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Regarding the purification of seawater, it is necessary to reduce both the total concentration of salt and also the concentration of boron to meet purity requirements for safe drinking water. For this purpose reverse osmosis membrane modules can be designed based on experimental data supported by computer models to determine energy efficient configurations and operating conditions. In previous studies numerical models have been suggested to predict the performance of the removal with respect to difference pressures, pH values, and temperatures. Here, an analytical model is suggested which allows for both the simplified fitting of the parameters required for predicting boron transport coefficients and also the simple equations that can be used for the design of combined seawater and boron removal systems. This modelling methodology is demonstrated through two case studies including FilmTec and Saehan membrane modules. For both cases the model is shown to be able to predict the performance with similar accuracy compared with existing finite-difference type numerical models from the literature.
Michael Binns. Analytical Models for Seawater and Boron Removal through Reverse Osmosis. Sustainability 2021, 13, 8999 .
AMA StyleMichael Binns. Analytical Models for Seawater and Boron Removal through Reverse Osmosis. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (16):8999.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMichael Binns. 2021. "Analytical Models for Seawater and Boron Removal through Reverse Osmosis." Sustainability 13, no. 16: 8999.
Biomass gasification is the most reliable thermochemical conversion technology for the conversion of biomass into gaseous fuels such as H2, CO, and CH4. The performance of a gasification process can be estimated using thermodynamic equilibrium models. This type of model generally assumes the system reaches equilibrium, while in reality the system may only approach equilibrium leading to some errors between experimental and model results. In this study non-stoichiometric equilibrium models are modified and improved with correction factors inserted into the design equations so that when the Gibbs free energy is minimized model predictions will more closely match experimental values. The equilibrium models are implemented in MatLab and optimized based on experimental values from the literature using the optimization toolbox. The modified non-stoichiometric models are shown to be more accurate than unmodified models based on the calculated root mean square error values. These models can be applied for various types of solid biomass for the production of syngas through biomass gasification processes such as wood, agricultural, and crop residues.
Hafiz Ayub; Sang Park; Michael Binns. Biomass to Syngas: Modified Non-Stoichiometric Thermodynamic Models for the Downdraft Biomass Gasification. Energies 2020, 13, 5668 .
AMA StyleHafiz Ayub, Sang Park, Michael Binns. Biomass to Syngas: Modified Non-Stoichiometric Thermodynamic Models for the Downdraft Biomass Gasification. Energies. 2020; 13 (21):5668.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHafiz Ayub; Sang Park; Michael Binns. 2020. "Biomass to Syngas: Modified Non-Stoichiometric Thermodynamic Models for the Downdraft Biomass Gasification." Energies 13, no. 21: 5668.
To help meet the global demand for energy and reduce the use of fossil fuels, alternatives such as the production of syngas from renewable biomass can be considered. This conversion of biomass to syngas is possible through a thermochemical gasification process. To design such gasification systems, model equations can be formulated and solved to predict the quantity and quality of the syngas produced with different operating conditions (temperature, the flow rate of an oxidizing agent, etc.) and with different types of biomass (wood, grass, seeds, food waste, etc.). For the comparison of multiple different types of biomass and optimization to find optimal conditions, simpler models are preferred which can be solved very quickly using modern desktop computers. In this study, a number of different stoichiometric thermodynamic models are compared to determine which are the most appropriate. To correct some of the errors associated with thermodynamic models, correction factors are utilized to modify the equilibrium constants of the methanation and water gas shift reactions, which allows them to better predict the real output composition of the gasification reactors. A number of different models can be obtained using different correction factors, model parameters, and assumptions, and these models are compared and validated against experimental data and modelling studies from the literature.
Hafiz Muhammad Uzair Ayub; Sang Jin Park; Michael Binns. Biomass to Syngas: Modified Stoichiometric Thermodynamic Models for Downdraft Biomass Gasification. Energies 2020, 13, 5383 .
AMA StyleHafiz Muhammad Uzair Ayub, Sang Jin Park, Michael Binns. Biomass to Syngas: Modified Stoichiometric Thermodynamic Models for Downdraft Biomass Gasification. Energies. 2020; 13 (20):5383.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHafiz Muhammad Uzair Ayub; Sang Jin Park; Michael Binns. 2020. "Biomass to Syngas: Modified Stoichiometric Thermodynamic Models for Downdraft Biomass Gasification." Energies 13, no. 20: 5383.
