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Prof. Tsutomu Arie
Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology

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0 Biological Control
0 Plant Pathology
0 Tomato
0 Fusarium oxysporum
0 Soilborne pathogens

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Fusarium oxysporum
Tomato
Plant Pathology

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Short Biography

Professor, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), Laboratory of Plant Pathology

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Article
Published: 23 August 2021 in European Journal of Plant Pathology
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Fusariosis, one of the phytosanitary problems found in rubber producing areas in the northwest of the state of São Paulo, is a disease that affects the bark of the adult plants, affecting the exploitation of latex. The typical symptoms appear as cracks in the bark that expand from the rootstock towards the tapping panel, causing a drying of the latex flux in the injured region, impeding latex tapping. Due to the recent incidence of this disease in rubber plantations, the goal of this study was to characterize the Fusarium associated with symptomatic rubber tissue in three different locations in the state of São Paulo. In order to identify Fusarium species, pathogenicity, morphological, cultural and molecular studies were carried out. A total of 51 isolates were obtained and separated into three groups based on macroconidium morphology, presence or absence of sporodochia, types of chlamydospores, formation of phialides and conidiogenesis of microconidia and mesoconidia, mycelial growth rate and coloring of the colonies. These groups were corroborated using DNA sequence information for five different genetic loci, and were subsequently recognized as Fusarium oxysporum, F. incarnatum and F. decemcellulare. Our results further showed that all 51 of the Fusarium isolates recovered were pathogenic to rubber tree seedlings of RRIM 600 standard clone. This study also reports for the presence of F. oxysporum and F. incarnatum in rubber plantations in the state of São Paulo and in Brazil.

ACS Style

Marília Pizetta; Caroline Geraldi Pierozzi; Yu Ayukawa; Takeshi Kashiwa; Ken Komatsu; Tohru Teraoka; Tsutomu Arie; Edson Luiz Furtado. Fusariosis in rubber tree: pathogenic, morphological, and molecular characterization of the causal agent. European Journal of Plant Pathology 2021, 1 -14.

AMA Style

Marília Pizetta, Caroline Geraldi Pierozzi, Yu Ayukawa, Takeshi Kashiwa, Ken Komatsu, Tohru Teraoka, Tsutomu Arie, Edson Luiz Furtado. Fusariosis in rubber tree: pathogenic, morphological, and molecular characterization of the causal agent. European Journal of Plant Pathology. 2021; ():1-14.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marília Pizetta; Caroline Geraldi Pierozzi; Yu Ayukawa; Takeshi Kashiwa; Ken Komatsu; Tohru Teraoka; Tsutomu Arie; Edson Luiz Furtado. 2021. "Fusariosis in rubber tree: pathogenic, morphological, and molecular characterization of the causal agent." European Journal of Plant Pathology , no. : 1-14.

Article
Published: 04 August 2021 in Journal of Virology
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Characterized positive-strand RNA viruses replicate in association with intracellular membranes. Regarding viruses in the genus Potexvirus , the mechanism by which their RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (replicase) associates with membranes is understudied. Here, by membrane flotation analyses of the replicase of plantago asiatica mosaic potexvirus (PlAMV), we identified a region in the methyltransferase (MET) domain as a membrane association determinant. An amphipathic α-helix was predicted downstream from the core region of the MET domain and hydrophobic amino acid residues were conserved in the helical sequences in replicases of other potexviruses. NMR analysis confirmed the amphipathic α-helical configuration and unveiled a kink caused by a highly conserved proline residue in the α-helix. Substitution of this proline residue and other hydrophobic and charged residues in the amphipathic α-helix abolished PlAMV replication. Ectopic expression of a GFP-fusion with the entire MET domain resulted in the formation of a large perinuclear complex, where virus replicase and RNA co-located during virus infection. Except for the proline substitution, the amino acid substitutions in the α-helix that abolished virus replication also prevented the formation of the large perinuclear complex by the respective GFP-MET fusion. Small intracellular punctate structures were observed for all GFP-MET fusions and in vitro high molecular weight complexes were formed by both replication-competent and -incompetent viral replicons, and thus were not sufficient for replication competence. We discuss the roles of the potexvirus-specific, proline-kinked amphipathic helical structure in virus replication and intracellular large complex and punctate structure formation. IMPORTANCE RNA viruses characteristically associate with intracellular membranes during replication. Although virus replicases are assumed to possess membrane-targeting properties, their membrane association domains generally remain unidentified or poorly characterized. Here, we identified a proline-kinked amphipathic α-helix structure downstream from the methyltransferase core domain of PlAMV replicase as a membrane association determinant. This helical sequence, which includes the proline residue, was conserved among potexviruses and related viruses in the order Tymovirales . Substitution of the proline residue but not the other residues necessary for replication allowed formation of a large perinuclear complex within cells resembling those formed by PlAMV replicase and RNA during virus replication. Our results demonstrate the role of the amphipathic α-helix in PlAMV replicase in a perinuclear complex formation and virus replication and that a perinuclear complex formation by the replicase alone will not necessarily indicate successful virus replication.

ACS Style

Ken Komatsu; Nobumitsu Sasaki; Tetsuya Yoshida; Katsuhiro Suzuki; Yuki Masujima; Masayoshi Hashimoto; Satoru Watanabe; Naoya Tochio; Takanori Kigawa; Yasuyuki Yamaji; Kenro Oshima; Shigetou Namba; Richard S. Nelson; Tsutomu Arie. Identification of a proline-kinked amphipathic α-helix downstream from the methyltransferase domain of a potexvirus replicase and its role in virus replication and perinuclear complex formation. Journal of Virology 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Ken Komatsu, Nobumitsu Sasaki, Tetsuya Yoshida, Katsuhiro Suzuki, Yuki Masujima, Masayoshi Hashimoto, Satoru Watanabe, Naoya Tochio, Takanori Kigawa, Yasuyuki Yamaji, Kenro Oshima, Shigetou Namba, Richard S. Nelson, Tsutomu Arie. Identification of a proline-kinked amphipathic α-helix downstream from the methyltransferase domain of a potexvirus replicase and its role in virus replication and perinuclear complex formation. Journal of Virology. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ken Komatsu; Nobumitsu Sasaki; Tetsuya Yoshida; Katsuhiro Suzuki; Yuki Masujima; Masayoshi Hashimoto; Satoru Watanabe; Naoya Tochio; Takanori Kigawa; Yasuyuki Yamaji; Kenro Oshima; Shigetou Namba; Richard S. Nelson; Tsutomu Arie. 2021. "Identification of a proline-kinked amphipathic α-helix downstream from the methyltransferase domain of a potexvirus replicase and its role in virus replication and perinuclear complex formation." Journal of Virology , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 09 June 2021 in Communications Biology
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Many plant pathogenic fungi contain conditionally dispensable (CD) chromosomes that are associated with virulence, but not growth in vitro. Virulence-associated CD chromosomes carry genes encoding effectors and/or host-specific toxin biosynthesis enzymes that may contribute to determining host specificity. Fusarium oxysporum causes devastating diseases of more than 100 plant species. Among a large number of host-specific forms, F. oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans (Focn) can infect Brassicaceae plants including Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and cabbage. Here we show that Focn has multiple CD chromosomes. We identified specific CD chromosomes that are required for virulence on Arabidopsis, cabbage, or both, and describe a pair of effectors encoded on one of the CD chromosomes that is required for suppression of Arabidopsis-specific phytoalexin-based immunity. The effector pair is highly conserved in F. oxysporum isolates capable of infecting Arabidopsis, but not of other plants. This study provides insight into how host specificity of F. oxysporum may be determined by a pair of effector genes on a transmissible CD chromosome.

