Objectives: To measure burnout in a cohort of neonatologists and to explore its association with several psychological and biographic factors. Materials and methods: A total of 110 neonatologists filled in a personal questionnaire composed of four parts: (a) biographic data, (b) personal beliefs, (c) attitudes toward clinical decisions and (d) a validated tool (the Link Burnout Questionnaire [LBQ]) to assess their burnout. The LBQ categorizes burnout into four subscales: psycho-physical exhaustion, relationship deterioration, sense of professional failure and disillusion. Scores of each subscale range from 6 (minimum) to 36 (maximum). Burnout values were matched with the data of the personal questionnaire. Results: Most neonatologists (60%–65%) were in the “at risk” range for burnout. High burnout was experienced by 30% of the neonatologists. Having no children is associated with low rates of burnout; work experience of less than 5 years, believing that living with a physical disability is unworthy and having recurrent death ideation are associated with high rates of burnout. The attitude to resuscitating a 24-week baby is inversely correlated with the disillusion rate. Conclusion: In our cohort, burnout exceeds the alarm threshold in one-third of cases. Some of the risk factors we examined were correlated with burnout and should be considered in future prevention programs.