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Prof. Rosita Gabbianelli
School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy

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0 Nutrigenomics
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0 Redox control

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Abstracts
Published: 29 June 2021 in Lifestyle Genomics
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ACS Style

Rosita Gabbianelli. Proceedings of the 4th European Summer School on Nutrigenomics (ESSN 2021), June 21-25, 2021. Lifestyle Genomics 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Rosita Gabbianelli. Proceedings of the 4th European Summer School on Nutrigenomics (ESSN 2021), June 21-25, 2021. Lifestyle Genomics. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rosita Gabbianelli. 2021. "Proceedings of the 4th European Summer School on Nutrigenomics (ESSN 2021), June 21-25, 2021." Lifestyle Genomics , no. : 1.

Research article
Published: 24 June 2021 in The FASEB Journal
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Among cardiovascular disease (CVD) biomarkers, the mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) is a promising candidate. A growing attention has been also dedicated to trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), an oxidative derivative of the gut metabolite trimethylamine (TMA). With the aim to identify biomarkers predictive of CVD, we investigated TMA, TMAO, and mtDNAcn in a population of 389 coronary artery disease (CAD) patients and 151 healthy controls, in association with established risk factors for CVD (sex, age, hypertension, smoking, diabetes, glomerular filtration rate [GFR]) and troponin, an established marker of CAD. MtDNAcn was significantly lower in CAD patients; it correlates with GFR and TMA, but not with TMAO. A biomarker including mtDNAcn, sex, and hypertension (but neither TMA nor TMAO) emerged as a good predictor of CAD. Our findings support the mtDNAcn as a promising plastic biomarker, useful to monitor the exposure to risk factors and the efficacy of preventive interventions for a personalized CAD risk reduction.

ACS Style

Laura Bordoni; Irene Petracci; Iwona Pelikant‐Malecka; Adriana Radulska; Marco Piangerelli; Joanna J. Samulak; Lukasz Lewicki; Leszek Kalinowski; Rosita Gabbianelli; Robert A. Olek. Mitochondrial DNA copy number and trimethylamine levels in the blood: New insights on cardiovascular disease biomarkers. The FASEB Journal 2021, 35, e21694 .

AMA Style

Laura Bordoni, Irene Petracci, Iwona Pelikant‐Malecka, Adriana Radulska, Marco Piangerelli, Joanna J. Samulak, Lukasz Lewicki, Leszek Kalinowski, Rosita Gabbianelli, Robert A. Olek. Mitochondrial DNA copy number and trimethylamine levels in the blood: New insights on cardiovascular disease biomarkers. The FASEB Journal. 2021; 35 (7):e21694.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Laura Bordoni; Irene Petracci; Iwona Pelikant‐Malecka; Adriana Radulska; Marco Piangerelli; Joanna J. Samulak; Lukasz Lewicki; Leszek Kalinowski; Rosita Gabbianelli; Robert A. Olek. 2021. "Mitochondrial DNA copy number and trimethylamine levels in the blood: New insights on cardiovascular disease biomarkers." The FASEB Journal 35, no. 7: e21694.

Review
Published: 22 June 2021 in Antioxidants
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Dietary lipids have a major role in nutrition, not only for their fuel value, but also as essential and bioactive nutrients. This narrative review aims to describe the current evidence on nutrigenomic effects of dietary lipids. Firstly, the different chemical and biological properties of fatty acids contained both in plant- and animal-based food are illustrated. A description of lipid bioavailability, bioaccessibility, and lipotoxicity is provided, together with an overview of the modulatory role of lipids as pro- or anti-inflammatory agents. Current findings concerning the metabolic impact of lipids on gene expression, epigenome, and gut microbiome in animal and human studies are summarized. Finally, the effect of the individual’s genetic make-up on lipid metabolism is described. The main goal is to provide an overview about the interaction between dietary lipids and the genome, by identifying and discussing recent scientific evidence, recognizing strengths and weaknesses, to address future investigations and fill the gaps in the current knowledge on metabolic impact of dietary fats on health.

ACS Style

Laura Bordoni; Irene Petracci; Fanrui Zhao; Weihong Min; Elisa Pierella; Taís Assmann; J Martinez; Rosita Gabbianelli. Nutrigenomics of Dietary Lipids. Antioxidants 2021, 10, 994 .

AMA Style

Laura Bordoni, Irene Petracci, Fanrui Zhao, Weihong Min, Elisa Pierella, Taís Assmann, J Martinez, Rosita Gabbianelli. Nutrigenomics of Dietary Lipids. Antioxidants. 2021; 10 (7):994.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Laura Bordoni; Irene Petracci; Fanrui Zhao; Weihong Min; Elisa Pierella; Taís Assmann; J Martinez; Rosita Gabbianelli. 2021. "Nutrigenomics of Dietary Lipids." Antioxidants 10, no. 7: 994.