ACS Style

Yu Ayukawa; Shuta Asai; Pamela Gan; Ayako Tsushima; Yasunori Ichihashi; Arisa Shibata; Ken Komatsu; Petra M. Houterman; Martijn Rep; Ken Shirasu; Tsutomu Arie. A pair of effectors encoded on a conditionally dispensable chromosome of Fusarium oxysporum suppress host-specific immunity. Communications Biology 2021, 4, 1 -12.

AMA Style

Yu Ayukawa, Shuta Asai, Pamela Gan, Ayako Tsushima, Yasunori Ichihashi, Arisa Shibata, Ken Komatsu, Petra M. Houterman, Martijn Rep, Ken Shirasu, Tsutomu Arie. A pair of effectors encoded on a conditionally dispensable chromosome of Fusarium oxysporum suppress host-specific immunity. Communications Biology. 2021; 4 (1):1-12.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yu Ayukawa; Shuta Asai; Pamela Gan; Ayako Tsushima; Yasunori Ichihashi; Arisa Shibata; Ken Komatsu; Petra M. Houterman; Martijn Rep; Ken Shirasu; Tsutomu Arie. 2021. "A pair of effectors encoded on a conditionally dispensable chromosome of Fusarium oxysporum suppress host-specific immunity." Communications Biology 4, no. 1: 1-12.

Journal article
Published: 04 January 2021 in Applied and Environmental Microbiology
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We demonstrated that a spray treatment of rice flowers with the spores of nonpathogenic fusaria mimicked the disease cycle of the seed-borne bakanae pathogen Fusarium fujikuroi and effectively suppressed the disease. Spray treatment of nonpathogenic fusaria reduced the degree of pathogen invasion of rice flowers and vertical transmission of the pathogen to the next plant generation via seeds, thereby controlling the bakanae disease. The most promising isolate, F. commune W5, colonized seeds and seedlings via treated flowers and successfully inhibited pathogen invasion, suggesting that competition with the pathogen was the mode of action. Seed-borne diseases are often controlled by seed treatment with chemical fungicides. Establishing an alternative method is a pressing issue from the perspectives of limiting fungicide resistance and increasing food security. This work provides a potential solution to these issues using a novel application technique to treat rice flowers with biocontrol agents.

ACS Style

Hiroki Saito; Mai Sasaki; Yoko Nonaka; Jun Tanaka; Tomomi Tokunaga; Akihiro Kato; Tran Thi Thu Thuy; Le Van Vang; Le Minh Tuong; Seiji Kanematsu; Tomotaka Suzuki; Kenichi Kurauchi; Naoko Fujita; Tohru Teraoka; Ken Komatsu; Tsutomu Arie. Spray Application of Nonpathogenic Fusaria onto Rice Flowers Controls Bakanae Disease (Caused by Fusarium fujikuroi) in the Next Plant Generation. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 2021, 87, 1 .

AMA Style

Hiroki Saito, Mai Sasaki, Yoko Nonaka, Jun Tanaka, Tomomi Tokunaga, Akihiro Kato, Tran Thi Thu Thuy, Le Van Vang, Le Minh Tuong, Seiji Kanematsu, Tomotaka Suzuki, Kenichi Kurauchi, Naoko Fujita, Tohru Teraoka, Ken Komatsu, Tsutomu Arie. Spray Application of Nonpathogenic Fusaria onto Rice Flowers Controls Bakanae Disease (Caused by Fusarium fujikuroi) in the Next Plant Generation. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 2021; 87 (2):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hiroki Saito; Mai Sasaki; Yoko Nonaka; Jun Tanaka; Tomomi Tokunaga; Akihiro Kato; Tran Thi Thu Thuy; Le Van Vang; Le Minh Tuong; Seiji Kanematsu; Tomotaka Suzuki; Kenichi Kurauchi; Naoko Fujita; Tohru Teraoka; Ken Komatsu; Tsutomu Arie. 2021. "Spray Application of Nonpathogenic Fusaria onto Rice Flowers Controls Bakanae Disease (Caused by Fusarium fujikuroi) in the Next Plant Generation." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 87, no. 2: 1.

Journal article
Published: 28 December 2020 in Plants
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Tomato susceptibility/resistance to stem canker disease caused by Alternaria alternata f. sp. lycopersici and its pathogenic factor AAL-toxin is determined by the presence of the Asc1 gene. Several cultivars of commercial tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicum, SLL) are reported to have a mutation in Asc1, resulting in their susceptibility to AAL-toxin. We evaluated 119 ancestral tomato accessions including S. pimpinellifolium (SP), S. lycopersicum var. cerasiforme (SLC) and S. lycopersicum var. lycopersicum “jitomate criollo” (SLJ) for AAL-toxin susceptibility. Three accessions, SP PER018805, SLC PER018894, and SLJ M5-3, were susceptible to AAL-toxin. SLC PER018894 and SLJ M5-3 had a two-nucleotide deletion (nt 854_855del) in Asc1 identical to that found in SLL cv. Aichi-first. Another mutation (nt 931_932insT) that may confer AAL-toxin susceptibility was identified in SP PER018805. In the phylogenetic tree based on the 18 COSII sequences, a clade (S3) is composed of SP, including the AAL-toxin susceptible PER018805, and SLC. AAL-toxin susceptible SLC PER018894 and SLJ M5-3 were in Clade S2 with SLL cultivars. As SLC is thought to be the ancestor of SLL, and SLJ is an intermediate tomato between SLC and SLL, Asc1s with/without the mutation seem to have been inherited throughout the history of tomato domestication and breeding.

ACS Style

Rin Tsuzuki; Rosa María Cabrera Pintado; Jorge Andrés Biondi Thorndike; Dina Lida Gutiérrez Reynoso; Carlos Alberto Amasifuen Guerra; Juan Carlos Guerrero Abad; Liliana Maria Aragón Caballero; Medali Heidi Huarhua Zaquinaula; Cledy Ureta Sierra; Olenka Ines Alberca Cruz; Milca Gianira Elespuru Suna; Raúl Humberto Blas Sevillano; Ines Carolina Torres Arias; Joel Flores Ticona; Fátima Cáceres de Baldárrago; Enrique Rodoríguez Pérez; Takuo Hozum; Hiroki Saito; Shunsuke Kotera; Yasunori Akagi; Motoichiro Kodama; Ken Komatsu; Tsutomu Arie. Mutations Found in the Asc1 Gene That Confer Susceptibility to the AAL-toxin in Ancestral Tomatoes from Peru and Mexico. Plants 2020, 10, 47 .

