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In Mexican Americans, metabolic conditions, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2DM), are not necessarily associated with an increase in mortality; this is the so-called Hispanic paradox. In this cross-sectional analysis, we used a metabolomic analysis to look at the mechanisms behind the Hispanic paradox. To do this, we examined dietary intake and body mass index (BMI; kg/m2) in men and women and their effects on serum metabolomic fingerprints in 70 Mexican Americans (26 men, 44 women). Although having different BMI values, the participants had many similar anthropometric and biochemical parameters, such as systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol, which supported the paradox in these subjects. Plasma metabolomic phenotypes were measured using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). A two-way ANOVA assessing sex, BMI, and the metabolome revealed 23 significant metabolites, such as 2-pyrrolidinone (p = 0.007), TMAO (p = 0.014), 2-aminoadipic acid (p = 0.019), and kynurenine (p = 0.032). Pathway and enrichment analyses discovered several significant metabolic pathways between men and women, including lysine degradation, tyrosine metabolism, and branch-chained amino acid (BCAA) degradation and biosynthesis. A log-transformed OPLS-DA model was employed and demonstrated a difference due to BMI in the metabolomes of both sexes. When stratified for caloric intake (2200 kcal/d), a separate OPLS-DA model showed clear separation in men, while females remained relatively unchanged. After accounting for caloric intake and BMI status, the female metabolome showed substantial resistance to alteration. Therefore, we provide a better understanding of the Mexican-American metabolome, which may help demonstrate how this population—particularly women—possesses a longer life expectancy despite several comorbidities, and reveal the underlying mechanisms of the Hispanic paradox.
Jeffrey Patterson; Xiaojian Shi; William Bresette; Ryan Eghlimi; Sarah Atlas; Kristin Farr; Sonia Vega-López; Haiwei Gu. A Metabolomic Analysis of the Sex-Dependent Hispanic Paradox. Metabolites 2021, 11, 552 .
AMA StyleJeffrey Patterson, Xiaojian Shi, William Bresette, Ryan Eghlimi, Sarah Atlas, Kristin Farr, Sonia Vega-López, Haiwei Gu. A Metabolomic Analysis of the Sex-Dependent Hispanic Paradox. Metabolites. 2021; 11 (8):552.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJeffrey Patterson; Xiaojian Shi; William Bresette; Ryan Eghlimi; Sarah Atlas; Kristin Farr; Sonia Vega-López; Haiwei Gu. 2021. "A Metabolomic Analysis of the Sex-Dependent Hispanic Paradox." Metabolites 11, no. 8: 552.
We examined individual and parental demographics and home environment factors associated with locomotor skills in predominantly Hispanic preschool-aged children. We used questionnaires to survey parents, included inquiries regarding parenting practices, parents’ physical activity levels, and home-based physical activity resources; and we administered the Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run (PACER) and the CHAMPS Motor Skills Protocol (CMSP) to children to measure the quantity and quality of their locomotor skills. Participants were 144 parents and their children (78.9% Hispanic, 49.3% girls) recruited from urban, community-based childcare and education centers. We examined the relationship between survey measures and PACER and CMSP scores with forward-selection stepwise linear regression models. Overall, 142 children completed the PACER, and 91 completed the CMSP. At the individual level, a child’s age was positively associated with both PACER and CMSP scores, and girls had lower PACER scores than boys. In the home environment, parental promotion of more screen time was associated with a higher children’s PACER score. In addition, higher parent concern for children’s safety was associated with a lower PACER score. We identified several physical activity promoting parent practices as new home environment factors related to the preschool-aged children’s locomotor development. Additional studies are needed to test new hypotheses generated from these data. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03261492 (date of registration 8/25/17)
Jacob Szeszulski; Elizabeth Lorenzo; Teresia O’Connor; Jennie L. Hill; Gabriel Q. Shaibi; Matthew P. Buman; Sonia Vega-López; Steven P. Hooker; Rebecca E. Lee. Exploring Correlates of Preschool-Aged Children’s Locomotor Skills: Individual and Parent Demographics and Home Environment. Perceptual and Motor Skills 2020, 128, 649 -671.
AMA StyleJacob Szeszulski, Elizabeth Lorenzo, Teresia O’Connor, Jennie L. Hill, Gabriel Q. Shaibi, Matthew P. Buman, Sonia Vega-López, Steven P. Hooker, Rebecca E. Lee. Exploring Correlates of Preschool-Aged Children’s Locomotor Skills: Individual and Parent Demographics and Home Environment. Perceptual and Motor Skills. 2020; 128 (2):649-671.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJacob Szeszulski; Elizabeth Lorenzo; Teresia O’Connor; Jennie L. Hill; Gabriel Q. Shaibi; Matthew P. Buman; Sonia Vega-López; Steven P. Hooker; Rebecca E. Lee. 2020. "Exploring Correlates of Preschool-Aged Children’s Locomotor Skills: Individual and Parent Demographics and Home Environment." Perceptual and Motor Skills 128, no. 2: 649-671.
The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of a pilot community-based behavioral intervention on the home food environment in U.S. households. Parents (21 females, 2 males; age = 36 ± 5.5 years; 78% Hispanic) of elementary school-aged children attended a 10-week dietary improvement behavioral intervention targeting an increase in fruit and vegetable consumption and a reduction in sugar intake. Home food availability of fruit, vegetables, and sugar-laden foods and beverages were assessed before and after the intervention using a modified version of the Home Food Inventory. Relative to baseline, the intervention resulted in significant increases in fruit availability (7.7 ± 3.2 items vs. 9.4 ± 3.1 items; p = 0.004) and low sugar cereal (2.3 ± 1.4 types vs. 2.7 ± 1.4 types; p = 0.033). There was a significant reduction in sugar-sweetened beverage availability (3.2 ± 1.9 types vs. 1.7 ± 1.3 types; p = 0.004). There was a significant increase in the number of households with accessible ready-to-eat vegetables and fruit, and a significant reduction in available prepared desserts, and candy (p < 0.01). There were no significant changes in the availability of vegetables and sugar-laden cereals. The current intervention resulted in positive changes in the home food environment. Further research to confirm these results in a randomized controlled trial is warranted.
