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Strategies for monitoring the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection are crucial for combating the pandemic. Detection and mutation surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses require separate and complex workflows that rely on highly-specialized facilities, personnel, and reagents. To date, no method can rapidly diagnose multiple viral infections and determine variants in a high-throughput manner. We describe a method for multiplex isothermal amplification-based sequencing and real-time analysis of multiple viral genomes, termed NIRVANA. It can simultaneously detect SARS-CoV-2, influenza A, human adenovirus, and human coronavirus, and monitor mutations for up to 96 samples in real-time. NIRVANA showed high sensitivity and specificity for SARS-CoV-2 in 70 clinical samples with a detection limit of 20 viral RNA copies per μl of extracted nucleic acid. It also detected the influenza A co-infection in two samples. The variant analysis results of SARS-CoV-2 positive samples mirror the epidemiology of COVID-19. Additionally, NIRVANA could simultaneously detect SARS-CoV-2 and PMMoV (an omnipresent virus and water quality indicator) in municipal wastewater samples. NIRVANA provides high-confidence detection of both SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses and mutation surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 on the fly. We expect it to offer a promising solution for rapid field-deployable detection and mutational surveillance of pandemic viruses. M.L. is supported by KAUST Office of Sponsored Research (BAS/1/1080-01). This work is supported by KAUST Competitive Research Grant (URF/1/3412-01-01, M.L. and J.C.I.B.) and Universidad Catolica San Antonio de Murcia (J.C.I.B.). A.M.H. is supported by Saudi Ministry of Education (project 436).
Chongwei Bi; Gerardo Ramos-Mandujano; Yeteng Tian; Sharif Hala; Jinna Xu; Sara Mfarrej; Concepcion Rodriguez Esteban; Estrella Nuñez Delicado; Fadwa S. Alofi; Asim Khogeer; Anwar M. Hashem; Naif A.M. Almontashiri; Arnab Pain; Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte; Mo Li. Simultaneous detection and mutation surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 and multiple respiratory viruses by rapid field-deployable sequencing. Med 2021, 2, 689 -700.e4.
AMA StyleChongwei Bi, Gerardo Ramos-Mandujano, Yeteng Tian, Sharif Hala, Jinna Xu, Sara Mfarrej, Concepcion Rodriguez Esteban, Estrella Nuñez Delicado, Fadwa S. Alofi, Asim Khogeer, Anwar M. Hashem, Naif A.M. Almontashiri, Arnab Pain, Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte, Mo Li. Simultaneous detection and mutation surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 and multiple respiratory viruses by rapid field-deployable sequencing. Med. 2021; 2 (6):689-700.e4.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChongwei Bi; Gerardo Ramos-Mandujano; Yeteng Tian; Sharif Hala; Jinna Xu; Sara Mfarrej; Concepcion Rodriguez Esteban; Estrella Nuñez Delicado; Fadwa S. Alofi; Asim Khogeer; Anwar M. Hashem; Naif A.M. Almontashiri; Arnab Pain; Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte; Mo Li. 2021. "Simultaneous detection and mutation surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 and multiple respiratory viruses by rapid field-deployable sequencing." Med 2, no. 6: 689-700.e4.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), continues to spread globally. Although several rapid commercial serological assays have been developed, little is known about their performance and accuracy in detecting SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies in COVID-19 patient samples. Here, we have evaluated the performance of seven commercially available rapid lateral flow immunoassays (LFIA) obtained from different manufacturers, and compared them to in-house developed and validated ELISA assays for the detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM and IgG antibodies in RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients. While all evaluated LFIA assays showed high specificity, our data showed a significant variation in sensitivity of these assays, which ranged from 0% to 54% for samples collected early during infection (3–7 days post symptoms onset) and from 54% to 88% for samples collected at later time points during infection (8–27 days post symptoms onset). Therefore, we recommend prior evaluation and validation of these assays before being routinely used to detect IgM and IgG in COVID-19 patients. Moreover, our findings suggest the use of LFIA assays in combination with other standard methods, and not as an alternative.
