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Zinc-based batteries are potential candidates for flexible energy storage due to their high capacity, low cost, and intrinsic safety. Hydrogel electrolytes with saturated aqueous solvents can provide remarkable electrochemical performance while retaining satisfactory flexibility for zinc-based batteries. The past decades have witnessed their fast growth. However, the study of zinc-based batteries with hydrogel electrolytes under extreme conditions is still in the early stages and many technical issues remain to be addressed. In this review, the physical and chemical properties of hydrogel electrolytes are discussed for application in zinc-based batteries. Strategies towards hydrogel electrolytes and flexible zinc-based batteries under extremely high/low temperatures or under deformation conditions and their behaviors are reviewed and analyzed. Moreover, design strategies for all-around hydrogel electrolyte that are appropriate for use in all these extreme conditions are proposed. A perspective discussing the challenges and future directions of hydrogel electrolyte for zinc-based batteries is also provided.
Siyuan Zhao; Yayu Zuo; Tong Liu; Shuo Zhai; Yawen Dai; Zengjia Guo; Yang Wang; Qijiao He; Lingchao Xia; Chunyi Zhi; Jinhye Bae; Keliang Wang; Meng Ni. Multi‐Functional Hydrogels for Flexible Zinc‐Based Batteries Working under Extreme Conditions. Advanced Energy Materials 2021, 2101749 .
AMA StyleSiyuan Zhao, Yayu Zuo, Tong Liu, Shuo Zhai, Yawen Dai, Zengjia Guo, Yang Wang, Qijiao He, Lingchao Xia, Chunyi Zhi, Jinhye Bae, Keliang Wang, Meng Ni. Multi‐Functional Hydrogels for Flexible Zinc‐Based Batteries Working under Extreme Conditions. Advanced Energy Materials. 2021; ():2101749.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSiyuan Zhao; Yayu Zuo; Tong Liu; Shuo Zhai; Yawen Dai; Zengjia Guo; Yang Wang; Qijiao He; Lingchao Xia; Chunyi Zhi; Jinhye Bae; Keliang Wang; Meng Ni. 2021. "Multi‐Functional Hydrogels for Flexible Zinc‐Based Batteries Working under Extreme Conditions." Advanced Energy Materials , no. : 2101749.
Wide ranges of thickness (e.g. 100–400 μm) and porosity (e.g. 30–70%) of gas diffusion layer (GDL) in a high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) are available in the literature. However, the effects of GDL porosity and thickness on electron conduction and gas distribution uniformity (under the rib and under the channel) are unclear. In this study, a numerical non-isothermal 3D model was developed. After model validation, parametric analyses were performed to investigate the effects of thickness and porosity on flow uniformity (under the rib and under the channel), diffusion flux and ohmic resistance. It is found that both the flow uniformity and ohmic resistance increase with increasing thickness and porosity. However, the thickness and porosity have opposite influence on diffusion flux, which decreases with increasing GDL thickness but increases with increasing porosity. Unlike the previous research suggesting thin GDL with high porosity, optimal GDL thickness and porosity are found in the present study. The appropriate GDL thicknesses for anode and cathode are 80–120 μm and 140–170 μm respectively while the optimal value for GDL porosity is 35–45%. This study clearly demonstrates that we can further achieve a performance increment of 7.7% by carefully controlling the thickness and porosity of GDL.
Lingchao Xia; Meng Ni; Qijiao He; Qidong Xu; Chun Cheng. Optimization of gas diffusion layer in high temperature PEMFC with the focuses on thickness and porosity. Applied Energy 2021, 300, 117357 .
AMA StyleLingchao Xia, Meng Ni, Qijiao He, Qidong Xu, Chun Cheng. Optimization of gas diffusion layer in high temperature PEMFC with the focuses on thickness and porosity. Applied Energy. 2021; 300 ():117357.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLingchao Xia; Meng Ni; Qijiao He; Qidong Xu; Chun Cheng. 2021. "Optimization of gas diffusion layer in high temperature PEMFC with the focuses on thickness and porosity." Applied Energy 300, no. : 117357.
