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Background: Worldwide, vitamin D deficiency is a public health issue and the prevalence of obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are rapidly increasing. There are a limited number of studies assessing the association between serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and NAFLD risk in obese population. Objective: We evaluated the associations between serum 25(OH)D levels and risk of suspected NAFLD after stratification by obesity using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2008–2014. Methods: This study included 25,755 subjects without significant alcohol consumption for the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and hepatic steatosis index (HSI) analyses (8922 subjects for the serum gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and fatty liver index (FLI) analyses), based on a cross-sectional study design. Serum 25(OH)D levels were measured using a Gamma counter with radioimmunoassay. A survey logistic regression model was applied to estimate ORs and 95% CIs. Restricted cubic smoothing splines were applied to evaluate nonlinear associations. Results: The risk of suspected NAFLD was reduced per unit of natural log-transformed serum 25(OH)D concentration in obese individuals (OR [95% (CI)]; for ALT, 0.80 [0.67, 0.96]; for GGT, 0.70 [0.49, 0.99; for FLI, 0.68 [0.47, 1.01]; for HSI, 0.70 [0.56, 0.87]). The ORs [95% CI] of suspected NAFLD changed across the quartiles: for serum ALT, from 1.02 [0.85, 1.23] to 0.72 [0.59, 0.87]; for serum GGT, from 0.79 [0.56, 1.13] to 0.64 [0.44, 0.92]; for FLI, from 0.98 [0.67, 1.44] to 0.70 [0.48, 1.02]; and for HSI, from 0.91 [0.73, 1.14] to 0.65 [0.52, 0.81] with dose–response relationships (all p for trend < 0.01). Conclusions: This study suggests that vitamin D sufficiency for public health should be emphasized in order to prevent adverse health effects in obese populations.
Eunjung Park; Eun Young Park. Inverse Association between Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Risk of Suspected Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Obese Population. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 8682 .
AMA StyleEunjung Park, Eun Young Park. Inverse Association between Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Risk of Suspected Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Obese Population. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (16):8682.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEunjung Park; Eun Young Park. 2021. "Inverse Association between Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Risk of Suspected Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Obese Population." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 16: 8682.
Introduction: Human exposure to parabens is very common in daily life, and prenatal exposure to these chemicals is associated with poor birth outcomes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of glutathione S-transferase (GST) polymorphisms on the association between prenatal exposure to parabens and birth outcomes. Methods: We conducted a multivariate analysis involving 177 subjects to determine the association between paraben concentrations and birth outcomes in mothers with GST mu 1 (GSTM1) and GST theta 1 (GSTT1) polymorphisms from 2017 to 2019. Furthermore, we determined the interactive effect between paraben levels and GSTM1/GSTT1 polymorphisms using regression analysis, in addition to a generalized linear model after stratifying GSTM1/GSTT1 genotype into three categories. Results: Methyl and propyl paraben concentrations were significantly and positively associated with birth weight (methyl, β = 116.525, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 22.460–210.590; propyl, β = 82.352, 95% CI = 9.147–155.557) in individuals with the GSTM1-null genotype. Moreover, the propyl paraben concentration was significantly associated with an increase in gestational age (β = 0.312, 95% CI = 0.085–0.539) in individuals with the GSTM1-null genotype. Conclusions: This study reported the association between prenatal paraben exposure and birth outcomes in individuals with GST polymorphisms. We found positive relationships of maternal exposure to methyl parabens with birth weight in both mothers with GSTM1 and GSTT1-null genotypes.
Bohye Shin; Jeoung Kwon; Eun Park; Sora Kang; Seyoung Kim; Eunyoung Park; Byungmi Kim. Prenatal Exposure to Parabens Affects Birth Outcomes through Maternal Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) Polymorphisms: From the Mothers and Kids Environmental Health (MAKE) Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 3012 .
AMA StyleBohye Shin, Jeoung Kwon, Eun Park, Sora Kang, Seyoung Kim, Eunyoung Park, Byungmi Kim. Prenatal Exposure to Parabens Affects Birth Outcomes through Maternal Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) Polymorphisms: From the Mothers and Kids Environmental Health (MAKE) Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (6):3012.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBohye Shin; Jeoung Kwon; Eun Park; Sora Kang; Seyoung Kim; Eunyoung Park; Byungmi Kim. 2021. "Prenatal Exposure to Parabens Affects Birth Outcomes through Maternal Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) Polymorphisms: From the Mothers and Kids Environmental Health (MAKE) Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 6: 3012.
