Leisure is a context for both risk and protection of adolescent well-being. Using a person-centered analysis, the present study examined the links between after-school time use and the adjustment of an urban sample of 7th–12th graders (n = 3,808), who self-reported on their leisure activities, school achievement, problem behaviors, and happiness. Results indicated that time use patterns were distributed in five clusters: Creative/Social, Productive/Home, High-Social/Sports, Uninvolved/Sports, and Uninvolved/Home. These patterns of time use varied by age, gender and SES, and were linked with adolescent outcomes in a way that adolescents involved with multiple constructive activities presented better adjustment compared with their either uninvolved or socially oriented counterparts. Specific groups of adolescents were at higher risk for problem behaviors linked to after-school time use. These findings have relevant implications for evidence-based interventions and policies aiming at promoting adolescent well-being and targeting at-risk populations of youth.

Background: Social inclusion is a context for both risk and protective factors of migrant youth delinquency. This study aims to shed light on the issue by comparing delinquency amongst native, first-generation, and second-generation immigrant youths in Portugal, a country located in the south of Europe, an area where research in this field is still scarce.Methods: The research is based on the International Self-Reported Delinquency (ISRD-3) dataset, which includes information on over 4,000 adolescents, who self-reported on their socio-demographic status, leisure activities, school and neighbourhood environment, family bonds, and self-control.Results: Nested Logistic Regression analyses showed that a young first-generation immigrant is twice as likely to commit a crime, with or without violence, as a young native born in Portugal. However, no differences were found regarding the prevalence of delinquency amongst second-generation immigrants and natives, which is likely due to the integration and cultural assimilation of the immigrant over time. Regarding the analysed risk factors, it was found that both structural and individual factors, identified by the theories of control, stress, as well as situational action theory, have a direct effect on the commission of juvenile crimes (both non-violent and violent). Moreover, this effect is significant in adolescents living in Portugal in general, both immigrants and natives. The most influential variable for both types of delinquent behaviour, with and without violence, is peer delinquency, followed by low morality and self-control.Conclusion: These findings have relevant policy implications and are useful for evidence-based interventions aimed at promoting migrant adolescent well-being and targeting host countries’ performance.

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar los procesos de significación de la resiliencia en adolescentes que han pasado por los sistemas chilenos de bienestar infantil y de justicia adolescente, dado que son fundamentales para identificar los aspectos que puedan favorecer la adaptación e integración social. A partir de una investigación cualitativa, orientada y fundamentada desde un enfoque fenomenológico, se analizaron seis entrevistas semiestructuradas en profundidad con adolescentes con trayectorias en ambos sistemas. Los resultados destacan que la resiliencia personal de los adolescentes está vinculada a la apreciación que tienen de sí mismos y a los procesos de aprendizaje para el desarrollo de habilidades sociales y de regulación emocional. Por otro lado, la resiliencia social e institucional se caracteriza por la percepción que tienen los adolescentes sobre las mejoras en su calidad de vida y su capacidad de adaptación social. Ellos consideran que es esencial tener relaciones sólidas, confiables y duraderas con consejeros y educadores, y destacan el apoyo de las instituciones de intervención, tanto en el fortalecimiento de habilidades personales y relacionales, como en la conformación de un proyecto de vida prosocial y adaptativo. Los resultados demuestran la necesidad de incorporar procesos de resiliencia en el diseño de intervenciones en ámbitos de infancia vulnerada y adolescencia en situación de infracción de la ley. Estos procesos deberán formar parte de las políticas públicas en infancia y adolescencia en situación de vulnerabilidad.