We describe a new intermediate complexity model (PlaSim-ESM-ICMMG-v.1.0) constructed by coupling the Planet Simulator [1-2] with ocean and sea-ice models. We demonstrate the results of climate simulation using PlaSim-ICMMG-v.1.0 considering global fields of surface air temperature, precipitation, sea surface temperature, and ocean circulation, and make comparisons with the results obtained using the original PlaSim version. PlaSim-ICMMG-v.1.0 reproduces the main features of the climate system reasonably well and demonstrates that it is useful for climate system modeling. Due to the rapid warming in the Arctic, there are major challenges associated with the mechanisms that regulate the dynamics of weather in the mid-latitudes. The new earth's system model of intermediate complexity PlaSim-ICMMG-v.1.0 can be used to deal with these challenges.

Potential vorticity (PV) streamers and cutoffs are indicators of Rossby wave breaking (RWB) near the extratropical tropopause. The Rossby wave breaking forms an elongated high-PV stratospheric air tongue that extends to the equator and a tropospheric low PV air tongue that extends to the pole. There are two types of RWB: equatorward and poleward ones. Frequently, PV tongues stretch into narrow filaments, so-called PV streamers that split into PV cutoff vortices. Here the terms stratospheric PV streamer and cutoff refer to stratospheric features of isentropic surfaces (PV > 2 PVU; where 1 PVU = 10⁻⁶ K_kg⁻¹ m²_s⁻¹). In this paper, we study a configuration of the potential vortex field using model data. The main areas of RWB in winter and summer are shown. Atmospheric blocking events represent some of the most high-impact weather patterns in the mid-latitudes, but they have often been the cause of unsuccessful future climate projections. In this paper, we have examined the seasonal frequency of global blocking events in relation to a change in the mean EOF index based on some modeling results obtained by using a climate system model, PlaSim-ICMMG-1.0.

The amplified warming of the Arctic is one of several factors influencing atmospheric dynamics. In this work, we consider a series of numerical experiments to identify the role of Arctic sea ice reduction in affecting climate trends in the Northern Hemisphere. With this aim in mind, we use two independent mechanisms of ice reduction. The first is traditionally associated with increasing the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from the historic level of 360 ppm to 450 ppm and 600 ppm. This growth increases air temperature and decreases the ice volume. The second mechanism is associated with a reduction in the reflectivity of ice and snow. We assume that comparing the results of these two experiments allows us to judge the direct role of ice reduction. The most prominent consequences of ice reduction, as a result, are the weakening of temperature gradient at the tropopause level in mid-latitudes; the slower zonal wind at 50–60${}^{\circ }$ N; intensification of wave activity in Europe, Western America, and Chukotka; and its weakening in the south of Siberia and Kazakhstan. We also consider how climate change may alter regimes such as blocking and stationary Rossby waves. The study used the INM-CM48 climate system model.

In the last decades, poleward displacements of elements of the general atmospheric circulation such as the Hadley Cell and storm tracks have been observed. On the basis of results of the numerical modeling of climate dynamics using an idealized model of the climatic system, we showed that the tendency to the displacement of storm tracks to the poles in the Northern Hemisphere would continue under the conditions of climate warming (according to the RCP 8.5 scenario). We also discuss the other peculiarities of the dynamics of the general circulation under the conditions of variable climate, which were revealed in the numerical experiment.

This review outlines the most important results of research in dynamic meteorology performed by Russian scientists in 2015–2018. It is part of the Russian National Report on Meteorology and...

In this paper, responses of the general circulation of the atmosphere to climate changes are simulated with a spectral model. It is shown that as the meridional temperature gradient decreases the Hadley circulation weakens and its boundaries move to the poles. The troposphere height dynamics versus the equilibrium temperature of atmospheric radiation is investigated. A relation between the characteristics determining the baroclinic instability in the atmosphere is obtained.