Photocatalytic oxidation has been widely investigated and applied to perform degradation of organic pollutants in water and air. In recent technological advancement, photocatalysis (PC) is integrated into fuel cell (FC) to form photocatalytic fuel cell (PFC) for simultaneous wastewater treatment and production of electricity. In the PFC mechanisms, the organic pollutant, acting as a fuel in the fuel cell component, is decomposed upon light activation at the photoanode and the flow of photoexcited electrons is driven by the potential difference between the two electrodes. Thus, unwanted electron-hole recombination is effectively inhibited, resulting in enhanced PC activity. In other words, the chemical energy stored in the organic pollutant is recovered and converted into useful electricity during the wastewater treatment process. The photoelectrochemical technology can also be implemented for hydrogen generation and carbon dioxide reduction. Various strategies have been investigated for improving the PFC mechanisms through better visible-light photoelectrodes, innovative cell designs, dual-photoelectrode setup, as well as optimal control. In this review, the fundamentals and technological development of PFC will be discussed with special attention to novel cell configurations. With better knowledge and understanding of the PFC, we can identify promising research directions to further develop the PFC technologies.
Yun He; Keda Chen; Michael K.H. Leung; Yizhen Zhang; Li Li; Guisheng Li; Jin Xuan; Jianfen Li. Photocatalytic fuel cell – A review. Chemical Engineering Journal 2021, 428, 131074 .
AMA StyleYun He, Keda Chen, Michael K.H. Leung, Yizhen Zhang, Li Li, Guisheng Li, Jin Xuan, Jianfen Li. Photocatalytic fuel cell – A review. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2021; 428 ():131074.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYun He; Keda Chen; Michael K.H. Leung; Yizhen Zhang; Li Li; Guisheng Li; Jin Xuan; Jianfen Li. 2021. "Photocatalytic fuel cell – A review." Chemical Engineering Journal 428, no. : 131074.
The low-grade waste heat generated by the perovskite solar cells (PSCs) during the photoelectric conversion process will increase the temperature and the efficiency of PSCs. In the present work, the waste heat from PSC is recovered by integrating a series of thermally regenerative electrochemical cycles (TRECs) with PSC to achieve energy cascade utilization and improve solar energy utilization. Based on the theories of conservation laws, electrochemistry, and thermodynamics, the formulas for the overall power generation and efficiency of the coupled system are derived. First, the performance characteristics of three special circuit states of open circuit of TRECs, open circuit of PSC, and series of electrical circuit of PSC-TRECs are studied to determine the maximum efficiency and optimal conditions. Second, the optimum performances of PSC and TRECs that generate electricity independently are studied, and a maximum efficiency of 24.9% is obtained by numerical simulation. The proposed coupled system offers a new route for recycling of PSC's low-grade thermal energy.
Tianjun Liao; Chun Cheng; Yawen Dai; Qijiao He; Qidong Xu; Meng Ni. Coupled and optimized properties of a hybrid system integrating electrochemical cycles with perovskite solar cell. International Journal of Energy Research 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleTianjun Liao, Chun Cheng, Yawen Dai, Qijiao He, Qidong Xu, Meng Ni. Coupled and optimized properties of a hybrid system integrating electrochemical cycles with perovskite solar cell. International Journal of Energy Research. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTianjun Liao; Chun Cheng; Yawen Dai; Qijiao He; Qidong Xu; Meng Ni. 2021. "Coupled and optimized properties of a hybrid system integrating electrochemical cycles with perovskite solar cell." International Journal of Energy Research , no. : 1.
Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) have the potential to replace conventional thermal power plants due to their high efficiency and low emission. As the activation loss of the cathode usually limits the SOFC performance, the development of high-performance and durable cathode materials has received extensive attention in the past few decades. It is therefore essential to keep track of the research progress to identify significant research gaps and future directions. In this study, we retrieved the bibliometric data of 1101 cutting-edge research articles focused on cathode development for SOFCs and conducted a scientometric review. Even though significant research in cathode development for intermediate to low temperature SOFCs started in the 1990s, significant growth in the research output appeared in the year 2000 and remarkably continued till 2010 before exhibiting a sinusoidal pattern. Overall, there is a record of average decadal progress in this research area. We found that only a small percentage of countries in the world (i.e., about 29%) are involved in the research for the development of intermediate to low temperature SOFC cathodes. A highlight of core assessment criteria for cathode developments is presented with a summary of the most recent articles (i.e., including those in 2021). This paper can help early-stage researchers, journal outlets, governments, funding authorities, and investors understand the current progress in this area and how close researchers are to a breakthrough that could lead to the commercialization of this emerging technology.