AMA Style

Rin Tsuzuki, Rosa María Cabrera Pintado, Jorge Andrés Biondi Thorndike, Dina Lida Gutiérrez Reynoso, Carlos Alberto Amasifuen Guerra, Juan Carlos Guerrero Abad, Liliana Maria Aragón Caballero, Medali Heidi Huarhua Zaquinaula, Cledy Ureta Sierra, Olenka Ines Alberca Cruz, Milca Gianira Elespuru Suna, Raúl Humberto Blas Sevillano, Ines Carolina Torres Arias, Joel Flores Ticona, Fátima Cáceres de Baldárrago, Enrique Rodoríguez Pérez, Takuo Hozum, Hiroki Saito, Shunsuke Kotera, Yasunori Akagi, Motoichiro Kodama, Ken Komatsu, Tsutomu Arie. Mutations Found in the Asc1 Gene That Confer Susceptibility to the AAL-toxin in Ancestral Tomatoes from Peru and Mexico. Plants. 2020; 10 (1):47.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rin Tsuzuki; Rosa María Cabrera Pintado; Jorge Andrés Biondi Thorndike; Dina Lida Gutiérrez Reynoso; Carlos Alberto Amasifuen Guerra; Juan Carlos Guerrero Abad; Liliana Maria Aragón Caballero; Medali Heidi Huarhua Zaquinaula; Cledy Ureta Sierra; Olenka Ines Alberca Cruz; Milca Gianira Elespuru Suna; Raúl Humberto Blas Sevillano; Ines Carolina Torres Arias; Joel Flores Ticona; Fátima Cáceres de Baldárrago; Enrique Rodoríguez Pérez; Takuo Hozum; Hiroki Saito; Shunsuke Kotera; Yasunori Akagi; Motoichiro Kodama; Ken Komatsu; Tsutomu Arie. 2020. "Mutations Found in the Asc1 Gene That Confer Susceptibility to the AAL-toxin in Ancestral Tomatoes from Peru and Mexico." Plants 10, no. 1: 47.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2020 in Biological Control
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Frogs carry bacterial communities on their skin (Harris et al., 2009) that benefit the host frogs by preventing harmful pathogen infections. Our study aimed to collect culturable bacteria from the skin of wild frogs sampled in Japan and evaluate the antagonistic activity of the bacteria toward plant pathogenic fungi. A collection of 106 bacterial isolates was obtained from three species of frogs, namely Hyla japonica, Pelophylax porosus porosus and Buergeria burgeri. Using a dual-culture method, three isolates, HjD52, HjD92 and B341, were selected based on their ability to significantly inhibit the growth of Colletotrichum orbiculare, the causal fungus of cucumber anthracnose disease. These three bacterial isolates also showed a broad-spectrum of antagonistic activity against 13 plant pathogenic fungi. Furthermore, spray treatment with the bacterial suspensions (109 cfu/ml) effectively reduced the number of anthracnose lesions in greenhouse-grown, potted cucumber plants. Based on the 16S rDNA sequence analysis and similarity search, isolates HjD57, HjD92 and B341 were identified as Paenibacillus sp., Raoultella sp. and Citrobacter sp., respectively. This is the first report showing the potential of Paenibacillus sp., Raoultella sp. and Citrobacter sp. from frog skin to serve as potent biocontrol agents against plant diseases.

ACS Style

Lela Susilawati; Noriko Iwai; Ken Komatsu; Tsutomu Arie. Antifungal activity of bacteria isolated from Japanese frog skin against plant pathogenic fungi. Biological Control 2020, 153, 104498 .

AMA Style

Lela Susilawati, Noriko Iwai, Ken Komatsu, Tsutomu Arie. Antifungal activity of bacteria isolated from Japanese frog skin against plant pathogenic fungi. Biological Control. 2020; 153 ():104498.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lela Susilawati; Noriko Iwai; Ken Komatsu; Tsutomu Arie. 2020. "Antifungal activity of bacteria isolated from Japanese frog skin against plant pathogenic fungi." Biological Control 153, no. : 104498.

Research article
Published: 17 November 2020 in Phytopathology®
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Scientific communication is facilitated by a data-driven, scientifically sound taxonomy that considers the end-user's needs and established successful practice. Previously (Geiser et al. 2013; Phytopathology 103:400-408. 2013), the Fusarium community voiced near unanimous support for a concept of Fusarium that represented a clade comprising all agriculturally and clinically important Fusarium species, including the F. solani Species Complex (FSSC). Subsequently, this concept was challenged by one research group (Lombard et al. 2015 Studies in Mycology 80: 189-245) who proposed dividing Fusarium into seven genera, including the FSSC as the genus Neocosmospora, with subsequent justification based on claims that the Geiser et al. (2013) concept of Fusarium is polyphyletic (Sandoval-Denis et al. 2018; Persoonia 41:109-129). Here we test this claim, and provide a phylogeny based on exonic nucleotide sequences of 19 orthologous protein-coding genes that strongly support the monophyly of Fusarium including the FSSC. We reassert the practical and scientific argument in support of a Fusarium that includes the FSSC and several other basal lineages, consistent with the longstanding use of this name among plant pathologists, medical mycologists, quarantine officials, regulatory agencies, students and researchers with a stake in its taxonomy. In recognition of this monophyly, 40 species recently described as Neocosmospora were recombined in Fusarium, and nine others were renamed Fusarium. Here the global Fusarium community voices strong support for the inclusion of the FSSC in Fusarium, as it remains the best scientific, nomenclatural and practical taxonomic option available.