Rachel A. Cassinat; Meg Bruening; Noe C. Crespo; Mónica Gutiérrez; Adrian Chavez; Frank Ray; Sonia Vega-López. Effects of a Community-Based Pilot Intervention on Home Food Availability among U.S. Households. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 8327 .
AMA StyleRachel A. Cassinat, Meg Bruening, Noe C. Crespo, Mónica Gutiérrez, Adrian Chavez, Frank Ray, Sonia Vega-López. Effects of a Community-Based Pilot Intervention on Home Food Availability among U.S. Households. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (22):8327.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRachel A. Cassinat; Meg Bruening; Noe C. Crespo; Mónica Gutiérrez; Adrian Chavez; Frank Ray; Sonia Vega-López. 2020. "Effects of a Community-Based Pilot Intervention on Home Food Availability among U.S. Households." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 22: 8327.
Metabolic diseases, including obesity and type 2 diabetes, are a major health concern for Latina immigrants. Performing regular aerobic physical activity (PA) is a lifestyle behavior associated with the prevention and control of these conditions. However, PA levels of most Latina immigrants are below national guidelines. Neighborhood environmental factors may influence the PA levels of adults, but limited research has explored associations between the neighborhood environment and PA levels among Latina immigrants. The objective of this study was to explore the PA patterns of first-generation US Latina immigrants and how neighborhood environmental factors are related to those PA patterns. Using a cross-sectional study design, 50 first-generation Latina immigrants completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the Neighborhood Scales Questionnaire, which assessed 6 perceived neighborhood factors: (1) walking environment, (2) aesthetic quality, (3) safety, (4) violence, (5) social cohesion, and (6) activities with neighbors. Median self-reported metabolic equivalent (MET)-minutes/week of PA were used to summarize domain-specific (ie, work, domestic/household, leisure, and transportation) and intensity-specific (ie, walking, moderate, vigorous, moderate to vigorous) PA patterns. Logistic regression examined associations between neighborhood factors and engaging in leisure-time PA (ie, dichotomous outcome of some versus no leisure-time PA), transportation PA (ie, dichotomous outcome of some versus no transportation PA), and meeting national PA guidelines (ie, dichotomous outcome of meeting versus not meeting guidelines). Preliminary analyses showed that 10 participants reported excessively high PA levels and 1 participant had incomplete PA data; these women were excluded from analyses based on IPAQ scoring guidelines. The remaining 39 participants (mean age 40.5 years; mean length of US residency 4.6 years) reported a median of 4512 MET-minutes/week of total PA. The majority of PA was acquired through domestic activities (median 2160 MET-minutes/week), followed by leisure-time PA (median 396 MET-minutes/week), transportation PA (median 198 MET-minutes/week), and work PA (0 MET-minutes/week). Intensity-specific PA patterns showed a median of 594 MET-minutes/week of walking activity and 3500 MET-minutes/week of moderate-to-vigorous PA. Logistic regression models indicated that the neighborhood factors of walking environment, aesthetic quality, and safety were positively associated with engaging in leisure-time PA (odds ratios of 5.95, 95% CI 1.49-23.74; 2.45, 95% CI 1.01-5.93; and 3.30, 95% CI 1.26-8.67, respectively) and meeting national PA guidelines (odds ratios of 4.15, 95% CI 1.13-15.18; 6.43, 95% CI 1.45-28.39; and 2.53, 95% CI 1.00-6.36, respectively). The neighborhood factors of violence, social cohesion, and activities with neighbors were not significantly associated with PA outcomes. Although most participants met national PA guidelines (ie, ≥500 MET-minutes/week of moderate-to-vigorous PA), the majority of their PA was achieved through domestic activities, with limited leisure, transportation, and work PA. Given that leisure-time PA in particular plays a significant role in improving health outcomes, findings suggest that many Latina immigrants could benefit from a leisure-time PA intervention. Such interventions should consider neighborhood environmental influences, as these factors may serve as determinants of PA.
Rodney P Joseph; Sonia Vega-López; Seungyong Han. Physical Activity Patterns and Neighborhood Characteristics of First Generation Latina Immigrants Living in Arizona: A Cross Sectional Study (Preprint). JMIR Formative Research 2020, 5, e25663 .
AMA StyleRodney P Joseph, Sonia Vega-López, Seungyong Han. Physical Activity Patterns and Neighborhood Characteristics of First Generation Latina Immigrants Living in Arizona: A Cross Sectional Study (Preprint). JMIR Formative Research. 2020; 5 (5):e25663.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRodney P Joseph; Sonia Vega-López; Seungyong Han. 2020. "Physical Activity Patterns and Neighborhood Characteristics of First Generation Latina Immigrants Living in Arizona: A Cross Sectional Study (Preprint)." JMIR Formative Research 5, no. 5: e25663.
