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Cristina Castejón-Riber
Department of Specifics Didactics, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cordoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain

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Journal article
Published: 26 August 2021 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Recent studies have emphasized that regular exercise should be encouraged as a key part of care and support for people with Down syndrome (DS). However, muscle hypotonia has traditionally been considered a major barrier to resistance training (RT) in people with DS. The main objective of this study was to analyze the impact of circuit RT on markers of muscle damage. The secondary objective was to assess the influence of a RT program on body composition and work task performance. Thirty-six men with DS were recruited and randomly assigned to perform a circuit RT program with six stations 3 days/week for 12 weeks (n = 18) or to a control group (n = 18). Body composition was assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Serum markers of muscle damage (creatine kinase, myoglobin, and lactate dehydrogenase) were determined at baseline and at the end of training weeks 1, 6, and 12. Work task performance was assessed using the weighted pail-carry test. RT did not induce significant changes in markers of muscle damage during the intervention. Furthermore, muscle mass and work task performance were significantly improved in the exercise group. These findings suggest that circuit RT can be used safely to increase muscle mass and work task performance in young adults with DS. Muscle hypotonia should not be considered a major barrier to exercise in people with DS, provided that qualified staff design and supervise all training sessions.

ACS Style

Antonio J. Diaz; Ignacio Rosety; Francisco J. Ordonez; Francisco Brenes; Natalia Garcia-Gomez; Cristina Castejon-Riber; Manuel Rosety-Rodriguez; Marco Bernardi; Jose Ramon Alvero-Cruz; Miguel A. Rosety. Effects of Resistance Training in Muscle Mass and Markers of Muscle Damage in Adults with Down Syndrome. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 8996 .

AMA Style

Antonio J. Diaz, Ignacio Rosety, Francisco J. Ordonez, Francisco Brenes, Natalia Garcia-Gomez, Cristina Castejon-Riber, Manuel Rosety-Rodriguez, Marco Bernardi, Jose Ramon Alvero-Cruz, Miguel A. Rosety. Effects of Resistance Training in Muscle Mass and Markers of Muscle Damage in Adults with Down Syndrome. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (17):8996.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Antonio J. Diaz; Ignacio Rosety; Francisco J. Ordonez; Francisco Brenes; Natalia Garcia-Gomez; Cristina Castejon-Riber; Manuel Rosety-Rodriguez; Marco Bernardi; Jose Ramon Alvero-Cruz; Miguel A. Rosety. 2021. "Effects of Resistance Training in Muscle Mass and Markers of Muscle Damage in Adults with Down Syndrome." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 17: 8996.

Journal article
Published: 26 August 2021 in Sustainability
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The main purpose of this study is to present objective data on the differences in anthropometrics and fitness variables between adult athletes and non-athletes with Down Syndrome (DS) members of the “Down Cordoba Association” (DCA), after adjusting for confounders. Twenty-seven adults, 7 athletes and 20 non-athletes with DS, participated in this study. Health-related fitness variables were measured with tests validated for this population. First, the characteristics of the subjects according to sex and sports practice are presented. Athletes present significantly higher values for height (p = 0.010) and waist-to-hip ratio (p = 0.005). Furthermore, male athletes compared to male non-athletes have lower values in % of body fat (p = 0.030), and in waist (p = 0.031) and hip (p = 0.041) circumferences. Furthermore, athletes have better values in tests of strength, cardiovascular endurance (66.60 ± 47.66 vs. 32.31 ± 24.49 (s); p = 0.037), and agility, but not in flexibility. Significant differences were only found in cardiovascular endurance. As a conclusion, the practice of sports among the users of the “Down Córdoba Association” in general leads to better health-related fitness values. Therefore, we encourage the guardians of people with DS in this association to motivate them to practice sports because this practice will more likely improve their overall health.

ACS Style

Cristina Castejón-Riber; Francisco Requena; Juan De Dios Benítez-Sillero; Rocío Camacho. Differences in Health-Related Fitness Variables between Adult Athletes and Non-Athletes with Down Syndrome: A Descriptive Study. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9618 .

AMA Style

Cristina Castejón-Riber, Francisco Requena, Juan De Dios Benítez-Sillero, Rocío Camacho. Differences in Health-Related Fitness Variables between Adult Athletes and Non-Athletes with Down Syndrome: A Descriptive Study. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (17):9618.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristina Castejón-Riber; Francisco Requena; Juan De Dios Benítez-Sillero; Rocío Camacho. 2021. "Differences in Health-Related Fitness Variables between Adult Athletes and Non-Athletes with Down Syndrome: A Descriptive Study." Sustainability 13, no. 17: 9618.