Recent prospective cohort studies have suggested that circulating persistent organic pollutants (POPs) may be associated with the development of cancers. We investigated the association between pre-diagnostic serum concentrations of POPs and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. A case-cohort study within a community-based prospective cohort was performed, including 104 CRC cases and 235 subcohort participants. Serum concentrations of POPs were measured by high resolution gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used. The association between serum concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (OCs) and CRC risk was significant (cis-heptachlor epoxide: 3rd tercile [HR (95% CI): 2.76 (1.25–6.07); trans-nonachlor: 2nd tercile [HR (95% CI): 3.90 (1.56–9.75)], 3rd tercile [HR (95% CI): 4.86 (1.95–12.16)]); p,p’-DDD: 2nd tercile [HR (95% CI): 6.02 (2.05–17.70)], 3rd tercile [HR (95% CI): 7.43 (2.42–22.84)]). Certain polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) congeners were significantly associated with CRC risk (PCB-105: 3rd tercile HR [95% CI]: 3.15 [1.38–7.19], PCB-118: 3rd tercile HR [95% CI]: 2.68 [1.22–5.92]; PCB-138: 2nd tercile [HR (95% CI): 2.51 (1.19–5.28)], 3rd tercile [HR (95% CI): 3.27 (1.50–7.12)]; PCB-153: 2nd tercile [HR (95% CI): 3.93 (1.81–8.54)], 3rd tercile [HR (95% CI): 5.02 (2.09–12.07)]; PCB-156: 2nd tercile [HR (95% CI): 2.61 (1.21–5.59)], 3rd tercile [HR (95% CI): 4.07 (1.73–9.61)]; PCB-180: 2nd tercile [HR (95% CI): 2.58 (1.15–5.78)], 3rd tercile [HR (95% CI): 4.01 (1.68–9.59)]).results This study suggests that serum concentrations of POPs could increase the CRC risk in the general population.
Eun Young Park; Jinsun Kim; Eunjung Park; Jin-Kyoung Oh; Byungmi Kim; Min Kyung Lim. Serum concentrations of persistent organic pollutants and colorectal cancer risk: A case-cohort study within Korean National Cancer Center Community (KNCCC) cohort. Chemosphere 2021, 271, 129596 .
AMA StyleEun Young Park, Jinsun Kim, Eunjung Park, Jin-Kyoung Oh, Byungmi Kim, Min Kyung Lim. Serum concentrations of persistent organic pollutants and colorectal cancer risk: A case-cohort study within Korean National Cancer Center Community (KNCCC) cohort. Chemosphere. 2021; 271 ():129596.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEun Young Park; Jinsun Kim; Eunjung Park; Jin-Kyoung Oh; Byungmi Kim; Min Kyung Lim. 2021. "Serum concentrations of persistent organic pollutants and colorectal cancer risk: A case-cohort study within Korean National Cancer Center Community (KNCCC) cohort." Chemosphere 271, no. : 129596.
Background: This study aimed to determine the effects of metabolic syndrome (MetS) on colorectal cancer (CRC) using propensity score (PS) methods. Methods: The study subjects were 2417 men and 4568 women from the Korean National Cancer Center (KNCC) Community Cohort enrolled between 2003 and 2010. Odds risks (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using PS matching analysis, regression models adjusted by the PS or stratified into five strata according to PS, and PS weighting methods were calculated. Results: In women, MetS and abnormally high triglyceride (TG) levels were associated with CRC risk using the PS matching analysis (ORs, for MetS, 2.19 (95% CI, 1.10–4.33); for abnormal TG levels, 2.08 (95% CI, 1.07–4.02)). However, there were no significant associations between MetS and TG levels and CRC risk in men. Conclusions: Our study might provide additional evidence that deteriorated metabolic profiles increase the risk of CRC in women rather than men. Thus, this may have an important role in effective population-level interventions for deteriorated metabolic profiles at an early stage.
Jinsun Kim; Eun Young Park; Eunjung Park; Min Kyung Lim; Jin-Kyoung Oh; Byungmi Kim. Metabolic Syndrome and Colorectal Cancer Risk: Results of Propensity Score-Based Analyses in a Community-Based Cohort Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 8687 .