Idris Temitope Bello; Shuo Zhai; Qijiao He; Qidong Xu; Meng Ni. Scientometric review of advancements in the development of high-performance cathode for low and intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells: Three decades in retrospect. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleIdris Temitope Bello, Shuo Zhai, Qijiao He, Qidong Xu, Meng Ni. Scientometric review of advancements in the development of high-performance cathode for low and intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells: Three decades in retrospect. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIdris Temitope Bello; Shuo Zhai; Qijiao He; Qidong Xu; Meng Ni. 2021. "Scientometric review of advancements in the development of high-performance cathode for low and intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells: Three decades in retrospect." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy , no. : 1.
The zinc-air flow battery demonstrates a bright prospect as the next-generation large-scale energy storage devices. Compared with conventional static zinc-air batteries, the electrochemical performance can be significantly improved, whereas the intrinsic mechanism is still unclear. Herein, the mechanism of the discharge performance improvement from the flowing electrolyte is systematically investigated by combining experimental and modeling methods. The experimental results demonstrate that the flowing electrolyte has an apparent effect on the discharge polarization performance, especially on the concentration polarization region. Compared with the static condition, the peak power density is improved by ~10% to 136 mW cm−2 at a flow rate of 5 mL min−1. Further numerical calculations reveal that this enhancement mainly comes from the transfer enhancement of hydroxide ions caused by the flowing electrolyte. Besides, the specific discharge capacity is improved from 623 to 767 mAh gZn−1 due to the alleviation of zinc oxide passivation in the presence of flowing electrolyte. Therefore, the performance improvement in zinc-air flow batteries is attributed to the enhanced transport of hydroxide and zincate ions rather than oxygen. The revealed mechanism can serve as the basis to design proper flow field and battery structure, and promote zinc-air flow batteries toward practical applications.
Wentao Yu; Wenxu Shang; Xu Xiao; Yanyi Ma; Ziqi Chen; Bin Chen; Haoran Xu; Meng Ni; Peng Tan. Elucidating the mechanism of discharge performance improvement in zinc-air flow batteries: A combination of experimental and modeling investigations. Journal of Energy Storage 2021, 40, 102779 .
AMA StyleWentao Yu, Wenxu Shang, Xu Xiao, Yanyi Ma, Ziqi Chen, Bin Chen, Haoran Xu, Meng Ni, Peng Tan. Elucidating the mechanism of discharge performance improvement in zinc-air flow batteries: A combination of experimental and modeling investigations. Journal of Energy Storage. 2021; 40 ():102779.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWentao Yu; Wenxu Shang; Xu Xiao; Yanyi Ma; Ziqi Chen; Bin Chen; Haoran Xu; Meng Ni; Peng Tan. 2021. "Elucidating the mechanism of discharge performance improvement in zinc-air flow batteries: A combination of experimental and modeling investigations." Journal of Energy Storage 40, no. : 102779.
This paper proposed an innovative thermal management framework and its control strategies for the cooling loop of electric drive to achieve a more refined thermal management. To investigate the performance of this method used in EVs, the proposed innovative framework model and the conventional framework of the cooling loop of electric drive were developed in KULI based on the heating principle and heat transfer theory. And the rule-based control strategies were established in MATLAB/Simulink, which was set as a controller to regulate fan, pump and proportional valve. Then, the cooling performance and the energy consumption of the two frameworks were compared through co-simulation under steady-state and transient conditions of high temperature. The results showed that this method has a better performance in temperature control of key components (exit temperature of motor is reduced by at least 5.0 °C under 3 steady-stage simulation conditions) and improved efficiency of the pump (from 6.4% to 10.1% in mode 1, from 15.2% to 23.6% in mode 2, and from 21.4% to 36.8% in mode 3), which is useful to achieve long lifetime and high efficiency of electric vehicles.
Dongjun Li; Caizhi Zhang; Ruijia Fan; Lei Xu; Yi Wang; Wenjun Guo; Jinrui Chen; Meng Ni. An innovative thermal management method for cooling loop of electric driving system for durable and high efficiency electric vehicle. Applied Thermal Engineering 2021, 195, 117176 .
AMA StyleDongjun Li, Caizhi Zhang, Ruijia Fan, Lei Xu, Yi Wang, Wenjun Guo, Jinrui Chen, Meng Ni. An innovative thermal management method for cooling loop of electric driving system for durable and high efficiency electric vehicle. Applied Thermal Engineering. 2021; 195 ():117176.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDongjun Li; Caizhi Zhang; Ruijia Fan; Lei Xu; Yi Wang; Wenjun Guo; Jinrui Chen; Meng Ni. 2021. "An innovative thermal management method for cooling loop of electric driving system for durable and high efficiency electric vehicle." Applied Thermal Engineering 195, no. : 117176.
