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If the current policy explores the utilization of active ingredients in use quickly and to the maximum, the same does not occur with the ban on the registration of products highly dangerous to both health and the environment. The current policy does not aim at reducing pesticide toxicity and ecotoxicity, required to reduce environmental contamination and human exposure. To this end, it is essential to adjust scientific evaluation parameters concerning lower concentration tolerance limits to modernity standards, in addition to banning products for which there is scientific evidence of carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic actions. In ecotoxicology, reducing the applicable concentration limits is paramount for preserving bees, birds, and other forms of domestic and wildlife. When evaluating active ingredients, it is imperative to prioritize more biodegradable molecules with low potential for environmental mobilization through volatilization and leaching, preserving both air and water quality. Another goal, among others, is a program for the generalized reduction of successfully implemented in several countries. Brazil, a tropical agriculture leader, should stand out by incorporating sustainability while preserving both health and the environment.
Tomaz Langenbach; Luiz Caldas; Tácio De Campos; Fábio Correia; Nelson Lorenz; Daniele Marinho; Denise Mano; Luiz Meirelles; Manildo Oliveira; Claudio Parente; João Torres; Leonardo Vicente; Eliana Vieira. Perspectives on Sustainable Pesticide Control in Brazil. World 2021, 2, 295 -301.
AMA StyleTomaz Langenbach, Luiz Caldas, Tácio De Campos, Fábio Correia, Nelson Lorenz, Daniele Marinho, Denise Mano, Luiz Meirelles, Manildo Oliveira, Claudio Parente, João Torres, Leonardo Vicente, Eliana Vieira. Perspectives on Sustainable Pesticide Control in Brazil. World. 2021; 2 (2):295-301.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomaz Langenbach; Luiz Caldas; Tácio De Campos; Fábio Correia; Nelson Lorenz; Daniele Marinho; Denise Mano; Luiz Meirelles; Manildo Oliveira; Claudio Parente; João Torres; Leonardo Vicente; Eliana Vieira. 2021. "Perspectives on Sustainable Pesticide Control in Brazil." World 2, no. 2: 295-301.
Poultry litter is widely applied as agricultural fertilizer and can affect the soil microbiome through nutrient overload and antibiotic contamination. In this study, we assessed changes in soil bacterial diversity using high-throughput sequencing approaches. Four samples in triplicate were studied: soils with short- and long-term fertilization by poultry litter (S1 = 10 months and S2 = 30 years, respectively), a soil inside a poultry shed (S3), and a forest soil used as control (S0). Samples S0, S1, and S2 revealed a relatively high richness, with confirmed operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in the three replicates of each sample ranging from 1243 to 1279, while richness in S3 was about three times lower (466). The most abundant phyla were Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria. Acidobacteria, Planctomycetes, and Verrucomicrobia were also abundant but highly diminished in S3, while Firmicutes was less abundant in S0. Changes in bacterial communities were very evident at the genera level. The genera Gaiella, Rhodoplanes, Solirubacter, and Sphingomonas were predominant in S0 but strongly decreased in the other soils. Pedobacter and Devosia were the most abundant in S1 and were diminished in S2, while Herbiconiux, Brevundimonas, Proteiniphilum, and Petrimonas were abundant in S2. The most abundant genera in S3 were Deinococcus, Truepera, Rhodanobacter, and Castellaniella. A predictive analysis of the metabolic functions with Tax4Fun2 software suggested the potential presence of enzymes associated with antibiotic resistance as well as with denitrification pathways, indicating that the S3 soil is a potential source of nitrous oxide, a powerful greenhouse gas.
Cláudio E. T. Parente; Elcia M. S. Brito; César A. Caretta; Erick A. Cervantes-Rodríguez; Andrea P. Fábila-Canto; Renata E. Vollú; Lucy Seldin; Olaf Malm. Bacterial diversity changes in agricultural soils influenced by poultry litter fertilization. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 2021, 52, 675 -686.
AMA StyleCláudio E. T. Parente, Elcia M. S. Brito, César A. Caretta, Erick A. Cervantes-Rodríguez, Andrea P. Fábila-Canto, Renata E. Vollú, Lucy Seldin, Olaf Malm. Bacterial diversity changes in agricultural soils influenced by poultry litter fertilization. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology. 2021; 52 (2):675-686.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCláudio E. T. Parente; Elcia M. S. Brito; César A. Caretta; Erick A. Cervantes-Rodríguez; Andrea P. Fábila-Canto; Renata E. Vollú; Lucy Seldin; Olaf Malm. 2021. "Bacterial diversity changes in agricultural soils influenced by poultry litter fertilization." Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 52, no. 2: 675-686.
