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The Spanish public retirement pension system, the same as that of many European countries, faces two important risks in the long term. On the one hand, the sustainability of the current pay-as-you-go system and, on the other hand, the ability to maintain an acceptable standard of living for the retired population. This paper presents a study on the current situation of the Spanish public retirement pension system and its effect on the future retired population. In recent years, the concern for the long-term sustainability of the system, which is based on pay-as-you-go and defined benefit, has been very present. For this reason, two major reforms were carried out in 2011 and 2013; however, different investigations have indicated the reduction in future retirement pensions as a possible consequence. Regarding this dilemma, this paper aims to study the future poverty risk of the retired population due to the current formulation of the system, by conducting, for this purpose, an analysis of the purchasing power of future pensioners based on the EU-Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (SILC) 2016 of the National Institute of Statistics of Spain. As a result, a future reduction in the replacement rate was observed, affecting the younger population to a greater extent, as well as an increase in poverty in pensioner households using two different scenarios.
Blanca Urbano; Antonio Jurado; Beatriz Rosado-Cebrián. What Will Retirement Pensions Be Like? Analysis of Spanish Future Pensioner Households in Terms of Poverty. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1760 .
AMA StyleBlanca Urbano, Antonio Jurado, Beatriz Rosado-Cebrián. What Will Retirement Pensions Be Like? Analysis of Spanish Future Pensioner Households in Terms of Poverty. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (4):1760.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBlanca Urbano; Antonio Jurado; Beatriz Rosado-Cebrián. 2021. "What Will Retirement Pensions Be Like? Analysis of Spanish Future Pensioner Households in Terms of Poverty." Sustainability 13, no. 4: 1760.
Luis Ayala; Antonio Jurado; Jesús Pérez-Mayo. Multidimensional deprivation in heterogeneous rural areas: Spain after the economic crisis. Regional Studies 2020, 55, 883 -893.
AMA StyleLuis Ayala, Antonio Jurado, Jesús Pérez-Mayo. Multidimensional deprivation in heterogeneous rural areas: Spain after the economic crisis. Regional Studies. 2020; 55 (5):883-893.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuis Ayala; Antonio Jurado; Jesús Pérez-Mayo. 2020. "Multidimensional deprivation in heterogeneous rural areas: Spain after the economic crisis." Regional Studies 55, no. 5: 883-893.
This paper performs an assessment and imputation of the benefits produced to the individuals and households well-being by the public services provision. This analysis is very relevant in the current framework of economic crisis of the European economies. Although most of the papers in the literature compare countries, decentralization processes are included in this paper by accounting the effect of public expenditure on regional health care and education upon the levels of inequality and rates of poverty in each Spanish region. This case is relevant because of the high decentralization degree of the Spanish political structure and the persistent regional disparities. The results show a clear downward tendency in both phenomena following imputation, although education shows a greater impact. Furthermore, a decomposition, used in this context for the first time, of the effects shows the very relevant redistributive effect of this public expenditure.
Antonio Jurado; Jesus Perez-Mayo; Francisco Pedraja. The Impact of Public Services Expenditure on the Spanish Income Distribution. Social Indicators Research 2015, 127, 217 -241.
AMA StyleAntonio Jurado, Jesus Perez-Mayo, Francisco Pedraja. The Impact of Public Services Expenditure on the Spanish Income Distribution. Social Indicators Research. 2015; 127 (1):217-241.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonio Jurado; Jesus Perez-Mayo; Francisco Pedraja. 2015. "The Impact of Public Services Expenditure on the Spanish Income Distribution." Social Indicators Research 127, no. 1: 217-241.
Luis Ayala; Antonio Jurado; Jesús Pérez-Mayo. Drawing the Poverty Line: Do Regional Thresholds and Prices Make a Difference? Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy 2014, 36, 309 -332.
AMA StyleLuis Ayala, Antonio Jurado, Jesús Pérez-Mayo. Drawing the Poverty Line: Do Regional Thresholds and Prices Make a Difference? Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy. 2014; 36 (2):309-332.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuis Ayala; Antonio Jurado; Jesús Pérez-Mayo. 2014. "Drawing the Poverty Line: Do Regional Thresholds and Prices Make a Difference?" Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy 36, no. 2: 309-332.
