In the last few years, the development of radiation-grafted powder-form anion-exchange ionomers (AEI), used in combination with anion-exchange membranes (AEM), has led to the assembly of AEM-based fuel cells (AEMFC) that routinely yield power densities ranging between 1–2 W cm−2 (with a variety of catalysts). However, to date, only benzyltrimethylammonium-type powder AEIs have been evaluated in AEMFCs. This study presents an initial evaluation of the relative AEMFC power outputs when using a combination of ETFE-based radiation-grafted AEMs and AEIs containing three different head-group chemistries: benzyltrimethylammonium (TMA), benzyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium (MPY), and benzyl-N-methylpiperidinium (MPRD). The results from this study strongly suggest that future research should focus on the development and operando long-term durability testing of AEMs and AEIs containing the MPRD head-group chemistry.
We investigate current-driven magnetization dynamics in synthetic multilayer antiferromagnets by using low-frequency voltage noise measurements. We observe suppression of the noise above a critical current density of about . Theoretical estimates suggest that this effect may be attributed to current-induced motion of domain walls in the antiferromagnet. The observed critical current density is about one order of magnitude smaller than for ferromagnetic systems. Our results are relevant for applications of antiferromagnetic metal spintronics in, e.g., magnetic memory storage technology.