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The traditional approach to childhood obesity prevention and treatment should fit most patients, but misdiagnosis and treatment failure could be observed in some cases that lie away from average as part of individual variation or misclassification. Here, we reflect on the contributions that high-throughput technologies such as next-generation sequencing, mass spectrometry–based metabolomics and microbiome analysis make towards a personalized medicine approach to childhood obesity. We hypothesize that diagnosing a child as someone with obesity captures only part of the phenotype; and that metabolomics, genomics, transcriptomics and analyses of the gut microbiome, could add precision to the term “obese,” providing novel corresponding biomarkers. Identifying a cluster –omic signature in a given child can thus facilitate the development of personalized prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic approaches. It can also be applied to the monitoring of symptoms/signs evolution, treatment choices and efficacy, predisposition to drug-related side effects and potential relapse. This article is a narrative review of the literature and summary of the main observations, conclusions and perspectives raised during the annual meeting of the European Childhood Obesity Group. Authors discuss some recent advances and future perspectives on utilizing a systems approach to understanding and managing childhood obesity in the context of the existing omics data.
Aneta Gawlik; Anne Salonen; Ching Jian; Chen Yanover; Aleksandra Antosz; Michael Shmoish; Malgorzata Wasniewska; Abdullah Bereket; Stefan A. Wudy; Michaela F. Hartmann; David Thivel; Pawel Matusik; Daniel Weghuber; Ze'ev Hochberg. Personalized approach to childhood obesity: Lessons from gut microbiota and omics studies. Narrative review and insights from the 29th European childhood obesity congress. Pediatric Obesity 2021, e12835 .
AMA StyleAneta Gawlik, Anne Salonen, Ching Jian, Chen Yanover, Aleksandra Antosz, Michael Shmoish, Malgorzata Wasniewska, Abdullah Bereket, Stefan A. Wudy, Michaela F. Hartmann, David Thivel, Pawel Matusik, Daniel Weghuber, Ze'ev Hochberg. Personalized approach to childhood obesity: Lessons from gut microbiota and omics studies. Narrative review and insights from the 29th European childhood obesity congress. Pediatric Obesity. 2021; ():e12835.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAneta Gawlik; Anne Salonen; Ching Jian; Chen Yanover; Aleksandra Antosz; Michael Shmoish; Malgorzata Wasniewska; Abdullah Bereket; Stefan A. Wudy; Michaela F. Hartmann; David Thivel; Pawel Matusik; Daniel Weghuber; Ze'ev Hochberg. 2021. "Personalized approach to childhood obesity: Lessons from gut microbiota and omics studies. Narrative review and insights from the 29th European childhood obesity congress." Pediatric Obesity , no. : e12835.
In France, the evolution of dietary pattern relative to sustainability and global health remains insufficiently studied. The objective of this study was to assess dietary changes during 1998–2015 through three generic metrics potentially related to sustainability. Food consumption data were collected from three French National Individual Study of Food Consumption surveys (INCA) for children (0–17 years) and adults (18–79 years) representative of the French population. The consumed foods were converted into plant (metric 1) and non-ultra-processed (UPF, metric 2) calories, and analyzed in meeting dietary recommended intakes (metric 3). French children and adults consumed high levels of animal and UPF calories, and nutrient deficiencies were observed in adults from the 2015 survey, e.g., fiber, EPA, DHA, magnesium, retinol, and vitamin C. In children, UPF daily calories increased from 42.8 to 45.5% and decreased in adults from 39.2 to 35.0%. In children and adults, diet revegetation was observed. While the level of physical activity decreased, overweight, obesity and type 2 diabetes prevalence increased in French adults. The French dietary pattern is not sustainable for global health unless public health policy is reinforced, with at least a twofold decrease in animal and UPF calories and improved food diversity.