Rongrong Wan; Meng Ni. Sustainable water–energy–environment nexus. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, 28, 40049 -40052.
AMA StyleRongrong Wan, Meng Ni. Sustainable water–energy–environment nexus. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; 28 (30):40049-40052.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRongrong Wan; Meng Ni. 2021. "Sustainable water–energy–environment nexus." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, no. 30: 40049-40052.
Several frameworks are introduced to address occupancy-based building performance. However, the performance predictions obtained using these frameworks deviate from real performance. So, this study’s aim is to represent a new framework for the automatic assessment of occupants’ comfort and building indoor performance using BIM and the SD-ABM platform. Initially, an office space in Hong Kong, consisting of 10 occupants, was considered for the BIM model construction. The occupancy, indoor data and required equations are defined using the SD-ABM model. Essential data from the BIM model can be transferred using the Dynamo-Excel platform. Furthermore, a validation study was conducted using a paper-based survey from the occupants and sensor data for environmental data monitoring while error metrics were also calculated. The framework actively predicts occupant presence, comfort level, temperatures, and CO2 concentration in the office space. However, a comprehensive usability and feasibility study is required to assess the efficiency of the framework.
M.N. Uddin; Q. Wang; Hsi Hsien Wei; Hung Lin Chi; Meng Ni. Building information modeling (BIM), System dynamics (SD), and Agent-based modeling (ABM): Towards an integrated approach. Ain Shams Engineering Journal 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleM.N. Uddin, Q. Wang, Hsi Hsien Wei, Hung Lin Chi, Meng Ni. Building information modeling (BIM), System dynamics (SD), and Agent-based modeling (ABM): Towards an integrated approach. Ain Shams Engineering Journal. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM.N. Uddin; Q. Wang; Hsi Hsien Wei; Hung Lin Chi; Meng Ni. 2021. "Building information modeling (BIM), System dynamics (SD), and Agent-based modeling (ABM): Towards an integrated approach." Ain Shams Engineering Journal , no. : 1.
The thickness of catalyst layer (CL) determines the electrochemical performance and the cost of high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC). However, various values (e.g. 100 μm, 50 μm, 10 μm) of CL thickness are reported in the previous studies. To identify the optimal CL thickness to reduce the PEMFC cost without sacrificing the electrochemical performance, it is necessary to first identify the effective reaction thickness (ERT) of both anode and cathode. A numerical non-isothermal 3D model was developed considering the activation loss, concentration loss and ohmic loss at two electrodes, respectively. After model validation, parametric analyses were performed to investigate the effects of temperature, working voltage and flow rate on the performance of the fuel cell, especially on ERT. It is found that the ERT increases with increasing temperature. The working voltage and the cathode flow rate have opposite influences on the ERT of the two electrodes. The ERT highly depends on the ratio of activation loss and concentration loss (ηact+ηconc) to ohmic loss ηohmic. Considering the utilization rate of the catalyst and cell performance, the appropriate CL thicknesses for anode and cathode electrode are 10–17 μm and 15–30 μm, respectively. This study clearly demonstrates that we can reduce the CL cost and maintain high fuel cell performance by carefully controlling the thickness of CL.
Lingchao Xia; Meng Ni; Qidong Xu; Haoran Xu; Keqing Zheng. Optimization of catalyst layer thickness for achieving high performance and low cost of high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell. Applied Energy 2021, 294, 117012 .
AMA StyleLingchao Xia, Meng Ni, Qidong Xu, Haoran Xu, Keqing Zheng. Optimization of catalyst layer thickness for achieving high performance and low cost of high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell. Applied Energy. 2021; 294 ():117012.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLingchao Xia; Meng Ni; Qidong Xu; Haoran Xu; Keqing Zheng. 2021. "Optimization of catalyst layer thickness for achieving high performance and low cost of high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell." Applied Energy 294, no. : 117012.
The rib size is a critical engineering design parameter for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) stack development, yet it hasn't been studied for HT-PEMFC. A three-dimensional, non-isothermal model was developed in this work to investigate the effect of channel to rib width ratios (CRWR) on the performance of HT-PEMFC. The reaction heat caused by entropy change was divided into cathodic half-reaction heat and anodic half-reaction heat. The results show that the ratio value significantly influence the gas diffusion, electron conduction and the distribution of current density in the porous electrodes. Increasing this ratio facilitates gas transport in the porous electrode but causes higher ohmic loss due to longer distance for electron conduction. As a result, an optimal ratio of about 1 is observed, which results in a peak power density of 0.428 W/cm2. High current density is observed under the channel with a small ratio value while a high ratio value would cause high current density to appear under the rib, signifying the rib size effect on electrochemical behavior of HT-PEMFC. Apart from the electrical power output, the CRWR value also greatly influences the fluid flow and temperature distribution inside the cell, which would influence the long-term stability of HT-PEMFC. In the subsequent studies, efforts will be made to develop new stack configurations with more uniform gas distribution, short electron conduction path and low temperature gradient.