AMA StyleJinsun Kim, Eun Young Park, Eunjung Park, Min Kyung Lim, Jin-Kyoung Oh, Byungmi Kim. Metabolic Syndrome and Colorectal Cancer Risk: Results of Propensity Score-Based Analyses in a Community-Based Cohort Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (22):8687.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJinsun Kim; Eun Young Park; Eunjung Park; Min Kyung Lim; Jin-Kyoung Oh; Byungmi Kim. 2020. "Metabolic Syndrome and Colorectal Cancer Risk: Results of Propensity Score-Based Analyses in a Community-Based Cohort Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 22: 8687.
We evaluated the associations between blood Cadmium (Cd) concentrations and risk of suspected NAFLD using nationally representative data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2008–2013, 2016 and 2017. This cross-sectional study included 12,099 adults for the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and hepatic steatosis index (HSI) analyses and 2,904 adults for the serum gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and fatty liver index (FLI) analyses, without significant alcohol consumption. Blood Cd concentrations were measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Data were analyzed using survey logistic regression models. Odds ratios (ORs) of suspected NAFLD increased significantly per unit of natural log-transformed blood Cd concentration (OR [95% (CI)], for ALT, overall: 1.50 [1.34, 1.68], men: 1.64 [1.40, 2.10] and women: 1.29 [1.08, 1.47]; for GGT, overall: 1.77 [1.33, 2.35], men: 2.28 [1.53, 3.41] and women: 1.27 [0.82, 1.97]; for FLI, overall: 1.84 [1.32, 2.57], men: 1.91 [1.24, 2.94] and women: 1.58 [0.87, 2.86]; for HSI, overall: 1.19 [1.07, 1.32], men: 1.17 [1.01, 1.37] and women: 1.14 [0.99, 1.32]). The blood Cd concentrations associated with risk of suspected NAFLD were lower than those previously reported (for ALT, > 0.64 μg/L, for GGT, > 1.41 μg/L, for FLI, > 0.96 μg/L, and for HSI, > 1.41 μg/L). This study suggests that the reference level of blood Cd should probably be lower than the previously recommended value to prevent adverse health effects due to Cd exposure.
Eunjung Park; Jinsun Kim; Byungmi Kim; Eun Young Park. Association between environmental exposure to cadmium and risk of suspected non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Chemosphere 2020, 266, 128947 .
AMA StyleEunjung Park, Jinsun Kim, Byungmi Kim, Eun Young Park. Association between environmental exposure to cadmium and risk of suspected non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Chemosphere. 2020; 266 ():128947.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEunjung Park; Jinsun Kim; Byungmi Kim; Eun Young Park. 2020. "Association between environmental exposure to cadmium and risk of suspected non-alcoholic fatty liver disease." Chemosphere 266, no. : 128947.
Since the global enforcement of smoke-free policies, indoor smoking has decreased significantly, and the characteristics of non-smokers’ exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) has changed. The purpose of this study was to assess the temporal and spatial characteristics of SHS exposure in non-smokers by combining questionnaires and biomarkers with time activity patterns. To assess SHS exposure, biomarkers such as cotinine and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-3-(pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) in urine and nicotine in hair were collected from 100 non-smokers in Seoul. Questionnaires about SHS exposure and time activity patterns were also obtained from the participants. The analysis of biomarker samples indicated that about 10% of participants were exposed to SHS when compared with the criteria from previous studies. However, 97% of the participants reported that they were exposed to SHS at least once weekly. The participants were most exposed to SHS in the outdoor microenvironment, where they spent approximately 1.2 h daily. There was a significant correlation between the participants’ time spent outdoors and self-reported SHS exposure time (r2 = 0.935). In this study, a methodology using time activity patterns to assess temporal and spatial characteristics of SHS exposure was suggested. The results of this study may help develop policies for managing SHS exposure, considering the time activity patterns.
Byung Woo; Min Lim; Eun Park; Jinhyeon Park; Hyeonsu Ryu; Dayoung Jung; Marcus Ramirez; Wonho Yang. Characteristics of Non-Smokers’ Exposure Using Indirect Smoking Indicators and Time Activity Patterns. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9099 .
