence were, thus, highlighted along the road route and were proposed for road closure during typhoon events. At last, the proposed locations for road closure were validated by historical road closures caused by subsequent typhoons after Typhoon Mindulle. Validation results show that the proposed model could be used in predicting road closure resulting from storm-induced landslides.
Shu-Rong Yang; Che-Wei Shen; Chuen-Ming Huang; Chyi-Tyi Lee; Chin-Tung Cheng; Chen-Yu Chen. Prediction of Mountain Road Closure Due to Rainfall-Induced Landslides. Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities 2012, 26, 197 -202.
AMA StyleShu-Rong Yang, Che-Wei Shen, Chuen-Ming Huang, Chyi-Tyi Lee, Chin-Tung Cheng, Chen-Yu Chen. Prediction of Mountain Road Closure Due to Rainfall-Induced Landslides. Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities. 2012; 26 (2):197-202.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShu-Rong Yang; Che-Wei Shen; Chuen-Ming Huang; Chyi-Tyi Lee; Chin-Tung Cheng; Chen-Yu Chen. 2012. "Prediction of Mountain Road Closure Due to Rainfall-Induced Landslides." Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities 26, no. 2: 197-202.