Objetivo. Estimar la prevalencia de diabetes tipo 2 (DT2), atención médica, tratamiento farmacológico y control glucémico en México a nivel nacional, regional y estatal. Material y métodos. Se utilizó la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición Continua 2021-2024 (Ensanut Continua 2021-24) para estimar prevalencias de DT2 total, diagnosticada y no diagnosticada, atención médica, tratamiento farmacológico y control (HbA1c <7%), estratificando por variables sociodemográficas. Resultados. La prevalencia nacional de DT2 fue de 17.0%; 11.6% con diagnóstico previo y 5.4% no diagnosticada. Durango y Campeche tuvieron mayor prevalencia diagnosticada (~16%). Las regiones Centro y Pacífico-Norte presentaron las mayores prevalencias totales (21.1 y 20.7%) y no diagnosticadas (8.1 y 7.3%). Entre personas diagnosticadas, 73.0% recibió atención médica, 90.9% estaba en tratamiento y 33.0% tuvo control glucémico, con menores proporciones en Pacífico-Centro, Ciudad de México y Península (<30%). Conclusión. Las diferencias regionales subrayan la necesidad de políticas focalizadas para mejorar la detección, atención y control de la DT2 en México.

The aims of the present study were to compare the adherence to dietary guidelines and evaluate potential differences in nutrient profiles among adults by diabetes status. We used the Mexican Alternate Healthy Eating Index (MxAHEI) to evaluate adherence to dietary guidelines. We calculated the MxAHEI scores (total and by dietary component) with scales from 0 (non-adherence) to 100 (perfect adherence) based on a food frequency questionnaire. Mean daily intakes of macronutrients and micronutrients (g, mg, mcg/1000 kcal per day) were also estimated by diabetes status. Sex-specific, multivariable linear regression models were estimated to test whether MxAHEI scores as well as nutrient intakes were different by diabetes status. Mexican adults had low adherence to the dietary guidelines irrespective of their diabetes status (score < 50 points). Among men, the MxAHEI score was 2.6 points higher among those with diabetes than those without diabetes (46.9; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 44.6, 49.2 vs. 44.3; 95% CI: 44.2, 45.6, respectively). Among women, the total MxAHEI score was similar in individuals with diabetes compared to those without diabetes. Lower intakes of carbohydrates and added sugars and higher intakes of protein, calcium, and zinc were observed in individuals with diabetes. Our findings support the development of strategies focused on promoting dietary patterns that can help to prevent and control the disease.