AMA StyleByung Woo, Min Lim, Eun Park, Jinhyeon Park, Hyeonsu Ryu, Dayoung Jung, Marcus Ramirez, Wonho Yang. Characteristics of Non-Smokers’ Exposure Using Indirect Smoking Indicators and Time Activity Patterns. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (21):9099.
Chicago/Turabian StyleByung Woo; Min Lim; Eun Park; Jinhyeon Park; Hyeonsu Ryu; Dayoung Jung; Marcus Ramirez; Wonho Yang. 2020. "Characteristics of Non-Smokers’ Exposure Using Indirect Smoking Indicators and Time Activity Patterns." Sustainability 12, no. 21: 9099.
Cadmium is known to act as a thyroid disruptor and carcinogen in humans. Recent evidence suggests that cadmium may play a role as a thyroid carcinogen due to its endocrine-disrupting activity, but this characterization remains unclear. We investigated the association between urinary cadmium and primary thyroid cancer, and the modifying effect of diabetes on this association. We included 5406 participants over 19 years old with measured urinary cadmium from samples collected at eight National Industrial Complex areas from 2003 to 2011. Among 5406 participants, 68 cases were diagnosed with thyroid cancer between enrollment and the end of follow-up (December 31, 2016). Incidence rate ratios for thyroid cancer were estimated using random-effects Cox proportional hazards models with follow-up time as the time scale. In addition, we conducted a stratified analysis by diabetes status. Compared with the lowest tertile, the middle and highest tertiles had higher risks of thyroid cancer, respectively (HRmiddle vs. lowest = 1.90, 95% CI = 0.93 to 3.91; HRhighest vs. lowest = 2.28, 95% CI = 1.09 to 4.78), with a significant dose-response relationship (P for trend = 0.03). There was no linear association between cadmium level and risk of thyroid cancer. Higher cadmium levels increased thyroid cancer risk in participants without diabetes (HRmiddle vs. lowest = 2.35, 95% CI = 1.05 to 5.24; HRhighest vs. lowest = 2.70, 95% CI = 1.18 to 6.19); although, an association between cadmium levels and thyroid cancer risk in participants with diabetes was not found. Low-level exposure to cadmium is associated with thyroid cancer risk. Our results provide the evidence to limit exposure to cadmium for cancer prevention in the general population. Further studies are needed to investigate the consequence of diabetes and antidiabetic drugs between cadmium and thyroid cancer.
Eunjung Park; Seyoung Kim; Sang-Hwan Song; Chul-Woo Lee; Jung-Taek Kwon; Min Kyung Lim; Eun Young Park; Young-Joo Won; Kyu-Won Jung; Byungmi Kim. Environmental exposure to cadmium and risk of thyroid cancer from national industrial complex areas: A population-based cohort study. Chemosphere 2020, 268, 128819 .
AMA StyleEunjung Park, Seyoung Kim, Sang-Hwan Song, Chul-Woo Lee, Jung-Taek Kwon, Min Kyung Lim, Eun Young Park, Young-Joo Won, Kyu-Won Jung, Byungmi Kim. Environmental exposure to cadmium and risk of thyroid cancer from national industrial complex areas: A population-based cohort study. Chemosphere. 2020; 268 ():128819.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEunjung Park; Seyoung Kim; Sang-Hwan Song; Chul-Woo Lee; Jung-Taek Kwon; Min Kyung Lim; Eun Young Park; Young-Joo Won; Kyu-Won Jung; Byungmi Kim. 2020. "Environmental exposure to cadmium and risk of thyroid cancer from national industrial complex areas: A population-based cohort study." Chemosphere 268, no. : 128819.