This study aims to examine children’s fruit, vegetable, and added sugar consumption relative to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans and the American Heart Association’s recommendations, as well as to compare children’s reported consumption with parental perception of the child’s overall diet quality. Data were drawn from 2 independent, cross sectional panels (2009–10 and 2014–15) of the New Jersey Child Health Study. The analytical sample included 2229 households located in five New Jersey cities. Daily consumption of fruit (cups), vegetables (cups), and added sugars (teaspoons) for all children (3–18 years old) were based on parent reports. Multivariate linear regression analyses estimated children’s adjusted fruit, vegetable, and added sugar consumption across parents’ perception categories (Disagree; Somewhat Agree; and Strongly Agree that their child eats healthy). Although only a small proportion of children meet recommendations, the majority of parents strongly agreed that their child ate healthy. Nonetheless, significant differences, in the expected direction, were observed in vegetable and fruit consumption (but not sugar) across parental perceptional categories for most age/sex groups. Dietary interventions tailored to parents should include specific quantity and serving-size information for fruit and vegetable recommendations, based on their child’s age/sex, and highlight sources of added sugar and their sugar content.
Jessica Eliason; Francesco Acciai; Robin S. Deweese; Sonia Vega-López; Punam Ohri-Vachaspati. Children’s Consumption Patterns and Their Parent’s Perception of a Healthy Diet. Nutrients 2020, 12, 2322 .
AMA StyleJessica Eliason, Francesco Acciai, Robin S. Deweese, Sonia Vega-López, Punam Ohri-Vachaspati. Children’s Consumption Patterns and Their Parent’s Perception of a Healthy Diet. Nutrients. 2020; 12 (8):2322.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJessica Eliason; Francesco Acciai; Robin S. Deweese; Sonia Vega-López; Punam Ohri-Vachaspati. 2020. "Children’s Consumption Patterns and Their Parent’s Perception of a Healthy Diet." Nutrients 12, no. 8: 2322.
: A cross-sectional, self-administered survey was used to gather information about dental outcomes, sugar-containing food behaviors and intake, and sociodemographic characteristics of adults of Mexican and Central-American (Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras) origin (n = 517). Bivariate and multiple-variable logistic regressions were used to examine the associations of behaviors related to added sugar-containing foods/beverages (overall intake and consumption before bed) with dental outcomes. Outcome measures involved dental outcomes, dental self-care practices, and added sugar intake. Estimated daily added sugar intake among all participants was 98 (SD = 99) g, with no difference in consumption among participants from different countries. The majority of added sugar (63 (SD = 74) g) was provided by sugar-sweetened beverages. Participants who reported consuming sugar-containing foods or beverages within an hour before bed were more likely to report having a fair/poor/very poor condition of teeth and gums and having felt dental pain (p < 0.05 for all). The amount of sugar intake was associated with being prescribed medication for oral or dental problems (p = 0.008) and dental pain (p = 0.003). Findings support the association between sugar containing food–related behaviors and dental problems among Hispanic immigrants to the U.S. Health promotion and preventive interventions for this population should consider these behaviors as modifiable contributors to adverse dental outcomes.
Sonia Vega-López; Karla Armenta; George Eckert; Gerardo Maupomé. Cross-Sectional Association between Behaviors Related to Sugar-Containing Foods and Dental Outcomes among Hispanic Immigrants. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 5095 .
AMA StyleSonia Vega-López, Karla Armenta, George Eckert, Gerardo Maupomé. Cross-Sectional Association between Behaviors Related to Sugar-Containing Foods and Dental Outcomes among Hispanic Immigrants. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (14):5095.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSonia Vega-López; Karla Armenta; George Eckert; Gerardo Maupomé. 2020. "Cross-Sectional Association between Behaviors Related to Sugar-Containing Foods and Dental Outcomes among Hispanic Immigrants." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 14: 5095.
Objective This secondary data analysis examined associations among perceived neighborhood environmental factors, physical activity (PA), and the presence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in Mexican–American (MA) adults. Seventy-five MA adults (mean age of 37.9 ± 9.3 years) provided anthropometric, biomarker, and survey data. The Neighborhood Scales Questionnaire evaluated six perceived neighborhood factors: walking environment, aesthetic quality, safety, violence, social cohesion, and activities with neighbors. The Rapid Assessment of PA questionnaire assessed PA. MS was determined according to ATP III criteria. Results PA was significantly associated with MS (OR = .338, CI .204–.738). Neighborhood factors of safety (B = .255, p = .024), walking environment (B = .384, p = .001), and social cohesion (B = .230, p = .043) were positively associated with PA. No other neighborhood factors were significantly related to PA. Analyses examining whether neighborhood factors moderated the relationship between PA and MS were not significant.
Rodney P. Joseph; Sonia Vega-López. Associations of perceived neighborhood environment and physical activity with metabolic syndrome among Mexican–Americans adults: a cross sectional examination. BMC Research Notes 2020, 13, 1 -6.
AMA StyleRodney P. Joseph, Sonia Vega-López. Associations of perceived neighborhood environment and physical activity with metabolic syndrome among Mexican–Americans adults: a cross sectional examination. BMC Research Notes. 2020; 13 (1):1-6.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRodney P. Joseph; Sonia Vega-López. 2020. "Associations of perceived neighborhood environment and physical activity with metabolic syndrome among Mexican–Americans adults: a cross sectional examination." BMC Research Notes 13, no. 1: 1-6.
Hispanic women are at high risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D), with obesity and unhealthy eating being important contributing factors. A cross-sectional design was used in this study to identify dietary patterns and their associations with diabetes risk factors. Participants completed a culturally adapted Food Frequency Questionnaire capturing intake over the prior 3 months. Overweight/obese Hispanic women (n = 191) with or at risk for T2D were recruited from a community clinic into a weight loss intervention. Only baseline data was used for this analysis. Dietary patterns and their association with diabetes risk factors (age, body mass index, abdominal obesity, elevated fasting blood glucose [FBG], and hemoglobin A1c). An exploratory factor analysis of dietary data adjusted for energy intake was used to identify eating patterns, and Pearson correlation coefficient (r) to assess the association of the eating patterns with the diabetes risk factors. Six meaningful patterns with healthful and unhealthful traits emerged: (1) sugar and fat-laden, (2) plant foods and fish, (3) soups and starchy dishes, (4) meats and snacks, (5) beans and grains, and (6) eggs and dairy. Scores for the “sugar and fat-laden” and “meats and snacks” patterns were negatively associated with age (r = − 0.230, p = 0.001 and r = − 0.298, p < 0.001, respectively). Scores for “plant foods and fish” were positively associated with FBG (r = 0.152, p = 0.037). Being younger may be an important risk factor for a diet rich in sugar and fat; this highlights the need to assess dietary patterns among younger Hispanic women to identify traits potentially detrimental for their health.