Preprint content
Published: 04 January 2021
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Among cardiovascular disease (CVD) biomarkers, the mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) is a promising candidate. A growing attention has been also dedicated to trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), an oxidative derivative of the gut metabolite trimethylamine (TMA). With the aim to identify biomarkers predictive of CVD, we investigated TMA, TMAO and mtDNAcn in a population of 389 coronary artery disease (CAD) patients and 151 healthy controls, in association with established risk factors for CVD (gender, age, hypertension, smoking, diabetes, glomerular filtration rate (GFR)). MtDNAcn was significantly lower in CAD patients and in hypertensive subjects; it correlates with GFR and TMA, but not with TMAO. A biomarker including mtDNAcn, gender, and hypertension (but neither TMA nor TMAO) emerged as a good predictor of CAD. Our findings support the usage of mtDNAcn as a plastic biomarker to monitor the exposure to risk factors and the efficacy of preventive interventions for a personalized CAD risk reduction.Highlights-mtDNAcn measured in whole blood is associated to the cardiovascular health status in humans;-mtDNAcn is reduced in CAD and hypertension, and inversely correlates with GFR;-mtDNA, gender and hypertension together represent a good predictive biomarker for CAD;-TMA metabolism is different in healthy and CAD subjects;-TMA and TMAO are not good predictors of CAD.

ACS Style

Laura Bordoni; Irene Petracci; Iwona Pelikant-Malecka; Adriana Radulska; Marco Piangerelli; Joanna J. Samulak; Lukasz Lewicki; Leszek Kalinowski; Rosita Gabbianelli; Robert A. Olek. Mitochondrial DNA copy number and trimethylamine levels in the blood: new insights on cardiovascular disease biomarkers. 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Laura Bordoni, Irene Petracci, Iwona Pelikant-Malecka, Adriana Radulska, Marco Piangerelli, Joanna J. Samulak, Lukasz Lewicki, Leszek Kalinowski, Rosita Gabbianelli, Robert A. Olek. Mitochondrial DNA copy number and trimethylamine levels in the blood: new insights on cardiovascular disease biomarkers. . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Laura Bordoni; Irene Petracci; Iwona Pelikant-Malecka; Adriana Radulska; Marco Piangerelli; Joanna J. Samulak; Lukasz Lewicki; Leszek Kalinowski; Rosita Gabbianelli; Robert A. Olek. 2021. "Mitochondrial DNA copy number and trimethylamine levels in the blood: new insights on cardiovascular disease biomarkers." , no. : 1.

Review
Published: 08 December 2020 in Biomedicines
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Perinatal life represents a delicate phase of development where stimuli of all sorts, coming to or from the mother, can influence the programming of the future baby’s health. These stimuli may have consequences that persist throughout adulthood. Nuclear receptor related 1 protein (NURR1), a transcription factor with a critical role in the development of the dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain, mediates the response to stressful environmental stimuli in the perinatal period. During pregnancy, low-grade inflammation triggered by maternal obesity, hyperinsulinemia or vaginal infections alters NURR1 expression in human gestational tissues. A similar scenario is triggered by exposure to neurotoxic compounds, which are associated with NURR1 epigenetic deregulation in the offspring, with potential intergenerational effects. Since these alterations have been associated with an increased risk of developing late-onset diseases in children, NURR1, alone, or in combination with other molecular markers, has been proposed as a new prognostic tool and a potential therapeutic target for several pathological conditions. This narrative review describes perinatal stress associated with NURR1 gene deregulation, which is proposed here as a mediator of late-onset consequences of early life events.

ACS Style

Laura Bordoni; Irene Petracci; Jean Calleja-Agius; Joan G. Lalor; Rosita Gabbianelli. NURR1 Alterations in Perinatal Stress: A First Step towards Late-Onset Diseases? A Narrative Review. Biomedicines 2020, 8, 584 .

AMA Style

Laura Bordoni, Irene Petracci, Jean Calleja-Agius, Joan G. Lalor, Rosita Gabbianelli. NURR1 Alterations in Perinatal Stress: A First Step towards Late-Onset Diseases? A Narrative Review. Biomedicines. 2020; 8 (12):584.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Laura Bordoni; Irene Petracci; Jean Calleja-Agius; Joan G. Lalor; Rosita Gabbianelli. 2020. "NURR1 Alterations in Perinatal Stress: A First Step towards Late-Onset Diseases? A Narrative Review." Biomedicines 8, no. 12: 584.

Review article
Published: 11 November 2020 in Food Bioscience
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The characterization of small non-coding RNA (sncRNA) in food has become part of the field of nutrigenomics. Milk contains sncRNA that are protected by extracellular vesicles which makes them resistant to digestive processes and possibly absorbable by the human gut. Due to the high conservation of sncRNA, these molecules might mediate inter-species gene expression regulations, opening numerous applications in the field of human nutrition. These include the modulation of sncRNA milk profile through diet, both in humans and dairy animals, livestock rearing methods, food technology, but also the production of infant formulas or the usage of sncRNA as biomarkers. SncRNA contained in milk might contribute to the elucidation of the long-term effects of milk consumption in the human diet, confirming the application of nutrigenomics in both health promotion and food production areas. The main aim of this review is to introduce this aspect of nutrigenomics, showing both promising aspects and pitfalls.

ACS Style

Laura Bordoni; Rosita Gabbianelli. The neglected nutrigenomics of milk: What is the role of inter-species transfer of small non-coding RNA? Food Bioscience 2020, 39, 100796 .