The study presented here is an attempt to calculate a comparative multidimensional index of economic well-being for the Spanish Autonomous Communities. Based on the dimensions of adjusted consumption, real wealth, equity and economic security per inhabitant, we obtain one relative index using a system of uniform weightings, a second resulting from a factor analysis and a third provided by a DEA analysis. We elaborate the index for the year 2000 and for 2006, thereby providing the relative results with greater robustness and permitting some conclusions to be reached with regard to the evolution over time of the index.
Antonio Jurado; Jesus Perez-Mayo. Construction and Evolution of a Multidimensional Well-Being Index for the Spanish Regions. Social Indicators Research 2011, 107, 259 -279.
AMA StyleAntonio Jurado, Jesus Perez-Mayo. Construction and Evolution of a Multidimensional Well-Being Index for the Spanish Regions. Social Indicators Research. 2011; 107 (2):259-279.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonio Jurado; Jesus Perez-Mayo. 2011. "Construction and Evolution of a Multidimensional Well-Being Index for the Spanish Regions." Social Indicators Research 107, no. 2: 259-279.
The study of multidimensional deprivation has become one of the most relevant lines of research in the analysis of low‐income households. The search for significant relationships between multidimensional deprivation and income poverty has been a central issue and most empirical studies have found a very weak link. This paper aims at examining the possibility of an aggregation bias in national‐level studies, which could conceal disparities between regions. As regional differences and decentralization processes stand out in Spain as compared to other OECD countries, we focus the analysis on this country. Latent class models are used to define deprivation indices using the Spanish EU‐SILC. The results seem to show that the absence of significant relationships between both phenomena still holds at a regional level. The decomposition methods used in the paper show that it might be due to some regional singularities in some determining factors of income and multidimensional poverty.
Luis Ayala; Antonio Jurado; Jesús Pérez-Mayo. INCOME POVERTY AND MULTIDIMENSIONAL DEPRIVATION: LESSONS FROM CROSS-REGIONAL ANALYSIS. Review of Income and Wealth 2010, 57, 40 -60.
AMA StyleLuis Ayala, Antonio Jurado, Jesús Pérez-Mayo. INCOME POVERTY AND MULTIDIMENSIONAL DEPRIVATION: LESSONS FROM CROSS-REGIONAL ANALYSIS. Review of Income and Wealth. 2010; 57 (1):40-60.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuis Ayala; Antonio Jurado; Jesús Pérez-Mayo. 2010. "INCOME POVERTY AND MULTIDIMENSIONAL DEPRIVATION: LESSONS FROM CROSS-REGIONAL ANALYSIS." Review of Income and Wealth 57, no. 1: 40-60.
Ayala L. and Jurado A. Pro-poor economic growth, inequality and fiscal policy: the case of Spanish regions, Regional Studies. This paper aims to discuss whether substantive differences exist in terms of the distribution of economic growth by income groups in Spanish regions. In order to do so, data from the Spanish Family Budget Surveys for various years are used to estimate growth incidence curves, decomposition models of poverty changes, and isopoverty curves. The results show that while economic growth in the long-term has meant an improvement of the lower income percentiles in Spain, this improvement is not uniform in the different regions. Limited possibilities for poverty reduction in the lower-income regions are also found. Ayala L. et Jurado A. Pour la croissance économique faible, l'inégalité et la politique fiscale: l'étude de cas des régions d'Espagne, Regional Studies. Cet article cherche à discuter si, oui ou non, il existe d'importants écarts de la distribution de la croissance économique par tranche des revenus dans les régions d'Espagne. On emploie, alors, des données provenant de diverses enquêtes sur le budget ménager des foyers espagnols afin d'estimer des courbes qui tracent la fréquence de la croissance, des modèles de décomposition du changement de la pauvreté, et des courbes de la isopauvreté. Les résultats laissent voir que la croissance économique a permis à long terme une amélioration pour les centiles inférieurs en Espagne. Toujours est-il que cette amélioration n'est pas généralisée sur le plan régional. Il s'avère aussi des possibilités limitées en ce qui concerne la réduction de la pauvreté dans les régions à plus faibles revenus. Pour la croissance faible Courbes de l'isopauvreté Pauvreté Inégalité Espagne Ayala L. und Jurado A. Armutsorientiertes Wirtschaftswachstum, Ungleichheit und Fiskalpolitik: der Fall der spanischen Regionen, Regional Studies. In diesem Beitrag wird untersucht, ob es hinsichtlich der Verteilung des Wirtschaftswachstums innerhalb der Einkommensgruppen von spanischen Regionen erhebliche