Anthony Fardet; David Thivel; Laurent Gerbaud; Edmond Rock. A Sustainable and Global Health Perspective of the Dietary Pattern of French Population during the 1998–2015 Period from INCA Surveys. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7433 .
AMA StyleAnthony Fardet, David Thivel, Laurent Gerbaud, Edmond Rock. A Sustainable and Global Health Perspective of the Dietary Pattern of French Population during the 1998–2015 Period from INCA Surveys. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (13):7433.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnthony Fardet; David Thivel; Laurent Gerbaud; Edmond Rock. 2021. "A Sustainable and Global Health Perspective of the Dietary Pattern of French Population during the 1998–2015 Period from INCA Surveys." Sustainability 13, no. 13: 7433.
Background: There is an alarming and constant worldwide progression of physical inactivity and sedentary behaviors in children and adolescents. The present paper summarizes findings from France’s 2020 Report Card on physical activity for children and youth, comparing its results to its 2 previous editions (2016 and 2018). Methods: France’s 2020 Report Card follows the standardized methodology established by the Active Healthy Kids Global Matrix, grading 10 common physical activity indicators using the best available evidence. The grades were informed by national surveys, peer-reviewed literature, government and nongovernment reports, and online information. Results: The expert panel awarded the following grades: Overall Physical Activity: D; Organized Sport Participation and Physical Activity: C−; Active Play: INC; Active Transportation: C−; Sedentary Behaviors: D−; Family and Peers: D−; Physical Fitness: D; School: B−; Community and the Built Environment: F; Government: C. Conclusions: This 2020 edition of France’s Report Card again highlights the alarming levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviors among French children and adolescents, calling for the development of effective national action. It also draws attention to the particular deleterious effects of the COVID-19 confinement on youth’s movement behaviors, which significantly worsened the situation.
Alicia Fillon; Pauline Genin; Benjamin Larras; Jeremy Vanhelst; Maxime Luiggi; Salome Aubert; Charlotte Verdot; Olivier Rey; Lena Lhuisset; Julien Bois; Nicole Fearnbach; Martine Duclos; David Thivel. France’s 2020 Report Card on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors in Children and Youth: Results and Progression. Journal of Physical Activity and Health 2021, 18, 811 -817.
AMA StyleAlicia Fillon, Pauline Genin, Benjamin Larras, Jeremy Vanhelst, Maxime Luiggi, Salome Aubert, Charlotte Verdot, Olivier Rey, Lena Lhuisset, Julien Bois, Nicole Fearnbach, Martine Duclos, David Thivel. France’s 2020 Report Card on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors in Children and Youth: Results and Progression. Journal of Physical Activity and Health. 2021; 18 (7):811-817.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlicia Fillon; Pauline Genin; Benjamin Larras; Jeremy Vanhelst; Maxime Luiggi; Salome Aubert; Charlotte Verdot; Olivier Rey; Lena Lhuisset; Julien Bois; Nicole Fearnbach; Martine Duclos; David Thivel. 2021. "France’s 2020 Report Card on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors in Children and Youth: Results and Progression." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 18, no. 7: 811-817.
This study was conducted to assess the validity and reliability of a new questionnaire, the ONAPS-PAQ, developed to assess physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviors (SB) in the general population. A total of 137 healthy adults aged 18 to 69 years were included. Following completion of two physical activity questionnaires (ONAPS-PAQ and GPAQ, the Global physical activity questionnaire) to study concurrent validity, participants wore an accelerometer (UKK-RM42) for 7 days to study criterion validity. A subsample (n = 36) also completed a 7-day-interval test–retest protocol to assess its reliability. Reliability was tested by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Kappa coefficient; concurrent and criterion validity by the Spearman correlation coefficient (ρ) and Bland-Altman plot analyses. The ONAPS-PAQ showed good reliability (ICC = 0.71–0.98; Kappa = 0.61–0.99) and concurrent validity (ρ = 0.56–0.86), but only poor criterion validity (ρ = 0.26–0.41), and wide limits of agreement. Self-reported and accelerometer-measured SB were better correlated with ONAPS-PAQ than GPAQ (0.41 vs. 0.26, respectively) and medians were comparable, whereas the GPAQ underestimated SB (SBacc = 481 (432–566), SBONAPS = 480 (360–652), SBGPAQ = 360 (240–540) min·day−1; median (q1-q3)). The ONAPS-PAQ provides good reliability and acceptable validity for the measurement of PA and SB and seems to provide a better assessment of SB than GPAQ.
