A differential absorption lidar (DIAL) system designed on the basis of optical parametric oscillators (OPO) with nonlinear KTiOAsO₄ (KTA) and KTiOPO₄ (KTP) crystals is described. The crystals allow laser radiation tuning in the infrared region (IR) wavelength region. The measurements in the 3.30–3.50 μm spectral range, which includes a strong absorption band of methane, are carried out. Lidar backscattered signals in the spectral band 3.30–3.50 μm has been measured and analyzed along the horizontal path in the atmosphere. Based on the experimental results, CH₄ concentrations ~2.085 ppm along a 800 m surface path are retrieved in the spectral range under study with a spatial resolution of 100 m.

This paper introduces the technique of retrieving the profiles of vertical distribution of ozone considering temperature and aerosol correction in DIAL sounding of the atmosphere. The authors determine wavelengths, which are promising for measurements of ozone profiles in the upper troposphere–lower stratosphere. An ozone differential absorption lidar is designed for the measurements. The results of applying the developed technique to the retrieval of the vertical profiles of ozone considering temperature and aerosol correction in the altitude range 6–15 km in DIAL sounding of the atmosphere confirm the prospects of ozone sounding at selected wavelengths of 341 and 299 nm with the proposed lidar. The 2015 ozone profiles retrieved were compared with satellite IASI data and the Kruger model.

The purpose of this work is to measure the ozone vertical distribution (OVD) in the upper troposphere–stratosphere by differential absorption lidar (DIAL) at 299/341 nm and 308/353 nm and to compare and analyze the results against satellite data. А lidar complex for measuring the OVD in the altitude range ≈(5–45) km has been created. Here we analyze the results of ozone lidar measurements at wavelengths of 299/341 nm and 308/353 nm in 2018 at Siberian Lidar Station (SLS) and compare them with satellite (MLS/Aura and IASI/MetOp) measurements of OVD. The retrieved lidar OVD profiles in the upper troposphere–stratosphere in comparison with MLS/Aura and IASI/MetOp profiles, as well as the stitched OVD profile in comparison with the mid-latitude Krueger model, confirm the prospects of using the pairs of ozone sounding wavelengths 299/341 and 308/353 nm.

The purpose of this paper is to study how the application of different sets of absorption cross-sections influence the ozone vertical distribution (OVD) in the upper layers of the troposphere—stratosphere in the altitude range ~(5–45) km, using a differential absorption lidar (DIAL), operating at the sensing wavelengths 299/341 nm and 308/353 nm. We analyzed the results of lidar measurements of OVD obtained in 2021 using meteorological data from the IASI/MetOp satellite at the Siberian Lidar Station (SLS). The retrieval was performed using the data of four groups concerning the absorption cross-sections: Gorshelev et al., Malicet et al., SCIAMACHY, and GOME. To estimate how the absorption cross-sections influence the OVD retrieval from lidar measurements, we calculated the average deviations between the profiles retrieved using different sets both in a particular case on 2 January 2021 and throughout 2021. Our study showed that, out of the four absorption cross-section sets, the data of Gorshelev et al. should be used for long-term lidar monitoring of the ozone. These data show a more discrete dependence of the absorption cross-sections on the temperature values, which is more urgent for tropospheric and stratospheric ozone measurements.

The purpose of the work is to study the influence of temperature correction on ozone vertical distribution (OVD) in the upper troposphere–stratosphere in the altitude range~(5–45) km, using differential absorption lidar (DIAL), operating at the sensing wavelengths 299/341 nm and 308/353 nm. We analyze the results of lidar measurements, obtained using meteorological data from MLS/Aura and IASI/MetOp satellites and temperature model, at the wavelengths of 299/341 nm and 308/353 nm in 2018 at Siberian Lidar Station (SLS) of Institute of Atmospheric Optics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences. To estimate how the temperature correction of absorption cross-sections influences the OVD retrieval from lidar measurements, we calculated the deviations of the difference between two profiles, retrieved using satellite- and model-based temperatures. Two temperature seasons were singled out to analyze how real temperature influences the retrieved OVD profiles. In the stratosphere, when satellite-derived temperature and model are used for retrieval, the deviations may reach absolute values of ozone concentration in the range from −0.97 × 10¹² molecules × cm⁻³ at 19.7 km to 1.05 × 10¹² molecules × cm⁻³ at 25.3 km during winter–spring season, and from −0.17 × 10¹² molecules × cm⁻³ at height of 17.4 km to 0.27 × 10¹² molecules × cm⁻³ at 40 km in summer–fall period. In the troposphere, when satellite-derived temperature is used in the retrieval, the deviations may reach absolute values of ozone concentration in the range from −1.95 × 10¹² molecules × cm⁻³ at 18.6 km to 1.23 × 10¹² molecules × cm⁻³ at 18.2 km during winter–spring season, and from −0.15 × 10¹² molecules × cm⁻³ at height of 11.4 km to 0.3 × 10¹² molecules × cm⁻³ at 8 km during summer–fall season.

Subject of study. Methane concentration in near-the-surface tropospheric sensing paths was investigated under background conditions using a mobile differential absorption lidar. Aim of study. A mobile differential absorption lidar for remote sensing of atmospheric methane in the mid-infrared spectral range was designed, calibrated, and tested in natural field experiments. Method. The designed lidar enables investigation in the atmosphere using the differential absorption method. This method is based on the effect of resonant absorption of laser emission by gases. The emission source of the lidar has two operating wavelengths, one (on-line) in the center of the methane absorption line and the other (off-line) on the wing of the absorption line. The lidar signals obtained at on- and off-line wavelengths enable retrieval of the methane concentration under background conditions. Main results. The designed mobile IR differential absorption lidar for investigation of atmospheric methane is described. The mobile IR emission source of the differential absorption lidar was calibrated in the informative range of methane sensing near 3400 nm. The results of a natural field test of the mobile IR lidar for detection of atmospheric response at the calibrated sensing wavelengths and retrieval of methane background concentrations of approximately 2.0 ppm in horizontal surface atmospheric sensing paths are presented. Practical significance. The technical solutions for the design of the mobile lidar for remote methane sensing proposed in this paper enable formulation of the requirements on its further improvement aiming to increase the measurement range, design a vertical configuration for remote sensing from an aircraft, and use it at arctic latitudes.