ACS Style

David M Geiser; Abdullah Al-Hatmi; Takayuki Aoki; Tsutomu Arie; Virgilio Balmas; Irene Barnes; Gary C Bergstrom; M.K. K. Bhattacharyya; Cheryl L. Blomquist; Robert Bowden; Balázs Brankovics; Daren W. Brown; Lester William Burgess; Kathryn Bushley; Mark Busman; José F. Cano-Lira; Joseph D. Carrillo; Hao-Xun Chang; Chi-Yu Chen; Wanquan Chen; Martin I. Chilvers; Sofia Noemi Chulze; Jeffrey J. Coleman; Christina A. Cuomo; Z. Wilhelm De Beer; G. Sybren De Hoog; Johanna Del Castillo-Múnera; Emerson Del Ponte; Javier Diéguez-Uribeondo; Antonio Di Pietro; Vérnonique Edel-Hermann; Wade H Elmer; Lynn Epstein; Akif Eskalen; Maria Carmela Esposto; Kathryne L. Everts; Sylvia P. Fernández-Pavía; Gilvan Ferreira Da Silva; Nora A Foroud; Gerda Fourie; Rasmus J.N. Frandsen; Stanley Freeman; Michael Freitag; Omer Frenkel; Kevin K Fuller; Tatiana Gagkaeva; Donald Max Gardiner; Anthony E. Glenn; Scott Gold; Tom Gordon; Nancy F. Gregory; Marieka Gryzenhout; Josep Guarro; Beth Gugino; Santiago Gutiérrez; Kim Hammond-Kosack; Linda J. Harris; Mónika Homa; Cheng-Fang Hong; László Hornok; Jenn-Wen Huang; Macit Ilkit; Adriaana Jacobs; Karin Jacobs; Cong Jiang; Maria Del Mar Jimenez-Gasco; Seogchan Kang; Matthew T Kasson; Kemal Kazan; John Carlyle Kennell; Hyeseon Kim; Harold Corby Kistler; Gretchen A. Kuldau; Tomasz Kulik; Oliver Kurzai; Imane Laraba; Matthew H. Laurence; Theresa Yun Lee; Yin-Won Lee; Yong-Hwan Lee; John F. Leslie; Edward C.Y. Liew; Lily W. Lofton; Antonio Logrieco; Manuel Sánchez López-Berges; Alicia Graciela Luque; Erik Lysøe; Li-Jun Ma; Robert E Marra; Frank N. Martin; Sara Ruth May; Susan McCormick; Chyanna T McGee; Jacques F. Meis; Quirico Migheli; Nik Mohd Izham Mohamed Nor; Michel Monod; Antonio Moretti; Diane Mostert; Giuseppina. Mulé; Françoise Munaut; Gary P Munkvold; Paul Nicholson; Marcio Nucci; Kerry O'Donnell; Matias Pasquali; Ludwig H. Pfenning; Anna Prigitano; Robert Proctor; Stéphane Ranque; Stephen Rehner; Martijn Rep; Gerardo Rodríguez-Alvarado; Lindy J Rose; Mitchell George Roth; Carmen Ruiz-Roldán; Amgad A Saleh; Baharuddin Salleh; Hyunkyu Sang; Mercedes Scandiani; Jonathan Scauflaire; David Schmale; Dylan Pg Short; Adnan Šišić; Jason Smith; Christopher W. Smyth; Hokyoung Son; Ellie Spahr; Jason E Stajich; Emma Steenkamp; Christian Steinberg; Rajagopal Subramaniam; Haruhisa Suga; Brett Anthony Summerell; Antonella Susca; Cassandra Lynn Swett; Christopher Toomajian; Terry Jarianna Torres-Cruz; Anna Maria Tortorano; Martin Urban; Lisa J. Vaillancourt; Gary E Vallad; Theo Van Der Lee; Dan Vanderpool; Anne D. Van Diepeningen; Martha Vaughan; Eduard Venter; Marcele Vermeulen; Paul E. Verweij; Altus Viljoen; Cees Waalwijk; Emma C. Wallace; Grit Walther; Jie Wang; Todd Ward; Brian Wickes; Nathan P. Wiederhold; Michael J. Wingfield; Ana K.M. Wood; Jin-Rong Xu; X. B. Yang; Tapani Yli-Matilla; Sung-Hwan Yun; Latiffah Zakaria; Hao Zhang; Ning Zhang; Sean Zhang; Xue Zhang. Phylogenomic analysis of a 55.1 kb 19-gene dataset resolves a monophyletic Fusarium that includes the Fusarium solani Species Complex. Phytopathology® 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

David M Geiser, Abdullah Al-Hatmi, Takayuki Aoki, Tsutomu Arie, Virgilio Balmas, Irene Barnes, Gary C Bergstrom, M.K. K. Bhattacharyya, Cheryl L. Blomquist, Robert Bowden, Balázs Brankovics, Daren W. Brown, Lester William Burgess, Kathryn Bushley, Mark Busman, José F. Cano-Lira, Joseph D. Carrillo, Hao-Xun Chang, Chi-Yu Chen, Wanquan Chen, Martin I. Chilvers, Sofia Noemi Chulze, Jeffrey J. Coleman, Christina A. Cuomo, Z. Wilhelm De Beer, G. Sybren De Hoog, Johanna Del Castillo-Múnera, Emerson Del Ponte, Javier Diéguez-Uribeondo, Antonio Di Pietro, Vérnonique Edel-Hermann, Wade H Elmer, Lynn Epstein, Akif Eskalen, Maria Carmela Esposto, Kathryne L. Everts, Sylvia P. Fernández-Pavía, Gilvan Ferreira Da Silva, Nora A Foroud, Gerda Fourie, Rasmus J.N. Frandsen, Stanley Freeman, Michael Freitag, Omer Frenkel, Kevin K Fuller, Tatiana Gagkaeva, Donald Max Gardiner, Anthony E. Glenn, Scott Gold, Tom Gordon, Nancy F. Gregory, Marieka Gryzenhout, Josep Guarro, Beth Gugino, Santiago Gutiérrez, Kim Hammond-Kosack, Linda J. Harris, Mónika Homa, Cheng-Fang Hong, László Hornok, Jenn-Wen Huang, Macit Ilkit, Adriaana Jacobs, Karin Jacobs, Cong Jiang, Maria Del Mar Jimenez-Gasco, Seogchan Kang, Matthew T Kasson, Kemal Kazan, John Carlyle Kennell, Hyeseon Kim, Harold Corby Kistler, Gretchen A. Kuldau, Tomasz Kulik, Oliver Kurzai, Imane Laraba, Matthew H. Laurence, Theresa Yun Lee, Yin-Won Lee, Yong-Hwan Lee, John F. Leslie, Edward C.Y. Liew, Lily W. Lofton, Antonio Logrieco, Manuel Sánchez López-Berges, Alicia Graciela Luque, Erik Lysøe, Li-Jun Ma, Robert E Marra, Frank N. Martin, Sara Ruth May, Susan McCormick, Chyanna T McGee, Jacques F. Meis, Quirico Migheli, Nik Mohd Izham Mohamed Nor, Michel Monod, Antonio Moretti, Diane Mostert, Giuseppina. Mulé, Françoise Munaut, Gary P Munkvold, Paul Nicholson, Marcio Nucci, Kerry O'Donnell, Matias Pasquali, Ludwig H. Pfenning, Anna Prigitano, Robert Proctor, Stéphane Ranque, Stephen Rehner, Martijn Rep, Gerardo Rodríguez-Alvarado, Lindy J Rose, Mitchell George Roth, Carmen Ruiz-Roldán, Amgad A Saleh, Baharuddin Salleh, Hyunkyu Sang, Mercedes Scandiani, Jonathan Scauflaire, David Schmale, Dylan Pg Short, Adnan Šišić, Jason Smith, Christopher W. Smyth, Hokyoung Son, Ellie Spahr, Jason E Stajich, Emma Steenkamp, Christian Steinberg, Rajagopal Subramaniam, Haruhisa Suga, Brett Anthony Summerell, Antonella Susca, Cassandra Lynn Swett, Christopher Toomajian, Terry Jarianna Torres-Cruz, Anna Maria Tortorano, Martin Urban, Lisa J. Vaillancourt, Gary E Vallad, Theo Van Der Lee, Dan Vanderpool, Anne D. Van Diepeningen, Martha Vaughan, Eduard Venter, Marcele Vermeulen, Paul E. Verweij, Altus Viljoen, Cees Waalwijk, Emma C. Wallace, Grit Walther, Jie Wang, Todd Ward, Brian Wickes, Nathan P. Wiederhold, Michael J. Wingfield, Ana K.M. Wood, Jin-Rong Xu, X. B. Yang, Tapani Yli-Matilla, Sung-Hwan Yun, Latiffah Zakaria, Hao Zhang, Ning Zhang, Sean Zhang, Xue Zhang. Phylogenomic analysis of a 55.1 kb 19-gene dataset resolves a monophyletic Fusarium that includes the Fusarium solani Species Complex. Phytopathology®. 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