Background: This study aimed to determine the effects of metabolic syndrome (MetS) on colorectal cancer (CRC) using propensity score (PS) methods.Methods: The study subjects were 2,417 men and 4,568 women from the Korean National Cancer Center (KNCC) Community Cohort enrolled between 2003 and 2010 who were followed up by 2016 (median follow-up time, 10.4 years). Modified criteria for MetS, adopted body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 instead of waist circumference (≥90cm for men and ≥80 cm for women for Asian) was applied. Hazard risks (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using unadjusted and multiple Cox's hazard regression models, PS matching analysis, regression models adjusted by the PS or stratified into five strata according to PS, and PS weighting methods were calculated.Results: There were 57 and 54 incident colorectal cases for men and women, respectively (median follow-up time was 4.8 years for men and 5.5 years for women). In women, MetS and abnormally high triglyceride (TG) levels were associated with CRC risk (HR for MetS, 2.12 [95% CI, 1.22-3.68] using the multiple Cox's hazard regression and 2.19 [95% CI, 1.10-4.33] using the PS matching analysis; HR for abnormal TG levels, 2.06 [95% CI, 1.20-3.55] using the multiple Cox's hazard regression and 2.08 [95% CI, 1.07-4.02] using the PS matching analysis). In men, MetS and TG levels did not show significant associations with the risk of CRC (HR for MetS, 1.04 [95% CI, 0.54-1.99] using the multiple Cox's hazard regression and 0.93 [95% CI, 0.42-2.03] using the PS matching analysis; HR for abnormal TG levels, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.47-1.50] using the multiple Cox's hazard regression and 1.11 [95% CI, 0.55-2.21] using the PS matching analysis).Conclusions: Our study might provide additional evidence that deteriorated metabolic profiles increase the risk of CRC in women rather than men. Thus, it may have an important role in effective population-level interventions for deteriorated metabolic profiles at an early stage.
Jinsun Kim; Eun Young Park; Eunjung Park; Min Kyung Lim; Jin-Kyoung Oh; Byungmi Kim. Metabolic Syndrome and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: Results of Propensity Score-based Analyses in a Community-based Cohort Study. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleJinsun Kim, Eun Young Park, Eunjung Park, Min Kyung Lim, Jin-Kyoung Oh, Byungmi Kim. Metabolic Syndrome and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: Results of Propensity Score-based Analyses in a Community-based Cohort Study. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJinsun Kim; Eun Young Park; Eunjung Park; Min Kyung Lim; Jin-Kyoung Oh; Byungmi Kim. 2020. "Metabolic Syndrome and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: Results of Propensity Score-based Analyses in a Community-based Cohort Study." , no. : 1.
Background Depression shows different patterns depending on socioeconomic status (SES) and metabolic syndrome (MS). However, the nature of this association remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to examine whether the combination of MS and lower SES was associated with the prevalence of depression, based on data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Methods Data were obtained from a cross-sectional study of 24,102 adults (> 19 years of age) who participated in the KNHANES during 2008–2013 and for whom MS and depression data were available. MS was defined using the diagnostic criteria of the modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. Measure of depression was ascertained from self-reports of physician diagnosis. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between depression and MS as well as SES (alone and in combination). Results Overall, 622 of the 24,102 subjects (2.6%) met the criteria for depression. The prevalence of depression was associated with MS, a lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, an elevated triglyceride level, a lower education level, and a lower household income. Participants with MS and a low SES had a higher likelihood of depression than those without MS and a high SES (odds ratio [OR] = 4.180 for low education level and OR = 3.994 for low household income level). Conclusions This study suggests that the combination of SES and MS may play an important role in depression, which has implications for healthcare policy and depression management.
B. Kim; E. Y. Park. The combined effect of socioeconomic status and metabolic syndrome on depression: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). BMC Public Health 2020, 20, 617 -12.
AMA StyleB. Kim, E. Y. Park. The combined effect of socioeconomic status and metabolic syndrome on depression: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). BMC Public Health. 2020; 20 (1):617-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleB. Kim; E. Y. Park. 2020. "The combined effect of socioeconomic status and metabolic syndrome on depression: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)." BMC Public Health 20, no. 1: 617-12.
Background: Depression shows different patterns depending on socioeconomic status (SES) and metabolic syndrome (MS). However, the nature of this association remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to examine whether the combination of MS and lower SES was associated with the prevalence of depression, based on data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).Methods: Data were obtained from a cross-sectional study of 24,102 adults (>19 years of age) who participated in the KNHANES during 2008–2013 and for whom MS and depression data were available. MS was defined using the diagnostic criteria of the modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. Measure of depression was ascertained from self-reports of physician diagnosis. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between depression and MS as well as SES (alone and in combination). Results: Overall, 622 of the 24,102 subjects (2.6%) met the criteria for depression. The prevalence of depression was associated with MS, a lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, an elevated triglyceride level, a lower education level, and a lower household income. Participants with MS and a low SES had a higher likelihood of depression than those without MS and a high SES (odds ratio [OR]=4.180 for low education level and OR=3.994 for low household income level). Conclusions: This study suggests that the combination of SES and MS may play an important role in depression, which has implications for healthcare policy and depression management.
