Supramolecular hydrogels based on chitosan and monoaldehydes are biomaterials with high potential for a multitude of bioapplications. This is due to the proper choice of the monoaldehyde that can tune the hydrogel properties for specific practices. In this conceptual framework, the present paper deals with the investigation of a hydrogel as bioabsorbable wound dressing. To this aim, chitosan was cross-linked with 2-formylphenylboronic acid to yield a hydrogel with antimicrobial activity. FTIR, NMR, and POM procedures have characterized the hydrogel from a structural and supramolecular point of view. At the same time, its biocompatibility and antimicrobial properties were also determined in vitro. Furthermore, in order to assess the bioabsorbable character, its biodegradation was investigated in vitro in the presence of lysosome in media of different pH, mimicking the wound exudate at different stages of healing. The biodegradation was monitored by gravimetrical measurements, SEM microscopy and fractal analyses of the images. The fractal dimension values and the lacunarity of SEM pictures were accurately calculated. All these successful investigations led to the conclusion that the tested materials are at the expected high standards.

In this study, we will discuss the engineering construction of a special sixth generation (6G) antenna, based on the fractal called Minkowski’s loop. The antenna has the shape of this known fractal, set at four iterations, to obtain maximum performance. The frequency bands for which this 6G fractal antenna was designed in the current paper are 170 GHz to 260 GHz (WR-4) and 110 GHz to 170 GHz (WR-6), respectively. The three resonant frequencies, optimally used, are equal to 140 GHz (WR-6) for the first, 182 GHz (WR-4) for the second and 191 GHz (WR-4) for the third. For these frequencies the electromagnetic behaviors of fractal antennas and their graphical representations are highlighted.

In this paper, we propose to quantitatively compare the loss of human lung health under the influence of the illness with COVID-19, based on the fractal-analysis interpretation of the chest-pulmonary CT pictures, in the case of small datasets, which are usually encountered in medical applications. The fractal analysis characteristics, such as fractal dimension and lacunarity measured values, have been utilized as an effective advisor to interpretation of pulmonary CT picture texture.

In this study, one method of using antennas based on fractals to cover few kinds of public protection and disaster relief (PPDR) communications was presented. Dedicated antenna forms, necessary for antenna design by 5G implementation, were enhanced to suit the requirements of specific applications. Employing fractal‐shaped antennas have allowed us to accomplish all these actions, which request compact, conformal, and broadband high performance devices. Antennas derived from Koch’s curve fractals are studied. In order to implement PPDR communications in 5G technology, frequency bandwidths of importance have been carefully selected and properly included in the antenna developments under MATLAB environment. Important information necessary for antenna designers, such as 360 degrees directivity at various frequencies, the impedance (resistance and reactance) along the bandwidth of interest, as well as voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) along the bandwidth of interest for dipole, one‐iteration, and two‐iteration Koch’s curves, respectively, have been obtained. The characteristic of directivity at selected frequencies is also highlighted. In order to maximize antenna parameters, this study has successfully proposed using fractal antennas, objects that use self‐similarity property of fractals for optimum operation in several frequency ranges. For the studied antennas, we have obtained the following results regarding the maximum gains in dBi (which is the unit of the ratio between the gains of the antenna compared to the gain of an isotropic antenna). For the dipole antennas, the gains are 2.73 dBi and 4.76 dBi at 460 MHz and 770 MHz, respectively. The gains for one‐iteration fractal Koch antenna are 6.91 dBi and 4.51 dBi at 460 MHz and 770 MHz, respectively, and finally, for two‐iteration fractal Koch antenna, the gains are 4.91 dBi and 3.28 dBi at 460 MHz and 770 MHz, respectively. Moreover, the impedance along the bandwidth is approximately 360 Ohms for two‐iteration fractal Koch antenna, 180 Ohms for one‐iteration fractal Koch antenna, and 140 Ohms for dipole antenna, respectively.

This paper introduces an AI model designed for the diagnosis and monitoring of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The present artificial intelligence (AI) model founded on the machine learning concept was created for the identification/recognition, keeping under observation, and prediction of a patient’s clinical evaluation infected with the CoV-2 virus. The deep learning (DL)-initiated process (an AI subset) is punctually prepared to identify patterns and provide automated information to healthcare professionals. The AI algorithm is based on the fractal analysis of CT chest images, which is a practical guide to detecting the virus and establishing the degree of lung infection. CT pulmonary images, delivered by a free public source, were utilized for developing correct AI algorithms with the aim of COVID-19 virus observation/recognition, having access to coherent medical data, or not. The box-counting procedure was used with a predilection to determine the fractal parameters, the value of the fractal dimension, and the value of lacunarity. In the case of a confirmation, the analysed image is used as input data for a program responsible for measuring the degree of health impairment/damage using fractal analysis. The support of image scans with computer tomography assistance is solely the commencement part of a correctly established diagnostic. A profiled software framework has been used to perceive all the details collected. With the trained AI model, a maximum accuracy of 98.1% was obtained. This advanced procedure presents an important potential in the progress of an intricate medical solution to pulmonary disease evaluation.

Four medicament delivery formulations based on 5-fluorouracil in a chitosan substantial matrix were realized in situ via 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal element hydrogelation. Representative samples of the final realized compounds were investigated from an analytic, constitutional, and morphological viewpoint via Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SEM images of the formulations were investigated in concordance with fractal analysis, and the fractal dimensions and lacunarity were computed. The developed mathematical multifractal model is necessarily confirmed by the experimental measurements corresponding to the 5-fluorouracil release outside the chitosan-formed matrix.