AMA Style

Laura Bordoni, Rosita Gabbianelli. The neglected nutrigenomics of milk: What is the role of inter-species transfer of small non-coding RNA? Food Bioscience. 2020; 39 ():100796.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Laura Bordoni; Rosita Gabbianelli. 2020. "The neglected nutrigenomics of milk: What is the role of inter-species transfer of small non-coding RNA?" Food Bioscience 39, no. : 100796.

Review
Published: 05 October 2020 in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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It is known and accepted that the gut microbiota composition of an organism has an impact on its health. Many studies deal with this topic, the majority discussing gastrointestinal health. Adenomatous colon polyps have a high prevalence as colon cancer precursors, but in many cases, they are hard to diagnose in their early stages. Gut microbiota composition correlated with the presence of adenomatous colon polyps may be a noninvasive and efficient tool for diagnosis with a high impact on human wellbeing and favorable health care costs. This review is meant to analyze the gut microbiota correlated with the presence of adenomatous colon polyps as the first step for early diagnosis, prophylaxis, and treatment.

ACS Style

Oana Lelia Pop; Dan Cristian Vodnar; Zorita Diaconeasa; Magdalena Istrati; Adriana Bințințan; Vasile Virgil Bințințan; Ramona Suharoschi; Rosita Gabbianelli. An Overview of Gut Microbiota and Colon Diseases with a Focus on Adenomatous Colon Polyps. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020, 21, 7359 .

AMA Style

Oana Lelia Pop, Dan Cristian Vodnar, Zorita Diaconeasa, Magdalena Istrati, Adriana Bințințan, Vasile Virgil Bințințan, Ramona Suharoschi, Rosita Gabbianelli. An Overview of Gut Microbiota and Colon Diseases with a Focus on Adenomatous Colon Polyps. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21 (19):7359.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Oana Lelia Pop; Dan Cristian Vodnar; Zorita Diaconeasa; Magdalena Istrati; Adriana Bințințan; Vasile Virgil Bințințan; Ramona Suharoschi; Rosita Gabbianelli. 2020. "An Overview of Gut Microbiota and Colon Diseases with a Focus on Adenomatous Colon Polyps." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 19: 7359.

Review
Published: 17 August 2020 in Antioxidants
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The maintenance of the mitochondrial function is essential in preventing and counteracting neurodegeneration. In particular, mitochondria of neuronal cells play a pivotal role in sustaining the high energetic metabolism of these cells and are especially prone to oxidative damage. Since overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration, dietary antioxidants have been suggested to counteract the detrimental effects of ROS and to preserve the mitochondrial function, thus slowing the progression and limiting the extent of neuronal cell loss in neurodegenerative disorders. In addition to their role in the redox-system homeostasis, mitochondria are unique organelles in that they contain their own genome (mtDNA), which acts at the interface between environmental exposures and the molecular triggers of neurodegeneration. Indeed, it has been demonstrated that mtDNA (including both genetics and, from recent evidence, epigenetics) might play relevant roles in modulating the risk for neurodegenerative disorders. This mini-review describes the link between the mitochondrial genome and cellular oxidative status, with a particular focus on neurodegeneration; moreover, it provides an overview on potential beneficial effects of antioxidants in preserving mitochondrial functions through the protection of mtDNA.

ACS Style

Laura Bordoni; Rosita Gabbianelli. Mitochondrial DNA and Neurodegeneration: Any Role for Dietary Antioxidants? Antioxidants 2020, 9, 764 .

AMA Style

Laura Bordoni, Rosita Gabbianelli. Mitochondrial DNA and Neurodegeneration: Any Role for Dietary Antioxidants? Antioxidants. 2020; 9 (8):764.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Laura Bordoni; Rosita Gabbianelli. 2020. "Mitochondrial DNA and Neurodegeneration: Any Role for Dietary Antioxidants?" Antioxidants 9, no. 8: 764.

Journal article
Published: 23 July 2020 in Biomedicines
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Gender differences in the burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) have been observed worldwide. In this study, plasmatic levels of trimethylamine (TMA) and blood oxidative biomarkers have been evaluated in 358 men (89 controls and 269 CVD patients) and 189 women (64 control and 125 CVD patients). The fluorescence technique was applied to determine erythrocyte membrane fluidity using 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) and Laurdan, while lipid hydroperoxides were assessed by diphenyl−1-pyrenylphosphine (DPPP). Results show that levels of plasmatic TMA were higher in healthy men with respect to healthy women (p = 0.0001). Significantly lower TMA was observed in male CVD patients (0.609 ± 0.104 μM) compared to healthy male controls (0.680 ± 0.118 μM) (p < 0.001), while higher levels of TMA were measured in female CVD patients (0.595 ± 0.115 μM) with respect to female controls (0.529 ± 0.073 μM) (p < 0.001). DPPP was significantly higher in healthy control men than in women (p < 0.001). Male CVD patients displayed a lower value of DPPP (2777 ± 1924) compared to healthy controls (5528 ± 2222) (p < 0.001), while no significant changes were measured in females with or without CVD (p > 0.05). Membrane fluidity was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in the hydrophobic bilayer only in control male subjects. In conclusion, gender differences were observed in blood oxidative biomarkers, and DPPP value might be suggested as a biomarker predictive of CVD only in men.