Anwar M. Hashem; Rowa Y. Alhabbab; Abdullah Algaissi; Mohamed A. AlFaleh; Sharif Hala; Turki S. Abujamel; M-Zaki ElAssouli; Afrah A. Al-Somali; Fadwa S. Alofi; Asim A. Khogeer; Almohanad A. Alkayyal; Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud; Naif A. M. Almontashiri; Arnab Pain. Performance of Commercially Available Rapid Serological Assays for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies. Pathogens 2020, 9, 1067 .
AMA StyleAnwar M. Hashem, Rowa Y. Alhabbab, Abdullah Algaissi, Mohamed A. AlFaleh, Sharif Hala, Turki S. Abujamel, M-Zaki ElAssouli, Afrah A. Al-Somali, Fadwa S. Alofi, Asim A. Khogeer, Almohanad A. Alkayyal, Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud, Naif A. M. Almontashiri, Arnab Pain. Performance of Commercially Available Rapid Serological Assays for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies. Pathogens. 2020; 9 (12):1067.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnwar M. Hashem; Rowa Y. Alhabbab; Abdullah Algaissi; Mohamed A. AlFaleh; Sharif Hala; Turki S. Abujamel; M-Zaki ElAssouli; Afrah A. Al-Somali; Fadwa S. Alofi; Asim A. Khogeer; Almohanad A. Alkayyal; Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud; Naif A. M. Almontashiri; Arnab Pain. 2020. "Performance of Commercially Available Rapid Serological Assays for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies." Pathogens 9, no. 12: 1067.
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, continues to spread globally with significantly high morbidity and mortality rates. Antigen-specific responses are of unquestionable value for clinical management of COVID-19 patients. Here, we investigated the kinetics of IgM, IgG against the spike (S) and nucleoproteins (N) proteins and their neutralizing capabilities in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with different disease presentations (i.e., mild, moderate or severe), need for intensive care units (ICU) admission or outcomes (i.e., survival vs death). We show that SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG, IgM and neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) were readily detectable in almost all COVID-19 patients with various clinical presentations. Interestingly, significantly higher levels of nAbs as well as anti-S1 and -N IgG and IgM antibodies were found in patients with more severe symptoms, patients requiring admission to ICU or those with fatal outcomes. More importantly, early after symptoms onset, we found that the levels of anti-N antibodies correlated strongly with disease severity. Collectively, these findings provide new insights into the kinetics of antibody responses in COVID-19 patients with different disease severity.
Anwar M. Hashem; Abdullah Algaissi; Sarah A. Almahboub; Mohamed A. Alfaleh; Turki S. Abujamel; Sawsan S. Alamri; Khalid A. Alluhaybi; Haya I. Hobani; Rahaf H. AlHarbi; Reem M. Alsulaiman; M-Zaki ElAssouli; Sharif Hala; Naif K. Alharbi; Rowa Y. Alhabbab; Ahdab A. AlSaieedi; Wesam H. Abdulaal; Abdullah Bukhari; Afrah A. Al-Somali; Fadwa S. Alofi; Asim A. Khogeer; Arnab Pain; Almohanad A. Alkayyal; Naif A. M. Almontashiri; Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud; Xuguang Li. Early Humoral Response Correlates with Disease Severity and Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients. Viruses 2020, 12, 1390 .
