The paper is devoted to research on unmanned aerial vehicle navigation using spatial-spectral portraits of the terrain. Such navigation is relevant in the event of failure of global positioning system receivers and other navigation equipment, but its implementation requires the solution of a number of methodological issues. In particular, the effect of illumination changes on the spectral characteristics of objects should be taken into account. The borrowing of satellite solutions using optical patterns is inadequate for low-flying unmanned aerial vehicles and it is more promising to use the service data from the meter display of the spectral sensory equipment of the unmanned aerial vehicle. In this research, an existing method for correction of illumination changes based on the value of LightValue for different cameras in laboratory and field conditions is considered. It has been experimentally established that the dependencies between LightValue and the intensities of color constituents in different cameras are individual in nature. For the correction due to changes in natural light, it is suggested to use experimentally obtained dependences for specific brands of the sensory equipment. When organizing navigation systems for spectral portraits of the terrain, it is recommended to use objects with the most stable optical changes in terms of illumination.

The present article based on the modern tendencies of precision farming development suggests an approach and method of optimal works planning with the employment of UAV for unmanned combine harvesters in terms of harvest collection. The main difference between the developed method from the existing ones is that work planning implies each separate part of the field as a separate unit for the record instead of observing the whole field as a unit. Each separate part is observed with the determination of the scale and density of harvest and building models for the usage of unmanned agricultural machinery based on precise information from the UAV. The process of procedure and time planning for work performance is divided into two main stages: specification of density scale of expected harvest based on the usage of UAV and deciding on the plan of usage of unmanned harvesting equipment. Based on the gathered and processed data from the UAV this information is constantly being updated for a consequent harvesting plan correction. The task of harvest planning is solved by the method of dynamic programming and the criterion of maximization of the scale of gathered harvest with consideration of time and value limits of a harvesting campaign.

This paper proposes an approach to the geospatial assessment of a territorial road network based on the fractals theory. This approach allows us to obtain quantitative values of spatial complexity for any transport network and, in contrast to the classical indicators of the transport provisions of a territory (Botcher, Henkel, Engel, Goltz, Uspensky, etc.), consider only the complexity level of the network itself, regardless of the area of the territory. The degree of complexity is measured by a fractal dimension. A method for calculating the fractal dimension based on a combination of box counting and GIS analysis is proposed. We created a geoprocessing script tool for the GIS software system ESRI ArcGIS 10.7, and a study of the spatial pattern of the transport network of the Ukraine territory, and other countries of the world, was made. The results of the study will help to better understand the different aspects of the development of transport networks, their changes over time and the impact on the socioeconomic indicators of urban development.

We have developed a structure of the multi-criteria model of decision making related to determine optimal sites for the location of solid waste landfills (using the south of Odessa oblast as an example). A special feature of the model is the integration of GIS and the multi-criteria methods of decision-making. Based on the created raster criteria maps in the GIS geodatabase and expert estimation of the significance of criteria, we ranked alternatives according to the degree of suitability. A multilevel hierarchical decision-making structure includes three groups of criteria: environmental, physical, and socio-economic; it takes into consideration the state building requirements to the construction of SW polygons. Such an approach provides for the acceptability of results of the analysis by most stakeholders.The simulation is performed for the three scenarios that imply the aggregation of layers of criteria into a combined map of suitability using Boolean logic, fuzzy logic, and a combination of methods of weighted overlay and a fuzzy analysis of hierarchies. To account for the uncertainty of original information and subjectivity in expert assessments, we employed an apparatus of fuzzy logic. Piecewise-linear membership functions of the fuzzy set are proposed for the standardization of criteria. We calculated weights of criteria using a modified method of the analysis of hierarchies, in which we used linguistic variables represented by triangular fuzzy numbers to perform the paired comparison of criteria significance.The results of the simulation show that the use of operations of a fuzzy intersection or a fuzzy combination in order to aggregate a combined suitability map can lead to errors related to the underestimation or overestimation of alternatives. The most acceptable method is a weighted linear combination, or the operation of fuzzy geometric averaging, in cases when it is difficult or impossible to determine the weight of criteria.

The methodical foundations for the construction of aeronautical simulators and organization of intensive training of flight crews for raising their level of training in the management of aviation complexes in emergency situations are offered. The essence of the construction of flight simulators for the organization of intensive training of flight crews is the optimal planning of the number of training tasks with unusual situations and their training on specialized flight simulators, taking into account the current level of training and the functional status of those who are trained, and restrictions on time (cost).