In order to enhance the real-time and retrieval performance of road traffic data filling, a real-time data filling and automatic retrieval algorithm based on the deep-learning method is proposed. In image detection, the depth representation is extracted according to the detection target area of a general object. The local invariant feature is extracted to describe local attributes in the region, and it is fused with depth representation to complete the real-time data filling of road traffic. According to the results of the database enhancement, the retrieval results of the deep representation level are reordered. In the index stage, unsupervised feature updating is realized by neighborhood information to improve the performance of a feature retrieval. The experimental results show that the proposed method has high recall and precision, a short retrieval time and a low running cost.