AMA StyleAnwar M. Hashem, Abdullah Algaissi, Sarah A. Almahboub, Mohamed A. Alfaleh, Turki S. Abujamel, Sawsan S. Alamri, Khalid A. Alluhaybi, Haya I. Hobani, Rahaf H. AlHarbi, Reem M. Alsulaiman, M-Zaki ElAssouli, Sharif Hala, Naif K. Alharbi, Rowa Y. Alhabbab, Ahdab A. AlSaieedi, Wesam H. Abdulaal, Abdullah Bukhari, Afrah A. Al-Somali, Fadwa S. Alofi, Asim A. Khogeer, Arnab Pain, Almohanad A. Alkayyal, Naif A. M. Almontashiri, Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud, Xuguang Li. Early Humoral Response Correlates with Disease Severity and Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients. Viruses. 2020; 12 (12):1390.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnwar M. Hashem; Abdullah Algaissi; Sarah A. Almahboub; Mohamed A. Alfaleh; Turki S. Abujamel; Sawsan S. Alamri; Khalid A. Alluhaybi; Haya I. Hobani; Rahaf H. AlHarbi; Reem M. Alsulaiman; M-Zaki ElAssouli; Sharif Hala; Naif K. Alharbi; Rowa Y. Alhabbab; Ahdab A. AlSaieedi; Wesam H. Abdulaal; Abdullah Bukhari; Afrah A. Al-Somali; Fadwa S. Alofi; Asim A. Khogeer; Arnab Pain; Almohanad A. Alkayyal; Naif A. M. Almontashiri; Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud; Xuguang Li. 2020. "Early Humoral Response Correlates with Disease Severity and Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients." Viruses 12, no. 12: 1390.
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2, continues to spread globally with significantly high morbidity and mortality rates. Immunological surrogate markers, in particular antigen-specific responses, are of unquestionable value for clinical management of patients with COVID-19. Here, we investigated the kinetics of IgM, IgG against the spike (S) and nucleoproteins (N) proteins and their neutralizing capabilities in hospitalized patients with RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 infection. Our data show that SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG, IgM and neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) were readily detectable in almost all COVID-19 patients with various clinical presentations. Notably, anti-S and -N IgG, peaked 20-40 day after disease onset, and were still detectable for at least up to 70 days, with nAbs observed during the same time period. Moreover, nAbs titers were strongly correlated with IgG antibodies. Significantly higher levels of nAbs as well as anti-S1 and N IgG and IgM antibodies were found in patients with more severe clinical presentations, patients requiring admission to intensive care units (ICU) or those with fatal outcomes. Interestingly, lower levels of antibodies, particularly anti-N IgG and IgM in the first 15 days after symptoms onset, were found in survivors and those with mild clinical presentations. Collectively, these findings provide new insights into the characteristics and kinetics of antibody responses in COVID-19 patients with different disease severity.
Anwar M Hashem; Abdullah Algaissi; Sarah A Almahboub; Mohamed A Alfaleh; Turki S Abujamel; Sawsan S Alamri; Khalid A Alluhaybi; Haya I Hobani; Rahaf H AlHarbi; Reem M Alsulaiman; M-Zaki ElAssouli; Sharif Hala; Naif K Alharbi; Rowa Y Alhabbab; Ahdab A AlSaieedi; Wesam H Abdulaal; Abdullah Bukhari; Afrah A Al-Somali; Fadwa S Alofi; Asim A Khogeer; Arnab Pain; Almohanad A Alkayyal; Naif Am Almontashiri; Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud; Xuguang Li. Early Humoral Response Correlates with Disease Severity and Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleAnwar M Hashem, Abdullah Algaissi, Sarah A Almahboub, Mohamed A Alfaleh, Turki S Abujamel, Sawsan S Alamri, Khalid A Alluhaybi, Haya I Hobani, Rahaf H AlHarbi, Reem M Alsulaiman, M-Zaki ElAssouli, Sharif Hala, Naif K Alharbi, Rowa Y Alhabbab, Ahdab A AlSaieedi, Wesam H Abdulaal, Abdullah Bukhari, Afrah A Al-Somali, Fadwa S Alofi, Asim A Khogeer, Arnab Pain, Almohanad A Alkayyal, Naif Am Almontashiri, Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud, Xuguang Li. Early Humoral Response Correlates with Disease Severity and Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnwar M Hashem; Abdullah Algaissi; Sarah A Almahboub; Mohamed A Alfaleh; Turki S Abujamel; Sawsan S Alamri; Khalid A Alluhaybi; Haya I Hobani; Rahaf H AlHarbi; Reem M Alsulaiman; M-Zaki ElAssouli; Sharif Hala; Naif K Alharbi; Rowa Y Alhabbab; Ahdab A AlSaieedi; Wesam H Abdulaal; Abdullah Bukhari; Afrah A Al-Somali; Fadwa S Alofi; Asim A Khogeer; Arnab Pain; Almohanad A Alkayyal; Naif Am Almontashiri; Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud; Xuguang Li. 2020. "Early Humoral Response Correlates with Disease Severity and Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients." , no. : 1.
