Following the closure of the mines and the crisis in agriculture, an alternative process of cultural and natural `heritagization' has been taking place in certain areas of Andalusia with a marked tourist focus. Productive spaces have been transformed into post-mining and post-agrarian landscapes. The aim of this article is to analyse representations and perceptions of surroundings in these contexts through the discourse of those who have experienced these changes most acutely: farmers and miners. This interpretation invites reflection regarding the concept of nature in the western world. Nature is one of our most genuine cultural creations, but we cannot ignore that, in addition to its discursive dimension, it also has a perceptive component. Hence, the analysis carried out here seeks to gain a more in-depth understanding of the perceptive frames through which nature acquires meaning and significance. The dual perceptive and discursive dimension of nature yields a more comprehensive understanding of how landscapes become spaces for resistance and identity.

The development of tourism in Peru has generated a new social phenomenon: the bricheros. This new term applies to Andean men who regularly seek to engage in sexual intercourse with foreign female tourists. In this paper, we examine the relationship between sex and tourism different case studies. We are particularly interested in studying the discourse dimension of bricherismo and its transformations in relation in both the tourist scene and the national context. Our analysis of the different meanings of sexual and affective relations between tourists and the local population will permit us to unveil the domination and subversion strategies brought into play in tourist contexts, which are usually in close connection with racial and gender issues.

In the last decades we have witnessed an important boost to research focusing on masculinities analysis. Far from being coincidental, this is due to two different reasons: A political one, related to the questioning of a society depicted exclusively in masculine terms; and a scientific other, related to the fact that, with femininity being questioned, Why should we not question masculinity? Both reasons have influenced the de-naturalization of a supposed universal masculinity and the proliferation of studies tending to reveal issues as: social ways of building men; power reproduction mechanisms engraved in bodies; unequal social models around the masculine issue, domination relationships between men and women, and between men themselves. This theoretical wondering around “the masculine” has been closely linked to social movements, specially feminisms and sexual liberation movements, which have played a central part in redefining women’s and men’s roles, and hence, in the quest of new alternatives to traditional models, also for men themselves. In the following pages we actually approach the notions of masculinity and masculinities, emphasizing their relational and changing character, as well as their different meanings. En las últimas décadas hemos asistido a un importante impulso en las investigaciones centradas en el análisis de las masculinidades. Este hecho no es casual y se debe fundamentalmente a dos razones. Una de carácter político, relacionada con el cuestionamiento de una sociedad representada exclusivamente en términos masculinos. Una segunda razón de carácter científico, ¿si la feminidad debía ser explicada por qué no la masculinidad? Ambas razones han incidido en la desnaturalización de una supuesta masculinidad de carácter universal y en la profusión de investigaciones tendentes a desvelar: las formas sociales de construir a los hombres, los mecanismos de reproducción del poder inscritos en los cuerpos, los desiguales modelos sociales en torno a lo masculino, las relaciones de dominación que se producen entre hombres y mujeres, y entre los propios hombres. Este cuestionamiento teórico de “lo masculino” ha estado muy vinculado al papel de los movimientos sociales y especialmente del feminismo y los movimientos de liberación sexual, que han jugado un papel central en la redefinición del papel de hombres y mujeres, y por tanto en la búsqueda de nuevas alternativas a los modelos tradicionales, también entre los propios hombres. En las páginas siguientes nos aproximaremos precisamente a la noción de masculinidad y masculinidades, incidiendo en su carácter relacional y cambiante, así como en sus distintas significaciones.

In Latin American colonial towns power has been represented as “white” and “male”. In this work we approach the transformations in the racial, class and gender representations in the city of Cuenca (Ecuador). This is done through the comparative analysis of Cuenca Queens and “Cholas cuencanas” contests choice, in a social setting marked by the claim of cultural mix.El poder en las ciudades coloniales latinoamericanas ha sido representado como “blanco” y “masculino”. Por medio de este texto nos aproximaremos a las transformaciones experimentadas en las representaciones raciales, de clase y género en la ciudad de Cuenca (Ecuador) a partir del análisis comparativo de la elección de las reinas y cholas cuencanas, en un contexto social marcado por la reivindicación del mestizaje cultural.http://www.scielo.cl/pdf/chungara/2016nahead/aop0816.pd