Journal article
Published: 12 February 2021 in Brain Sciences
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The hypothesis posed was whether being part of a football/soccer team influenced the quality of life (QL) of the people who participated in it since their perception of themselves is enhanced by factors, such as self-determination, social inclusion, emotional well-being, physical well-being, material well-being, rights, personal development, and internal relationships. The objective was to evaluate the QL of people with Down Syndrome (DS) using their self-perception (n = 39) and the perception of the informants (family members, teachers) (n = 39). The KidsLife-Down Scale, with a few modifications, was used. In general, differences of opinion between the subgroups of participants with DS and informants showed that results were higher in terms of perception for participants in the DS subgroup. Scores for all variables were higher for those participants with DS who said they did engage in practicing competitive football/soccer. Although the perception of informants provides a great deal of information regarding the QL of participants with DS, participants with DS should also be involved in the evaluation process and their self-perceptions taken into account. It is not participating in a football team that causes the conclusions of the study, but training (which includes the friendly matches that are played), the cause correlated with the improvements detected in the athlete’s DS.

ACS Style

Rocío Camacho; Cristina Castejón-Riber; Francisco Requena; Julio Camacho; Begoña Escribano; Arturo Gallego; Roberto Espejo; Amaranta De Miguel-Rubio; Estrella Agüera. Quality of Life: Changes in Self-Perception in People with down Syndrome as a Result of Being Part of a Football/Soccer Team. Self-Reports and External Reports. Brain Sciences 2021, 11, 226 .

AMA Style

Rocío Camacho, Cristina Castejón-Riber, Francisco Requena, Julio Camacho, Begoña Escribano, Arturo Gallego, Roberto Espejo, Amaranta De Miguel-Rubio, Estrella Agüera. Quality of Life: Changes in Self-Perception in People with down Syndrome as a Result of Being Part of a Football/Soccer Team. Self-Reports and External Reports. Brain Sciences. 2021; 11 (2):226.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rocío Camacho; Cristina Castejón-Riber; Francisco Requena; Julio Camacho; Begoña Escribano; Arturo Gallego; Roberto Espejo; Amaranta De Miguel-Rubio; Estrella Agüera. 2021. "Quality of Life: Changes in Self-Perception in People with down Syndrome as a Result of Being Part of a Football/Soccer Team. Self-Reports and External Reports." Brain Sciences 11, no. 2: 226.

Preprint
Published: 18 December 2020
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The hypothesis posed was whether participation in LaLiga Genuine Santander (competitive football) influenced the quality of life (QL) of the people who participated in it, since their perception of themselves is enhanced by all the aformentioned factors (self-determination, social inclusion, emotional well-being, physical well-being, material well-being, rights, personal development, interpersonal relationships). The objective was to evaluate the QL of people with Down's Syndrome (DS) using their self-perception (n=39) and the perception of the informants (family members, teachers) (n=39). The KidsLife-Down Scale, with a few modifications was used. In general, differences of opinion between the subgroups of participants with DS and informants showed that results were higher in terms of perception for participants in the DS subgroup. Scores for all variables were higher for those participants with DS who said they did engage in practicing competitive football. Despite the perception of informants provides a great deal of information regarding the QL of participants with DS, the latter should be involved in the evaluation process and their self perceptions taken into account. Our research shows that participation in the league modifies the perceptions of the participants with Down's Syndrome regarding their quality of life. However, these perceptions are not shared by the informants.