Objective The SARS-CoV-2 pathogen has established endemicity in humans. This necessitates the development of rapid genetic surveillance methodologies to serve as an adjunct to existing comprehensive, albeit though slower, genome sequencing-driven approaches. Methods A total of 21,789 complete genomes were downloaded from GISAID on May 28, 2020, for analyses. We have defined the major clades and subclades of circulating SARS-CoV-2 genomes. A rapid sequencing-based genotyping protocol was developed and tested on SARS-CoV-2-positive RNA samples by next-generation sequencing. Results We describe eleven major mutation events that defined five major clades (G614, S84, V251, I378, and D392) of globally-circulating viral populations. The clades can be specifically identified using an 11-nucleotide genetic barcode. An analysis of amino acid variation in SARS-CoV-2 proteins provided evidence of substitution events in the viral proteins involved in both host entry and genome replication. Conclusion Globally-circulating SARS-CoV-2 genomes could be classified into five major clades based on mutational profiles defined by an 11-nucleotide barcode. We have successfully developed a multiplexed sequencing-based, rapid genotyping protocol for high-throughput classification of major clade types of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples. This barcoding strategy will be required to monitor genetic diversity decrease as treatment and vaccine approaches become widely available.
Qingtian Guan; Mukhtar Sadykov; Sara Mfarrej; Sharif Hala; Raeece Naeem; Raushan Nugmanova; Awad Al-Omari; Samer Salih; Abbas Al Mutair; Michael Carr; William W. Hall; Stefan T Arold; Arnab Pain. A genetic barcode of SARS-CoV-2 for monitoring global distribution of different clades during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 2020, 100, 216 -223.
AMA StyleQingtian Guan, Mukhtar Sadykov, Sara Mfarrej, Sharif Hala, Raeece Naeem, Raushan Nugmanova, Awad Al-Omari, Samer Salih, Abbas Al Mutair, Michael Carr, William W. Hall, Stefan T Arold, Arnab Pain. A genetic barcode of SARS-CoV-2 for monitoring global distribution of different clades during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2020; 100 ():216-223.
Chicago/Turabian StyleQingtian Guan; Mukhtar Sadykov; Sara Mfarrej; Sharif Hala; Raeece Naeem; Raushan Nugmanova; Awad Al-Omari; Samer Salih; Abbas Al Mutair; Michael Carr; William W. Hall; Stefan T Arold; Arnab Pain. 2020. "A genetic barcode of SARS-CoV-2 for monitoring global distribution of different clades during the COVID-19 pandemic." International Journal of Infectious Diseases 100, no. : 216-223.
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 affects all aspects of human life. Detection platforms that are efficient, rapid, accurate, specific, sensitive, and user friendly are urgently needed to manage and control the spread of SARS-CoV-2. RT-qPCR based methods are the gold standard for SARS-CoV-2 detection. However, these methods require trained personnel, sophisticated infrastructure, and a long turnaround time, thereby limiting their usefulness. Reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP), a one-step nucleic acid amplification method conducted at a single temperature, has been used for colorimetric virus detection. CRISPR-Cas12 and CRISPR-Cas13 systems, which possess collateral activity against ssDNA and RNA, respectively, have also been harnessed for virus detection. Here, we built an efficient, rapid, specific, sensitive, user-friendly SARS-CoV-2 detection module that combines the robust virus amplification of RT-LAMP with the specific detection ability of SARS-CoV-2 by CRISPR-Cas12. Furthermore, we combined the RT-LAMP-CRISPR-Cas12 module with lateral flow cells to enable highly efficient point-of-care SARS-CoV-2 detection. Our iSCAN SARS-CoV-2 detection module, which exhibits the critical features of a robust molecular diagnostic device, should facilitate the effective management and control of COVID-19.
