This paper verifies the applicability of multiple Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) and side lobe signal utilization in Space Service Volume (SSV), especially for Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) missions over the Korean region. Unlike the ground or terrestrial systems, various constraints of space exploration in SSV cause a problem when estimating position using GNSS. This is mainly due to the limit of GNSS signal availability where its dominant variables include altitude, side lobe issues, as well as longitude because of different constellations of several GNSS. The numerical simulation shows the effectiveness of additional side lobe signals from multi-GNSS. In addition, the effect of non-MEO satellites’ signals in SSV for different longitudes is presented.

A numerical analysis is conducted for assessing the feasibility on the use of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers for Korea Positioning System (KPS) satellites in space service volume (SSV). KPS is planned to provide a navigation and timing service by constructing seven satellites over the Korean Peninsula, which will orbit above the GNSS constellation in SSV. The major problems caused by such orbital characteristics include reduced satellite visibility due to poor geometric diversity and weak signals, causing an increase in the user range error (URE). To address these constraints, this study considers multi‐GNSS and 1‐st side‐lobe signal utilization scenarios. More specifically, the GNSS satellite visibility, geometric dilution of precision, carrier‐to‐noise ratio, URE, and navigation error for KPS satellites in SSV are analysed through a numerical simulation. A trade‐off between visibility and received signal power as well as their effects on positioning accuracy is analysed to describe the utility of side‐lobe signals. Finally, based on numerical analysis of the simulation results, this verifies the applicability of GNSS SSV for KPS satellites through multi‐GNSS and side‐lobe utilization scenarios.