ACS Style

Rocío Camacho; Cristina Castejón-Riber; Francisco Requena; Julio Camacho; Arturo Gallego; Roberto Espejo; Amaranta De Miguel-Rubio; Begoña M. Escribano; Estrella I. Agüera. Quality of Life: Changes in Self Perception in People with DS who Participate in Laliga Genuine Santander. Self Reports and External Reports. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Rocío Camacho, Cristina Castejón-Riber, Francisco Requena, Julio Camacho, Arturo Gallego, Roberto Espejo, Amaranta De Miguel-Rubio, Begoña M. Escribano, Estrella I. Agüera. Quality of Life: Changes in Self Perception in People with DS who Participate in Laliga Genuine Santander. Self Reports and External Reports. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rocío Camacho; Cristina Castejón-Riber; Francisco Requena; Julio Camacho; Arturo Gallego; Roberto Espejo; Amaranta De Miguel-Rubio; Begoña M. Escribano; Estrella I. Agüera. 2020. "Quality of Life: Changes in Self Perception in People with DS who Participate in Laliga Genuine Santander. Self Reports and External Reports." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 03 February 2020 in Animals
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Anecdotal comments of some trainers suggest that exercise on a water treadmill (WT), due to the greater difficulty of movement in water compared to air, increases muscularization and sports performance. Therefore, we studied accelerometric changes in six horses exercised for 40 min on a WT, comparing four situations: without water (DT) and with water at the depth of fetlock (FET), carpus (CAR), at 6 km/h and at the depth of the stifle (STF) at 5 km/h. Another five horses performed the same sessions, but all of them at 5 km/h. We observed that total power (TP) increased from depth DT to FET and CAR, without additional increases at STF depth when the velocity was the same at all depths. However, when the velocity was reduced to 5 km/h, TP decreased at the STF depth. Significant increases in dorsoventral power and dorsoventral displacement (movement of the center of gravity in up-down direction) increased with water depth and velocity. In conclusion, TP during an exercise session on a WT depends on both velocity and water depth, and this power is mainly directed towards the dorsoventral axis. These results should be taken into account when designing a training or rehabilitation plan. Horse trainers often claim that exercise on a water treadmill (WT) leads to a greater muscle power and development compared to terrestrial locomotion, because of the greater viscosity of water compared to air. This research assesses locomotor changes measured with accelerometers fixed in the pectoral region and in the sacrum midline in six horses subjected to exercise sessions of 40 min duration on a WT without water (DT), and with water at the depth of fetlock (FET) and carpus (CAR) with velocities of 6 km/h and at the depth of stifle (STF) at 5 km/h. Another five horses performed the same exercise sessions but always with a velocity of 5 km/h. Total power increased from DT to FET and CAR, without significant differences between CAR and STF depths when the velocity was the same. However, a significant decrease was found when the velocity was reduced. The greater total power with water was distributed mainly to the dorsoventral axis, with significant increases in dorsoventral displacement and dorsoventral power. Both parameters were significantly affected by velocity and water depth. In conclusion, total and dorsoventral powers increased with velocity and water depth, leading to reduction in longitudinal and mediolateral power, during exercise on a WT.

ACS Style

Aritz Saitua; Mireya Becero; David Argüelles; Cristina Castejón-Riber; Antonia Sánchez De Medina; Katy Satué; Ana Muñoz. Combined Effects of Water Depth and Velocity on the Accelerometric Parameters Measured in Horses Exercised on a Water Treadmill. Animals 2020, 10, 236 .

AMA Style

Aritz Saitua, Mireya Becero, David Argüelles, Cristina Castejón-Riber, Antonia Sánchez De Medina, Katy Satué, Ana Muñoz. Combined Effects of Water Depth and Velocity on the Accelerometric Parameters Measured in Horses Exercised on a Water Treadmill. Animals. 2020; 10 (2):236.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aritz Saitua; Mireya Becero; David Argüelles; Cristina Castejón-Riber; Antonia Sánchez De Medina; Katy Satué; Ana Muñoz. 2020. "Combined Effects of Water Depth and Velocity on the Accelerometric Parameters Measured in Horses Exercised on a Water Treadmill." Animals 10, no. 2: 236.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2019 in Journal of Veterinary Research
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In recent years, exercise on a water treadmill has come to have great relevance in rehabilitation and training centres for sport horses. Its use exploits certain physical properties of water, related to the fundamental principles of hydrodynamics, such as buoyancy, viscosity, hydrostatic pressure, and water temperature. These properties together with deliberate specification of the depth of the water and the velocity of the treadmill provide a combination of parameters that can be varied according to the purpose of the rehabilitation or training programme, the disease to rehabilitate, or the healing phase. In the current article, kinematic adaptations to exercise on a water treadmill and the direct application of such exercise to the rehabilitation of superficial and deep digital flexor tendon and accessory ligament injuries and back and joint diseases are described.

ACS Style

Ana Muñoz; Aritz Saitua; Mireya Becero; Cristina Castejon-Riber; Katy Satué; Antonia Sánchez de Medina; David Argüelles. The use of the water treadmill for the rehabilitation of musculoskeletal injuries in the sport horse. Journal of Veterinary Research 2019, 63, 439 -445.

AMA Style

Ana Muñoz, Aritz Saitua, Mireya Becero, Cristina Castejon-Riber, Katy Satué, Antonia Sánchez de Medina, David Argüelles. The use of the water treadmill for the rehabilitation of musculoskeletal injuries in the sport horse. Journal of Veterinary Research. 2019; 63 (3):439-445.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ana Muñoz; Aritz Saitua; Mireya Becero; Cristina Castejon-Riber; Katy Satué; Antonia Sánchez de Medina; David Argüelles. 2019. "The use of the water treadmill for the rehabilitation of musculoskeletal injuries in the sport horse." Journal of Veterinary Research 63, no. 3: 439-445.