Zahir Ali; Rashid Aman; Ahmed Mahas; Gundra Sivakrishna Rao; Muhammad Tehseen; Tin Marsic; Rahul Salunke; Amit K. Subudhi; Sharif M. Hala; Samir M. Hamdan; Arnab Pain; Fadwa S. Alofi; Afrah Alsomali; Anwar M. Hashem; Asim Khogeer; Naif A.M. Almontashiri; Malak Abedalthagafi; Norhan Hassan; Magdy M. Mahfouz. iSCAN: An RT-LAMP-coupled CRISPR-Cas12 module for rapid, sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2. Virus Research 2020, 288, 198129 -198129.
AMA StyleZahir Ali, Rashid Aman, Ahmed Mahas, Gundra Sivakrishna Rao, Muhammad Tehseen, Tin Marsic, Rahul Salunke, Amit K. Subudhi, Sharif M. Hala, Samir M. Hamdan, Arnab Pain, Fadwa S. Alofi, Afrah Alsomali, Anwar M. Hashem, Asim Khogeer, Naif A.M. Almontashiri, Malak Abedalthagafi, Norhan Hassan, Magdy M. Mahfouz. iSCAN: An RT-LAMP-coupled CRISPR-Cas12 module for rapid, sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2. Virus Research. 2020; 288 ():198129-198129.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZahir Ali; Rashid Aman; Ahmed Mahas; Gundra Sivakrishna Rao; Muhammad Tehseen; Tin Marsic; Rahul Salunke; Amit K. Subudhi; Sharif M. Hala; Samir M. Hamdan; Arnab Pain; Fadwa S. Alofi; Afrah Alsomali; Anwar M. Hashem; Asim Khogeer; Naif A.M. Almontashiri; Malak Abedalthagafi; Norhan Hassan; Magdy M. Mahfouz. 2020. "iSCAN: An RT-LAMP-coupled CRISPR-Cas12 module for rapid, sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2." Virus Research 288, no. : 198129-198129.
One-step RT-qPCR is the most widely applied method for COVID-19 diagnostics. Designing in-house one-step RT-qPCR kits is restricted by the patent-rights for the production of enzymes and the lack of information about the components of the commercial kits. Here, we provide a simple, economical, and powerful one-step RT-qPCR kit based on patent-free, specifically-tailored versions of Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Reverse Transcriptase and Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase termed the R3T (Rapid Research Response Team) One-step RT-qPCR. Our kit was routinely able to reliably detect as low as 10 copies of the synthetic RNAs of the SARS-CoV-2. More importantly, our kit successfully detected COVID-19 in clinical samples of broad viral titers with similar reliability and selectivity as that of the Invitrogen SuperScript III Platinum One-step RT-qPCR and TaqPath 1-Step RT-qPCR kits. Overall, our kit has shown robust performance in both of laboratory settings and the Saudi Ministry of Health-approved testing facility.