ACS Style

Laura Bordoni; Donatella Fedeli; Marco Piangerelli; Iwona Pelikant-Malecka; Adrianna Radulska; Joanna J. Samulak; Angelika K. Sawicka; Lukasz Lewicki; Leszek Kalinowski; Robert A. Olek; Rosita Gabbianelli. Gender-Related Differences in Trimethylamine and Oxidative Blood Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Disease Patients. Biomedicines 2020, 8, 238 .

AMA Style

Laura Bordoni, Donatella Fedeli, Marco Piangerelli, Iwona Pelikant-Malecka, Adrianna Radulska, Joanna J. Samulak, Angelika K. Sawicka, Lukasz Lewicki, Leszek Kalinowski, Robert A. Olek, Rosita Gabbianelli. Gender-Related Differences in Trimethylamine and Oxidative Blood Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Disease Patients. Biomedicines. 2020; 8 (8):238.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Laura Bordoni; Donatella Fedeli; Marco Piangerelli; Iwona Pelikant-Malecka; Adrianna Radulska; Joanna J. Samulak; Angelika K. Sawicka; Lukasz Lewicki; Leszek Kalinowski; Robert A. Olek; Rosita Gabbianelli. 2020. "Gender-Related Differences in Trimethylamine and Oxidative Blood Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Disease Patients." Biomedicines 8, no. 8: 238.

Review
Published: 16 July 2020 in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Maternal lifestyle is an important factor in the programming of an infant’s epigenome, in particular when considered alongside the mode of birth and choice of feeding method (i.e., breastfeeding or formula feeding). Beginning in utero, and during the first two years of an infant’s life, cells acquire an epigenetic memory of the neonatal exposome which can be influential across the entire lifespan. Parental lifestyle (e.g., malnutrition, alcohol intake, smoke, stress, exposure to xenobiotics and/or drugs) can modify both the maternal and paternal epigenome, leading to epigenetic inheritance in their offspring. This review aims to outline the origin of early life modulation of the epigenome, and to share this fundamental concept with all the health care professionals involved in the development and provision of care during childbirth in order to inform future parents and clinicians of the importance of the this process and the key role it plays in the programming of a child’s health.

ACS Style

Rosita Gabbianelli; Laura Bordoni; Sandra Morano; Jean Calleja-Agius; Joan G. Lalor. Nutri-Epigenetics and Gut Microbiota: How Birth Care, Bonding and Breastfeeding Can Influence and Be Influenced? International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020, 21, 5032 .

AMA Style

Rosita Gabbianelli, Laura Bordoni, Sandra Morano, Jean Calleja-Agius, Joan G. Lalor. Nutri-Epigenetics and Gut Microbiota: How Birth Care, Bonding and Breastfeeding Can Influence and Be Influenced? International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21 (14):5032.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rosita Gabbianelli; Laura Bordoni; Sandra Morano; Jean Calleja-Agius; Joan G. Lalor. 2020. "Nutri-Epigenetics and Gut Microbiota: How Birth Care, Bonding and Breastfeeding Can Influence and Be Influenced?" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 14: 5032.

Review
Published: 07 June 2020 in Antioxidants
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Physical activity represents a powerful tool to achieve optimal health. The overall activation of several molecular pathways is associated with many beneficial effects, mainly converging towards a reduced systemic inflammation. Not surprisingly, regular activity can contribute to lowering the “epigenetic age”, acting as a modulator of risk toward several diseases and enhancing longevity. Behind this, there are complex molecular mechanisms induced by exercise, which modulate gene expression, also through epigenetic modifications. The exercise-induced epigenetic imprint can be transient or permanent and contributes to the muscle memory, which allows the skeletal muscle adaptation to environmental stimuli previously encountered. Nutrition, through key macro- and micronutrients with antioxidant properties, can play an important role in supporting skeletal muscle trophism and those molecular pathways triggering the beneficial effects of physical activity. Nutrients and antioxidant food components, reversibly altering the epigenetic imprint, have a big impact on the phenotype. This assigns a role of primary importance to nutri(epi)genomics, not only in optimizing physical performance, but also in promoting long term health. The crosstalk between physical activity and nutrition represents a major environmental pressure able to shape human genotypes and phenotypes, thus, choosing the right combination of lifestyle factors ensures health and longevity.

ACS Style

Irene Petracci; Rosita Gabbianelli; Laura Bordoni. The Role of Nutri(epi)genomics in Achieving the Body’s Full Potential in Physical Activity. Antioxidants 2020, 9, 498 .

AMA Style

Irene Petracci, Rosita Gabbianelli, Laura Bordoni. The Role of Nutri(epi)genomics in Achieving the Body’s Full Potential in Physical Activity. Antioxidants. 2020; 9 (6):498.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Irene Petracci; Rosita Gabbianelli; Laura Bordoni. 2020. "The Role of Nutri(epi)genomics in Achieving the Body’s Full Potential in Physical Activity." Antioxidants 9, no. 6: 498.