David M Geiser; Abdullah Al-Hatmi; Takayuki Aoki; Tsutomu Arie; Virgilio Balmas; Irene Barnes; Gary C Bergstrom; M.K. K. Bhattacharyya; Cheryl L. Blomquist; Robert Bowden; Balázs Brankovics; Daren W. Brown; Lester William Burgess; Kathryn Bushley; Mark Busman; José F. Cano-Lira; Joseph D. Carrillo; Hao-Xun Chang; Chi-Yu Chen; Wanquan Chen; Martin I. Chilvers; Sofia Noemi Chulze; Jeffrey J. Coleman; Christina A. Cuomo; Z. Wilhelm De Beer; G. Sybren De Hoog; Johanna Del Castillo-Múnera; Emerson Del Ponte; Javier Diéguez-Uribeondo; Antonio Di Pietro; Vérnonique Edel-Hermann; Wade H Elmer; Lynn Epstein; Akif Eskalen; Maria Carmela Esposto; Kathryne L. Everts; Sylvia P. Fernández-Pavía; Gilvan Ferreira Da Silva; Nora A Foroud; Gerda Fourie; Rasmus J.N. Frandsen; Stanley Freeman; Michael Freitag; Omer Frenkel; Kevin K Fuller; Tatiana Gagkaeva; Donald Max Gardiner; Anthony E. Glenn; Scott Gold; Tom Gordon; Nancy F. Gregory; Marieka Gryzenhout; Josep Guarro; Beth Gugino; Santiago Gutiérrez; Kim Hammond-Kosack; Linda J. Harris; Mónika Homa; Cheng-Fang Hong; László Hornok; Jenn-Wen Huang; Macit Ilkit; Adriaana Jacobs; Karin Jacobs; Cong Jiang; Maria Del Mar Jimenez-Gasco; Seogchan Kang; Matthew T Kasson; Kemal Kazan; John Carlyle Kennell; Hyeseon Kim; Harold Corby Kistler; Gretchen A. Kuldau; Tomasz Kulik; Oliver Kurzai; Imane Laraba; Matthew H. Laurence; Theresa Yun Lee; Yin-Won Lee; Yong-Hwan Lee; John F. Leslie; Edward C.Y. Liew; Lily W. Lofton; Antonio Logrieco; Manuel Sánchez López-Berges; Alicia Graciela Luque; Erik Lysøe; Li-Jun Ma; Robert E Marra; Frank N. Martin; Sara Ruth May; Susan McCormick; Chyanna T McGee; Jacques F. Meis; Quirico Migheli; Nik Mohd Izham Mohamed Nor; Michel Monod; Antonio Moretti; Diane Mostert; Giuseppina. Mulé; Françoise Munaut; Gary P Munkvold; Paul Nicholson; Marcio Nucci; Kerry O'Donnell; Matias Pasquali; Ludwig H. Pfenning; Anna Prigitano; Robert Proctor; Stéphane Ranque; Stephen Rehner; Martijn Rep; Gerardo Rodríguez-Alvarado; Lindy J Rose; Mitchell George Roth; Carmen Ruiz-Roldán; Amgad A Saleh; Baharuddin Salleh; Hyunkyu Sang; Mercedes Scandiani; Jonathan Scauflaire; David Schmale; Dylan Pg Short; Adnan Šišić; Jason Smith; Christopher W. Smyth; Hokyoung Son; Ellie Spahr; Jason E Stajich; Emma Steenkamp; Christian Steinberg; Rajagopal Subramaniam; Haruhisa Suga; Brett Anthony Summerell; Antonella Susca; Cassandra Lynn Swett; Christopher Toomajian; Terry Jarianna Torres-Cruz; Anna Maria Tortorano; Martin Urban; Lisa J. Vaillancourt; Gary E Vallad; Theo Van Der Lee; Dan Vanderpool; Anne D. Van Diepeningen; Martha Vaughan; Eduard Venter; Marcele Vermeulen; Paul E. Verweij; Altus Viljoen; Cees Waalwijk; Emma C. Wallace; Grit Walther; Jie Wang; Todd Ward; Brian Wickes; Nathan P. Wiederhold; Michael J. Wingfield; Ana K.M. Wood; Jin-Rong Xu; X. B. Yang; Tapani Yli-Matilla; Sung-Hwan Yun; Latiffah Zakaria; Hao Zhang; Ning Zhang; Sean Zhang; Xue Zhang. 2020. "Phylogenomic analysis of a 55.1 kb 19-gene dataset resolves a monophyletic Fusarium that includes the Fusarium solani Species Complex." Phytopathology® , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 10 November 2020 in Sustainability
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The antifungal activity of volatile compounds from the fruit, leaf, rhizome and root of 109 plant species was evaluated against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) race 1—the tomato wilt pathogen—by using the modified dish pack method. Eighty-eight plant samples inhibited mycelial growth, including volatiles from fruits of Heracleum sosnowskyi, which exhibited the strongest antifungal activity, showing 67% inhibition. Two volatile compounds from the fruits of H. sosnowskyi (octanol and octanal) and trans-2-hexenal as a control were tested for their antifungal activities against FOL race 1 and race 2. In terms of half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) values, octanol was found to be the most inhibitory compound for both pathogenic races, with the smallest EC50 values of 8.1 and 9.3 ng/mL for race 1 and race 2, respectively. In the biofumigation experiment, the lowest disease severity of tomato plants and smallest conidial population of race 1 and race 2 were found in trans-2-hexenal and octanol treated soil, while octanal had an inhibitory effect only on race 2. Therefore, our study demonstrated the effectiveness of volatile octanol and trans-2-hexenal on the control of the mycelial growth of two races of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and may have potential for the future development of novel biofumigants.

ACS Style

May Hpoo; Maryia Mishyna; Valery Prokhorov; Tsutomu Arie; Akihito Takano; Yosei Oikawa; Yoshiharu Fujii. Potential of Octanol and Octanal from Heracleum sosnowskyi Fruits for the Control of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9334 .

AMA Style

May Hpoo, Maryia Mishyna, Valery Prokhorov, Tsutomu Arie, Akihito Takano, Yosei Oikawa, Yoshiharu Fujii. Potential of Octanol and Octanal from Heracleum sosnowskyi Fruits for the Control of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (22):9334.

Chicago/Turabian Style

May Hpoo; Maryia Mishyna; Valery Prokhorov; Tsutomu Arie; Akihito Takano; Yosei Oikawa; Yoshiharu Fujii. 2020. "Potential of Octanol and Octanal from Heracleum sosnowskyi Fruits for the Control of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici." Sustainability 12, no. 22: 9334.

Presidential address
Published: 12 October 2020 in Journal of General Plant Pathology
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Tsutomu Arie. A new era in plant pathology in Japan: incorporation of the Phytopathological Society of Japan and research reform directed by genomic studies. Journal of General Plant Pathology 2020, 86, 519 -522.

AMA Style

Tsutomu Arie. A new era in plant pathology in Japan: incorporation of the Phytopathological Society of Japan and research reform directed by genomic studies. Journal of General Plant Pathology. 2020; 86 (6):519-522.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tsutomu Arie. 2020. "A new era in plant pathology in Japan: incorporation of the Phytopathological Society of Japan and research reform directed by genomic studies." Journal of General Plant Pathology 86, no. 6: 519-522.