Masateru Takahashi; Muhammad Tehseen; Rahul Salunke; Etsuko Takahashi; Sara Mfarrej; Mohamed A. Sobhy; Fatimah Alhamlan; Sharif Hala; Gerardo R. Mandujano; Ahmed A. Al-Qahtani; Fadwa S. Alofi; Afrah Alsomali; Anwar M. Hashem; Asim Khogeer; Naif A. M. Almontashiri; Jae Man Lee; Hiroaki Mon; Kosuke Sakashita; Mo Li; Takahiro Kusakabe; Arnab Pain; Samir M. Hamdan. R3T (Rapid Research Response Team) One-step RT-qPCR kit for COVID-19 diagnostic using in-house enzymes. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleMasateru Takahashi, Muhammad Tehseen, Rahul Salunke, Etsuko Takahashi, Sara Mfarrej, Mohamed A. Sobhy, Fatimah Alhamlan, Sharif Hala, Gerardo R. Mandujano, Ahmed A. Al-Qahtani, Fadwa S. Alofi, Afrah Alsomali, Anwar M. Hashem, Asim Khogeer, Naif A. M. Almontashiri, Jae Man Lee, Hiroaki Mon, Kosuke Sakashita, Mo Li, Takahiro Kusakabe, Arnab Pain, Samir M. Hamdan. R3T (Rapid Research Response Team) One-step RT-qPCR kit for COVID-19 diagnostic using in-house enzymes. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMasateru Takahashi; Muhammad Tehseen; Rahul Salunke; Etsuko Takahashi; Sara Mfarrej; Mohamed A. Sobhy; Fatimah Alhamlan; Sharif Hala; Gerardo R. Mandujano; Ahmed A. Al-Qahtani; Fadwa S. Alofi; Afrah Alsomali; Anwar M. Hashem; Asim Khogeer; Naif A. M. Almontashiri; Jae Man Lee; Hiroaki Mon; Kosuke Sakashita; Mo Li; Takahiro Kusakabe; Arnab Pain; Samir M. Hamdan. 2020. "R3T (Rapid Research Response Team) One-step RT-qPCR kit for COVID-19 diagnostic using in-house enzymes." , no. : 1.
As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2, continues to spread rapidly around the world, there is a need for well validated serological assays that allow the detection of viral specific antibody responses in COVID-19 patients or recovered individuals. In this study, we established and used multiple indirect Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)-based serological assays to study the antibody response in COVID-19 patients. In order to validate the assays we determined the cut off values, sensitivity and specificity of the assays using sera collected from pre-pandemic healthy controls, COVID-19 patients at different time points after disease-onset, and seropositive sera to other human coronaviruses. The developed SARS-CoV-2 S1 subunit of the spike glycoprotein and nucleocapsid (N)-based ELISAs not only showed high specificity and sensitivity but also did not show any cross-reactivity with other CoVs. We also show that all RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 patients tested in our study developed both virus specific IgM and IgG antibodies as early as week one after disease onset. Our data also suggest that the inclusion of both S1 and N in serological testing would capture as many potential SARS-CoV-2 positive cases as possible than using any of them alone. This is specifically important for tracing contacts and cases and conducting large-scale epidemiological studies to understand the true extent of virus spread in populations.
Abdullah Algaissi; Mohamed A. AlFaleh; Sherif Hala; Turki S. Abujamel; Sawsan S. Alamri; Sarah A Almahboub; Khalid A. Alluhaybi; Haya I. Hobani; Reem M. Alsulaiman; Rahaf H. Alharbi; M-Zaki El-Assouli; Rowa Y Alhabbab; Ahdab A. AlSaieedi; Wesam H. Abdulaal; Afrah A. Al-Somali; Fadwa S. Alofi; Asim A. Khogeer; Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud; Almohanad A Alkayyal; Naif A.M. Almontashiri; Arnab Pain; Anwar M. Hashem. SARS-CoV-2 S1 and N-Based Serological Assays Reveal Rapid Seroconversion and Induction of Specific Antibody Response in COVID-19 Patients. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleAbdullah Algaissi, Mohamed A. AlFaleh, Sherif Hala, Turki S. Abujamel, Sawsan S. Alamri, Sarah A Almahboub, Khalid A. Alluhaybi, Haya I. Hobani, Reem M. Alsulaiman, Rahaf H. Alharbi, M-Zaki El-Assouli, Rowa Y Alhabbab, Ahdab A. AlSaieedi, Wesam H. Abdulaal, Afrah A. Al-Somali, Fadwa S. Alofi, Asim A. Khogeer, Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud, Almohanad A Alkayyal, Naif A.M. Almontashiri, Arnab Pain, Anwar M. Hashem. SARS-CoV-2 S1 and N-Based Serological Assays Reveal Rapid Seroconversion and Induction of Specific Antibody Response in COVID-19 Patients. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdullah Algaissi; Mohamed A. AlFaleh; Sherif Hala; Turki S. Abujamel; Sawsan S. Alamri; Sarah A Almahboub; Khalid A. Alluhaybi; Haya I. Hobani; Reem M. Alsulaiman; Rahaf H. Alharbi; M-Zaki El-Assouli; Rowa Y Alhabbab; Ahdab A. AlSaieedi; Wesam H. Abdulaal; Afrah A. Al-Somali; Fadwa S. Alofi; Asim A. Khogeer; Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud; Almohanad A Alkayyal; Naif A.M. Almontashiri; Arnab Pain; Anwar M. Hashem. 2020. "SARS-CoV-2 S1 and N-Based Serological Assays Reveal Rapid Seroconversion and Induction of Specific Antibody Response in COVID-19 Patients." , no. : 1.
