Recent research has suggested a possible link between Parkinson's disease (PD) and Fabry disease. To test this relationship, we administered a self-report and family history questionnaire to determine the prevalence of PD in Fabry disease patients and family members with likely pathogenic alpha-galactosidase A (GLA) mutations. A total of 90 Fabry patients (77 from the online survey and 13 from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS)) were included in the analysis. Two of the Fabry disease patients who completed the online survey were diagnosed with PD (2/90, 2.2%). Among probands older than 60, 8.3% (2/24) were diagnosed with PD. Using Kaplan Meier survival analysis, the age-specific risk of PD by age 70 was 11.1%. Family history was available on 72 Fabry families from the online study and 9 Fabry families from ISMMS. Among these 81 families, 6 (7.4%) had one first degree relative who fit the criteria for a conservative diagnosis of PD. The results of this study suggest that there may be an increased risk of developing PD in individuals with GLA mutations, but these findings should be interpreted with caution given the limitations of the study design.
23 November 2020 in American Journal of Medical Genetics Part C: Seminars in Medical Genetics
Background: Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) and X‐linked Protoporphyria (XLP) are rare photodermatoses presenting with severe phototoxicity. Although anecdotally, providers who treat EPP patients acknowledge their life‐altering effects, tools that fully capture their impact on quality of life (QoL) are lacking.Methods: Adult patients with EPP/XLP were given four validated QoL tools: the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System 57 (PROMIS‐57), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Illness Perception Questionnaire Revised (IPQR), and an EPP‐Specific tool. All patients received the PROMIS‐57 while the HADS, IPQR, and EPP‐Specific tools were introduced at a later date. Associations between responses and clinical phenotypes were explored.Results: Two hundred and two patients were included; 193 completed PROMIS‐57, 104 completed IPQR, 103 completed HADS, and 107 completed the EPP‐Specific tool. The IPQR showed that patients strongly believed EPP/XLP had a negative impact on their lives. Mean scores in anxiety and depression domains of both HADS and PROMIS‐57 were normal; however, anxiety scores from HADS were borderline/abnormal in 20% of patients. The EPP‐Specific tool revealed a decreased QoL in most patients. The PROMIS‐57 showed that 21.8% of patients have clinically significant pain interference. Several tool domains correlated with measures of disease severity, most being from the PROMIS‐57.Conclusions: Impaired QoL is an important consequence of EPP/XLP. PROMIS‐57 was most sensitive in evaluating impaired QoL in EPP/XLP. Further research is needed to compare the effectiveness of it for assessing response to treatment.