Preprint content
Published: 07 October 2020
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Many plant pathogenic fungi contain conditionally dispensable (CD) chromosomes that are associated with virulence, but not growth in vitro. Virulence-associated CD chromosomes carry genes encoding effectors and/or host-specific toxin biosynthesis enzymes that may contribute significantly to determining host specificity. Fusarium oxysporum causes devastating diseases of more than 100 plant species. Among a large number of host-specific forms, F. oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans (Focn) can infect Brassicaceae plants including Arabidopsis and cabbage. Here we show that Focn has multiple CD chromosomes involved in virulence but also in vegetative growth, which is an atypical feature of CD chromosomes. We identified specific CD chromosomes that are required for virulence on Arabidopsis, cabbage, or both, and describe a pair of effectors encoded on one of the CD chromosomes that is required for suppression of Arabidopsis-specific phytoalexin-based immunity. The effector pair is highly conserved in F. oxysporum isolates capable of infecting Arabidopsis, but not of other plants. This study provides insight into how host specificity of F. oxysporum may be determined by a pair of effector genes on a transmissible CD chromosome.

ACS Style

Yu Ayukawa; Shuta Asai; Pamela Gan; Ayako Tsushima; Yasunori Ichihashi; Arisa Shibata; Ken Komatsu; Petra M Houterman; Martijn Rep; Ken Shirasu; Tsutomu Arie. A pair of effectors encoded on a conditionally dispensable chromosome of Fusarium oxysporum suppress host-specific immunity. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Yu Ayukawa, Shuta Asai, Pamela Gan, Ayako Tsushima, Yasunori Ichihashi, Arisa Shibata, Ken Komatsu, Petra M Houterman, Martijn Rep, Ken Shirasu, Tsutomu Arie. A pair of effectors encoded on a conditionally dispensable chromosome of Fusarium oxysporum suppress host-specific immunity. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yu Ayukawa; Shuta Asai; Pamela Gan; Ayako Tsushima; Yasunori Ichihashi; Arisa Shibata; Ken Komatsu; Petra M Houterman; Martijn Rep; Ken Shirasu; Tsutomu Arie. 2020. "A pair of effectors encoded on a conditionally dispensable chromosome of Fusarium oxysporum suppress host-specific immunity." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 18 July 2019 in Microbiology Resource Announcements
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Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense is the causal agent of banana Fusarium wilt, also known as Panama disease. Here, we present a high-quality genome sequence of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense strain 160527. The genome assembly is composed of 12 contigs with a total assembly length of 51,139,495 bp ( N 50 contig length, 4,884,632 bp).

ACS Style

Shuta Asai; Yu Ayukawa; Pamela Gan; Sachiko Masuda; Ken Komatsu; Ken Shirasu; Tsutomu Arie. High-Quality Draft Genome Sequence of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Strain 160527, a Causal Agent of Panama Disease. Microbiology Resource Announcements 2019, 8, 1 .

AMA Style

Shuta Asai, Yu Ayukawa, Pamela Gan, Sachiko Masuda, Ken Komatsu, Ken Shirasu, Tsutomu Arie. High-Quality Draft Genome Sequence of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Strain 160527, a Causal Agent of Panama Disease. Microbiology Resource Announcements. 2019; 8 (29):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shuta Asai; Yu Ayukawa; Pamela Gan; Sachiko Masuda; Ken Komatsu; Ken Shirasu; Tsutomu Arie. 2019. "High-Quality Draft Genome Sequence of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Strain 160527, a Causal Agent of Panama Disease." Microbiology Resource Announcements 8, no. 29: 1.

Journal article
Published: 20 February 2019 in Journal of Pesticide Science
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Ultrasound, which refers to frequencies above the audible limit of human hearing, is a candidate for inducing resistance to pathogens in plants. We revealed that aerial ultrasound of 40.5 kHz could induce disease resistance in tomatoes and rice when the plants were irradiated with ultrasound of ca. 100 dB for 2 weeks during nursery season and reduced the incidence of Fusarium wilt and blast diseases, respectively, when plants were inoculated with pathogen 0 or 1 week after terminating irradiation. Disease control efficacy was also observed with ultrasound at frequencies of 19.8 and 28.9 kHz. However, cabbage yellows and powdery mildew on lettuce were not suppressed by ultrasound irradiation. No significant positive or negative effect on growth was observed in tomato and rice plants. RT-qPCR showed that the expression of PR1a involved in the salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathway was upregulated in the ultrasound-irradiated tomato.

ACS Style

Daichi Kawakami; Takanobu Yoshida; Yutaro Kanemaru; Medali Heidi Huarhua Zaquinaula; Tomomichi Mizukami; Michiko Arimoto; Takahiro Shibata; Akihiro Goto; Yoshinari Enami; Hiroshi Amano; Tohru Teraoka; Ken Komatsu; Tsutomu Arie. Induction of resistance to diseases in plant by aerial ultrasound irradiation. Journal of Pesticide Science 2019, 44, 41 -47.

AMA Style

Daichi Kawakami, Takanobu Yoshida, Yutaro Kanemaru, Medali Heidi Huarhua Zaquinaula, Tomomichi Mizukami, Michiko Arimoto, Takahiro Shibata, Akihiro Goto, Yoshinari Enami, Hiroshi Amano, Tohru Teraoka, Ken Komatsu, Tsutomu Arie. Induction of resistance to diseases in plant by aerial ultrasound irradiation. Journal of Pesticide Science. 2019; 44 (1):41-47.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daichi Kawakami; Takanobu Yoshida; Yutaro Kanemaru; Medali Heidi Huarhua Zaquinaula; Tomomichi Mizukami; Michiko Arimoto; Takahiro Shibata; Akihiro Goto; Yoshinari Enami; Hiroshi Amano; Tohru Teraoka; Ken Komatsu; Tsutomu Arie. 2019. "Induction of resistance to diseases in plant by aerial ultrasound irradiation." Journal of Pesticide Science 44, no. 1: 41-47.

Article
Published: 05 September 2018 in European Journal of Plant Pathology
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Plantago asiatica mosaic virus (PlAMV) is a member of the genus Potexvirus in the family Alphaflexiviridae and has been isolated from a variety of host plants. In particular, PlAMV isolates from ornamental lilies (Lilium spp.) cause necrotic symptoms in these plants, which significantly reduces their commercial value. However, it has not been clear whether PlAMV isolates from other host plants differ in their infectivity and/or pathogenicity to ornamental lilies, and whether growth conditions affect infectivity and pathogenicity. In this study, we inoculated an edible lily species (Lilium leichtlinii) and seven varieties of ornamental lilies with two PlAMV isolates, an isolate from ornamental lily (PlAMV-OL) and an isolate from edible lily (PlAMV-Li1). We found that PlAMV-OL showed higher infection rates and exhibited necrotic symptoms more frequently in lilies than PlAMV-Li1. Moreover, we observed higher infection rates of PlAMV-OL in open field than in greenhouse, and higher rates of necrotic symptoms in autumn test than in spring test, suggesting that growth conditions and season affect infectivity and pathogenicity of PlAMV in lilies. Our study would provide important information for estimating the risk of necrotic disease caused by PlAMV, as well as for cultivation management preventing the occurrence of the disease.

