Environmental pollution has become one of the most pressing preoccupations for governments, policymakers, and consumers. For this reason, many companies make constant efforts to comply with international laws and standards on ethics, social responsibility, and environmental protection. Fashion companies are among the main producers of pollution because their manufacturing processes result in highly negative outcomes for the environment. In recent years, numerous fashion industries have been transforming their production policies to be sustainable, while others are already born as sustainable businesses. Based on Resource-Based View (RBV) theory and Natural Resource-Based View theory (NRBV), this paper aims at understanding how internal and external factors stimulate born-sustainable businesses operating in the fashion sector, adopting a multiple case study methodology. Our analysis shows that culture, entrepreneurial orientation of the founders, and the proximity of the suppliers among the internal factors, combined with the increase of green consumers as an external factor, foster the creation of green businesses. At the same time, neither current legislation nor the dynamism and competitiveness of markets have influenced the choice of the companies’ founders to start a business based on green production logic. These results reveal the centrality of the founders’ sensitivity toward green strategies to create a sustainable business. The findings have practical implications because they could support regulatory institutions to introduce some incentives that more clearly encourages companies that choose to adopt sustainable business models from the founding, by acting to the internal and external key factors that drive born-sustainable businesses. This study also provides an extension of the existing literature on sustainable born companies, offering researchers useful information on internal and internal factors that promote the adoption of green policies in the fashion industry.

The present work aims to offer a contribute for the evaluation of the opportunity to adopt strategies based on state support or, alternatively, on the managerial autonomy of local bodies in financial trouble. The research, after analysing the main guidelines at European level, presents the results of an empirical investigation on the economic effects produced on the local economy by the financial default of the Municipality of Taranto. The choice of the Municipality of Taranto is due both to the significant magnitude of the ascertained debt, which was one of the highest in the history of Italy, and to the considerable economic effects caused by the recovery procedure. Specifically, with reference to the companies admitted to the passive mass, have been firstly determined the economic losses they suffered and, secondly, has been analysed the survival status of the companies involved in the insolvency procedure and located in the local area of reference, as well as the related strategies they adopted.

The present work aims to offer a contribute for the evaluation of the opportunity to adopt strategies based on state support or, alternatively, on the managerial autonomy of local bodies in financial trouble. The research, after analyzing the main guidelines at European level and mentioning possible solutions currently laid down in Italian legislation, presents the results of an empirical investigation on the economic effects produced on the local economy by the collapse of the Municipality of Taranto. The choice of the city of Taranto is due both to the significant magnitude of the ascertained debt, which was one of the highest in the history of Italy, and to the considerable economic effects caused by the recovery procedure. Specifically, have been firstly examined the reasons which led to the collapse of the local public authority and the main aspects characterizing the administrative management of the passive mass besides the possible solutions for the definitive implementation of the recovery plan.