Original article
Published: 03 July 2019 in Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition
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Simulated hypoxic normobaric devices have been used in human beings in order to enhance endurance capacity. These devices are sealed chambers where the athletes are supposed to stay for at least 6-8 hr daily. The current research assesses the changes in time-domain, spectral and non-geometrical heart rate variability (HRV) parameters in 6 horses subjected to progressive duration periods inside of a hermetically sealed chamber. It was pursued, firstly to evaluate the intensity of the stress experienced by the animals and secondly to elucidate whether the horses might require an acclimation period before implementation of hypoxic conditions. HRV parameters were monitored for 6 days: day 0 (6-hr duration; in paddocks; basal conditions), and days 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 (1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 hr inside the chamber every day respectively). During day 1 and during the first hours of days 2 and 3, compared to day 0, horses presented increased HR and SDHR values and decreased RR interval duration. SD1 values decreased on some hours of days 2 and 3, but differences with day 0 were not found on day 1. Increased SDNN, RMSSD, SD1 and SD2 values were observed on days 4 and 5. These results showed an activation of the sympathetic activity together with an attenuation of the parasympathetic activity during the days 1 to 3. Increased parasympathetic activity was found only during the first hours of days 4 and 5. Spectral parameters experienced minor variations, with increased LFpeak and LF% during some hours of days 4 and 5. In conclusion, at least 3 days are needed to adapt the horse to a sealed environment before starting to subject the animals to hypoxic conditions. When the horses were acclimatized, however, a minor stress was detected with they spent more than 4 hr inside of the chamber.

ACS Style

Ana Muñoz; Cristina Castejon-Riber; Francisco Castejón; Dolores M. Rubio; Cristina Riber. Heart rate variability parameters as markers of the adaptation to a sealed environment (a hypoxic normobaric chamber) in the horse. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 2019, 103, 1538 -1545.

AMA Style

Ana Muñoz, Cristina Castejon-Riber, Francisco Castejón, Dolores M. Rubio, Cristina Riber. Heart rate variability parameters as markers of the adaptation to a sealed environment (a hypoxic normobaric chamber) in the horse. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition. 2019; 103 (5):1538-1545.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ana Muñoz; Cristina Castejon-Riber; Francisco Castejón; Dolores M. Rubio; Cristina Riber. 2019. "Heart rate variability parameters as markers of the adaptation to a sealed environment (a hypoxic normobaric chamber) in the horse." Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 103, no. 5: 1538-1545.

Journal article
Published: 17 December 2018 in Science & Sports
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Fitness in adolescence is closely related to health even in adulthood. Fitness can be improved with the practice of physical activity however other factors cannot be modified as in the case of birth weight or breastfeeding. In this study we measured fitness of 233 students 14.76 (± 0.84) years through tests of the Eurofit battery such as 20 meter shuttle run test, horizontal jump, sit and reach, sit up 30 seconds, handgrip strength agility (4 × 10) and anthropometric data. Furthermore, we asked the birth weight and breastfeeding time. The results showed no significant differences in terms of breastfeeding, there were only differences in the boys in the sit up test (breastfeeding was related with better scores) and girls in flexibility (breastfeeding was related with lowers scores). Regarding the boys birth weight, a positive relationship was found between the anthropometric data and the dynamometry test; and the weight at birth. In girls, however, differences were found in several physical fitness tests with positive relationships in the aerobic endurance, hand grip strenght, sit up and horizontal jump tests. In conclusion birth weight was related with better fitness scores in girls. Additionally, for boys we found relationship with anthropometric variables. On the other hand, the time of breast milk intake did not seem to show a clear association with any of these variables. La forme physique durant l’adolescence est intimement liée à la santé, et ce même durant l’âge adulte. La forme physique peut être améliorée grâce à la pratique d’une activité physique. Cependant, d’autres facteurs ne peuvent pas être modifiés, comme c’est le cas pour le poids de naissance ou l’allaitement au sein. Lors de cette étude, nous avons mesuré la forme physique de 233 collégiens de 14,76 (± 0,84) ans à travers des essais issus de la batterie de tests Eurofit: le test de course navette sur 20 mètres, le saut à l’horizontale, le sit and reach (flexions du tronc), les redressements sur 30 secondes, l’agilité et la force de poigne (4 × 10) ainsi que des données anthropométriques. D’autre part, nous avons demandé le poids de naissance et la durée de l’allaitement au sein. Les résultats démontrent qu’il n’y a pas de différences significatives en ce qui concerne l’allaitement au sein, mais qu’il existe seulement des différences chez les garçons durant le test de sit up (l’allaitement au sein est lié à de meilleurs résultats) et chez les filles durant le test de souplesse (l’allaitement est lié à de moins bons résultats). En ce qui concerne le poids des garçons, un rapport positif a été démontré entre les données anthropométriques et le test de dynamométrie, et le poids de naissance. Cependant, chez les filles, nous avons pu trouver des différences parmi plusieurs tests de forme physique avec les rapports positifs dans les tests d’endurance aérobie, la force de poigne, le sit up et le...