ACS Style

Masashi Tanaka; Martin Verbeek; Miki Takehara; Khanh Pham; Miriam Lemmers; Casper Slootweg; Tsutomu Arie; Ken Komatsu. Differences in infectivity and pathogenicity of two Plantago asiatica mosaic virus isolates in lilies. European Journal of Plant Pathology 2018, 153, 813 -823.

AMA Style

Masashi Tanaka, Martin Verbeek, Miki Takehara, Khanh Pham, Miriam Lemmers, Casper Slootweg, Tsutomu Arie, Ken Komatsu. Differences in infectivity and pathogenicity of two Plantago asiatica mosaic virus isolates in lilies. European Journal of Plant Pathology. 2018; 153 (3):813-823.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Masashi Tanaka; Martin Verbeek; Miki Takehara; Khanh Pham; Miriam Lemmers; Casper Slootweg; Tsutomu Arie; Ken Komatsu. 2018. "Differences in infectivity and pathogenicity of two Plantago asiatica mosaic virus isolates in lilies." European Journal of Plant Pathology 153, no. 3: 813-823.

Fungal diseases
Published: 30 July 2018 in Journal of General Plant Pathology
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RNA silencing pathways in filamentous fungi are composed of multiple component proteins and known to be involved in vegetative growth, virulence or sexual reproduction. We found that the tomato wilt fungus, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol), carries four homologues genes of Qde-2, an argonaute protein gene and one of the main component protein genes in Neurospora crassa. Gene targeting revealed that FoQde-2, one of the Qde-2 homologues in Fol, is involved in virulence to tomato but not in vegetative growth.

ACS Style

Seong-Mi Jo; Yu Ayukawa; Sung-Hwan Yun; Ken Komatsu; Tsutomu Arie. A putative RNA silencing component protein FoQde-2 is involved in virulence of the tomato wilt fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Journal of General Plant Pathology 2018, 84, 395 -398.

AMA Style

Seong-Mi Jo, Yu Ayukawa, Sung-Hwan Yun, Ken Komatsu, Tsutomu Arie. A putative RNA silencing component protein FoQde-2 is involved in virulence of the tomato wilt fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Journal of General Plant Pathology. 2018; 84 (6):395-398.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Seong-Mi Jo; Yu Ayukawa; Sung-Hwan Yun; Ken Komatsu; Tsutomu Arie. 2018. "A putative RNA silencing component protein FoQde-2 is involved in virulence of the tomato wilt fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici." Journal of General Plant Pathology 84, no. 6: 395-398.

Fungal diseases
Published: 15 May 2018 in Journal of General Plant Pathology
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Fusarium oxysporum is an ascomycete fungus including plant pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains. Genome analyses have indicated that the karyotype of F. oxysporum is diverse among isolates. Here we used the germ tube burst method (GTBM), a more reliable method than conventional cytology or pulsed field gel electrophoretis, to karyotype isolates of F. oxysporum ff. spp. lycopersici and conglutinans and nonpathogenic F. oxysporum. In this first application of GTBM for F. oxysporum, pathogenic isolates were found to have more chromosomes than in nonpathogenic isolates. We also used a ribosomal DNA probe and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to analyze chromosome structure.

ACS Style

Yu Ayukawa; Ken Komatsu; Masatoki Taga; Tsutomu Arie. Cytological karyotyping of Fusarium oxysporum by the germ tube burst method (GTBM). Journal of General Plant Pathology 2018, 84, 254 -261.

AMA Style

Yu Ayukawa, Ken Komatsu, Masatoki Taga, Tsutomu Arie. Cytological karyotyping of Fusarium oxysporum by the germ tube burst method (GTBM). Journal of General Plant Pathology. 2018; 84 (4):254-261.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yu Ayukawa; Ken Komatsu; Masatoki Taga; Tsutomu Arie. 2018. "Cytological karyotyping of Fusarium oxysporum by the germ tube burst method (GTBM)." Journal of General Plant Pathology 84, no. 4: 254-261.

Disease note
Published: 29 January 2018 in Journal of General Plant Pathology
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In 2016, in Miyakojima, Okinawa, Japan, banana plants (Musa × paradisiaca) ‘Shima-banana’ developed yellowing and wilt associated with vascular discoloration of the pseudostems. Fusarium oxysporum, identified based on morphological characters, was frequently isolated from the vascular tissue of the infected plant and reproduced the original symptoms on ‘Shima-banana’ after drench inoculation with a spore suspension. Thereby, we determined that the disease is Panama disease caused by F. oxysporum. This is the first official report of Panama disease (Panama-byo in Japanese) of banana in Japan.

ACS Style

Takao Nitani; Kotaro Akai; Ryo Hasegawa; Yu Ayukawa; Ricardo Romero Garcia; Atsushi Chitose; Ken Komatsu; Hidehiko Kikuno; Keiko T. Natsuaki; Tsutomu Arie. Panama disease of banana occurred in Miyakojima Island, Okinawa, Japan. Journal of General Plant Pathology 2018, 84, 165 -168.

AMA Style

Takao Nitani, Kotaro Akai, Ryo Hasegawa, Yu Ayukawa, Ricardo Romero Garcia, Atsushi Chitose, Ken Komatsu, Hidehiko Kikuno, Keiko T. Natsuaki, Tsutomu Arie. Panama disease of banana occurred in Miyakojima Island, Okinawa, Japan. Journal of General Plant Pathology. 2018; 84 (2):165-168.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Takao Nitani; Kotaro Akai; Ryo Hasegawa; Yu Ayukawa; Ricardo Romero Garcia; Atsushi Chitose; Ken Komatsu; Hidehiko Kikuno; Keiko T. Natsuaki; Tsutomu Arie. 2018. "Panama disease of banana occurred in Miyakojima Island, Okinawa, Japan." Journal of General Plant Pathology 84, no. 2: 165-168.

Journal article
Published: 25 January 2017 in Molecular Plant Pathology
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Plant viruses in the genus Carlavirus include more than 65 members. Plants infected with carlaviruses exhibit various symptoms, including leaf malformation and plant stunting. Cysteine-rich protein (CRP) encoded by carlaviruses has been reported to be a pathogenicity determinant. Carlavirus CRPs contain two motifs in their central part: a nuclear localization signal (NLS) and a zinc finger motif (ZF). In addition to these two conserved motifs, carlavirus CRPs possess highly divergent, N-terminal, 34 amino acid residues with unknown function. In this study, to analyse the role of these distinct domains, we tested six carlavirus CRPs for their RNA silencing suppressor activity, ability to enhance the pathogenicity of a heterologous virus and effects on virus accumulation levels. Although all six tested carlavirus CRPs showed RNA silencing suppressor activity at similar levels, symptoms induced by the Potato virus X (PVX) heterogeneous system exhibited two different patterns: leaf malformation and whole-plant stunting. The expression of each carlavirus CRP enhanced PVX accumulation levels, which were not correlated with symptom patterns. PVX-expressing CRP with mutations in either NLS or ZF did not induce symptoms, suggesting that both motifs play critical roles in symptom expression. Further analysis using chimeric CRPs, in which the N-terminal region was replaced with the corresponding region of another CRP, suggested that the N-terminal region of carlavirus CRPs determined the exhibited symptom types. The up-regulation of a plant gene upp-L, which has been reported in a previous study, was also observed in this study; however, the expression level was not responsible for symptom types.

