Nowadays, the need for wireless sensing applications is increasing. Along with the increased illegal cutting of logs in the forest, however, it requires the integration application to tackle the illegal logging and forest preservation. The wireless sensor network is a suitable network architecture for remotely monitoring or tracking applications in the environment. This paper proposed an integrated system that can identify and track the position of a moving cutting log. An Arduino Uno, Raspberry Pi 3 B+, sound sensor, accelerometer sensor, LoRa GPS HAT Shield, and Outdoor LoRa Gateway OLG01 performed the hardware monitoring and tracking of the proposed system. The network of STAR topology configuration between master and slaves is represented by the LoRa Network embedded with the sensors, as an architecture of the wireless sensor network. The system was examined the performance of the network and the tracking process. The result determined that the LoRa can detect and identify the occurrence of the illegal cutting of logs in real-time. Meanwhile, in terms of the tracking performance, a duration of 5–46 s was required to track the new position of the moving cutting log.

This paper is intended to purpose a designed system using Wireless Sensor Network application. It is multiple sensors to tackle illegal cutting in the stage of a timber harvesting. This paper also discusses network performance and the costs of the purposed system. In every node in the networks, the system was built using a combined sound sensor and vibration sensor in which incorporated using Xbee Pro S2C. It is considered as a communication module at each sensor node and Arduino Nano to process the data. The Wireless Sensor Network has been designed in three networks with the configuration of master and slave nodes in each network. This system was testing using several scenarios to have the data performance of the networks and the performance of the proposed system in the small forest and the opened area. The costs of the purposed system also compared related to the previous system. The result showed the optimum distance that can be applied in the WSN network as a real-time application using Xbee Pro S2C is less than 30 meters; meanwhile the time consumed to communicate between nodes is below 5 s. Therefore, the more slaves in the subnetwork will affect the performance of the system. The proposed system runs smoothly as predicted in the purposed system. All the testing is 100% completed and can be handled by the proposed system.

Forest is a natural ecosystem that plays an important role in human life. Unfortunately, due to the exploitation of the forest wealth, the forest ecosystem becomes increasingly diminished. One of the most significant forest damages caused by illegal logging. In some cases, sometimes the information about log harvest that obtained from the logging area always has a discrepancy. To reduce the cunning which is done by the perpetrators, however, a system that can track and monitor the log position from a remote area is needed. This system using APC220 as a WSN using Star topology, embed with RFID reader and Arduino Uno. By designing a log data structure, the tracking and monitoring log is possible to build. This system was testing by three scenarios. The log data structure can be interpreted 100% by the system. According to the resulting test, it can be concluded that this system can track down the position of the log, and inform the forest patrol officer the predictable place where the log is missing.