Unterschiede gibt. Hierfür werden anhand der Daten aus den spanischen Familienetat-Erhebungen verschiedener Jahre Wachstumsinzidenzkurven, Dekompositionsmodelle von Armutsänderungen sowie Isolationsarmutskurven geschätzt. Aus den Ergebnissen geht hervor, dass sich durch das Wirtschaftswachstum zwar langfristig die Situation der unteren Einkommensperzentile in Spanien verbessert hat, aber diese Verbesserung in den verschiedenen Regionen nicht gleichmäßig ausfällt. Ebenso werden begrenzte Möglichkeiten zur Verringerung der Armut in Regionen mit niedrigerem Einkommen gefunden. Armutsorientiertes Wachstum Isolationsarmutskurven Armut Ungleichheit Spanien Ayala L. y Jurado A. Crecimiento económico pro-pobre, desigualdad y política fiscal: evidencia para las regiones españolas, Regional Studies. El principal objetivo de este trabajo es analizar si existen diferencias importantes en la distribución del crecimiento económico por grupos de renta en las regiones españolas. Se utilizan los datos de las Encuestas de Presupuestos Familiares de varios años para estimar curvas de incidencia del crecimiento, modelos de descomposición de los cambios en la pobreza y curvas de isopobreza. Los resultados muestran que, aunque el crecimiento económico en el largo plazo supuso una mejora de los percentiles con rentas más bajas en España, esta tendencia no fue uniforme en las diferentes regiones. También se encuentra evidencia de las menores posibilidades de reducción de la pobreza en las regiones de menor renta ante posibles escenarios de mayor descentralización. Crecimiento pro-pobre Curvas isopobreza Pobreza Desigualdad España
Luis Ayala; Antonio Jurado. Pro-poor Economic Growth, Inequality and Fiscal Policy: The Case of Spanish Regions. Regional Studies 2010, 45, 103 -121.
AMA StyleLuis Ayala, Antonio Jurado. Pro-poor Economic Growth, Inequality and Fiscal Policy: The Case of Spanish Regions. Regional Studies. 2010; 45 (1):103-121.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuis Ayala; Antonio Jurado. 2010. "Pro-poor Economic Growth, Inequality and Fiscal Policy: The Case of Spanish Regions." Regional Studies 45, no. 1: 103-121.
Among the different perspectives making up the analysis of the income distribution, the study of intra-territorial distribution of personal income is frequently omitted from the main lines of research. The juxtaposition of abundant change factors when forming the regional distributive process, the theoretical difficulties of integrating, in a unique analysis framework, the connections and contradictions between the personal and territorial distribution of income and the lack of databases with information that is sufficiently representative of the territorial singularities are the main reasons for the relatively low attention paid to intra-territorial distribution compared with other dimensions concerning inequality. However, in the Spanish case, there are several reasons justifying the detailed study of the differences regarding the distribution of income across the different geographical areas. Firstly, the territorial division of Spain is one of the key factors of the current economic and social organisation model, and its results and possible reforms play a principal role in the public debate. Secondly, the advances made in the process of decentralisation of central government functions to the autonomous regions have been translated into an increasing decentralisation of some of the most important redistributive instruments, such as health, education or housing policies. A precise analysis of the results of such processes in terms of social welfare would seem necessary. Thirdly, there is plenty of empirical evidence on the truncated trend towards a reduction of regional economic disparities in the last decade, measured considering the gross added value per capita. Contrary to the intense process of regional convergence, which occurred in the 1960s and 1970s, the differences among the Spanish autonomous regions intensified in the first half of the 1980s, moderated in the following years and experienced a considerable increase from the mid-1990s onwards. There is also a need to consider whether the evolution of differences in inequality levels within each autonomous region has followed this same pattern.
Luis Ayala; Antonio Jurado; Francisco Pedraja. Inequality and Welfare in Intra-Territorial Income Distribution. Regional Policy, Economic Growth and Convergence 2009, 233 -259.
AMA StyleLuis Ayala, Antonio Jurado, Francisco Pedraja. Inequality and Welfare in Intra-Territorial Income Distribution. Regional Policy, Economic Growth and Convergence. 2009; ():233-259.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuis Ayala; Antonio Jurado; Francisco Pedraja. 2009. "Inequality and Welfare in Intra-Territorial Income Distribution." Regional Policy, Economic Growth and Convergence , no. : 233-259.