Marc Charles; David Thivel; Julien Verney; Laurie Isacco; Pauliina Husu; Henri Vähä-Ypyä; Tommi Vasankari; Michèle Tardieu; Alicia Fillon; Pauline Genin; Benjamin Larras; Bruno Chabanas; Bruno Pereira; Martine Duclos. Reliability and Validity of the ONAPS Physical Activity Questionnaire in Assessing Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in French Adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 5643 .
AMA StyleMarc Charles, David Thivel, Julien Verney, Laurie Isacco, Pauliina Husu, Henri Vähä-Ypyä, Tommi Vasankari, Michèle Tardieu, Alicia Fillon, Pauline Genin, Benjamin Larras, Bruno Chabanas, Bruno Pereira, Martine Duclos. Reliability and Validity of the ONAPS Physical Activity Questionnaire in Assessing Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in French Adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (11):5643.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarc Charles; David Thivel; Julien Verney; Laurie Isacco; Pauliina Husu; Henri Vähä-Ypyä; Tommi Vasankari; Michèle Tardieu; Alicia Fillon; Pauline Genin; Benjamin Larras; Bruno Chabanas; Bruno Pereira; Martine Duclos. 2021. "Reliability and Validity of the ONAPS Physical Activity Questionnaire in Assessing Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in French Adults." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 11: 5643.
David Thivel; Michéle Tardieu; Pauline Genin; Alicia Fillon; Benjamin Larras; Pierre Melsens; Julien Bois; Frédéric Dutheil; Francois Carré; Gregory Ninot; Jean-Francois Toussaint; Daniel Rivière; Yves Boirie; Bruno Pereira; Angelo Tremblay; Martine Duclos. COVID-19–Related National Re-confinement: Recommendations From the National French Observatory for Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors (ONAPS). Journal of Physical Activity and Health 2021, 18, 474 -476.
AMA StyleDavid Thivel, Michéle Tardieu, Pauline Genin, Alicia Fillon, Benjamin Larras, Pierre Melsens, Julien Bois, Frédéric Dutheil, Francois Carré, Gregory Ninot, Jean-Francois Toussaint, Daniel Rivière, Yves Boirie, Bruno Pereira, Angelo Tremblay, Martine Duclos. COVID-19–Related National Re-confinement: Recommendations From the National French Observatory for Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors (ONAPS). Journal of Physical Activity and Health. 2021; 18 (5):474-476.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDavid Thivel; Michéle Tardieu; Pauline Genin; Alicia Fillon; Benjamin Larras; Pierre Melsens; Julien Bois; Frédéric Dutheil; Francois Carré; Gregory Ninot; Jean-Francois Toussaint; Daniel Rivière; Yves Boirie; Bruno Pereira; Angelo Tremblay; Martine Duclos. 2021. "COVID-19–Related National Re-confinement: Recommendations From the National French Observatory for Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors (ONAPS)." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 18, no. 5: 474-476.