ACS Style

Naoko Fujita; Ken Komatsu; Yu Ayukawa; Yuki Matsuo; Masayoshi Hashimoto; Osamu Netsu; Tohru Teraoka; Yasuyuki Yamaji; Shigetou Namba; Tsutomu Arie. N-terminal region of cysteine-rich protein (CRP) in carlaviruses is involved in the determination of symptom types. Molecular Plant Pathology 2017, 19, 180 -190.

AMA Style

Naoko Fujita, Ken Komatsu, Yu Ayukawa, Yuki Matsuo, Masayoshi Hashimoto, Osamu Netsu, Tohru Teraoka, Yasuyuki Yamaji, Shigetou Namba, Tsutomu Arie. N-terminal region of cysteine-rich protein (CRP) in carlaviruses is involved in the determination of symptom types. Molecular Plant Pathology. 2017; 19 (1):180-190.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Naoko Fujita; Ken Komatsu; Yu Ayukawa; Yuki Matsuo; Masayoshi Hashimoto; Osamu Netsu; Tohru Teraoka; Yasuyuki Yamaji; Shigetou Namba; Tsutomu Arie. 2017. "N-terminal region of cysteine-rich protein (CRP) in carlaviruses is involved in the determination of symptom types." Molecular Plant Pathology 19, no. 1: 180-190.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2017 in Fungal Genetics and Biology
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A small chromosome in reference isolate 4287 of F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) has been designated as a 'pathogenicity chromosome' because it carries several pathogenicity related genes such as the Secreted In Xylem (SIX) genes. Sequence assembly of small chromosomes in other isolates, based on a reference genome template, is difficult because of karyotype variation among isolates and a high number of sequences associated with transposable elements. These factors often result in misassembly of sequences, making it unclear whether other isolates possess the same pathogenicity chromosome harboring SIX genes as in the reference isolate. To overcome this difficulty, single chromosome sequencing after Contour-clamped Homogeneous Electric Field (CHEF) separation of chromosomes was performed, followed by de novo assembly of sequences. The assembled sequences of individual chromosomes were consistent with results of probing gels of CHEF separated chromosomes with SIX genes. Individual chromosome sequencing revealed that several SIX genes are located on a single small chromosome in two pathogenic forms of F. oxysporum, beyond the reference isolate 4287, and in the cabbage yellows fungus F. oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans. The particular combination of SIX genes on each small chromosome varied. Moreover, not all SIX genes were found on small chromosomes; depending on the isolate, some were on big chromosomes. This suggests that recombination of chromosomes and/or translocation of SIX genes may occur frequently. Our method improves sequence comparison of small chromosomes among isolates.

ACS Style

Takeshi Kashiwa; Toshinori Kozaki; Kazuo Ishii; Barbara Turgeon; Tohru Teraoka; Ken Komatsu; Tsutomu Arie. Sequencing of individual chromosomes of plant pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum. Fungal Genetics and Biology 2017, 98, 46 -51.

AMA Style

Takeshi Kashiwa, Toshinori Kozaki, Kazuo Ishii, Barbara Turgeon, Tohru Teraoka, Ken Komatsu, Tsutomu Arie. Sequencing of individual chromosomes of plant pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum. Fungal Genetics and Biology. 2017; 98 ():46-51.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Takeshi Kashiwa; Toshinori Kozaki; Kazuo Ishii; Barbara Turgeon; Tohru Teraoka; Ken Komatsu; Tsutomu Arie. 2017. "Sequencing of individual chromosomes of plant pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum." Fungal Genetics and Biology 98, no. : 46-51.

Short communication
Published: 12 November 2016 in Planta
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A LAMP-mediated, simple and rapid method for sex identification in spinach was developed. Nutrient compositional analysis showed a higher iron content in male than female plants. Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) is a dioecious plant with its sex determined by the XY system. Male and female floral organs differ morphologically, but plants do not differ in the vegetative stage before flowering. PCR with Y chromosome markers has been used to determine the sex of dioecious plants before flowering. In this study, we developed a genotype-specific loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for sex identification of individual vegetative-stage spinach plants, using primers designed for the genomic region flanked by male-specific markers. LAMP could specifically detect spinach males. The method was further modified to omit DNA purification and use just an aliquot of crude leaf extract homogenized in water. We compared the nutrient composition of males and females, finding higher amounts of iron in the males. Our method could therefore be used for rapidly discriminating male plants in the field, which is useful for efficient hybrid breeding.

ACS Style

Naoko Fujita; Yu Ayukawa; Mitsutoshi Fuke; Tohru Teraoka; Kyoko Watanabe; Tsutomu Arie; Ken Komatsu. Rapid sex identification method of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) in the vegetative stage using loop-mediated isothermal amplification. Planta 2016, 245, 221 -226.

AMA Style

Naoko Fujita, Yu Ayukawa, Mitsutoshi Fuke, Tohru Teraoka, Kyoko Watanabe, Tsutomu Arie, Ken Komatsu. Rapid sex identification method of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) in the vegetative stage using loop-mediated isothermal amplification. Planta. 2016; 245 (1):221-226.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Naoko Fujita; Yu Ayukawa; Mitsutoshi Fuke; Tohru Teraoka; Kyoko Watanabe; Tsutomu Arie; Ken Komatsu. 2016. "Rapid sex identification method of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) in the vegetative stage using loop-mediated isothermal amplification." Planta 245, no. 1: 221-226.

Journal article
Published: 02 August 2016 in Journal of General Plant Pathology
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For the specific detection of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans (Foc), we designed a primer set for PCR and a primer–probe set for real-time PCR based on its endopolygalacturonase gene sequence. Using the primer set, we could distinguish Foc from other pathogenic forms and nonpathogenic isolates of F. oxysporum. Moreover, we detected the fungus by real-time PCR using DNA isolated from soil. Sensitivity of real-time PCR was improved 10- to 10,000-fold by adding bovine serum albumin or by performing pre-PCR. Our method can detect Foc in the soil at a density that causes only slight yellows symptom.

ACS Style

Takeshi Kashiwa; Keigo Inami; Tohru Teraoka; Ken Komatsu; Tsutomu Arie. Detection of cabbage yellows fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans in soil by PCR and real-time PCR. Journal of General Plant Pathology 2016, 82, 240 -247.

AMA Style

Takeshi Kashiwa, Keigo Inami, Tohru Teraoka, Ken Komatsu, Tsutomu Arie. Detection of cabbage yellows fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans in soil by PCR and real-time PCR. Journal of General Plant Pathology. 2016; 82 (5):240-247.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Takeshi Kashiwa; Keigo Inami; Tohru Teraoka; Ken Komatsu; Tsutomu Arie. 2016. "Detection of cabbage yellows fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans in soil by PCR and real-time PCR." Journal of General Plant Pathology 82, no. 5: 240-247.