Journal article
Published: 17 April 2020 in Antioxidants
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Chemical and sensory peculiarities of monovarietal extra virgin olive oils (MEVOOs) from the cultivars (cvs.) Ascolana tenera (ASC), Coroncina (COR), Mignola (MIG), Piantone di Mogliano (MOG), and Raggia (RAG) from Marche region (Italy) are investigated. Their polar phenolic substances and α-tocopherol are analysed through high performance liquid chromatography with different detectors. Volatile substances, fatty acid composition, and squalene are analysed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) and to the flame ionization detector, respectively. Total antioxidant activity and sensory analysis were also performed. MOG showed high squalene content (on average 0.88 ± 0.16 g/100 g), high relative amount of α-copaene among volatiles, and the highest oleic acid percentage. MIG had high α-tocopherol content (on average 350.0 ± 57.6 mg kg−1) and high α-farnesene in the volatile fraction. ASC showed the highest sensory quality and the lignan pinoresinol with higher concentration as compared to the other MEVOOs (p < 0.05), which resulted in a possible chemical marker for this cv. RAG was characterized by the sensory note of almond, which corresponds to its highest (E)-2-hexenal percentage. Sensory analysis and an antioxidant activity assay performed on a set of industrial extra virgin olive oils purchased in supermarkets, highlighted MEVOOs’ superiority from these points of view. Principal component analysis displays the main characteristics of the cvs. investigated.

ACS Style

Deborah Pacetti; Maria Chiara Boarelli; Rita Giovannetti; Stefano Ferraro; Paolo Conti; Barbara Alfei; Giovanni Caprioli; Massimo Ricciutelli; Gianni Sagratini; Donatella Fedeli; Rosita Gabbianelli; Dennis Fiorini. Chemical and Sensory Profiling of Monovarietal Extra Virgin Olive Oils from the Italian Marche Region. Antioxidants 2020, 9, 330 .

AMA Style

Deborah Pacetti, Maria Chiara Boarelli, Rita Giovannetti, Stefano Ferraro, Paolo Conti, Barbara Alfei, Giovanni Caprioli, Massimo Ricciutelli, Gianni Sagratini, Donatella Fedeli, Rosita Gabbianelli, Dennis Fiorini. Chemical and Sensory Profiling of Monovarietal Extra Virgin Olive Oils from the Italian Marche Region. Antioxidants. 2020; 9 (4):330.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Deborah Pacetti; Maria Chiara Boarelli; Rita Giovannetti; Stefano Ferraro; Paolo Conti; Barbara Alfei; Giovanni Caprioli; Massimo Ricciutelli; Gianni Sagratini; Donatella Fedeli; Rosita Gabbianelli; Dennis Fiorini. 2020. "Chemical and Sensory Profiling of Monovarietal Extra Virgin Olive Oils from the Italian Marche Region." Antioxidants 9, no. 4: 330.

Review
Published: 05 February 2020 in Antioxidants
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A human organism depends on stable glucose blood levels in order to maintain its metabolic needs. Glucose is considered to be the most important energy source, and glycolysis is postulated as a backbone pathway. However, when the glucose supply is limited, ketone bodies and amino acids can be used to produce enough ATP. In contrast, for the functioning of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) glucose is essential and cannot be substituted by other metabolites. The PPP generates and maintains the levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) needed for the reduction in oxidized glutathione and protein thiols, the synthesis of lipids and DNA as well as for xenobiotic detoxification, regulatory redox signaling and counteracting infections. The flux of glucose into a PPP—particularly under extreme oxidative and toxic challenges—is critical for survival, whereas the glycolytic pathway is primarily activated when glucose is abundant, and there is lack of NADP+ that is required for the activation of glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase. An important role of glycogen stores in resistance to oxidative challenges is discussed. Current evidences explain the disruptive metabolic effects and detrimental health consequences of chronic nutritional carbohydrate overload, and provide new insights into the positive metabolic effects of intermittent fasting, caloric restriction, exercise, and ketogenic diet through modulation of redox homeostasis.

ACS Style

Andriy Cherkas; Serhii Holota; Tamaz Mdzinarashvili; Rosita Gabbianelli; Neven Zarkovic. Glucose as a Major Antioxidant: When, What for and Why It Fails? Antioxidants 2020, 9, 140 .

AMA Style

Andriy Cherkas, Serhii Holota, Tamaz Mdzinarashvili, Rosita Gabbianelli, Neven Zarkovic. Glucose as a Major Antioxidant: When, What for and Why It Fails? Antioxidants. 2020; 9 (2):140.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andriy Cherkas; Serhii Holota; Tamaz Mdzinarashvili; Rosita Gabbianelli; Neven Zarkovic. 2020. "Glucose as a Major Antioxidant: When, What for and Why It Fails?" Antioxidants 9, no. 2: 140.