Lingchao Xia; Qidong Xu; Qijiao He; Meng Ni; Meng Seng. Numerical study of high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) with a focus on rib design. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleLingchao Xia, Qidong Xu, Qijiao He, Meng Ni, Meng Seng. Numerical study of high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) with a focus on rib design. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLingchao Xia; Qidong Xu; Qijiao He; Meng Ni; Meng Seng. 2021. "Numerical study of high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) with a focus on rib design." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy , no. : 1.
Development of noble-metal-free materials with remarkable electrocatalytic water-splitting performance in acidic or neutral media has sparked considerable attention in recent years. Herein, we review the latest research on design and fabrication of precious-metal-free catalytic materials for overall water electrolysis in non-alkaline environment, especially highlighting several optimizing approaches to enhance the catalytic behavior and to realize effective bifunctional electrocatalysts. All these involved noble-metal-free electrocatalysts are classified into transition-metal oxides (TMOs), transition-metal nitrides (TMNs), transition-metal carbides (TMCs), transition-metal phosphides (TMPs), transition-metal chalcogenides, metal complexes, and metal-free carbons, as shown in the main part. Besides, the paper also offers an introduction of the fundamental electrochemistry of water splitting before entering the subject, as well as a prospective discussion on mechanism understanding, novel catalysts fabrication, and standardized performance measurements/evaluation in the last section.
Jie Yu; Yawen Dai; Qijiao He; Dongqi Zhao; Zongping Shao; Meng Ni. A mini-review of noble-metal-free electrocatalysts for overall water splitting in non-alkaline electrolytes. Materials Reports: Energy 2021, 1, 100024 .
AMA StyleJie Yu, Yawen Dai, Qijiao He, Dongqi Zhao, Zongping Shao, Meng Ni. A mini-review of noble-metal-free electrocatalysts for overall water splitting in non-alkaline electrolytes. Materials Reports: Energy. 2021; 1 (2):100024.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJie Yu; Yawen Dai; Qijiao He; Dongqi Zhao; Zongping Shao; Meng Ni. 2021. "A mini-review of noble-metal-free electrocatalysts for overall water splitting in non-alkaline electrolytes." Materials Reports: Energy 1, no. 2: 100024.
Methanol is a promising fuel for the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) due to its easy storage and transportation compared with hydrogen. As no thermo-electrochemical modelling study has been conducted on methanol-fuelled SOFC, a 2D model is developed to simulate the methanol decomposition reaction, water gas shift reaction, electrochemical reactions, heat and mass transfer processes in the methanol-fuelled SOFC. After model validation, parametric simulations are performed to investigate the effects of the operating potential, steam to carbon ratio, the inlet temperature and fuel/air flow rates on the performance of SOFCs. At 1073 K, the peak power density of methanol-fuelled SOFC is higher than 10000 W m−2 with the steam to carbon ratio of 1. In addition, the temperature distribution in SOFC could be remarkably affected by the working conditions due to the chemical/electrochemical reactions and overpotential losses. Large temperature variation (nearly 180 K) between the inlet and outlet of the SOFC is observed mainly due to greatly improved current density at low operating potential. Also, temperature reduction can be achieved by increasing the steam to carbon ratio and gas flow rates (higher than 170 SCCM for air and 0.1 ml min−1 for fuel mixture, respectively), which could improve the long-term stability from the perspective of the thermal stress but inevitably lower the efficiency of the SOFC. Meanwhile, higher inlet temperature not only enhances the power output, but improves the uniformity of the cell temperature distribution. Overall, the investigations of the present study could serve as a solid guidance to understand the thermal characteristics of solid oxide fuel cells running on mixture of the steam and methanol.
Qidong Xu; Lingchao Xia; Qijiao He; Zengjia Guo; Meng Ni. Thermo-electrochemical modelling of high temperature methanol-fuelled solid oxide fuel cells. Applied Energy 2021, 291, 116832 .
AMA StyleQidong Xu, Lingchao Xia, Qijiao He, Zengjia Guo, Meng Ni. Thermo-electrochemical modelling of high temperature methanol-fuelled solid oxide fuel cells. Applied Energy. 2021; 291 ():116832.