Sharif Hala; Antony Paul Chakkiath; Qingtian Guan; Mohammed AlShehri; Asim Alsaedi; Alaa Alsharief; Abdulfattah Al-Amri; Arnab Pain. Crohn’s Disease Patient Infected With Multiple Co-occurring Nontuberculous Mycobacteria. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 2020, 26, e65 -e67.
AMA StyleSharif Hala, Antony Paul Chakkiath, Qingtian Guan, Mohammed AlShehri, Asim Alsaedi, Alaa Alsharief, Abdulfattah Al-Amri, Arnab Pain. Crohn’s Disease Patient Infected With Multiple Co-occurring Nontuberculous Mycobacteria. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. 2020; 26 (7):e65-e67.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSharif Hala; Antony Paul Chakkiath; Qingtian Guan; Mohammed AlShehri; Asim Alsaedi; Alaa Alsharief; Abdulfattah Al-Amri; Arnab Pain. 2020. "Crohn’s Disease Patient Infected With Multiple Co-occurring Nontuberculous Mycobacteria." Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 26, no. 7: e65-e67.
Background Nosocomial infections caused by multi-drug resistant Enterobacteriaceae are a global public health threat that ought to be promptly identified, reported, and addressed accurately. Many carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae-associated genes have been identified in Saudi Arabia but not the endemic Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases (KPCs), which are encoded by blaKPC-type genes. KPCs are known for their exceptional spreading potential. Methods We collected n = 286 multi-drug resistant (MDR) Klebsiella spp. isolates as part of screening for resistant patterns from a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia between 2014 and 2018. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out using both VITEK II and the broth microdilution of all collected isolates. Detection of resistance-conferring genes was carried out using Illumina whole-genome shotgun sequencing and PacBio SMRT sequencing protocols. Results A Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) Klebsiella quasipneumoniae subsp. similipneumoniae strain was identified as a novel ST-3510 carrying a blaKPC-2 carbapenemase encoding gene. The isolate, designated as NGKPC-421, was obtained from shotgun Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) surveillance of 286 MDR Klebsiella spp. clinical isolates. The NGKPC-421 isolate was collected from a septic patient in late 2017 and was initially misidentified as K. pneumoniae. The sequencing and assembly of the NGKPC-421 genome resulted in the identification of a putative ~ 39.4 kb IncX6 plasmid harboring a blaKPC-2 gene, flanked by transposable elements (ISKpn6-blaKPC-2–ISKpn27). Conclusion This is the first identification of a KPC-2-producing CRE in the Gulf region. The impact on this finding is of major concern to the public health in Saudi Arabia, considering that it is the religious epicenter with a continuous mass influx of pilgrims from across the world. Our study strongly highlights the importance of implementing rapid sequencing-based technologies in clinical microbiology for precise taxonomic classification and monitoring of antimicrobial resistance patterns.
