The prevailing research study described in this article is undertaken to investigate how a green transformational leadership style (GTFL) and green human resource management (GHRM) heighten the environmental performance (EP) of small- and medium-sized enterprises. It also focuses on accessing the mediating role of pro environmental behavior (PEB) between GTFL, GHRM, and the EP of the firms. Using a quantitative design of research, data for the study were collected from the small and medium enterprises of Lahore, Pakistan, with a self-administered survey questionnaire. SPSS and AMOS were used for analyzing the data. The various tests, such as structural equation modelling (SEM), correlation, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and bootstrapping, were performed to test the hypothesis. The analytical results revealed that GHRM and GTFL lead towards optimizing the EP of the firms. Moreover, the findings shed light on the roles of GHRM and GTFL to engage and motivate the employees for the organization’s ecological betterment by generating PEB in order to reach the EP of the firms. This study will be an extension of the existing body of knowledge by recognizing the predictors of GHRM and GTFL as substantial antecedents of the PEB of employees and the EP of the firms.

This study finds that eco-preneurship and green technology initiatives have the potential to improve the environmental quality of selected East Asian economies in the short term, but in the long term, the impact is negative, and there is a need for a better understanding of their effects on greenhouse gas emissions. The pressing need to address the negative impact of human activity on the environment has given rise these initiatives worldwide. However, there is a lack of research on the effectiveness of these initiatives in East Asian economies. In this study, we examine the short-term and long-term effects of eco-preneurship and green technology on greenhouse gas emissions in China and Japan. The results show that in the short term, both linear and non-linear estimations of eco-preneurship have a significant impact on reducing greenhouse gas emissions in China and Japan. Similarly, short-term linear estimations are significant in both China and Japan, but non-linear estimates are only significant in Japan. The same is true for positive shocks related to green technology in China and Japan, although the estimated coefficient for negative shocks is negative only in Japan. Taken together, these results indicate that eco-preneurship and green technology can improve the environmental quality of these selected economies in East Asia to some extent.