Mayra Arias-Gastélum; Nangel M. Lindberg; Michael C. Leo; Meg Bruening; Corrie M. Whisner; Cheryl Der Ananian; Steven P. Hooker; Erin S. Leblanc; Victor J. Stevens; Elizabeth Shuster; Richard T. Meenan; Sara Gille; Katherine A. Vaughn; Ann Turner; Sonia Vega-López. Dietary Patterns with Healthy and Unhealthy Traits Among Overweight/Obese Hispanic Women with or at High Risk for Type 2 Diabetes. Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities 2020, 1 -11.
AMA StyleMayra Arias-Gastélum, Nangel M. Lindberg, Michael C. Leo, Meg Bruening, Corrie M. Whisner, Cheryl Der Ananian, Steven P. Hooker, Erin S. Leblanc, Victor J. Stevens, Elizabeth Shuster, Richard T. Meenan, Sara Gille, Katherine A. Vaughn, Ann Turner, Sonia Vega-López. Dietary Patterns with Healthy and Unhealthy Traits Among Overweight/Obese Hispanic Women with or at High Risk for Type 2 Diabetes. Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities. 2020; ():1-11.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMayra Arias-Gastélum; Nangel M. Lindberg; Michael C. Leo; Meg Bruening; Corrie M. Whisner; Cheryl Der Ananian; Steven P. Hooker; Erin S. Leblanc; Victor J. Stevens; Elizabeth Shuster; Richard T. Meenan; Sara Gille; Katherine A. Vaughn; Ann Turner; Sonia Vega-López. 2020. "Dietary Patterns with Healthy and Unhealthy Traits Among Overweight/Obese Hispanic Women with or at High Risk for Type 2 Diabetes." Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities , no. : 1-11.
Background Smart Walk is a culturally relevant, social cognitive theory–based, smartphone-delivered intervention designed to increase physical activity (PA) and reduce cardiometabolic disease risk among African American (AA) women. Objective This study aimed to describe the development and initial usability testing results of Smart Walk. Methods Smart Walk was developed in 5 phases. Phases 1 to 3 focused on initial intervention development, phase 4 involved usability testing, and phase 5 included intervention refinement based on usability testing results. In phase 1, a series of 9 focus groups with 25 AA women (mean age 38.5 years, SD 7.8; mean BMI 39.4 kg/m2, SD 7.3) was used to identify cultural factors associated with PA and ascertain how constructs of social cognitive theory can be leveraged in the design of a PA intervention. Phase 2 included the analysis of phase 1 qualitative data and development of the structured PA intervention. Phase 3 focused on the technical development of the smartphone app used to deliver the intervention. Phase 4 consisted of a 1-month usability trial of Smart Walk (n=12 women; mean age 35.0 years, SD 8.5; mean BMI 40 kg/m2, SD 5.0). Phase 5 included refinement of the intervention based on the usability trial results. Results The 5-phase process resulted in the development of the Smart Walk smartphone-delivered PA intervention. This PA intervention was designed to target social cognitive theory constructs of behavioral capability, outcome expectations, social support, self-efficacy, and self-regulation and address deep structure sociocultural characteristics of collectivism, racial pride, and body appearance preferences of AA women. Key features of the smartphone app included (1) personal profile pages, (2) multimedia PA promotion modules (ie, electronic text and videos), (3) discussion boards, and (4) a PA self-monitoring tool. Participants also received 3 PA promotion text messages each week. Conclusions The development process of Smart Walk was designed to maximize the usability, cultural relevance, and impact of the smartphone-delivered PA intervention.
Rodney P Joseph; Colleen Keller; Sonia Vega-López; Marc A Adams; Rebekah English; Kevin Hollingshead; Steven P Hooker; Michael Todd; Glenn A Gaesser; Barbara E Ainsworth. A Culturally Relevant Smartphone-Delivered Physical Activity Intervention for African American Women: Development and Initial Usability Tests of Smart Walk. JMIR mHealth and uHealth 2020, 8, e15346 .
AMA StyleRodney P Joseph, Colleen Keller, Sonia Vega-López, Marc A Adams, Rebekah English, Kevin Hollingshead, Steven P Hooker, Michael Todd, Glenn A Gaesser, Barbara E Ainsworth. A Culturally Relevant Smartphone-Delivered Physical Activity Intervention for African American Women: Development and Initial Usability Tests of Smart Walk. JMIR mHealth and uHealth. 2020; 8 (3):e15346.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRodney P Joseph; Colleen Keller; Sonia Vega-López; Marc A Adams; Rebekah English; Kevin Hollingshead; Steven P Hooker; Michael Todd; Glenn A Gaesser; Barbara E Ainsworth. 2020. "A Culturally Relevant Smartphone-Delivered Physical Activity Intervention for African American Women: Development and Initial Usability Tests of Smart Walk." JMIR mHealth and uHealth 8, no. 3: e15346.