On January 2019, the B1 iron ore tailings’ dam collapsed in Brumadinho, Brazil, being one of the worst mining-related disasters, with 270 human deaths (11 of them still missing) and 12.106 m3 of tailings released to the environment. The tailings devastated the Córrego do Feijão brook and reached the adjacent Paraopeba River, the region's main watercourse and a major tributary of the São Francisco basin. Although physicochemical parameters of the river were strongly impacted, and acute toxicological effects have been reported from exposure experiments, contamination of aquatic biota had not yet been assessed. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate contamination by trace elements (As, Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) in sediment, fish and macrophytes along the Paraopeba River, upstream and downstream from the dam failure site, during the dry and wet season. With the exception of Cd and Hg, all elements in sediment samples had lower median concentrations downstream. An inverse pattern was observed for the aquatic biota, with significant higher concentrations of Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn in fishes, and increased concentrations of most elements in macrophytes, indicating an increase in element bioavailability. A significant seasonal variation was observed with increased concentrations of As (dry season) and Pb (wet season) in fish samples, with the same trend occurring in macrophytes. Concentrations of potentially toxic elements in fish samples in wet weight (Cr: 1.80 ± 1.31 mg kg-1, Hg: 0.21 ± 0.11 mg kg-1 and Pb: 0.79 ± 0.80 mg kg-1) were lower than those reported before the disaster. Furthermore, As and Pb concentrations exceeded the safety threshold for fish consumption in 3% and 41% of samples, respectively, representing a matter of concern for public health.
Cláudio E.T. Parente; Adan S. Lino; Gabriel O. Carvalho; Ana C. Pizzochero; Claudio E. Azevedo-Silva; Matheus O. Freitas; Cláudia Teixeira; Rodrigo L. Moura; Virgílio José M. Ferreira Filho; Olaf Malm. First year after the Brumadinho tailings’ dam collapse: Spatial and seasonal variation of trace elements in sediments, fishes and macrophytes from the Paraopeba River, Brazil. Environmental Research 2020, 193, 110526 .
AMA StyleCláudio E.T. Parente, Adan S. Lino, Gabriel O. Carvalho, Ana C. Pizzochero, Claudio E. Azevedo-Silva, Matheus O. Freitas, Cláudia Teixeira, Rodrigo L. Moura, Virgílio José M. Ferreira Filho, Olaf Malm. First year after the Brumadinho tailings’ dam collapse: Spatial and seasonal variation of trace elements in sediments, fishes and macrophytes from the Paraopeba River, Brazil. Environmental Research. 2020; 193 ():110526.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCláudio E.T. Parente; Adan S. Lino; Gabriel O. Carvalho; Ana C. Pizzochero; Claudio E. Azevedo-Silva; Matheus O. Freitas; Cláudia Teixeira; Rodrigo L. Moura; Virgílio José M. Ferreira Filho; Olaf Malm. 2020. "First year after the Brumadinho tailings’ dam collapse: Spatial and seasonal variation of trace elements in sediments, fishes and macrophytes from the Paraopeba River, Brazil." Environmental Research 193, no. : 110526.
Poultry litter soil application contributes to sustainability of agricultural systems and is in accordance with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN-SDG). Poultry litter recommended rates are based on crop nitrogen (N) needs, however, their application can be a potential source of antibiotics and trace elements overload. The aim of the study was to estimate the role of poultry litter application on soil contamination by fluoroquinolones [enrofloxacin (ENR) and ciprofloxacin (CIP)] and trace elements, based on N requirements for crops. Analytical and sampling techniques were used to estimate the loads from poultry litter application. Only CIP was found in poultry litter samples (283 ± 124 µg kg−1) and its load was estimated to be of 9.89 ± 4.33 g ha−1, for the poultry litter application (35 t ha−1). The estimated loads (g ha−1) of trace elements were: Cr 9.19 ± 3.26, Ni 12.3 ± 4.93, Pb 22.0 ± 8.26, Cu 229 ± 85.6, Mn 691 ± 259 and Zn 1,011 ± 378. These estimates were 900% higher than those recommended by the technical guidance, while N exceeded 600% the recommended application. In order to achieve UN-SDGs, local policies to disseminate knowledge and technologies are required for consolidating sustainable agricultural practices.
