Vitamin D, a fat-soluble vitamin, acts in the calcium and phosphorus metabolism in its active form (1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D). It may help prevent and treat autoimmune diseases, including diabetes mellitus. Diabetes has become a significant global health issue with a rising incidence and prevalence. A recent focus has been on vitamin D supplementation as part of efforts to discover novel ways to prevent and treat diabetes. Most evidence points to the vitamin D receptors (VDRS) gene in both types of diabetes. The main objective of this study is to analyze how vitamin D affects both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. In this literature review, we searched the PubMed and Google Scholar databases to collect related articles from 13 papers of different study designs. We found a significant association between vitamin D deficiency and type 1 and type 2 diabetes development. It has been shown that vitamin D supplements have a promising effect in reducing glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in patients with type 1 diabetes, with no significant impact on the incidence or improvement of type 2 diabetes. Patients with diabetes and people at high risk of diabetes need the appropriate amount of vitamin D; therefore, regular testing and vitamin D supplementation are advised for the management and prevention of diabetes. Additional randomized studies with bigger sample sizes and longer-term trials are required to fully explore the benefits of vitamin D supplementation in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

(1) Background: There is increasing scholarly support for the notion that properly implemented and used, technology can be of substantial benefit for older adults. Use of technology has been associated with improved self-rating of health and fewer chronic conditions. Use of technology such as handheld devices by older adults has the potential to improve engagement and promote cognitive and physical health. However, although, literature suggests some willingness by older adults to use technology, simultaneously there are reports of a more cautious attitude to its adoption. Our objective was to determine the opinions towards information technologies, with special reference to brain health, in healthy older adults either fully retired or still working in some capacity including older adult workers and retired adults living in an independent elderly living community. We were especially interested in further our understanding of factors that may play a role in technology adoption and its relevance to addressing health related issues in this population; (2) Methods: Two focus groups were conducted in an inner-city community. Participants were older adults with an interest in their general health and prevention of cognitive decline. They were asked to discuss their perceptions of and preferences for the use of technology. Transcripts were coded for thematic analysis; (3) Results: Seven common themes emerged from the focus group interviews: physical health, cognitive health, social engagement, organizing information, desire to learn new technology, advancing technology, and privacy/security; and (4) Conclusions: This study suggests that in order to promote the use of technology in older adults, one needs to consider wider contextual issues, not only device design per se, but the older adult’s rationale for using technology and their socio-ecological context.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder that affects the gastrointestinal system with an annual increase in incidence and prevalence worldwide. While the precise cause behind IBD remains obscured, certain genetic susceptibilities, in addition to environmental factors, may trigger the stimulation of the immunoinflammatory system against the gastrointestinal system, eventually resulting in IBD. Furthermore, certain medications have been proposed to increase the risk of developing IBD, such as isotretinoin. IBD has been reported during the post-marketing phase of isotretinoin. Subsequently, IBD development was added as a potential gastrointestinal adverse effect of isotretinoin. This review article aims to evaluate the possible association between isotretinoin exposure and the development of inflammatory bowel disease. We enrolled 32 relevant studies, including case reports, case-control, and cohort studies. The results were critically analyzed and reviewed by independent authors to answer the research question and achieve the primary endpoint.

Background Elder abuse is globally recognized as an extensive and serious issue that requires immediate attention from health care systems, social welfare agencies, policymakers, and the general public. This matter is not well-known in the Arab world in the present literature. The purpose of this study was to investigate elder abuse in Yemen's community. Participants from Ibb governorate, Yemen, were surveyed about their awareness, attitudes, and sense of responsibility regarding elder abuse. Methodology: A study was conducted in the governorate of Ibb, Yemen, using cross-sectional methods. The participants were randomly selected (n = 289) and asked to respond to a questionnaire regarding elder abuse. Informed consents were obtained from all participants. Results Overall, 289 individuals participated in the study. The majority of participants (90%) disagreed that living situations (for example, older people living separately) would result in less violence. Ninety-five percent of them agreed that abuse occurs when an older person is subjected to certain behaviors, including shouting, insults, and ridicule. According to 95.2% of the respondents, they agreed that they are responsible for preventing elder abuse and neglect. Conclusion In this study, the majority of participants viewed elder abuse and neglect as a serious matter. The participants were highly aware of physical abuse, emotional abuse, financial abuse, and caregiver neglect. There were few participants who blamed older individuals for the abuse. The development of effective interventions can be achieved by exploring factors associated with elder abuse and using this knowledge to prevent elder abuse and neglect.

Background: The use of reminiscence therapy (RT) to prevent abnormal behaviors in patients with moderate dementia has been well‐established. It has many positive effects in the domains of quality of life, cognition, communication and mood. We are presenting a case where RT decreased abnormal behaviors.Method: Case: An 83‐year‐old man with moderate dementia immigrated to the US. He lives with his family who provided care. No alcohol, tobacco use or illicit drug use was reported. The patient was evaluated by a geriatrician. The patient scored 12/30 in Montreal Cognitive Assessment indicating moderate cognitive impairment. Laboratory tests were unremarkable except Vitamin B12 level (slightly low 181). He was started on Donepezil and Vitamin B. Since his arrival to the US, the patient intermittently displayed abnormal behaviors including agitation, sleep disturbance and mood changes. Family members utilized his personal stories, hobbies and interests for behavioral interventions. A soccer‐focused RT method was applied. Several Youtube videos containing old matches during the FIFA World Cup were used whenever abnormal behavior was triggered.Result: Family reports that the patient’s behaviors were relieved and interestingly improved using the soccer‐focused RT.Conclusion: This case report highlights the importance of a thorough evaluation of patients with dementia to include their life story and interests. In this case, behavioral modalities including RT were tried with considerable benefits. Technology‐based tools present a fertile land to explore regarding RT use in patients with moderate dementia. References:Bob Woods et al. Reminiscence therapy for dementia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev . 2018 Mar 1;3(3):CD001120. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD001120.pub3Laura Coll‐Planas et al. Developing Evidence for Football (Soccer) Reminiscence Interventions Within Long‐term Care: A Co‐operative Approach Applied in Scotland and Spain. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2017 Apr 1;18(4):355‐360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2017.01.013. Epub 2017 Mar 7. PMID: 28283380Teuntje R Elfrink et al. Life story books for people with dementia: a systematic review. Int Psychogeriatr . 2018 Dec;30(12):1797‐1811. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610218000376. Epub 2018 Jul 18. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30017005/TikTok Video: #artist #painter #father #daughter #dementia #beauty #life #memories https://www.tiktok.com/@reyssongs/video/7171555440759754027 accessed 1/23/22

The Anatolian Journal of Cardiology - Peer-reviewed cardiology journal publishing original research, reviews, case reports. Impact Factor 1.5. The Anatolian Journal of Cardiology - Leading international cardiology journal with Impact Factor 1.5. Publishing original research, reviews, and case reports in cardiovascular medicine. Indexed in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science.