Latinx adolescents are at higher risk for chronic diseases relative to adolescents of other ethnic groups, in part because of their lack of adherence to diet recommendations and their higher rates of substance use. Given the proximal influence of family factors during the developmental stage of adolescence, parenting interventions may be an effective way to promote healthy nutrition and substance use prevention simultaneously. This article describes the design and theoretical rationale of a study assessing the effects of Families Preparing the New Generation Plus (FPNG Plus), a 10-week culturally-tailored nutrition and substance use prevention parenting program, on diet and substance use outcomes among Latinx middle school students (6th-8th grade). The 3-arm cluster randomized controlled trial compares FPNG Plus (substance use prevention and healthy nutrition), FPNG (substance use prevention only), and a comparison condition (focusing on academic success) in 1494 parent-child dyads from 18 schools, randomized at the school level. Adolescents and parents will complete surveys pre- and post-intervention, and 16-weeks after program participation, regarding diet behaviors, substance use, and parenting practices. A random subsample of 126 dyads (42 from each program), will participate in additional data collection to assess the home food environment, detailed dietary intake (via two 24-h recalls), and provide biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk (blood pressure, total cholesterol and HbA1c). If successful, this study will provide evidence contributing to helping Latinx parents assist their adolescent children develop and maintain long-lasting positive lifestyle behaviors in order to prevent concurrent substance use and diet-related chronic diseases.
Sonia Vega-López; Flavio F. Marsiglia; Stephanie Ayers; Lela Rankin Williams; Meg Bruening; Anaid Gonzalvez; Beatriz Vega-Luna; Alex Perilla; Mary Harthun; Gabriel Q. Shaibi; Freddy Delgado; Christian Rosario; Leopoldo Hartmann. Methods and rationale to assess the efficacy of a parenting intervention targeting diet improvement and substance use prevention among Latinx adolescents. Contemporary Clinical Trials 2020, 89, 105914 .
AMA StyleSonia Vega-López, Flavio F. Marsiglia, Stephanie Ayers, Lela Rankin Williams, Meg Bruening, Anaid Gonzalvez, Beatriz Vega-Luna, Alex Perilla, Mary Harthun, Gabriel Q. Shaibi, Freddy Delgado, Christian Rosario, Leopoldo Hartmann. Methods and rationale to assess the efficacy of a parenting intervention targeting diet improvement and substance use prevention among Latinx adolescents. Contemporary Clinical Trials. 2020; 89 ():105914.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSonia Vega-López; Flavio F. Marsiglia; Stephanie Ayers; Lela Rankin Williams; Meg Bruening; Anaid Gonzalvez; Beatriz Vega-Luna; Alex Perilla; Mary Harthun; Gabriel Q. Shaibi; Freddy Delgado; Christian Rosario; Leopoldo Hartmann. 2020. "Methods and rationale to assess the efficacy of a parenting intervention targeting diet improvement and substance use prevention among Latinx adolescents." Contemporary Clinical Trials 89, no. : 105914.
To examine if first-year roommates made similar meal plan decisions. Residence information for 1186 first-year students (N = 593 roommate pairs) and 559 floormates was obtained for the 2015–2016 academic year. Linear generalized estimating equations (GEEs) were used to examine if the number of meals students used over the semester was higher if their roommate used their meal plan more frequently. A logistic GEE examined joint meal plan usage between students and roommates for each month of the semester. To determine if residence, rather than roommate, explained the results, a simulation was conducted by randomly assigning the floormates to a same-sex roommate. The number of meals students used in spring was higher if the students’ roommate had used more meals in spring, even after controlling for the number of meals students used in fall (Female: β = 0.07, 99% CI = 0.00, 0.13; Male: β = 0.10, 99% CI = 0.02, 0.18). Students were more likely to use a meal with their roommate if they were on the same meal plan (Female: OR = 1.61, 99% CI = 1.27, 2.04; Male: OR = 1.57, 99% CI = 1.09, 2.25), and less likely after the first month of being roommates (Female: OR = 0.57–0.25; Male: OR = 0.50–0.22; p < 0.001). The simulation analysis indicated these findings were not due to shared residence. Students' meal plan choices were associated with their roommates' meal plan choices. Roommates' joint meal plan usage was highest at the start of the year. Strategic roommate pairings may result in students using their meal plan more. Further research should determine the extent of roommate influence on students’ diet.
Irene van Woerden; David R. Schaefer; Daniel Hruschka; Sonia Vega-Lopez; Marc Adams; Meg Bruening. Similarity in meal plan use among first-year roommates. Appetite 2019, 144, 104482 -104482.
AMA StyleIrene van Woerden, David R. Schaefer, Daniel Hruschka, Sonia Vega-Lopez, Marc Adams, Meg Bruening. Similarity in meal plan use among first-year roommates. Appetite. 2019; 144 ():104482-104482.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIrene van Woerden; David R. Schaefer; Daniel Hruschka; Sonia Vega-Lopez; Marc Adams; Meg Bruening. 2019. "Similarity in meal plan use among first-year roommates." Appetite 144, no. : 104482-104482.
Some researchers have proposed the prevalence of food insecurity among college students is high due to students' meal plans providing insufficient meals. The association between college students' food security status and their meal plans have not yet been examined. In this study, United States (US) first year college students (N = 534) self-reported their food security status in the Fall 2015 and/or Spring 2016 semester(s). Objective measures of students' meal plans were obtained from the university. Logistic generalized estimating equations (GEEs) were used to determine if students' meal plan, and meal plan use, predicted food insecurity. Linear GEEs were used to examine several potential reasons for lower meal plan use. We found that students did not use all of their available meals. Compared to students on the most expensive (unlimited) meal plan, students on the cheapest (8 meals/week) meal plan were the most likely to report food insecurity (OR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.2, 4.1). However, in the Fall semester, 26% of students on unlimited meal plans also reported food insecurity. For students on the 180 meals/semester meal plan, food insecurity was associated with using fewer meals (OR = 0.9, 95% CI = 0.8, 1.0). Students who worked tended to use their meal plan less (β = -1.3, 95% CI = -2.3, -0.3). Students are reporting food insecurity while having meals left in their meal plan.