Journal article
Published: 05 February 2020 in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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L-carnitine supplementation has been used for cardiovascular health protection for a long time. Recently, trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), which is an end product of l-carnitine metabolism via the activity of microbiota, has been identified as a cardiovascular disease (CVD) biomarker. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of 6 months of l-carnitine supplementation in a group of aged women engaged in a regular physical training. Platelet mitochondrial DNA methylation, an emerging and innovative biomarker, lipid profile and TMAO levels have been measured. TMAO increased after l-carnitine supplementation (before 344.3 ± 129.8 ng/mL vs. after 2216.8 ± 1869.0 ng/mL; n = 9; paired t-test, p = 0.02). No significant effects on TMAO were exerted by training alone (n = 9) or by l-leucine supplementation (n = 12). TMAO levels after 6 months of l-carnitine supplementation were associated with higher low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c) (Spearman Rho = 0.518, p = 0.003) and total cholesterol (TC) (Spearman Rho = 0.407, p = 0.026) levels. l-carnitine supplementation increased D-loop methylation in platelets (+6.63%; paired t-test, p = 0.005). D-loop methylation was not directly correlated to the TMAO augmentation observed in the supplemented group, but its increase inversely correlated with TC (Pearson coefficient = −0.529, p = 0.029) and LDL-c (Pearson coefficient = −0.439, p = 0.048). This evidence supports the hypothesis that the correlation between l-carnitine, TMAO and atherosclerosis might be more complex than already postulated, and the alteration of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) methylation in platelets could be involved in the pathogenesis of this multifactorial disease.

ACS Style

Laura Bordoni; Angelika Sawicka; Arkadiusz Szarmach; Pawel J. Winklewski; Robert A. Olek; Rosita Gabbianelli. A Pilot Study on the Effects of l-Carnitine and Trimethylamine-N-Oxide on Platelet Mitochondrial DNA Methylation and CVD Biomarkers in Aged Women. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020, 21, 1047 .

AMA Style

Laura Bordoni, Angelika Sawicka, Arkadiusz Szarmach, Pawel J. Winklewski, Robert A. Olek, Rosita Gabbianelli. A Pilot Study on the Effects of l-Carnitine and Trimethylamine-N-Oxide on Platelet Mitochondrial DNA Methylation and CVD Biomarkers in Aged Women. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21 (3):1047.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Laura Bordoni; Angelika Sawicka; Arkadiusz Szarmach; Pawel J. Winklewski; Robert A. Olek; Rosita Gabbianelli. 2020. "A Pilot Study on the Effects of l-Carnitine and Trimethylamine-N-Oxide on Platelet Mitochondrial DNA Methylation and CVD Biomarkers in Aged Women." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 3: 1047.

Preprint
Published: 30 January 2020
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A human organism depends on stable glucose blood levels in order to maintain the metabolic needs. Glucose is considered as the most important energy source and glycolysis is postulated as a backbone pathway. However, when glucose supply is limited, ketone bodies and amino acids can be used to produce enough ATP. In contrast, for the functioning of pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) glucose is essential and cannot be substituted by other metabolites. PPP generates and maintains levels of NADPH needed for reduction of oxidized glutathione and protein thiols, synthesis of lipids and DNA as well as for xenobiotic detoxification, regulatory redox signaling and counteracting infections. Flux of glucose into a PPP, particularly under extreme oxidative and toxic challenges is critical for survival, whereas the glycolytic pathway is primarily activated when glucose is abundant, and there is lack of NADP+ that is required for activation of glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase. An important role of glycogen stores in resistance to oxidative challenges is discussed. Current evidences explain disruptive metabolic effects and detrimental health consequences of chronic nutritional carbohydrate overload and provides new insights into positive metabolic effects of intermittent fasting, caloric restriction, exercise, and ketogenic diet through modulation of redox homeostasis.

ACS Style

Andriy Cherkas; Serhii Holota; Tamaz Mdzinarashvili; Rosita Gabbianelli; Neven Zarkovic. Glucose as a Major Antioxidant: When, What for and Why It Fails? 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Andriy Cherkas, Serhii Holota, Tamaz Mdzinarashvili, Rosita Gabbianelli, Neven Zarkovic. Glucose as a Major Antioxidant: When, What for and Why It Fails? . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andriy Cherkas; Serhii Holota; Tamaz Mdzinarashvili; Rosita Gabbianelli; Neven Zarkovic. 2020. "Glucose as a Major Antioxidant: When, What for and Why It Fails?" , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 24 December 2019 in Antioxidants
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Extra virgin olive (EVO) oil and Nigella sativa (NG) oil are two well-known Mediterranean foods whose consumption has been associated with beneficial effects on human health. This study investigates the nutrigenomic properties of two high quality EVO and NG oils in an in vitro model of low-grade inflammation of human macrophages (THP-1 cells). The aim was to assess whether these healthy foods could modulate inflammation through antioxidant and epigenetic mechanisms. When THP-1 cells were co-exposed to both lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced inflammation and oils, both EVO and NG oils displayed anti-inflammatory activity. Both oils were able to restore normal expression levels of DNMT3A and HDAC1 (but not DNMT3B), which were altered under inflammatory conditions. Moreover, EVO oil was able to prevent the increase in TET2 expression and reduce global DNA methylation that were measured in inflamed cells. Due to its antioxidant properties, EVO oil was particularly efficient in restoring normal levels of membrane fluidity, which, on the contrary, were reduced in the presence of inflammation. In conclusion, these data support the hypothesis that these Mediterranean oils could play a major role in the modulation of low-grade inflammation and metabolic syndrome prevention. However, NS oil seems to be more efficient in the control of proinflammatory cytokines, whereas EVO oil better helps to counteract redox imbalance. Further studies that elucidate the nutrigenomic properties of local produce might help to promote regional the production and consumption of high-quality food, which could also help the population to maintain and promote health.

