How to solve the contradiction between economic growth and ecological environmental protection is a practical problem that should be solved urgently at present. The development of green technology in the manufacturing industry must rely on technology innovation. However, the process of implementing green innovation in the manufacturing industry is full of high uncertainty and risk. First, the green innovation risks were divided into global green R&D risk, global green manufacturing risk, global green marketing risk, and global green service risk from the perspective of the process. Then, this study established a management criteria system of green innovation risk identification in the manufacturing industry under the global value chain (GVC). Furthermore, three methods were applied to identify the green innovation risk of the manufacturing industry under the GVC. Finally, this paper put forward the countermeasures to the green innovation risk of the manufacturing industry under the GVC. The empirical research results of this paper are as follows: From the perspective of the green innovation process, four risks are classified in this study, namely, global green R&D risk, global green manufacturing risk, global green marketing risk, and global green service risk. Among the four stages of green innovation risk, green marketing risk is the highest, followed by green service risk, and green R&D risk and green manufacturing risk are the least. Global green service risk and green R&D risk can be reduced mainly through risk diversification and risk reduction. Global green manufacturing risk and green marketing risk can be reduced mainly through risk diversification and secondary through risk reduction.

Green innovation in the manufacturing industry has been widely recognized. Although green innovation can create economic, social, and ecological value, it is also a high-risk activity. We must facilitate and protect the value of green innovation through scientific and systematic management of the risks generated in the process of innovation. The primary task of risk management is risk identification. Therefore, based on the perspective of the global value chain, this paper identifies the risk of green innovation in the manufacturing industry using the research method of grounded theory. By examining the interview records of 25 manufacturing enterprise executives, we summarize and identify the four major risks and 31 risk factors of green innovation. The empirical results of this paper are as follows: (1) the green innovation risks of the manufacturing industry under the global value chain include green R&D risks under the global value chain; manufacturing risks under the global value chain; marketing risks under the global value chain; service risks under the global value chain. (2) Green R&D risks under the global value chain include seven risk factors; green manufacturing risks under the global value chain include 10 risk factors; green marketing risks under the global value chain include nine risk factors; green service risks under the global value chain include five risk factors.

As there are a large number of risk factors affecting green innovation under the global value chain, the screening of risk indicators is a key link in developing green innovation activities. Through the analysis of the influencing factors of current green innovation risk, the primary index of green innovation risk is established. The group decision characteristic root method is used to identify the key importance of primary indicators of green innovation risk and construct the global value chain’s green innovation risk index system, which provides a scientific method and new ideas for measuring and evaluating green innovation risk in the global value chain. The empirical results of this paper are as follows: 1) green R&D risk measurement indicators under the global value chain include the proportion of global green R&D personnel investment, the proportion of global green R&D capital investment, the stability of global green R&D in manufacturing, the ease of international transfer of green technology, and the international protection of green technology patents; 2) Green manufacturing risk measurement indicators under the global value chain have seven risk factors: the proportion of global green manufacturing personnel investment, the proportion of global green manufacturing capital investment, the global green manufacturing product production scale, the global green manufacturing product quality performance level, the global outsourcing scale of green products, the global green manufacturing technology transformation degree of manufacturing industry, and the global green manufacturing cost increase; 3) green marketing risk measurement indicators under the global value chain have seven risk factors: the proportion of global green marketing personnel investment, the proportion of global green marketing capital investment, the international demand level for green products, the international market competition intensity of green products, the possession of green products to existing international marketing channels, the commercialization and internationalization level of green technology, and the intensity of green technical barriers to trade in the international community; and 4) green service risk measurement indicators under the global value chain have five risk factors: the proportion of global green service personnel investment, the proportion of global green service capital investment, the ¹coverage of global green service outlets, the globalization level of global green product supply chain, and the global after-sales technical service capability of green products.

Digital agriculture is the organic integration of digital information technology and agricultural products. Using big data technology and artificial intelligence technology, it can effectively improve the output, efficiency and economic development of agricultural products. At present, there have been some important progress in the observation of digital agriculture and remote sensing research of agricultural problems. However, the framework and technical system of digital agriculture have not yet been formed, and digital agricultural products in most regions have not been widely used. This paper will focus on the current development situation and development strategy of Heilongjiang province are analyzed in detail, and according to the actual situation of Heilongjiang province, its development direction is discussed, and finally gives the construction of the province ‘s digital agriculture first demonstration area.

With the increasingly serious global environmental problems and the demand for sustainable development in society, green innovation has become an important direction for the development of China's manufacturing industry, but it faces numerous risks and challenges. Therefore, establishing a scientifically effective green innovation risk measurement model is of great significance for assessing and managing risks and improving investment returns. This article elaborates on the concept and principles of the current green innovation risk measurement model, and analyzes its applicability, advantages and disadvantages. On this basis, the specific application of the model in China's manufacturing industry is explored. Finally, the effectiveness of the model application is elaborated, and future research directions and suggestions are proposed. Through the research in this article, it is expected to enhance China's manufacturing industry's understanding and management capabilities of green innovation risks, promote the transformation of enterprises towards sustainable development, and make positive contributions to achieving a win-win situation of economic and environmental benefits.