Irene Van Woerden; Daniel Hruschka; Sonia Vega-Lόpez; David R. Schaefer; Marc Adams; Meg Bruening. Food Insecure College Students and Objective Measurements of Their Unused Meal Plans. Nutrients 2019, 11, 904 .
AMA StyleIrene Van Woerden, Daniel Hruschka, Sonia Vega-Lόpez, David R. Schaefer, Marc Adams, Meg Bruening. Food Insecure College Students and Objective Measurements of Their Unused Meal Plans. Nutrients. 2019; 11 (4):904.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIrene Van Woerden; Daniel Hruschka; Sonia Vega-Lόpez; David R. Schaefer; Marc Adams; Meg Bruening. 2019. "Food Insecure College Students and Objective Measurements of Their Unused Meal Plans." Nutrients 11, no. 4: 904.
Smart Walk represents a culturally relevant, theory-based approach to promote PA and reduce cardiometabolic disease risk in AA women.
Rodney P. Joseph; Barbara E. Ainsworth; Sonia Vega-López; Marc A. Adams; Kevin Hollingshead; Steven P. Hooker; Michael Todd; Glenn A. Gaesser; Colleen Keller. Rationale and design of Smart Walk: A randomized controlled pilot trial of a smartphone-delivered physical activity and cardiometabolic risk reduction intervention for African American women. Contemporary Clinical Trials 2019, 77, 46 -60.
AMA StyleRodney P. Joseph, Barbara E. Ainsworth, Sonia Vega-López, Marc A. Adams, Kevin Hollingshead, Steven P. Hooker, Michael Todd, Glenn A. Gaesser, Colleen Keller. Rationale and design of Smart Walk: A randomized controlled pilot trial of a smartphone-delivered physical activity and cardiometabolic risk reduction intervention for African American women. Contemporary Clinical Trials. 2019; 77 ():46-60.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRodney P. Joseph; Barbara E. Ainsworth; Sonia Vega-López; Marc A. Adams; Kevin Hollingshead; Steven P. Hooker; Michael Todd; Glenn A. Gaesser; Colleen Keller. 2019. "Rationale and design of Smart Walk: A randomized controlled pilot trial of a smartphone-delivered physical activity and cardiometabolic risk reduction intervention for African American women." Contemporary Clinical Trials 77, no. : 46-60.
ObjectiveObesity and hyperglycaemia contribute to the atherosclerotic process in part through oxidative modifications to lipoprotein particles. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of a lifestyle intervention on markers of oxidized lipoproteins in obese Latino adolescents with prediabetes.DesignPre–post design.SettingParticipants were enrolled into a 12-week lifestyle intervention. Measurements pre- and post-intervention included anthropometrics and body composition, lipid panel, oxidized LDL (oxLDL), oxidized HDL (oxHDL), intake of fresh fruits and vegetables, and cardiorespiratory fitness.ParticipantsThirty-five obese Latino adolescents (seventeen females, eighteen males; mean age 15·5 (sd1·0) years; mean BMI percentile 98·5 (sd1·2)) with prediabetes.ResultsIntervention participation resulted in significant reductions in weight (−1·2 %,P= 0·042), BMI and BMI percentile (−2·0 and −0·4 %, respectively,P< 0·001), body fat (−7·0 %,P= 0·025), TAG (−11·8 %,P= 0·032), total cholesterol (−5·0 %,P= 0·002), VLDL-cholesterol (−12·5 %,P= 0·029), and non-HDL-cholesterol (−6·7 %,P= 0·007). Additionally, fitness (6·4 %,P< 0·001) and intake of fruits and vegetables (42·4 %,P= 0·025) increased significantly. OxLDL decreased significantly after the intervention (51·0 (sd14·0)v. 48·7 (sd12·8) U/l,P= 0·022), while oxHDL trended towards a significant increase (395·2 (sd94·6)v. 416·1 (sd98·4) ng/ml,P= 0·056).ConclusionsThese data support the utility of lifestyle intervention to improve the atherogenic phenotype of Latino adolescents who are at high risk for developing premature CVD and type 2 diabetes.
Ana Rentería-Mexía; Sonia Vega-López; Micah L Olson; Pamela D Swan; Chong D Lee; Allison N Williams; Gabriel Q Shaibi. Effects of a lifestyle intervention on markers of cardiometabolic risk and oxidized lipoproteins among obese adolescents with prediabetes. Public Health Nutrition 2018, 22, 706 -713.
AMA StyleAna Rentería-Mexía, Sonia Vega-López, Micah L Olson, Pamela D Swan, Chong D Lee, Allison N Williams, Gabriel Q Shaibi. Effects of a lifestyle intervention on markers of cardiometabolic risk and oxidized lipoproteins among obese adolescents with prediabetes. Public Health Nutrition. 2018; 22 (4):706-713.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Rentería-Mexía; Sonia Vega-López; Micah L Olson; Pamela D Swan; Chong D Lee; Allison N Williams; Gabriel Q Shaibi. 2018. "Effects of a lifestyle intervention on markers of cardiometabolic risk and oxidized lipoproteins among obese adolescents with prediabetes." Public Health Nutrition 22, no. 4: 706-713.
Despite initial enthusiasm, the relationship between glycemic index (GI) and glycemic response (GR) and disease prevention remains unclear. This review examines evidence from randomized, controlled trials and observational studies in humans for short-term (e.g., satiety) and long-term (e.g., weight, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes) health effects associated with different types of GI diets. A systematic PubMed search was conducted of studies published between 2006 and 2018 with key words glycemic index, glycemic load, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, body weight, satiety, and obesity. Criteria for inclusion for observational studies and randomized intervention studies were set. The search yielded 445 articles, of which 73 met inclusion criteria. Results suggest an equivocal relationship between GI/GR and disease outcome. The strongest intervention studies typically find little relationship among GI/GR and physiological measures of disease risk. Even for observational studies, the relationship between GI/GR and disease outcomes is limited. Thus, it is unlikely that the GI of a food or diet is linked to disease risk or health outcomes. Other measures of dietary quality, such as fiber or whole grains may be more likely to predict health outcomes. Interest in food patterns as predictors of health benefits may be more fruitful for research to inform dietary guidance.