ACS Style

Laura Bordoni; Donatella Fedeli; Dennis Fiorini; Rosita Gabbianelli. Extra Virgin Olive Oil and Nigella sativa Oil Produced in Central Italy: A Comparison of the Nutrigenomic Effects of Two Mediterranean Oils in a Low-Grade Inflammation Model. Antioxidants 2019, 9, 20 .

AMA Style

Laura Bordoni, Donatella Fedeli, Dennis Fiorini, Rosita Gabbianelli. Extra Virgin Olive Oil and Nigella sativa Oil Produced in Central Italy: A Comparison of the Nutrigenomic Effects of Two Mediterranean Oils in a Low-Grade Inflammation Model. Antioxidants. 2019; 9 (1):20.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Laura Bordoni; Donatella Fedeli; Dennis Fiorini; Rosita Gabbianelli. 2019. "Extra Virgin Olive Oil and Nigella sativa Oil Produced in Central Italy: A Comparison of the Nutrigenomic Effects of Two Mediterranean Oils in a Low-Grade Inflammation Model." Antioxidants 9, no. 1: 20.

Journal article
Published: 28 November 2019 in Journal of Translational Medicine
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Background Since both genomic and environmental factors are involved in obesity etiology, several studies about the influence of adiposity on both nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA methylation patterns have been carried out. Nevertheless, few evidences exploring the usage of buccal swab samples to study mitochondrial DNA epigenetics can be found in literature. Methods In this study, mitochondrial DNA from buccal swabs collected from a young Caucasian population (n = 69) have been used to examine potential correlation between mitochondrial DNA copy number and methylation with body composition (BMI, WHtR and bioimpedance measurements). Results A negative correlation between mitochondrial DNA copy number and BMI was measured in females (p = 0.028), but not in males. The mean percentage of D-loop methylation is significantly higher in overweight than in lean female subjects (p = 0.003), and a specific CpG located in the D-loop shows per se an association with impaired body composition (p = 0.004). Body composition impairment is predicted by a combined variable including mtDNA copy number and the D-loop methylation (AUC = 0.785; p = 0.009). Conclusions This study corroborates the hypothesis that mitochondrial DNA carries relevant information about body composition. However, wider investigations able to validate the usage of mtDNA methylation from buccal swabs as a biomarker are warranted.

ACS Style

Laura Bordoni; Vanessa Smerilli; Cinzia Nasuti; Rosita Gabbianelli. Mitochondrial DNA methylation and copy number predict body composition in a young female population. Journal of Translational Medicine 2019, 17, 1 -11.

AMA Style

Laura Bordoni, Vanessa Smerilli, Cinzia Nasuti, Rosita Gabbianelli. Mitochondrial DNA methylation and copy number predict body composition in a young female population. Journal of Translational Medicine. 2019; 17 (1):1-11.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Laura Bordoni; Vanessa Smerilli; Cinzia Nasuti; Rosita Gabbianelli. 2019. "Mitochondrial DNA methylation and copy number predict body composition in a young female population." Journal of Translational Medicine 17, no. 1: 1-11.

Research article
Published: 10 October 2019 in PLOS ONE
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There is growing awareness within the scientific community of the strong connection between the inflammation in the intestine and the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). In previous studies we developed a PD animal model exposing pup rats to permethrin (PERM) pesticide. Here, we intended to explore whether in our animal model there were changes in gut permeability, fecal microbiota and hepatic injury. Moreover, we tested if the co-treatment with an electrolyzed reduced (ERW) was effective to protect against alterations induced by PERM. Rats (from postnatal day 6 to 21) were gavaged daily with PERM, PERM+ERW or vehicle and gut, liver and feces were analyzed in 2-months-old rats. Increased gut permeability, measured by FITC-dextran assay, was detected in PERM group compared to control and PERM+ERW groups. In duodenum and ileum, concentration of occludin was higher in control group than those measured in PERM group, whereas only in duodenum ZO-1 was higher in control than those measured in PERM and PERM+ERW groups. Number of inflammatory focis and neutrophils as well as iNOS protein levels were higher in livers of PERM-treated rats than in those of PERM+ERW and control rats. Fecal microbiota analysis revealed that Lachnospira was less abundant and Defluviitaleaceae more abundant in the PERM group, whereas the co-treatment with ERW was protective against PERM treatment since the abundances in Lachnospira and Defluviitaleaceae were similar to those in the control group. Higher abundances of butyrate- producing bacteria such as Blautia, U.m. of Lachnospiraceae family, U.m. of Ruminococcaceae family, Papillibacter, Roseburia, Intestinimonas, Shuttleworthia together with higher butyric acid levels were detected in PERM+ERW group compared to the other groups. In conclusion, the PD animal model showed increased intestinal permeability together with hepatic inflammation correlated with altered gut microbiota. The positive effects of ERW co-treatment observed in gut, liver and brain of rats were linked to changes on gut microbiota.

