The range of complications of renal transplantation can be organized temporally in relation to the time since surgery and/or according to disease categories, including immunologic (rejection), surg... The kidney is the most commonly transplanted solid organ. Advances in surgical techniques, immunosuppression regimens, surveillance imaging, and histopathologic diagnosis of rejection have allowed ...

US and MRI are essential to classifying müllerian duct anomalies and identifying commonly associated urinary tract anomalies. Müllerian duct anomalies (MDAs) have important implications for the reproductive health of female patients. In patients with both infertility and recurrent pregnancy loss, the incidence of MDAs is ...

The various diseases that can manifest with acute changes in the small bowel are described, and key CT features that can be used in conjunction with clinical history to develop a differential diagnosis are reviewed. Although a broad spectrum of entities can induce acute pathologic changes in the small bowel, there are relatively few imaging features that are characteristic of a specific diagnosis on the basis of CT findings. Specific clinical information, including time course and onset of disease, patient risk factors, and any recent pharmacologic or radiation therapy, is often instrumental in refining the differential diagnosis. A wide spectrum of disorders is reviewed in this article; however, given the breadth of disorders associated with the small bowel, neoplastic and infectious conditions affecting the small bowel that can manifest acutely are not specifically discussed. Vascular diseases that can affect the small bowel regionally or diffusely, including thromboembolic and hypoperfusion phenomena, as well as a spectrum of vasculitides, are reviewed. Iatrogenic causes of small bowel disorders are discussed, including angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor–induced angioedema, and chemotherapy- and radiation the...

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant vascular disorder characterized by spontaneous epistaxis, telangiectasia, and visceral vascular malformations. Hepatic vascular malformations are common, though a minority are symptomatic. Symptoms are dependent on the severity and exact type of shunting caused by the hepatic malformation: Arteriosystemic shunting leads to manifestations of high output cardiac failure, and arterioportal shunting leads to portal hypertension. Radiologic imaging, including ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is an important tool for assessing liver involvement. Doppler ultrasonography is the first-line screening modality for HHT-related liver disease, and it has a standardized scale. Imaging can determine whether shunting is principally to the hepatic vein or the portal vein, which can be a key determinant of patients’ symptoms. Liver-related complications can be detected, including manifestations of portal hypertension, focal liver masses as well as ischemic cholangiopathy. Ultrasound and MRI also have the ability to quantify blood flow through the liver, which in the future may be used to determine prognosis and direct antiangiogenic therapy.