Sonia Vega-López; Bernard J. Venn; JoAnne L. Slavin. Relevance of the Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load for Body Weight, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease. Nutrients 2018, 10, 1361 .
AMA StyleSonia Vega-López, Bernard J. Venn, JoAnne L. Slavin. Relevance of the Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load for Body Weight, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease. Nutrients. 2018; 10 (10):1361.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSonia Vega-López; Bernard J. Venn; JoAnne L. Slavin. 2018. "Relevance of the Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load for Body Weight, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease." Nutrients 10, no. 10: 1361.
Background: The association between acculturation and physical activity (PA) among Mexican American (MA) adults is not understood. This study assessed potential mediating factors that may explain these associations among 75 healthy MA adults [age: 37.5 (9.3) y; 65.3% female]. Methods: Secondary data analysis using hierarchical logistic regression examined whether perceived environmental barriers, social support, and intention to exercise potentially mediated relationships between acculturation level, and total and leisure-time moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA). Data were collected via questionnaire. Results: Most participants (67%) reported lower average household monthly incomes ($0–$3000), completed some college or obtained a college degree (64.4%), and were first generation immigrants (59%). Acculturation was associated with greater odds of engaging in total MVPA [odds ratio (OR) = 1.7; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.2–2.4] and leisure-time MVPA (OR = 1.6; 95% CI, 1.1–1.2). Perceived environmental barriers were associated with greater odds of engaging in both total and leisure-time MVPA (OR = 4.3; 95% CI, 2.1–5.8 and OR = 5.5; 95% CI, 2.0–7.0, respectively), and social support was associated with greater odds for total MVPA (OR = 3.7; 95% CI, 1.1–6.4). Conclusions: Results provide preliminary evidence for mediating factors that may explain the relationship between acculturation level and PA among MA adults. Contradicting prior evidence, results suggest that PA engagement, despite perceived environmental barriers, is possible among MA adults having stronger social support.
Carla L. Dellaserra; Noe C. Crespo; Michael Todd; Jennifer Huberty; Sonia Vega-López. Perceived Environmental Barriers and Behavioral Factors as Possible Mediators Between Acculturation and Leisure-Time Physical Activity Among Mexican American Adults. Journal of Physical Activity and Health 2018, 15, 683 -691.
AMA StyleCarla L. Dellaserra, Noe C. Crespo, Michael Todd, Jennifer Huberty, Sonia Vega-López. Perceived Environmental Barriers and Behavioral Factors as Possible Mediators Between Acculturation and Leisure-Time Physical Activity Among Mexican American Adults. Journal of Physical Activity and Health. 2018; 15 (9):683-691.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarla L. Dellaserra; Noe C. Crespo; Michael Todd; Jennifer Huberty; Sonia Vega-López. 2018. "Perceived Environmental Barriers and Behavioral Factors as Possible Mediators Between Acculturation and Leisure-Time Physical Activity Among Mexican American Adults." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 15, no. 9: 683-691.
Jacob Szeszulski; Sonia Vega-López; Noe C. Crespo. Children’s Cardiovascular Fitness, Rather Than Weight Status, Is Associated With Cardiovascular Disease Risk. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 2016, 48, 240 .
AMA StyleJacob Szeszulski, Sonia Vega-López, Noe C. Crespo. Children’s Cardiovascular Fitness, Rather Than Weight Status, Is Associated With Cardiovascular Disease Risk. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 2016; 48 ():240.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJacob Szeszulski; Sonia Vega-López; Noe C. Crespo. 2016. "Children’s Cardiovascular Fitness, Rather Than Weight Status, Is Associated With Cardiovascular Disease Risk." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 48, no. : 240.
Lifestyle behaviors across the 24-h spectrum (i.e., sleep, sedentary, and active behaviors) drive metabolic risk. We describe the development and process evaluation of BeWell24, a multicomponent smartphone application (or “app”) that targets behavior change in these interdependent behaviors. A community-embedded iterative design framework was used to develop the app. An 8-week multiphase optimization strategy design study was used to test the initial efficacy of the sleep, sedentary, and exercise components of the app. Process evaluation outcomes included objectively measured app usage statistics (e.g., minutes of usage, self-monitoring patterns), user experience interviews, and satisfaction ratings. Participants (N = 26) logged approximately 60 % of their sleep, sedentary, and exercise behaviors, which took 3–4 min/day to complete. Usage of the sleep and sedentary components peaked at week 2 and remained high throughout the intervention. Exercise component use was low. User experiences were mixed, and overall satisfaction was modest.
Matthew P. Buman; Dana R. Epstein; Monica Gutierrez; Christine Herb; Kevin Hollingshead; Jennifer L. Huberty; Eric B. Hekler; Sonia Vega-López; Punam Ohri-Vachaspati; Andrea C. Hekler; Carol M. Baldwin. BeWell24: development and process evaluation of a smartphone “app” to improve sleep, sedentary, and active behaviors in US Veterans with increased metabolic risk. Translational Behavioral Medicine 2015, 6, 438 -448.