ACS Style

Laura Bordoni; Rosita Gabbianelli; Donatella Fedeli; Dennis Fiorini; Ina Bergheim; Cheng Jun Jin; Lisa Marinelli; Antonio Di Stefano; Cinzia Nasuti. Positive effect of an electrolyzed reduced water on gut permeability, fecal microbiota and liver in an animal model of Parkinson’s disease. PLOS ONE 2019, 14, e0223238 .

AMA Style

Laura Bordoni, Rosita Gabbianelli, Donatella Fedeli, Dennis Fiorini, Ina Bergheim, Cheng Jun Jin, Lisa Marinelli, Antonio Di Stefano, Cinzia Nasuti. Positive effect of an electrolyzed reduced water on gut permeability, fecal microbiota and liver in an animal model of Parkinson’s disease. PLOS ONE. 2019; 14 (10):e0223238.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Laura Bordoni; Rosita Gabbianelli; Donatella Fedeli; Dennis Fiorini; Ina Bergheim; Cheng Jun Jin; Lisa Marinelli; Antonio Di Stefano; Cinzia Nasuti. 2019. "Positive effect of an electrolyzed reduced water on gut permeability, fecal microbiota and liver in an animal model of Parkinson’s disease." PLOS ONE 14, no. 10: e0223238.

Book chapter
Published: 27 September 2019 in Principles of Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics
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The environment has a substantial role in determining our health and in developing diseases. Among environmental factors, pesticides designed to control pests but also capable of being toxic to nontarget living organisms are a major concern for human health. Exposure to these toxicants through nutrition has been well-established, and both the level of pesticides contained in foods and markers of exposure in human populations have been measured. Whereas the acute toxic effects of pesticides have been widely examined, uncertainties remain regarding chronic and long-term consequences of low-level exposure. Environmental exposures can trigger several types of damage. First, chemicals can provoke changes in gene expression by interfering with various signaling pathways. However, evidence suggests that pesticides can alter host defenses and lead to the onset and progression of diseases through epigenetic changes. Exposure to pesticides triggers individual responses. Variability in individual susceptibility is governed by several genetic variants, which suggests that specific subpopulations of individuals should be made aware and alerted to these potentially harmful effects. Studies in both humans and animals showed that epigenetic perturbations occur particularly during certain periods of life, and that the epigenetic memory of such events is related to chronic late-onset disease. Furthermore, not only the generation directly exposed but also its offspring can be affected by such epigenetic perturbations. Given the pivotal role of nutrition in modulating epigenetic homeostasis, the content of pesticides in foods is an important aspect to consider in relation to nutrigenomic effects for the promotion of health and the prevention of chronic disease.

ACS Style

Laura Bordoni; Rosita Gabbianelli. Nutrigenomics of Food Pesticides. Principles of Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics 2019, 513 -518.

AMA Style

Laura Bordoni, Rosita Gabbianelli. Nutrigenomics of Food Pesticides. Principles of Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics. 2019; ():513-518.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Laura Bordoni; Rosita Gabbianelli. 2019. "Nutrigenomics of Food Pesticides." Principles of Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics , no. : 513-518.

Journal article
Published: 25 August 2019 in Antioxidants
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This study investigated the preventive efficacy of the crude oil extracted from Nigella sativa seeds in a rat model of arthritis induced by using complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA). Nigella sativa oil at 1.82 mL/kg or 0.91 mL/kg (corresponding to 1596 and 798 mg/kg, respectively) was orally administered for 25 days from the day of immunization. One immunized group was treated orally with indomethacin (3 mg/kg) as a reference drug. Body weight growth rate, paw swelling, arthritis score, mechanical allodynia, locomotor activity and anxiety-like behavior were observed, and the levels of Interleukin 6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein, albumin and total cholesterol in plasma were measured on days 15 and 25. Nigella sativa oil showed anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic and anti-nociceptive activities that were significant as compared to untreated arthritic rats but less than indomethacin. These results indicated that Nigella sativa oil significantly attenuated adjuvant-arthritis in rats and the higher dose (1.82 mL/kg) prevented the development of arthritis with an inhibition of 56%.

ACS Style

Cinzia Nasuti; Donatella Fedeli; Laura Bordoni; Marco Piangerelli; Maurizio Servili; Roberto Selvaggini; Rosita Gabbianelli. Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Arthritic and Anti-Nociceptive Activities of Nigella sativa Oil in a Rat Model of Arthritis. Antioxidants 2019, 8, 342 .

AMA Style

Cinzia Nasuti, Donatella Fedeli, Laura Bordoni, Marco Piangerelli, Maurizio Servili, Roberto Selvaggini, Rosita Gabbianelli. Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Arthritic and Anti-Nociceptive Activities of Nigella sativa Oil in a Rat Model of Arthritis. Antioxidants. 2019; 8 (9):342.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cinzia Nasuti; Donatella Fedeli; Laura Bordoni; Marco Piangerelli; Maurizio Servili; Roberto Selvaggini; Rosita Gabbianelli. 2019. "Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Arthritic and Anti-Nociceptive Activities of Nigella sativa Oil in a Rat Model of Arthritis." Antioxidants 8, no. 9: 342.