A systematic optimization framework is proposed with the aim to automate the design of multi-stage membrane processes for CO2 capture from flue gas of a coal-fired power plant. This framework utilizes a superstructure approach to determine the optimal configuration of membrane systems and identify the most appropriate operating conditions in a holistic manner. Certain design specifications are satisfied through the use of penalty functions which are used in a Genetic Algorithm (GA) optimization method employed to identify design solutions at or near to the global optimal point. Sensitivity analysis is used to analyze multi-stage membrane designs to understand the effects of different structural and operating parameters on the economics of membrane-based carbon capture. As part of a case study the proposed design framework is applied to design membrane processes for the capture of CO2 from a 600 MWe coal-fired power plant. Fixed membrane permeance and selectivity values are used to analyze sensitivities with respect to costing and structural design parameters. Additionally, the Robeson upper bound correlation between CO2 permeance and CO2/N2 selectivity is used within this framework to identify the optimal membrane properties which give economical separation of CO2 and N2. It is found that membranes having at least 4,000 GPU CO2 permeance and over 50 of CO2/N2 selectivity with a commercial available module gave the optimal performance and would be a good guideline for future membrane material development. Also, if different membrane properties are used in each stage (in a multi-stage configuration) then using a higher CO2 permeance for the first stage (e.g. 6,000 GPU CO2 permeance and CO2/N2 selectivity of 40) and higher selectivity membranes are used for subsequent downstream membrane stages (e.g. 1,334 GPU CO2 permeance and CO2/N2 selectivity of 72) helps to reduce the electricity consumption and product purity which can reduce the overall cost of CO2 capture.
Sunghoon Lee; Michael Binns; Jin-Kuk Kim. Automated process design and optimization of membrane-based CO2 capture for a coal-based power plant. Journal of Membrane Science 2018, 563, 820 -834.
AMA StyleSunghoon Lee, Michael Binns, Jin-Kuk Kim. Automated process design and optimization of membrane-based CO2 capture for a coal-based power plant. Journal of Membrane Science. 2018; 563 ():820-834.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSunghoon Lee; Michael Binns; Jin-Kuk Kim. 2018. "Automated process design and optimization of membrane-based CO2 capture for a coal-based power plant." Journal of Membrane Science 563, no. : 820-834.
Sunghoon Lee; Michael Binns; Jung Hyun Lee; Jong-Ho Moon; Jeong-Gu Yeo; Yeong-Koo Yeo; Young Moo Lee; Jin-Kuk Kim. Membrane separation process for CO2 capture from mixed gases using TR and XTR hollow fiber membranes: Process modeling and experiments. Journal of Membrane Science 2017, 541, 224 -234.
AMA StyleSunghoon Lee, Michael Binns, Jung Hyun Lee, Jong-Ho Moon, Jeong-Gu Yeo, Yeong-Koo Yeo, Young Moo Lee, Jin-Kuk Kim. Membrane separation process for CO2 capture from mixed gases using TR and XTR hollow fiber membranes: Process modeling and experiments. Journal of Membrane Science. 2017; 541 ():224-234.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSunghoon Lee; Michael Binns; Jung Hyun Lee; Jong-Ho Moon; Jeong-Gu Yeo; Yeong-Koo Yeo; Young Moo Lee; Jin-Kuk Kim. 2017. "Membrane separation process for CO2 capture from mixed gases using TR and XTR hollow fiber membranes: Process modeling and experiments." Journal of Membrane Science 541, no. : 224-234.
Sekwang Yoon; Michael Binns; Sangmin Park; Jin-Kuk Kim. Development of energy-efficient processes for natural gas liquids recovery. Energy 2017, 128, 768 -775.
AMA StyleSekwang Yoon, Michael Binns, Sangmin Park, Jin-Kuk Kim. Development of energy-efficient processes for natural gas liquids recovery. Energy. 2017; 128 ():768-775.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSekwang Yoon; Michael Binns; Sangmin Park; Jin-Kuk Kim. 2017. "Development of energy-efficient processes for natural gas liquids recovery." Energy 128, no. : 768-775.