Cláudio E. T. Parente; Gabriel S. Brusdzenski; Everaldo Zonta; Adan S. Lino; Claudio E. Azevedo-Silva; Paulo R. Dorneles; Antonio Azeredo; João Paulo M. Torres; Rodrigo O. Meire; Olaf Malm. Fluoroquinolones and trace elements in poultry litter: estimation of environmental load based on nitrogen requirement for crops. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B 2020, 55, 1087 -1098.
AMA StyleCláudio E. T. Parente, Gabriel S. Brusdzenski, Everaldo Zonta, Adan S. Lino, Claudio E. Azevedo-Silva, Paulo R. Dorneles, Antonio Azeredo, João Paulo M. Torres, Rodrigo O. Meire, Olaf Malm. Fluoroquinolones and trace elements in poultry litter: estimation of environmental load based on nitrogen requirement for crops. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B. 2020; 55 (12):1087-1098.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCláudio E. T. Parente; Gabriel S. Brusdzenski; Everaldo Zonta; Adan S. Lino; Claudio E. Azevedo-Silva; Paulo R. Dorneles; Antonio Azeredo; João Paulo M. Torres; Rodrigo O. Meire; Olaf Malm. 2020. "Fluoroquinolones and trace elements in poultry litter: estimation of environmental load based on nitrogen requirement for crops." Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B 55, no. 12: 1087-1098.
Pyrethroids are chiral insecticides due to the occurrence of up to three asymmetric carbons. Each stereogenic centre generates two possible spatial configurations (R- or S-enantiomers), which are non-superimposable mirrored forms. Two chiral carbons on the cyclopropane ring generate four enantiomers on Type I pyrethroids, while a third chiral centre on Type II pyrethroids generates eight enantiomers. The chiral nature of enzymatic sites favours specific insecticidal activity only for some enantiomers in commercial formulations. On the other hand, there is an overabundance of enantiomers with no desired activity or even undesired side effects. In this sense, in addition to the previously described toxicity of insecticide enantiomers to nontarget organisms, adverse effects, such as endocrine disruption, have been reported for enantiomers with low or no insecticidal action. In addition, the different metabolic pathways of pyrethroid enantiomers have consequences for their persistence and bioaccumulation profiles in biological systems. Therefore, a stereochemical approach is required to better understand the undesired impacts of pyrethroids on the environment and on human health, since the studies point to patterns of toxicity and persistence at enantiomeric levels. The occurrence of degradation/persistence patterns in environmental samples may be useful for understanding enantiomeric fate, contributing to more accurate risk assessments aimed at preventing or mitigating the impacts of continuous pyrethroid release into the environment.
Cláudio Ernesto Taveira Parente; Olaf Malm; Francisco Radler De Aquino Neto. Stereoselectivity and Environmental Behaviour of Pyrethroids. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry 2020, 149 -175.
AMA StyleCláudio Ernesto Taveira Parente, Olaf Malm, Francisco Radler De Aquino Neto. Stereoselectivity and Environmental Behaviour of Pyrethroids. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry. 2020; ():149-175.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCláudio Ernesto Taveira Parente; Olaf Malm; Francisco Radler De Aquino Neto. 2020. "Stereoselectivity and Environmental Behaviour of Pyrethroids." The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry , no. : 149-175.
Our main goal was to investigate the potential accumulation of fluoroquinolones (FQs) in agricultural soils over extended periods of land use, predicting leaching and estimating risk quotients for soil microorganisms. Short to long-term of poultry litter fertilization (<1–30 years) were evaluated for enrofloxacin (ENR) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) input, in addition to the emergence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes. High FQs concentration (range 0.56–100 mg kg−1) were measured in poultry litter samples. In soils, FQs occurrence and risks have changed over the years. An accumulation trend was observed between short and medium-term fertilized soils (ST and MT soils), reaching a range of 330–6138 μg kg−1 ENR and 170–960 μg kg−1 CIP in MT soil, followed by decreased concentrations in long-term fertilized soils (LT soils). The environmental risk assessment showed a high ENR risk quotient (RQ ≥ 1) in ST and MT soils ranging (7–226) and high CIP risk (9–53) in LT soils. The detection of qnrS genes in the area with the lowest FQs concentration emphasizes the importance of a broader approach to environmental assessment, in which not only target compounds are considered. FQs soil-water migration model pointed out a high leaching risk in ST soil. To reduce risks, management measures to decrease antibiotic environmental load should be taken before poultry litter application. In addition, the high weathering of tropical soils contributing to possible fate of antibiotics to water resources through drainage basins should be considered.