A growing interest in constitutional thinness has been observed in the last decades, but the publications however cover various fields of study and report equivocal results. The present work systematically reviewed any clinical trials enrolling participants with constitutional thinness and bibliographic researches were performed between December 2018 and June 2020. From a total of 1 212 records initially identified, 402 records were removed as duplicates, 381 articles were excluded based on titles or abstracts and 390 references were excluded against eligibility criteria. Thirty-nine articles were finally included in the systematic review. The results showed that constitutionally thin people seem to be underweight but not underfat and present a fat-free mass as blunted as anorexic patients, despite being a little less underweight. The meta-analysis confirmed that constitutionally thin people present normal energy intake and revealed a trend toward a higher resting metabolic rate to fat-free mass ratio which suggests a highly metabolic fat-free mass. Contrary to patients with anorexia nervosa, constitutionally thin people present normal levels of insulin-like growth factor 1, estradiol, growth hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone. An intermediate level of leptin between anorexic and control participants was however observed in constitutional thinness. While all the studies reported normal free triiodothyronine and cortisol levels in constitutionally thin individuals, a higher fasting free triiodothyronine level (p = 0.033) and a lower 24 h mean cortisol level (p = 0.005) were observed for the first time. Present results give robust evidence that constitutionally thin people present an atypical phenotype highly different from anorexia nervosa.
Mélina Bailly; Audrey Boscaro; Bruno Pereira; Léonard Féasson; Yves Boirie; Natacha Germain; Bogdan Galusca; Daniel Courteix; David Thivel; Julien Verney. Is constitutional thinness really different from anorexia nervosa? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders 2021, 1 -59.
AMA StyleMélina Bailly, Audrey Boscaro, Bruno Pereira, Léonard Féasson, Yves Boirie, Natacha Germain, Bogdan Galusca, Daniel Courteix, David Thivel, Julien Verney. Is constitutional thinness really different from anorexia nervosa? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders. 2021; ():1-59.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMélina Bailly; Audrey Boscaro; Bruno Pereira; Léonard Féasson; Yves Boirie; Natacha Germain; Bogdan Galusca; Daniel Courteix; David Thivel; Julien Verney. 2021. "Is constitutional thinness really different from anorexia nervosa? A systematic review and meta-analysis." Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders , no. : 1-59.
Background: Stress is a significant public health concern that can be self-evaluated using the job control demands model from Karasek. Emergency health care workers are particularly exposed to stress because of the intrinsic characteristics associated with the job (i.e., life-threatening emergencies, overcrowding, lack of bed spaces). However, these attributes have never been studied using the Karasek model. Methods: An observational, prospective, multicentric study in French Emergency Departments will be conducted using a cohort of emergency health care workers. Four questionnaires before a control day and after a nightshift will be assessed every 5 years in the same emergency departments. Also, the Karasek questionnaire, a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory scale, the Hospital Anxiety, Depression Scale, and a food intake questionnaire will be evaluated. Salivary biomarkers (cortisol, immunoglobulin A, lysozyme) will be collected from every emergency health care worker who consents to participating in the study. Conclusion: This study will provide a point of care for the emergency health care workers’ stress situation every 5 years. Ethics: This protocol was registered in Clinical Trials under the identification NCT02401607 after the French Ethics Committee’s approval.
Jean-Baptiste Bouillon-Minois; Marion Trousselard; Bruno Pereira; Jeannot Schmidt; Maelys Clinchamps; David Thivel; Ukadike Ugbolue; Farès Moustafa; Céline Occelli; Guillaume Vallet; Frédéric Dutheil. Protocol of the Study on Emergency Health Care Workers’ Responses Evaluated by Karasek Questionnaire: The SEEK-Study Protocol. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 4068 .
AMA StyleJean-Baptiste Bouillon-Minois, Marion Trousselard, Bruno Pereira, Jeannot Schmidt, Maelys Clinchamps, David Thivel, Ukadike Ugbolue, Farès Moustafa, Céline Occelli, Guillaume Vallet, Frédéric Dutheil. Protocol of the Study on Emergency Health Care Workers’ Responses Evaluated by Karasek Questionnaire: The SEEK-Study Protocol. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (8):4068.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJean-Baptiste Bouillon-Minois; Marion Trousselard; Bruno Pereira; Jeannot Schmidt; Maelys Clinchamps; David Thivel; Ukadike Ugbolue; Farès Moustafa; Céline Occelli; Guillaume Vallet; Frédéric Dutheil. 2021. "Protocol of the Study on Emergency Health Care Workers’ Responses Evaluated by Karasek Questionnaire: The SEEK-Study Protocol." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 8: 4068.