Chicago/Turabian StyleQidong Xu; Lingchao Xia; Qijiao He; Zengjia Guo; Meng Ni. 2021. "Thermo-electrochemical modelling of high temperature methanol-fuelled solid oxide fuel cells." Applied Energy 291, no. : 116832.
Human body contains various biomechanical energy, which emerges as a pervasive and sustainable energy resource for wearable electronics in the era of Internet of Things. We have developed a fluorinated polymer sponge based triboelectric nanogenerator (FPS-TENG) that provides stable electrical output over a wide range of ambient humidity. The humidity resistance due to excellent hydrophobic property of the fluorinated polymer sponge can overcome the adverse effects of moisture. The FPS-TENG also exhibits high durability even after enduring heavy abrasion. The output voltage of the FPS-TENG is three times higher than that of the pristine polymer film (PPF) based TENG. When assembled with hydrophobic copper (HC) contact electrodes, the FPS-TENG retains almost 90% electrical output over 20–85% relative humidity. Moreover, super durability is achieved by quasi-bulk-phase functionalization. After 1 mm-thickness abrasion of the fluorinated polymer sponge, the output voltage is degraded by only 10%. Under the optimal operating conditions, the FPS-TENG delivers a maximum power density of 0.89 W m−2 at a load resistance of 10 MΩ. The fluorination enhanced triboelectrification and the surface superhydrophobicity induced humidity-stability make the FPS-TENG a sustainable power source for the wearable bioelectronics in the era of Internet of Things.
Zehua Peng; Jian Song; Yuan Gao; Jin Liu; Ching Lee; Guorui Chen; Zuankai Wang; Jun Chen; Michael K.H. Leung. A fluorinated polymer sponge with superhydrophobicity for high-performance biomechanical energy harvesting. Nano Energy 2021, 85, 106021 .
AMA StyleZehua Peng, Jian Song, Yuan Gao, Jin Liu, Ching Lee, Guorui Chen, Zuankai Wang, Jun Chen, Michael K.H. Leung. A fluorinated polymer sponge with superhydrophobicity for high-performance biomechanical energy harvesting. Nano Energy. 2021; 85 ():106021.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZehua Peng; Jian Song; Yuan Gao; Jin Liu; Ching Lee; Guorui Chen; Zuankai Wang; Jun Chen; Michael K.H. Leung. 2021. "A fluorinated polymer sponge with superhydrophobicity for high-performance biomechanical energy harvesting." Nano Energy 85, no. : 106021.
With the rapid expansion of the electric vehicle market, the demand for advanced energy storage technologies is increasing strongly. An alkaline hybrid zinc battery with cobalt oxide as the positive electrode material combines the advantages of the high working voltage of Zn–Co batteries and the excellent discharge capacity of Zn–air batteries simultaneously. However, the development of hybrid zinc batteries is limited by their low energy efficiency and poor cycling stability. To investigate the charge–discharge behaviors of hybrid zinc batteries, a mathematical model is established, coupling the mass transport inside the porous electrode with energy conversion. Then, the effects of discharge depth, reaction interfaces, and active material degradation on energy efficiency are investigated through numerical analysis. It is found that within a proper region, the higher ratio of two-phase and three-phase interfaces can lead to higher energy efficiency, and the increase of the two-phase interfaces is beneficial for improving energy efficiency. While the effects of active material degradation on energy efficiency are significant, resulting in poor cycling stability. This work is favorable for the design of interfaces and the selection of operating conditions, and guides the performance improvement of hybrid zinc batteries.
Yanyi Ma; Wentao Yu; Wenxu Shang; Xu Xiao; Yawen Dai; Chun Cheng; Meng Ni; Peng Tan. Investigation on the electrochemical performance of hybrid zinc batteries through numerical analysis. Electrochimica Acta 2021, 375, 137967 .
AMA StyleYanyi Ma, Wentao Yu, Wenxu Shang, Xu Xiao, Yawen Dai, Chun Cheng, Meng Ni, Peng Tan. Investigation on the electrochemical performance of hybrid zinc batteries through numerical analysis. Electrochimica Acta. 2021; 375 ():137967.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYanyi Ma; Wentao Yu; Wenxu Shang; Xu Xiao; Yawen Dai; Chun Cheng; Meng Ni; Peng Tan. 2021. "Investigation on the electrochemical performance of hybrid zinc batteries through numerical analysis." Electrochimica Acta 375, no. : 137967.
Electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (e-NRR) is an attractive prospect for ammonia production under mild conditions using renewable energy. However, developing efficient and stable electrocatalysts for driving e-NRR remains a great challenge. Herein, inspired by the biological nitrogen fixation via active Mo-nitrogenase, molybdenum carbide on N-doped porous carbon (Mo2C/NC) derived from Mo/Zn-ZIFs was developed for the first time, as an efficient e-NRR electrocatalyst under ambient conditions. In 0.1 M Na2SO4 electrolyte, the Mo2C/NC catalyst achieved a maximum NH3 yield rate of 70.6 μmol h−1 gcat.−1 and a faradaic efficiency of 12.3% at −0.2 V vs. RHE. Additionally, Mo2C/NC displayed favorable electrochemical selectivity and durability during the longtime electrolysis, attributed to the structural and electrochemical stability of Mo2C and ZIFs-derived carbon framework. This work provides new perspectives upon metal carbides and their compounds as catalysts for efficient e-NRR.
Yizhen Zhang; Jue Hu; Chengxu Zhang; Altair T.F. Cheung; Yue Zhang; Lifen Liu; Michael K.H. Leung. Mo2C embedded on nitrogen-doped carbon toward electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction to ammonia under ambient conditions. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleYizhen Zhang, Jue Hu, Chengxu Zhang, Altair T.F. Cheung, Yue Zhang, Lifen Liu, Michael K.H. Leung. Mo2C embedded on nitrogen-doped carbon toward electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction to ammonia under ambient conditions. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYizhen Zhang; Jue Hu; Chengxu Zhang; Altair T.F. Cheung; Yue Zhang; Lifen Liu; Michael K.H. Leung. 2021. "Mo2C embedded on nitrogen-doped carbon toward electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction to ammonia under ambient conditions." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy , no. : 1.
Advanced efficient energy conversion technology using clean alternative fuel contributes to the alleviation of the energy crisis and environmental deterioration. In this situation, a novel methanol utilization technology for power generation based on hybrid fuel cell system is proposed in this work. The hybrid system consists of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), a gas processing unit (GP) and a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). Thermodynamic analysis of the system shows that the energy conversion efficiency and exergy efficiency are both higher than the previously reported standalone or hybrid energy systems using methanol as fuel, which are 66.2% and 54.2% respectively. Besides, no recirculation ratio of anode off-gas and moderate fuel utilization of about 0.5 are suggested for the SOFC component to balance the power distribution and improve the efficiency. Afterwards, this hybrid fuel cell system is also investigated from thermo-economic and techno-economic perspectives. Take Northwest China as a case, the 1 MWe methanol-fed power plant has a specific electric energy cost of 0.5594 CNY/kWh, much lower than the methanol steam reforming-PEMFC power plant (2.4 CNY/kWh). At the same time, the sensitivity analyses reveal that the cost of the hybrid power system is not sensitive to the market price fluctuation. With financial subsidies for existing renewable power plants, the payback period can be shortened to 1.4 year and the annual return on investment is about 3.58%. These results reveal that this two-stage fuel cell hybrid system is a kind of efficient and economically methanol to power conversion technology, especially for small power scale.
Zhen Wu; Pengfei Zhu; Jing Yao; Sandra Kurko; Jianwei Ren; Peng Tan; Haoran Xu; Zaoxiao Zhang; Meng Ni. Methanol to power through high-efficiency hybrid fuel cell system: Thermodynamic, thermo-economic, and techno-economic (3T) analyses in Northwest China. Energy Conversion and Management 2021, 232, 113899 .
AMA StyleZhen Wu, Pengfei Zhu, Jing Yao, Sandra Kurko, Jianwei Ren, Peng Tan, Haoran Xu, Zaoxiao Zhang, Meng Ni. Methanol to power through high-efficiency hybrid fuel cell system: Thermodynamic, thermo-economic, and techno-economic (3T) analyses in Northwest China. Energy Conversion and Management. 2021; 232 ():113899.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhen Wu; Pengfei Zhu; Jing Yao; Sandra Kurko; Jianwei Ren; Peng Tan; Haoran Xu; Zaoxiao Zhang; Meng Ni. 2021. "Methanol to power through high-efficiency hybrid fuel cell system: Thermodynamic, thermo-economic, and techno-economic (3T) analyses in Northwest China." Energy Conversion and Management 232, no. : 113899.