AMA StyleMatthew P. Buman, Dana R. Epstein, Monica Gutierrez, Christine Herb, Kevin Hollingshead, Jennifer L. Huberty, Eric B. Hekler, Sonia Vega-López, Punam Ohri-Vachaspati, Andrea C. Hekler, Carol M. Baldwin. BeWell24: development and process evaluation of a smartphone “app” to improve sleep, sedentary, and active behaviors in US Veterans with increased metabolic risk. Translational Behavioral Medicine. 2015; 6 (3):438-448.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMatthew P. Buman; Dana R. Epstein; Monica Gutierrez; Christine Herb; Kevin Hollingshead; Jennifer L. Huberty; Eric B. Hekler; Sonia Vega-López; Punam Ohri-Vachaspati; Andrea C. Hekler; Carol M. Baldwin. 2015. "BeWell24: development and process evaluation of a smartphone “app” to improve sleep, sedentary, and active behaviors in US Veterans with increased metabolic risk." Translational Behavioral Medicine 6, no. 3: 438-448.
Despite their low cost and high nutrient density, the contribution of eggs to nutrient intake and dietary quality among Mexican-American postpartum women has not been evaluated. Nutrient intake and dietary quality, as assessed by the Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010), were measured in habitually sedentary overweight/obese (body mass index (BMI) = 29.7 ± 3.5 kg/m2) Mexican-American postpartum women (28 ± 6 years) and compared between egg consumers (n = 82; any egg intake reported in at least one of three 24-h dietary recalls) and non-consumers (n = 57). Egg consumers had greater intake of energy (+808 kJ (193 kcal) or 14%; p = 0.033), protein (+9 g or 17%; p = 0.031), total fat (+9 g or 19%; p = 0.039), monounsaturated fat (+4 g or 24%; p = 0.020), and several micronutrients than non-consumers. Regarding HEI-2010 scores, egg consumers had a greater total protein foods score than non-consumers (4.7 ± 0.7 vs. 4.3 ± 1.0; p = 0.004), and trends for greater total fruit (2.4 ± 1.8 vs. 1.9 ± 1.7; p = 0.070) and the total composite HEI-2010 score (56.4 ± 12.6 vs. 52.3 ± 14.4; p = 0.082). Findings suggest that egg intake could contribute to greater nutrient intake and improved dietary quality among postpartum Mexican-American women. Because of greater energy intake among egg consumers, recommendations for overweight/obese individuals should include avoiding excessive energy intake and incorporating eggs to a nutrient-dense, fiber-rich dietary pattern.
Sonia Vega-López; Giselle A. P. Pignotti; Michael Todd; Colleen Keller. Egg Intake and Dietary Quality among Overweight and Obese Mexican-American Postpartum Women. Nutrients 2015, 7, 8402 -8412.
AMA StyleSonia Vega-López, Giselle A. P. Pignotti, Michael Todd, Colleen Keller. Egg Intake and Dietary Quality among Overweight and Obese Mexican-American Postpartum Women. Nutrients. 2015; 7 (10):8402-8412.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSonia Vega-López; Giselle A. P. Pignotti; Michael Todd; Colleen Keller. 2015. "Egg Intake and Dietary Quality among Overweight and Obese Mexican-American Postpartum Women." Nutrients 7, no. 10: 8402-8412.
Background:The effects of moderate intensity walking on lipoprotein remodeling in postpartum Hispanic women are unknown.Methods:Sedentary postpartum Hispanic women (28.2 ± 5.6 y; BMI = 29.3 ± 3.3 kg/m2) participating in a social support physical activity (PA) intervention, were randomly assigned to a 12-month walking program (walkers; n = 22; target 150 min/wk, moderate intensity) or a control group (nonwalkers; n = 22). Fasting lipids and cholesterol distribution within low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles were measured at baseline (BL), 6 months, and 12 months.Results:Walkers had an 11% increase and nonwalkers a 7% decrease in HDL cholesterol from 6 to 12 months (P = .0367) without an effect on LDL cholesterol. Whereas nonwalkers had virtually no change in mean LDL particle size, walkers had a borderline reduction in LDL size from BL (268.7 ± 4.1 Å) to 6 months (266.9 ± 4.9 Å), followed by a significant increase in size by 12 months (269.7 ± 4.1 Å; P = .011). The proportion of cholesterol in large LDL particles decreased by 15% from BL to 6 months, but subsequently increased 25% by 12 months among walkers; changes among nonwalkers were smaller and in opposite direction (4% and –3%, respectively; P = .0004).Conclusions:Participation in the social-support PA intervention resulted in slightly increased HDL cholesterol concentrations and a modest and beneficial shift toward larger, less atherogenic LDL particles.
Sonia Vega-López; Giselle A.P. Pignotti; Colleen Keller; Michael Todd; Barbara Ainsworth; Allison Nagle Williams; Kathie Records; Dean Coonrod; Paska Permana. Participation in a Social-Support Physical Activity Intervention Modestly Improves Lipoprotein Cholesterol Distribution Among Postpartum Sedentary Hispanic Women. Journal of Physical Activity and Health 2015, 12, 1289 -1297.
AMA StyleSonia Vega-López, Giselle A.P. Pignotti, Colleen Keller, Michael Todd, Barbara Ainsworth, Allison Nagle Williams, Kathie Records, Dean Coonrod, Paska Permana. Participation in a Social-Support Physical Activity Intervention Modestly Improves Lipoprotein Cholesterol Distribution Among Postpartum Sedentary Hispanic Women. Journal of Physical Activity and Health. 2015; 12 (9):1289-1297.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSonia Vega-López; Giselle A.P. Pignotti; Colleen Keller; Michael Todd; Barbara Ainsworth; Allison Nagle Williams; Kathie Records; Dean Coonrod; Paska Permana. 2015. "Participation in a Social-Support Physical Activity Intervention Modestly Improves Lipoprotein Cholesterol Distribution Among Postpartum Sedentary Hispanic Women." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 12, no. 9: 1289-1297.