Introduction: A national confinement was imposed in France in March 2020 during 55 days to prevent the spread of the virus and protect vulnerable people such as older individuals. This study aimed to describe the movement behaviors, and their determinants, of elderly people (≥ 65 years) during the confinement. Methods: An online survey was conducted from April 1st, 2020 to May 6th, 2020 by the National Observatory for Physical Activity and Sedentary behaviors. This study compared the level of physical activity (PA), sitting and screen time before and during the confinement and identified the impact of initial PA, sedentary profiles of the participants and housing conditions. Results: 1,178 people were included in this study. Reaching PA recommendations before lock-down was associated with the change in PA level during lock-down (p < .001). Besides, geographic location was associated with the change in PA, sitting time and screen time during lock-down (respectively p = .03, p = .02, p = .02). Conclusion: This study confirm the negative impact of confinement on senior movement behaviors, whether or not they met with public health recommendations prior to the pandemic. The housing conditions of older people must be also taken into future public health policies.
C Chambonniere; C Lambert; M Tardieu; A Fillon; P Genin; B Larras; P Melsens; Js Baker; B Pereira; A Tremblay; D Thivel; M Duclos. Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior of Elderly Populations during Confinement: Results from the FRENCH COVID-19 ONAPS Survey. Experimental Aging Research 2021, 47, 401 -413.
AMA StyleC Chambonniere, C Lambert, M Tardieu, A Fillon, P Genin, B Larras, P Melsens, Js Baker, B Pereira, A Tremblay, D Thivel, M Duclos. Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior of Elderly Populations during Confinement: Results from the FRENCH COVID-19 ONAPS Survey. Experimental Aging Research. 2021; 47 (5):401-413.
Chicago/Turabian StyleC Chambonniere; C Lambert; M Tardieu; A Fillon; P Genin; B Larras; P Melsens; Js Baker; B Pereira; A Tremblay; D Thivel; M Duclos. 2021. "Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior of Elderly Populations during Confinement: Results from the FRENCH COVID-19 ONAPS Survey." Experimental Aging Research 47, no. 5: 401-413.
Constitutional thinness is defined as a state of severe underweight with a body mass index similar to anorectic patients (BMI < 17.5 kg/m2), in the absence of any eating disorders or other obvious disruptive factors impacting energy balance. The analysis of body composition is essential as a first approach to characterize constitutional thinness and might help identify new discriminating differences between constitutional thinness and anorexia nervosa. A meta-analytical approach was performed to compare body composition of constitutionally thin, anorectic, and normal-weight subjects from all available studies found in the literature. The statistical analysis was carried out on large sample sizes: n = 205 females with constitutional thinness, n = 228 normal-weight control females, and n = 258 females with anorexia nervosa. Despite being as underweight as anorectic patients, constitutionally thin participants paradoxically presented higher percentages of fat mass than anorectic patients (18.9% vs. 11.4%, respectively; SMD [95% CI]: 1.62 [1.16; 2.08]), even found in the normal healthy ranges. Constitutionally thin people, however, display as low fat-free mass as anorectic patients. These observations question the use of high-fat diets in this population and bring new insights for nutrition and/or training strategies directed toward muscle mass gain. The present results give new elements to further distinguish constitutional thinness from anorexia nervosa and reinforce the need to better investigate the atypical phenotype of constitutional thinness.
Mélina Bailly; Audrey Boscaro; Bruno Pereira; Daniel Courteix; Natacha Germain; Bogdan Galusca; Yves Boirie; David Thivel; Julien Verney. Underweight but not underfat: is fat-free mass a key factor in constitutionally thin women? European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2021, 1 -7.