Cláudio E.T. Parente; Antonio Azeredo; Renata E. Vollú; Everaldo Zonta; Claudio E. Azevedo-Silva; Elcia M.S. Brito; Lucy Seldin; João Paulo M. Torres; Rodrigo O. Meire; Olaf Malm. Fluoroquinolones in agricultural soils: Multi-temporal variation and risks in Rio de Janeiro upland region. Chemosphere 2018, 219, 409 -417.
AMA StyleCláudio E.T. Parente, Antonio Azeredo, Renata E. Vollú, Everaldo Zonta, Claudio E. Azevedo-Silva, Elcia M.S. Brito, Lucy Seldin, João Paulo M. Torres, Rodrigo O. Meire, Olaf Malm. Fluoroquinolones in agricultural soils: Multi-temporal variation and risks in Rio de Janeiro upland region. Chemosphere. 2018; 219 ():409-417.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCláudio E.T. Parente; Antonio Azeredo; Renata E. Vollú; Everaldo Zonta; Claudio E. Azevedo-Silva; Elcia M.S. Brito; Lucy Seldin; João Paulo M. Torres; Rodrigo O. Meire; Olaf Malm. 2018. "Fluoroquinolones in agricultural soils: Multi-temporal variation and risks in Rio de Janeiro upland region." Chemosphere 219, no. : 409-417.
In this study, pyrethroids were determined in chicken eggs from commercial farm (n = 60) and home egg production (n = 30). These pyrethroids were investigated: bifenthrin, phenothrin, permethrin, cyfluthrin, cypermethrin and fenvalerate, including most diastereomers. Quantification was done using GC-MS in a negative chemical ionization mode. Pyrethroids residues were found in 79% of the analyzed samples. Cypermethrin presented the highest occurrence, being quantified in 62 samples (69%) in concentrations (lipid weight - l w.) varying between 0.29 and 6408 ng g(-1), followed by phenothrin (24%), 21-3910 ng g(-1), permethrin (14%), 2.96-328 ng g(-1), and bifenthrin (11%), 3.77-16.7 ng g(-1). Cyfluthrin and fenvalerate were not detected. Home-produced eggs had a higher occurrence of pyrethroids (97%), with a greater predominance of phenothrin. In commercial production, 70% of the samples presented pyrethroid residues (predominantly cypermethrin). This is the first report about the presence of pyrethroids in home-produced eggs and the first description of a selectivity pattern with the predominance of cis diastereomers in chicken eggs. In general, estimated daily intake does not present a risk to human consumption, according to Brazilian and international standards (FAO/WHO). However, one third of the samples (30 eggs) had concentrations above the maximum residue limits (MRLs). The maximum cypermethrin concentration was 66 times the MRL, while the maximum phenothrin concentration was 11 times the limit. Further studies about transfer dynamics, bioaccumulation and metabolic degradation of stereoisomers are required, as well as determining if this selectivity pattern in food can increase consumer's health risk.
Cláudio E.T. Parente; Julliana Lestayo; Yago S. Guida; Claudio E. Azevedo-Silva; João Paulo M. Torres; Rodrigo Meire; Olaf Malm. Pyrethroids in chicken eggs from commercial farms and home production in Rio de Janeiro: Estimated daily intake and diastereomeric selectivity. Chemosphere 2017, 184, 1261 -1269.
AMA StyleCláudio E.T. Parente, Julliana Lestayo, Yago S. Guida, Claudio E. Azevedo-Silva, João Paulo M. Torres, Rodrigo Meire, Olaf Malm. Pyrethroids in chicken eggs from commercial farms and home production in Rio de Janeiro: Estimated daily intake and diastereomeric selectivity. Chemosphere. 2017; 184 ():1261-1269.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCláudio E.T. Parente; Julliana Lestayo; Yago S. Guida; Claudio E. Azevedo-Silva; João Paulo M. Torres; Rodrigo Meire; Olaf Malm. 2017. "Pyrethroids in chicken eggs from commercial farms and home production in Rio de Janeiro: Estimated daily intake and diastereomeric selectivity." Chemosphere 184, no. : 1261-1269.