CO2 capture processes using aqueous monoethanolamine (MEA) require significant energy expenditure. There are various possible structural modifications which can be implemented to reduce these energy requirements and enhance energy efficiency. However, as the optimal configuration may contain a combination of different modifications a systematic approach is necessary to consider all possibilities. In this study a superstructure including the conventional amine-based CO2 capture configuration and four different types of structural modifications is constructed in the process simulator UniSimĀ®. Optimization of this superstructure reveals the configuration and operating conditions giving the minimum energy costs, systematically and simultaneously considering all of the possible modifications included. This methodology is applied to a CO2 capture case study to illustrate how the proposed modeling and optimization framework can effectively investigate design options available for improving energy efficiency.
Se-Young Oh; Michael Binns; Habin Cho; Jin-Kuk Kim. Energy minimization of MEA-based CO2 capture process. Applied Energy 2016, 169, 353 -362.
AMA StyleSe-Young Oh, Michael Binns, Habin Cho, Jin-Kuk Kim. Energy minimization of MEA-based CO2 capture process. Applied Energy. 2016; 169 ():353-362.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSe-Young Oh; Michael Binns; Habin Cho; Jin-Kuk Kim. 2016. "Energy minimization of MEA-based CO2 capture process." Applied Energy 169, no. : 353-362.
Michael Binns; Sunghoon Lee; Yeong-Koo Yeo; Jung Hyun Lee; Jong-Ho Moon; Jeong-Gu Yeo; Jin-Kuk Kim. Strategies for the simulation of multi-component hollow fibre multi-stage membrane gas separation systems. Journal of Membrane Science 2016, 497, 458 -471.
AMA StyleMichael Binns, Sunghoon Lee, Yeong-Koo Yeo, Jung Hyun Lee, Jong-Ho Moon, Jeong-Gu Yeo, Jin-Kuk Kim. Strategies for the simulation of multi-component hollow fibre multi-stage membrane gas separation systems. Journal of Membrane Science. 2016; 497 ():458-471.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMichael Binns; Sunghoon Lee; Yeong-Koo Yeo; Jung Hyun Lee; Jong-Ho Moon; Jeong-Gu Yeo; Jin-Kuk Kim. 2016. "Strategies for the simulation of multi-component hollow fibre multi-stage membrane gas separation systems." Journal of Membrane Science 497, no. : 458-471.
Habin Cho; Michael Binns; Kwang-Joon Min; Jin-Kuk Kim. Automated process design of acid gas removal units in natural gas processing. Computers & Chemical Engineering 2015, 83, 97 -109.
AMA StyleHabin Cho, Michael Binns, Kwang-Joon Min, Jin-Kuk Kim. Automated process design of acid gas removal units in natural gas processing. Computers & Chemical Engineering. 2015; 83 ():97-109.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHabin Cho; Michael Binns; Kwang-Joon Min; Jin-Kuk Kim. 2015. "Automated process design of acid gas removal units in natural gas processing." Computers & Chemical Engineering 83, no. : 97-109.
Kwang-Joon Min; Michael Binns; Se-Young Oh; Hyun-Young Cha; Jin-Kuk Kim; Yeong-Koo Yeo. Screening of site-wide retrofit options for the minimization of CO2 emissions in process industries. Applied Thermal Engineering 2015, 90, 335 -344.
AMA StyleKwang-Joon Min, Michael Binns, Se-Young Oh, Hyun-Young Cha, Jin-Kuk Kim, Yeong-Koo Yeo. Screening of site-wide retrofit options for the minimization of CO2 emissions in process industries. Applied Thermal Engineering. 2015; 90 ():335-344.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKwang-Joon Min; Michael Binns; Se-Young Oh; Hyun-Young Cha; Jin-Kuk Kim; Yeong-Koo Yeo. 2015. "Screening of site-wide retrofit options for the minimization of CO2 emissions in process industries." Applied Thermal Engineering 90, no. : 335-344.
Se-Young Oh; Michael Binns; Yeong-Koo Yeo; Jin-Kuk Kim. Improving energy efficiency for local energy systems. Applied Energy 2014, 131, 26 -39.
AMA StyleSe-Young Oh, Michael Binns, Yeong-Koo Yeo, Jin-Kuk Kim. Improving energy efficiency for local energy systems. Applied Energy. 2014; 131 ():26-39.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSe-Young Oh; Michael Binns; Yeong-Koo Yeo; Jin-Kuk Kim. 2014. "Improving energy efficiency for local energy systems." Applied Energy 131, no. : 26-39.