Consecutive hydrosilylation-based syntheses were performed of silsesquioxanes containing mixed groups 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyl (PFD) or octafluoropentyloxypropyl (OFP) and trimethoxysilylethyl (TMS) in different stoichiometric ratios. The presence of TMS makes it possible to form covalent bonds with substrates due to the reactivity of this group. All obtained derivatives were applied to hydrophobization of glass plates and by comparison of water contact angles (WCA) on modified surfaces the effect of silsesquioxane structure as well as TMS and fluoroalkyl group contents on hydrophobic properties was determined. Moreover, an additional glass plates surface modification was performed in order to obtain superhydrophobic surfaces. Two silica types of different specific surface (300 and 130 m²/g) and particle size (7 and 16 nm) parameters were used in this case for initial surface modification in order to increase its roughness. Irrespectively of particle size of applied silica, a dependence was found between the increase in water contact angle and the number of fluoroalkyl substituents in a molecule.

Hydrophobic powders were obtained via surface modification of silica or magnesium silicate with selected silanes. A modified precipitation method, carried out in an emulsion system, was used for monodisperse silica synthesis, while magnesium silicate was precipitated in a traditional water system. Functionalization of the obtained inorganic supports was performed with selected alkylsilanes: one newly synthesized, 3‐(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5‐octafluoropentyloxy)propyltriethoxysilane (OPF), and two commercial, octadecylsilane (ODS) and octyltriethoxysilane C₁₄H₃₂O₃Si (OCS), in amounts of 3, 5, or 10 weight parts by mass of SiO₂. It was determined how the chemical modification of the silica or magnesium silicate surface affected its physicochemical properties. The dispersive characteristics of both unmodified and functionalized silica‐based systems were evaluated. The morphology and microstructure of the samples obtained were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. The parameters of porous structure of the prepared systems were evaluated on the basis of BET equation as well as nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms. Wettability tests as well as elemental analysis of the obtained inorganic oxide hybrids were also performed. In order to verify the effectiveness of silica and magnesium silicate surface functionalization with selected silanes, FTIR spectra were investigated. The resulting experimental data allowed calculation of the degree of coverage of the silica‐based systems with modifying agents.

Fluorofunctional silanes, polysiloxanes and silsesquioxanes were used for the modification of glass surfaces and their influence on hydrophobic properties were determined. To increase hydrophobicity of the surface, the modification was performed in two stages: (i) by a pretreatment using a silica sol (a rise in the surface roughness), and (ii) modification with the above silicon compounds. The hydrophobicity was determined by measuring the contact angle by drop profile tensiometry. The fluorocarbofunctional organosilicon derivatives examined were found to be good precursors for the synthesis of highly hydrophobic materials and coatings. In some cases the contact angles measured after surface modification exceeded 150°, i.e. they fell in the range characteristic of superhydrophobic surfaces.