ACS Style

D. Corredor-Corredor; C. Castejon-Riber; A. Martínez-Amat; J.D. Benítez-Sillero. Relationship between fitness, birth weight and breastfeeding in adolescents of a rural village in Spain. Science & Sports 2018, 34, 228 -235.

AMA Style

D. Corredor-Corredor, C. Castejon-Riber, A. Martínez-Amat, J.D. Benítez-Sillero. Relationship between fitness, birth weight and breastfeeding in adolescents of a rural village in Spain. Science & Sports. 2018; 34 (4):228-235.

Chicago/Turabian Style

D. Corredor-Corredor; C. Castejon-Riber; A. Martínez-Amat; J.D. Benítez-Sillero. 2018. "Relationship between fitness, birth weight and breastfeeding in adolescents of a rural village in Spain." Science & Sports 34, no. 4: 228-235.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2017 in Research in Veterinary Science
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Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) properties of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) benazeprilat have not been evaluated in horses. This study was designed to establish PK profiles for benazepril and benazeprilat after intravenous (IV) and oral (PO) administration of benazepril using a PK/PD model. This study also aims to determine the effects of benazeprilat on serum angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), selecting the most appropriate dose that suppresses ACE activity. Six healthy horses in a crossover design received IV benazepril at 0.50mg/kg and PO at doses 0 (placebo), 0.25, 0.50 and 1.00mg/kg. Blood pressures (BP) were measured and blood samples were obtained at different times in order to measure serum drug concentrations and serum ACE activity, using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and spectrophotometry, respectively. Systemic bioavailability of benazeprilat after PO benazepril was 3-4%. Maximum ACE inhibitions from baseline were 99.63% (IV benazepril), 6.77% (placebo) and 78.91%, 85.74% and 89.51% (for the three PO benazepril doses). Significant differences in BP were not found. Although oral availability was low, benazeprilat 1.00mg/kg, reached sufficient serum concentrations to induce long lasting serum ACE inhibitions (between 88 and 50%) for the first 48h. Additional research on benazepril administration in equine patients is indicated.

ACS Style

Juan Manuel Serrano-Rodríguez; Manuel Gómez-Díez; María Esgueva; Cristina Castejón-Riber; Antonio Mena-Bravo; Feliciano Priego-Capote; Nahúm Ayala; Juan Manuel Serrano Caballero; Ana Muñoz. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling of benazepril and benazeprilat after administration of intravenous and oral doses of benazepril in healthy horses. Research in Veterinary Science 2017, 114, 117 -122.

AMA Style

Juan Manuel Serrano-Rodríguez, Manuel Gómez-Díez, María Esgueva, Cristina Castejón-Riber, Antonio Mena-Bravo, Feliciano Priego-Capote, Nahúm Ayala, Juan Manuel Serrano Caballero, Ana Muñoz. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling of benazepril and benazeprilat after administration of intravenous and oral doses of benazepril in healthy horses. Research in Veterinary Science. 2017; 114 ():117-122.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Juan Manuel Serrano-Rodríguez; Manuel Gómez-Díez; María Esgueva; Cristina Castejón-Riber; Antonio Mena-Bravo; Feliciano Priego-Capote; Nahúm Ayala; Juan Manuel Serrano Caballero; Ana Muñoz. 2017. "Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling of benazepril and benazeprilat after administration of intravenous and oral doses of benazepril in healthy horses." Research in Veterinary Science 114, no. : 117-122.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2017 in Journal of Equine Veterinary Science
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ACS Style

Cristina Castejon-Riber; María Dolores Rubio; Estrella Agüera; Ana Muñoz. Objectives, Principles, and Methods of Strength Training for Horses. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 2017, 56, 93 -103.

AMA Style

Cristina Castejon-Riber, María Dolores Rubio, Estrella Agüera, Ana Muñoz. Objectives, Principles, and Methods of Strength Training for Horses. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 2017; 56 ():93-103.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristina Castejon-Riber; María Dolores Rubio; Estrella Agüera; Ana Muñoz. 2017. "Objectives, Principles, and Methods of Strength Training for Horses." Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 56, no. : 93-103.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2017 in Journal of Equine Veterinary Science
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ACS Style

Ana Muñoz; Cristina Castejon-Riber; María Esgueva; Pablo Trigo; Francisco Castejon; Cristina Riber. Current Knowledge of Pathologic Mechanisms and Derived Practical Applications to Prevent Metabolic Disturbances and Exhaustion in the Endurance Horse. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 2017, 51, 24 -33.

