The demand for wireless wideband communications is rapidly increasing due to the need to support more users and to provide more information with higher data rates. Ultra wideband (UWB) technology based on the use of very narrow pulses on the order of nanoseconds, covering a very wide bandwidth in the frequency domain, could be a possible solution to this problem. UWB is a wireless technology developed to transfer data at high rates over very short distances at very low power densities and an area of immense current interest, with numerous potential applications. This paper presents the currently UWB technology and its potential applications. How this technology implemented without causing interference to other existing communication is also discussed. The advantages and disadvantages of this technology are looked into deep as well.

In this paper, a secure parking reservation system using Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) technology has been performed. It helps the drivers from facing the problem that always occurs at the car park, such as time being wasted in searching for the available parking spaces and keep on circling the parking area until they found an empty parking spot. This problem usually occurs in urban areas, where number of vehicles are higher as compared to the availability of parking spaces. In this proposed system there are two modules have been developed such as parking lot monitoring and security reservation modules. For the parking lot monitoring module, the layout animation is used to display the parking lot status. In security reservation module, the users need to send SMS to reserve the parking lot and use the password provided to enter and exit the parking lot. Our main contribution is the system has more security than other previous research with the used of password to enter and exit

With the rapid growth of vehicle availability and\ud usage on the road in recent years, finding a vacant car parking space is becoming more and more difficult which resulting in a number of conflicts such as traffic problems. In this paper, a prototype of Monitoring Parking Space Vacancy System is introduced using wireless technologies to alleviate the traffic problems. The system includes two modules, parking lot vacancy monitoring module, and master module. Parking lot vacancy monitoring module consists of digital infrared sensor, liquid\ud crystal display (LCD), and Zigbee module which are interfaced with PIC microcontroller. Master modules include laptop GUI display, and Zigbee modules. The user can get the status of parking lot vacancy through the LCD of monitoring parking vacancy module. The Zigbee transceiver on monitoring parking\ud vacancy module which interfaced with microcontroller is to\ud transmit the infrared sensor data when the digital infrared\ud sensor detects the presence of vehicle in the parking areas and\ud thus provide the status of the parking lot to be displayed in\ud master module with Graphical User interface (GUI).\u

Gas leakage in industrial area causes many health issues. Thus, to prevent such disasters happen, the atmosphere of a workplace should be regularly monitored and controlled, in order to maintain the clean air environment. However, efforts in industrial air quality control have been impeded by the lack of science-based approaches to identify and assess atmosphere air quality and level of dangerous gas. Therefore, a monitoring system for gas leakage detection needs to be developed. For the development of this system, the combustible gas sensor (MQ9) was used in order to detect the present of methane (CH4) and carbon monoxide gas (CO). This sensor will detect the concentration of the gas according to the voltage output of sensor and operated in the alarm system, autonomous control system and monitoring system by using Arduino uno as the microcontroller for the whole system. Whereas the Zigbee will send the data reading from the gas sensor to monitoring system that display on LabVIEW Graphical User Interface (GUI). Besides, user can take immediate action upon the leakage occurs, else the gas supply and the system will shut down automatically within 10 minutes to prevent the condition becoming worst.

Breast cancer is the transformation of normal cells in the breast area into a malignant tumor, which is the second largest disease as a cause of death for women. Early detection is one way to avoid significant risks in breast cancer. X-ray mammography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques are used to detect breast cancer. However, those techniques have several limitations. Ultra-wideband (UWB) microwave imaging, approved by The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the United States, has promising capabilities in detecting breast cancer. Microwave imaging uses a microstrip antenna that has the advantage of convenience, potentially low cost, and is a non-ionized and safe alternative. In this paper, the ultra-wideband microstrip antenna for breast cancer detection is proposed. The antenna was designed by adding some rectangular slots on a rectangular patch to meet the UWB specifications. The antenna works well at 8.41 GHz to 10.29 GHz with directivity of 6.451 dBi and SAR value of 1.6 W / kg. The antenna was simulated with breast phantom. The tumor sizes of 6 mm and 10 mm are added to evaluate the E/H fields and current density with and without tumor. The highest E-Field value of 928.8 V / m was obtained at 10 GHz with a 10 mm tumor size. The highest H-Field value of 4.06 V / m was achieved at 10 GHz with a 6 mm tumor size. From the simulation, the E/H-field and current density are higher if there is a tumor in the breast compared to the breast without the tumor.

This paper presents various slotted antenna. The proposed antenna is designed in order to meet Ultra Wideband (UWB) requirements and applications. This antenna has small in size enabling it to be fixed into Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) devices. There are three types of proposed slotted antennas; T slotted for patch and feeding strip, couple a ring and L slots, and dual asymmetry L slots. From the simulation results, matching bandwidth is due to the shape of the antenna close to the feeding point, where currents are the strongest. It is shown that to better control an antenna behavior, it is necessary to observe the current distributions which give most contribution on matching performance. The T slot on the feeding strip produces more vertical current thus improve the matching impedance performance at higher frequencies, the ring slot with the open angle of 90° and radius (r ₁ ) of 3 mm has shown an improvement to the return loss at the lower resonance of 5 GHz and the upper resonance of 10 GHz, the dual asymmetry L slot on rectangular patch has shown multiple resonances. Their simulated return loss and radiation pattern meet the UWB requirements. The slot types are as novelty for this work.