Better mass transfer, more uniform temperature distribution, small pressure drop, and improved electrochemical performance can be achieved by designing better flow field in PEM fuel cells. In this paper, based on the concept of a sinusoidal rib, two kinds of discontinuous ribs: S-shaped rib and crescent rib, are proposed and introduced into the flow channels of a PEM fuel cell. Results show that the proposed ribs improve the flow field, and the local convection effect becomes stronger due to the velocity field changes. Moreover, a better distribution of O2 concentration is obtained from the better flow pattern, resulting in an improvement of the electrochemical rate and an increase of the temperature. The pressure drop is effectively reduced, and the electrochemical efficiency is improved by up to 23.61% in the condition of high current density, compared to those of the baseline sinusoidal ribbed flow field.
Pengcheng Dong; Gongnan Xie; Meng Ni. Improved energy performance of a PEM fuel cell by introducing discontinuous S-shaped and crescent ribs into flowing channels. Energy 2021, 222, 119920 .
AMA StylePengcheng Dong, Gongnan Xie, Meng Ni. Improved energy performance of a PEM fuel cell by introducing discontinuous S-shaped and crescent ribs into flowing channels. Energy. 2021; 222 ():119920.
Chicago/Turabian StylePengcheng Dong; Gongnan Xie; Meng Ni. 2021. "Improved energy performance of a PEM fuel cell by introducing discontinuous S-shaped and crescent ribs into flowing channels." Energy 222, no. : 119920.
Energy consumption in buildings depends on several physical factors, including its physical characteristics, various building services systems/appliances used, and the outdoor environment. However, the occupants’ behavior that determines and regulates the building energy conservation also plays a critical role in the buildings’ energy performance. Compared to physical factors, there are relatively fewer studies on occupants’ behavior. This paper reports a systematic review analysis on occupant behavior and different modeling approaches using the Scopus and Science Direct databases. The comprehensive review study focuses on the current understanding of occupant behavior, existing behavior modeling approaches and their limitations, and key influential parameters on building energy conservation. Finally, the study identifies six significant research gaps for future development: occupant-centered space layout deployment; occupant behavior must be understood in the context of developing or low-income economies; there are higher numbers of quantitative occupant behavior studies than qualitative; the extensive use of survey or secondary data and the lack of real data used in model validation; behavior studies are required for diverse categories building; building information modeling (BIM) integration with existing occupant behavior modeling/simulation. These checklists of the gaps are beneficial for researchers to accomplish the future research in the built environment.
Mohammad Nyme Uddin; Hsi-Hsien Wei; Hung Lin Chi; Meng Ni. Influence of Occupant Behavior for Building Energy Conservation: A Systematic Review Study of Diverse Modeling and Simulation Approach. Buildings 2021, 11, 41 .
AMA StyleMohammad Nyme Uddin, Hsi-Hsien Wei, Hung Lin Chi, Meng Ni. Influence of Occupant Behavior for Building Energy Conservation: A Systematic Review Study of Diverse Modeling and Simulation Approach. Buildings. 2021; 11 (2):41.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Nyme Uddin; Hsi-Hsien Wei; Hung Lin Chi; Meng Ni. 2021. "Influence of Occupant Behavior for Building Energy Conservation: A Systematic Review Study of Diverse Modeling and Simulation Approach." Buildings 11, no. 2: 41.
The bimetallic CoMoO4 nanorod electrocatalyst synergistically improved the electrochemical synthesis of ammonia from nitrogen, and is superior to the monometallic counterparts (CoO and MoO3 nanorods).
Yizhen Zhang; Jue Hu; Chengxu Zhang; Qianglong Qi; Shanxiong Luo; Keda Chen; Lifen Liu; Michael K. H. Leung. Electrochemical synthesis of ammonia from nitrogen catalyzed by CoMoO4 nanorods under ambient conditions. Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2021, 9, 5060 -5066.
AMA StyleYizhen Zhang, Jue Hu, Chengxu Zhang, Qianglong Qi, Shanxiong Luo, Keda Chen, Lifen Liu, Michael K. H. Leung. Electrochemical synthesis of ammonia from nitrogen catalyzed by CoMoO4 nanorods under ambient conditions. Journal of Materials Chemistry A. 2021; 9 (8):5060-5066.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYizhen Zhang; Jue Hu; Chengxu Zhang; Qianglong Qi; Shanxiong Luo; Keda Chen; Lifen Liu; Michael K. H. Leung. 2021. "Electrochemical synthesis of ammonia from nitrogen catalyzed by CoMoO4 nanorods under ambient conditions." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 9, no. 8: 5060-5066.