AMA Style

Ana Muñoz, Cristina Castejon-Riber, María Esgueva, Pablo Trigo, Francisco Castejon, Cristina Riber. Current Knowledge of Pathologic Mechanisms and Derived Practical Applications to Prevent Metabolic Disturbances and Exhaustion in the Endurance Horse. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 2017; 51 ():24-33.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ana Muñoz; Cristina Castejon-Riber; María Esgueva; Pablo Trigo; Francisco Castejon; Cristina Riber. 2017. "Current Knowledge of Pathologic Mechanisms and Derived Practical Applications to Prevent Metabolic Disturbances and Exhaustion in the Endurance Horse." Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 51, no. : 24-33.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2016 in The Veterinary Journal
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Highlights•Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) were administered before exercise to normotensive horses.•The effects of ACEIs in response to physiological hypertension were investigated.•Enalapril and quinapril induced similar reductions in exercise-induced hypertension.•Ramipril reduced physiological hypertension more than enalapril and quinapril.•Benazepril at 0.50 mg/kg maintained normotension after maximal exercise. AbstractChanges in blood pressure (BP) during acute hypertension in response to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) have not been investigated in normotensive horses. In this study, six healthy horses were subjected to five trials, consisting in a treadmill exercise workload of 8 m/s for 1 min, 2 h after oral administration (PO) of placebo (0 mg/kg), enalapril (2.0 mg/kg), quinapril (1.0 mg/kg), ramipril (0.2 mg/kg) or benazepril (0.5 mg/kg). Serum angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity was measured and systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures were recorded at rest (R), 2 h after placebo or ACEI administration (pre-E) and within the first 20 s after exercise (post-E).Mean maximum serum ACE inhibition 2 h after PO administration was 4.8% (placebo), 39.4% (enalapril), 46.4% (quinapril), 55.0% (ramipril) and 71.68% (benazepril). There were no significant differences in serum ACE inhibition between enalapril and quinapril. SBP and DBP at times R and pre-E were not different in any of the five trials. In response to exercise, SBP increased by 67.6% (placebo), 52.7% (enalapril), 43.1% (quinapril), 26.6% (ramipril) and 4.2% (benazepril). In response to exercise, DBP increased by 20.6, 13.2, 11.7, 16.6 and 3.7% after placebo, enalapril, quinapril, ramipril and benazepril administration, respectively. Serum ACE activity changed during exercise, but statistical significance was not achieved. In conclusion, administration of PO benazepril at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg modulated physiological hypertension induced by exercise in horses that were otherwise normotensive.

ACS Style

Ana Muñoz; María Esgueva; Manuel Gómez-Díez; Juan Manuel Serrano-Caballero; Cristina Castejón-Riber; Juan Manuel Serrano-Rodríguez; Esgueva Acero. Modulation of acute transient exercise-induced hypertension after oral administration of four angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in normotensive horses. The Veterinary Journal 2016, 208, 33 -37.

AMA Style

Ana Muñoz, María Esgueva, Manuel Gómez-Díez, Juan Manuel Serrano-Caballero, Cristina Castejón-Riber, Juan Manuel Serrano-Rodríguez, Esgueva Acero. Modulation of acute transient exercise-induced hypertension after oral administration of four angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in normotensive horses. The Veterinary Journal. 2016; 208 ():33-37.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ana Muñoz; María Esgueva; Manuel Gómez-Díez; Juan Manuel Serrano-Caballero; Cristina Castejón-Riber; Juan Manuel Serrano-Rodríguez; Esgueva Acero. 2016. "Modulation of acute transient exercise-induced hypertension after oral administration of four angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in normotensive horses." The Veterinary Journal 208, no. : 33-37.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2016 in The Veterinary Journal
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The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) ramiprilat after intravenous (IV) and oral (PO) administration of ramipril have not been evaluated in horses. This study was designed to establish PK profiles for ramipril and ramiprilat as well as to determine the effects of ramiprilat on serum angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and to select the most appropriate ramipril dose that suppresses ACE activity. Six healthy horses in a cross-over design received IV ramipril 0.050 mg/kg, PO at a dose of 0 (placebo), and 0.050, 0.10, 0.20, 0.40 and 0.80 mg/kg ramipril. Blood pressures were measured and blood samples obtained at different times. Serum ramipril and ramiprilat concentrations and serum ACE activity were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and spectrophotometry, respectively. Systemic bioavailability of ramiprilat after PO ramipril was 6-9%. Percentages of maximum ACE inhibitions from baseline were 98.88 (IV ramipril), 5.31 (placebo) and 27.68, 39.27, 46.67, 76.13 and 84.27 (the five doses of PO ramipril). Blood pressure did not change during the experiments. Although oral availability of ramiprilat was low, ramipril has sufficient enteral absorption and bioconversion to ramiprilat to induce serum ACE inhibitions of almost 85% after a dose of 0.80 mg/kg ramipril. Additional research on ramipril administration in equine patients is indicated.