AMA StyleMélina Bailly, Audrey Boscaro, Bruno Pereira, Daniel Courteix, Natacha Germain, Bogdan Galusca, Yves Boirie, David Thivel, Julien Verney. Underweight but not underfat: is fat-free mass a key factor in constitutionally thin women? European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2021; ():1-7.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMélina Bailly; Audrey Boscaro; Bruno Pereira; Daniel Courteix; Natacha Germain; Bogdan Galusca; Yves Boirie; David Thivel; Julien Verney. 2021. "Underweight but not underfat: is fat-free mass a key factor in constitutionally thin women?" European Journal of Clinical Nutrition , no. : 1-7.
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate energy expenditure, food intake and appetite feelings in response to water- vs. land-based cycling exercises in healthy young women. Methods: Anthropometric measurements and body composition were assessed among 20 women who performed four experimental sessions in a randomized order: (i) a rest condition (CONT); (ii) a 30-min aqua-cycling exercise session (WAT), (iii) a 30-min land-cycling exercise session at the same rpm (LAND), (iv) a land-cycling session at the same heart rate and isoenergetic to WAT (LAND-Iso). Energy expenditure and substrate oxidation were measured by indirect calorimetry; ad libitum energy intake during subsequent lunch was assessed with appetite feelings recorded at regular intervals. Results: Energy expenditure was higher during the 30-min WAT than during CONT and LAND (p < 0.001). Carbohydrate oxidation was higher in the WAT session compared to CONT and LAND (p < 0.05). LAND-Iso duration was significantly increased (+14 min) to reach the same energy expenditure as in the WAT condition (p < 0.05). There was no differences in food intake between sessions. Conclusion: While further studies are needed to optimize the chronic energetic effects of aqua-cycling, the present study suggests that this exercise modality could represent an efficient strategy to induce acute energy deficit.
Lore Metz; Laurie Isacco; Nicole Fearnbach; Bruno Pereira; David Thivel; Martine Duclos. Energy Intake and Appetite Sensations Responses to Aquatic Cycling in Healthy Women: The WatHealth Study. Nutrients 2021, 13, 1051 .
AMA StyleLore Metz, Laurie Isacco, Nicole Fearnbach, Bruno Pereira, David Thivel, Martine Duclos. Energy Intake and Appetite Sensations Responses to Aquatic Cycling in Healthy Women: The WatHealth Study. Nutrients. 2021; 13 (4):1051.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLore Metz; Laurie Isacco; Nicole Fearnbach; Bruno Pereira; David Thivel; Martine Duclos. 2021. "Energy Intake and Appetite Sensations Responses to Aquatic Cycling in Healthy Women: The WatHealth Study." Nutrients 13, no. 4: 1051.
The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the effects of active desks in the school setting on sedentary behavior, physical activity, academic achievements and overall health among children and adolescents aged 5–17 years. A systematic literature search was conducted using five databases until October 2020. Twenty-three studies were included. Studies reported an increase of around 36% in energy expenditure for cycling desks and between 15% and 27.7% for upright active desks. Children increased inhibitory control and selective attention capacity while using cycling desks. A heterogeneous quality of design and of results were observed limiting comparisons and conclusions for each active desk. Despite the lack of strong methodology for the included studies, active desks appear to be a promising intervention in classrooms to improve health-related outcomes in children aged 5–17 years. Due to weak methodology, future studies with stronger study designs and methodology are needed to better inform policy and practice about the role of classroom active desks on health-related outcomes in children and adolescents.
Terry Guirado; Camille Chambonnière; Jean-Philippe Chaput; Lore Metz; David Thivel; Martine Duclos. Effects of Classroom Active Desks on Children and Adolescents’ Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, Academic Achievements and Overall Health: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 2828 .