Sharif Hala; Chakkiath Paul Antony; Mohammed AlShehri; Abdulhakeem O. Althaqafi; Asim Alsaedi; Areej Mufti; Mai Kaaki; Baraa T. Alhaj-Hussein; Hosam M. Zowawi; Abdulfattah Al-Amri; Arnab Pain. First report of Klebsiella quasipneumoniae harboring blaKPC-2 in Saudi Arabia. Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control 2019, 8, 1 -8.
AMA StyleSharif Hala, Chakkiath Paul Antony, Mohammed AlShehri, Abdulhakeem O. Althaqafi, Asim Alsaedi, Areej Mufti, Mai Kaaki, Baraa T. Alhaj-Hussein, Hosam M. Zowawi, Abdulfattah Al-Amri, Arnab Pain. First report of Klebsiella quasipneumoniae harboring blaKPC-2 in Saudi Arabia. Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control. 2019; 8 (1):1-8.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSharif Hala; Chakkiath Paul Antony; Mohammed AlShehri; Abdulhakeem O. Althaqafi; Asim Alsaedi; Areej Mufti; Mai Kaaki; Baraa T. Alhaj-Hussein; Hosam M. Zowawi; Abdulfattah Al-Amri; Arnab Pain. 2019. "First report of Klebsiella quasipneumoniae harboring blaKPC-2 in Saudi Arabia." Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control 8, no. 1: 1-8.
This study was performed to evaluate the protective efficacy of metoclopramide (MCP) against the organophosphates paraoxon (POX)- and malathion (MLT)-induced apoptosis in the murine L929 skin fibroblasts. L929 cells were exposed to either POX (10 nm) or 1.0 μm MLT in the absence and presence of increased concentrations of MCP. The protective effect of MCP on these organophosphate-stimulated apoptotic events was evaluated by flow cytometry analysis after staining with annexin-V/propidium iodide, processing and activation of the executioner caspase-3, cleavage of the poly-ADP ribose polymerase, fragmentation of the nucleosomal DNA and disruption of the mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψ). Our results showed that increased doses of MCP alone (≥10 μm) did not induce apoptosis or activation of caspase-3. Pretreatment of the cells with MCP attenuated all the apoptotic events triggered by the organophosphate compounds in a dose-dependent manner reaching ~70–80% protection when they were preincubated at 1 and 5 μm of the drug before the addition of POX and MLT, respectively. Interestingly, MCP did not offer a significant protective effect against the cytotoxicity of tumor necrosis factor-α, cisplatinum, etoposide or paclitaxel, which stimulate apoptosis by various mechanisms, suggesting that the anti-apoptotic effect of the drug is specific to organophosphates. The strong and specific anti-apoptotic activity of subclinical doses of MCP against the cytotoxicity of organophosphate compounds suggests its potential clinical application in treating their poisoning.
Basem M. Jaber; Georg A Petroianu; Syed A. Rizvi; Anwar Borai; Nada A. Saleh; Sharif Hala; Ayman M. Saleh. Protective effect of metoclopramide against organophosphate-induced apoptosis in the murine skin fibroblast L929. Journal of Applied Toxicology 2017, 38, 329 -340.
AMA StyleBasem M. Jaber, Georg A Petroianu, Syed A. Rizvi, Anwar Borai, Nada A. Saleh, Sharif Hala, Ayman M. Saleh. Protective effect of metoclopramide against organophosphate-induced apoptosis in the murine skin fibroblast L929. Journal of Applied Toxicology. 2017; 38 (3):329-340.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBasem M. Jaber; Georg A Petroianu; Syed A. Rizvi; Anwar Borai; Nada A. Saleh; Sharif Hala; Ayman M. Saleh. 2017. "Protective effect of metoclopramide against organophosphate-induced apoptosis in the murine skin fibroblast L929." Journal of Applied Toxicology 38, no. 3: 329-340.