ACS Style

Juan Manuel Serrano-Rodríguez; M. Gómez-Díez; M. Esgueva; Cristina Castejon-Riber; A. Mena-Bravo; F. Priego-Capote; J.M. Serrano Caballero; Ana Muñoz. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ramipril and ramiprilat after intravenous and oral doses of ramipril in healthy horses. The Veterinary Journal 2016, 208, 38 -43.

AMA Style

Juan Manuel Serrano-Rodríguez, M. Gómez-Díez, M. Esgueva, Cristina Castejon-Riber, A. Mena-Bravo, F. Priego-Capote, J.M. Serrano Caballero, Ana Muñoz. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ramipril and ramiprilat after intravenous and oral doses of ramipril in healthy horses. The Veterinary Journal. 2016; 208 ():38-43.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Juan Manuel Serrano-Rodríguez; M. Gómez-Díez; M. Esgueva; Cristina Castejon-Riber; A. Mena-Bravo; F. Priego-Capote; J.M. Serrano Caballero; Ana Muñoz. 2016. "Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ramipril and ramiprilat after intravenous and oral doses of ramipril in healthy horses." The Veterinary Journal 208, no. : 38-43.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2015 in Journal of Equine Veterinary Science
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ACS Style

Ana Muñoz; Juan Roldán; Pablo Trigo; Manuel Gómez-Díez; Katy Satué; Cristina Castejón-Riber. Loss of Performance in an Endurance Horse With Erythrocytosis and Colic During Exercise. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 2015, 35, 254 -258.

AMA Style

Ana Muñoz, Juan Roldán, Pablo Trigo, Manuel Gómez-Díez, Katy Satué, Cristina Castejón-Riber. Loss of Performance in an Endurance Horse With Erythrocytosis and Colic During Exercise. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 2015; 35 (3):254-258.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ana Muñoz; Juan Roldán; Pablo Trigo; Manuel Gómez-Díez; Katy Satué; Cristina Castejón-Riber. 2015. "Loss of Performance in an Endurance Horse With Erythrocytosis and Colic During Exercise." Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 35, no. 3: 254-258.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2013 in Research in Veterinary Science
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The influence of hydration prior to exercise on hormonal response to exercise was investigated in horses, divided into two groups, control (n=11) and dehydrated (n=53). They were also classified according to their body weight in A (≈ 350 kg), B (351-450 kg) and C (≈ 451 kg). Horses covered 60 m on a track pulling a carriage loaded with 2, 2.25 and 2.5 times their body weight, for A, B and C. Blood samples were taken at rest, after exercise and during recovery. Electrolytes, albumin, renin, angiotensin and aldosterone concentrations were measured. Dehydrated and control horses had higher aldosterone in category A than B and C. Dehydrated horses presented higher albumin, Na, K, Cl, angiotensin and aldosterone in most of the sampling times. There were no differences in renin associated with body weight category, hydration status and exercise. In dehydration, the response of aldosterone to exercise was higher than in euhydration.

ACS Style

E. Tofé; A. Munoz; F. Castejón; P. Trigo; C. Castejón-Riber; M. Gomez-Diez; C. Riber. Behavior of renin angiotensin aldosterone axis during pulling exercises in euhydrated and dehydrated horses. Research in Veterinary Science 2013, 95, 616 -622.

AMA Style

E. Tofé, A. Munoz, F. Castejón, P. Trigo, C. Castejón-Riber, M. Gomez-Diez, C. Riber. Behavior of renin angiotensin aldosterone axis during pulling exercises in euhydrated and dehydrated horses. Research in Veterinary Science. 2013; 95 (2):616-622.

Chicago/Turabian Style

E. Tofé; A. Munoz; F. Castejón; P. Trigo; C. Castejón-Riber; M. Gomez-Diez; C. Riber. 2013. "Behavior of renin angiotensin aldosterone axis during pulling exercises in euhydrated and dehydrated horses." Research in Veterinary Science 95, no. 2: 616-622.