AMA StyleTerry Guirado, Camille Chambonnière, Jean-Philippe Chaput, Lore Metz, David Thivel, Martine Duclos. Effects of Classroom Active Desks on Children and Adolescents’ Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, Academic Achievements and Overall Health: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (6):2828.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTerry Guirado; Camille Chambonnière; Jean-Philippe Chaput; Lore Metz; David Thivel; Martine Duclos. 2021. "Effects of Classroom Active Desks on Children and Adolescents’ Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, Academic Achievements and Overall Health: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 6: 2828.
Martine Duclos; Philippe Lacomme; Celine Lambert; Bruno Pereira; Libo Ren; Gerard Fleury; Hervé Ovigneur; Thibault Deschamps; Nicole Fearnbach; Jérémy Vanhelst; Jean-François Toussaint; David Thivel. Is physical fitness associated with the type of attended school? A cross-sectional analysis among 20.000 adolescents. 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleMartine Duclos, Philippe Lacomme, Celine Lambert, Bruno Pereira, Libo Ren, Gerard Fleury, Hervé Ovigneur, Thibault Deschamps, Nicole Fearnbach, Jérémy Vanhelst, Jean-François Toussaint, David Thivel. Is physical fitness associated with the type of attended school? A cross-sectional analysis among 20.000 adolescents. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMartine Duclos; Philippe Lacomme; Celine Lambert; Bruno Pereira; Libo Ren; Gerard Fleury; Hervé Ovigneur; Thibault Deschamps; Nicole Fearnbach; Jérémy Vanhelst; Jean-François Toussaint; David Thivel. 2021. "Is physical fitness associated with the type of attended school? A cross-sectional analysis among 20.000 adolescents." , no. : 1.
Introduction: Ghrelin is an orexigenic hormone which favors food-seeking behavior and has been postulated to be a biomarker of stress. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the evolution of ghrelin levels following acute stress. Methods: The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and ScienceDirect databases were searched for studies reporting ghrelin levels before and after acute stress in humans. Results: We included ten studies for a total of 348 patients. Acute stress (intervention) was always in a laboratory. Acute stress was psychological (Trier Social Stress Test), physical, or mixed (cold pressure test). The overall meta-analysis demonstrated an increase in ghrelin after the stress intervention (ES = 0.21, 95CI 0.09 to 0.34) compared with baseline levels. Stratification by time demonstrated an acute increase in ghrelin levels in the five minutes immediately following the initiation of stress (0.29, 0.10 to 0.48) but without any difference after. Obese individuals had a more significant (ES = 0.51, 95CI 0.18 to 0.84) and prolonged increase in ghrelin levels for up to 45 min compared with non-obese individuals who had a significant increase only five minutes after stress. Moreover, the ghrelin levels increased in response to stress with BMI (coefficient 0.028, 0.01 to 0.49; p = 0.013) and decreased with the time after the stress intervention (coefficient -0.007, −0.014 to −0.001; p = 0.025). Conclusion: Ghrelin is a biomarker of stress, with a short-term increase following acute stress. Obese individuals have both a higher and prolonged response, emphasizing the link between obesity and stress.
Jean-Baptiste Bouillon-Minois; Marion Trousselard; David Thivel; Brett Gordon; Jeannot Schmidt; Farès Moustafa; Charlotte Oris; Frédéric Dutheil. Ghrelin as a Biomarker of Stress: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2021, 13, 784 .
AMA StyleJean-Baptiste Bouillon-Minois, Marion Trousselard, David Thivel, Brett Gordon, Jeannot Schmidt, Farès Moustafa, Charlotte Oris, Frédéric Dutheil. Ghrelin as a Biomarker of Stress: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients. 2021; 13 (3):784.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJean-Baptiste Bouillon-Minois; Marion Trousselard; David Thivel; Brett Gordon; Jeannot Schmidt; Farès Moustafa; Charlotte Oris; Frédéric Dutheil. 2021. "Ghrelin as a Biomarker of Stress: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Nutrients 13, no. 3: 784.