Byungmi Kim; Eun Young Park. The combined effect of socioeconomic status and metabolic syndrome on depression: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleByungmi Kim, Eun Young Park. The combined effect of socioeconomic status and metabolic syndrome on depression: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleByungmi Kim; Eun Young Park. 2020. "The combined effect of socioeconomic status and metabolic syndrome on depression: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)." , no. : 1.
Background: Accumulating evidence supports the existence of a metabolic–mood syndrome. Lower socioeconomic status (SES) is correlated with a higher prevalence of both depression and metabolic syndrome (MS). However, the nature of this association remains poorly understood. The objective of this study was to examine whether the combination of MS and lower SES was associated with the prevalence of depression. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 24,102 adults (>19 years of age) who participated in the 2008–2013 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and for whom MS and depression data were available. MS was defined using the diagnostic criteria of the modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. Depression was assessed using a questionnaire. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between depression and MS as well as SES (alone and in combination). Results: Overall, 622 of the 24,102 subjects (2.2%) met the criteria for depression. The prevalence of depression was associated with MS, a lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, an elevated triglyceride level, a lower education level, and a lower household income. Participants with MS and a low SES had a higher likelihood of depression than those without MS and a high SES (odds ratio [OR]=4.180 for low education level and OR=3.994 for low household income level). Conclusions: This study suggests that the combination of SES and MS may play an important role in depression, which has implications for healthcare policy and depression management.
Byungmi Kim; Eun Young Park. Association between depression and the combination of lower socioeconomic status and metabolic syndrome: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleByungmi Kim, Eun Young Park. Association between depression and the combination of lower socioeconomic status and metabolic syndrome: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleByungmi Kim; Eun Young Park. 2020. "Association between depression and the combination of lower socioeconomic status and metabolic syndrome: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)." , no. : 1.
Background: This study aimed to determine the effects of metabolic syndrome (MetS) on colorectal cancer (CRC) using propensity score (PS) methods.Methods: The study subjects were 2,417 men and 4,568 women from the Korean National Cancer Center (KNCC) Community Cohort between 2003 and 2010 who were followed up by 2016. We calculated adjusted hazard risks (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using unadjusted and multiple Cox's hazard regression models, PS matching analysis, regression models adjusted by the PS or stratified into five strata according to PS, and PS weighting methods.Results: In women, MetS and abnormally high triglyceride (TG) levels were associated with an increased risk of CRC (HR for MetS, 2.11 [95% CI, 1.21-3.86] using the multiple Cox's hazard regression and 2.19 [95% CI, 1.10-4.36] using the PS matching analysis; HR for abnormal TG levels, 2.09 [95% CI, 1.21-3.62] using the multiple Cox's hazard regression and 2.10 [95% CI, 1.08-4.08] using the PS matching analysis). In men, MetS did not show a significant association with the risk of incident CRC no matter which analyses we performed (HR, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.42, 2.04] using the PS matching analysis).Conclusions: Our study might provide additional evidence that deteriorated metabolic profiles increase the risk of CRC in women rather than men. Thus, it may have an important role in effective population-level interventions for deteriorated metabolic profiles at an early stage.
Jinsun Kim; Eun Young Park; Eunjung Park; Min Kyung Lim; Jin-Kyoung Oh; Byungmi Kim. Metabolic Syndrome and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: Results of Propensity Score-based Analyses in a Community-based Cohort Study. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleJinsun Kim, Eun Young Park, Eunjung Park, Min Kyung Lim, Jin-Kyoung Oh, Byungmi Kim. Metabolic Syndrome and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: Results of Propensity Score-based Analyses in a Community-based Cohort Study. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJinsun Kim; Eun Young Park; Eunjung Park; Min Kyung Lim; Jin-Kyoung Oh; Byungmi Kim. 2020. "Metabolic Syndrome and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: Results of Propensity Score-based Analyses in a Community-based Cohort Study." , no. : 1.