Journal article
Published: 21 December 2011 in Veterinary Research Communications
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Significant differences exist in the respiratory adaptation to exercise in different equine breeds. This research describes the ergoespirometric response to exercise of Andalusian (AN) and Arabian (A) horses, both selected according to morphological criteria. Thirteen untrained male horses (6 AN and 7 A) performed a treadmill exercise test (TET) with a slope of 6%, with workloads starting from 5 m/s and increasing 1 m/s every 3 min until the horses were not able to keep the required velocity. Tidal volume (TV), respiratory rate, minute ventilation (VE), oxygen uptake (VO2), carbon dioxide production, peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), exercise time to fatigue (ETF) and respiratory aerobic threshold (RAT) were determined. AN horses presented higher TV and VE, whereas respiratory rate, VO2 and VCO2 were lower at the same velocities. RER was similar between breeds. ETF was longer in A horses (556.7 ± 66.5 in AN vs. 607.1 ± 71.1 s in A) and no significant differences were found in RAT (5.50 ± 0.50 in AN vs. 5.86 ± 1.07 m/s in A). In summary, despite the more intense ventilatory response to exercise at the same velocity, AN horses had lower VO2. The AN horse develops a more intense ventilatory response to fixed velocities than the A horse and it could be interesting to clarify the role of the locomotion characteristics in this response.

ACS Style

Cristina Castejón-Riber; Ana Muñoz; Pablo Trigo; Cristina Riber; Rafael Santisteban; Francisco Castejón. Comparative ergoespirometric adaptations to a treadmill exercise test in untrained show Andalusian and Arabian horses. Veterinary Research Communications 2011, 36, 41 -46.

AMA Style

Cristina Castejón-Riber, Ana Muñoz, Pablo Trigo, Cristina Riber, Rafael Santisteban, Francisco Castejón. Comparative ergoespirometric adaptations to a treadmill exercise test in untrained show Andalusian and Arabian horses. Veterinary Research Communications. 2011; 36 (1):41-46.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristina Castejón-Riber; Ana Muñoz; Pablo Trigo; Cristina Riber; Rafael Santisteban; Francisco Castejón. 2011. "Comparative ergoespirometric adaptations to a treadmill exercise test in untrained show Andalusian and Arabian horses." Veterinary Research Communications 36, no. 1: 41-46.

Journal article
Published: 08 November 2010 in Equine Veterinary Journal
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Limited information exists concerning the defence of homeostasis during endurance competitions and the relationship with performance. This research analysed renin (REN), angiotensin II (ANG), aldosterone (ALD) and vasopressin (AVP) in horses covering different distances, assesses differences between successful and eliminated horses and evaluates correlations between hydration status, renal function, electrolytes, REN, ANG, ALD and AVP. Packed cell volume (PCV), velocity and serum concentrations of REN, ANG, ALD, AVP, Na, K, Cl, Ca, Mg, P, creatine kinase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, total proteins (TSP), albumin (ALB), serum uric nitrogen (SUN), creatinine (CREAT) and lactate were analysed in both successful horses (SH) and in horses eliminated due to metabolic problems (MH). Two types of competition were studied: 91 km in one day (Competition A: 20 SH, 9 MH) and 166 km in 2 days, 83 km/day (Competition B: 10 SH and 5 MH). Research analysed renin was not affected by exercise, whereas ANG, ALD and AVP increased. In the SH group, resting ALD and AVP concentrations at the beginning of the second day of Competition B were higher than preride values. Vasopressin did not change during the second day of Competition B, whereas ALD progressively increased. Metabolic problems of both groups showed more evident dehydration (higher PCV, TSP, ALB, SUN and CREAT) and electrolyte alterations (more intense decreases of Na and Cl) than SH at the different sampling times. Metabolic problems presented higher ALD and AVP concentrations. Angiotensin II was higher at certain sampling times in the horses. Endurance horses with dehydration and electrolyte disturbances showed a more intense activation of the REN-ANG-ALD-AVP axis. The study of the response of the REN-ANG-ALD-AVP axis during prolonged exercise in horses with different performance will aid to minimise the risk of metabolic diseases during competitions.

ACS Style

A. Muñoz; C. Riber; P. Trigo; F. M. Castejón; C. Castejón-Riber. Dehydration, electrolyte imbalances and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-vasopressin axis in successful and unsuccessful endurance horses. Equine Veterinary Journal 2010, 42, 83 -90.

AMA Style

A. Muñoz, C. Riber, P. Trigo, F. M. Castejón, C. Castejón-Riber. Dehydration, electrolyte imbalances and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-vasopressin axis in successful and unsuccessful endurance horses. Equine Veterinary Journal. 2010; 42 (38):83-90.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A. Muñoz; C. Riber; P. Trigo; F. M. Castejón; C. Castejón-Riber. 2010. "Dehydration, electrolyte imbalances and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-vasopressin axis in successful and unsuccessful endurance horses." Equine Veterinary Journal 42, no. 38: 83-90.