Although physical exercise and dietary restriction can be both used to induce energy deficits, they have been suggested to favor different compensatory appetitive responses. While dietary restriction might favor increased subsequent energy intake and appetite sensations, such compensatory responses have not been observed after a similar deficit by exercise. The present work provides a first overview of the actual evidences discussing the effects of iso-energetic deficits induced by exercise versus dietary restriction on subsequent energy intake, appetite sensations, and on the potentially involved hedonic and physiological mechanisms.
D. Thivel; L. Metz; V. Julian; L. Isacco; J. Verney; G. Ennequin; K. Charlot; K. Beaulieu; G. Finlayson; J. A. King. Diet- but not exercise-induced iso-energetic deficit induces compensatory appetitive responses. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2021, 1 -8.
AMA StyleD. Thivel, L. Metz, V. Julian, L. Isacco, J. Verney, G. Ennequin, K. Charlot, K. Beaulieu, G. Finlayson, J. A. King. Diet- but not exercise-induced iso-energetic deficit induces compensatory appetitive responses. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2021; ():1-8.
Chicago/Turabian StyleD. Thivel; L. Metz; V. Julian; L. Isacco; J. Verney; G. Ennequin; K. Charlot; K. Beaulieu; G. Finlayson; J. A. King. 2021. "Diet- but not exercise-induced iso-energetic deficit induces compensatory appetitive responses." European Journal of Clinical Nutrition , no. : 1-8.
In France March 14, 2020 a national lockdown was imposed in France for 55 days to prevent the spread of COVID-19 and all schools were closed. This study aimed to investigate the effects of home confinement as a result of lockdown on the activity (physical activity and sedentary behaviors), and their determinants, on French children (6-10 years) and adolescents (11-17 years). The National Observatory for Physical Activity and Sedentary behaviors launched an online survey from April 1st, to May 6th, 2020 using popular social networks and websites. It compared the level of physical activity (PA), sitting and screen time before and during the lockdown and identified the impact of the initial PA (active vs. inactive), sedentary (high vs. low) profiles of the participants and their housing conditions. 6,491 children were included in this study. Initially active children and adolescents decreased their PA more than those initially inactive (p>0.001), while those who met the sitting time recommendations increased more their sitting time during lockdown (p<0.001). The same applied to screen time (p<0.001). Living in an urban environment was associated with a decrease in PA (p<0.001), an increase in sitting time (p<0.001) and children's screen time (p=0.002) during lockdown. This study showed the deleterious effects of confinement caused by lockdown on physical activity and sedentary behaviors. Housing conditions were associated with lifestyle behaviors over this period of lockdown. Future public health policies should consider these results.
Camille Chambonniere; Céline Lambert; Nicole Fearnbach; Michèle Tardieu; Alicia Fillon; Pauline Genin; Benjamin Larras; Pierre Melsens; Julien Bois; Bruno Pereira; Angelo Tremblay; David Thivel; Martine Duclos. Effect of the COVID-19 lockdown on physical activity and sedentary behaviors in French children and adolescents: New results from the ONAPS national survey. European Journal of Integrative Medicine 2021, 43, 101308 -101308.
AMA StyleCamille Chambonniere, Céline Lambert, Nicole Fearnbach, Michèle Tardieu, Alicia Fillon, Pauline Genin, Benjamin Larras, Pierre Melsens, Julien Bois, Bruno Pereira, Angelo Tremblay, David Thivel, Martine Duclos. Effect of the COVID-19 lockdown on physical activity and sedentary behaviors in French children and adolescents: New results from the ONAPS national survey. European Journal of Integrative Medicine. 2021; 43 ():101308-101308.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCamille Chambonniere; Céline Lambert; Nicole Fearnbach; Michèle Tardieu; Alicia Fillon; Pauline Genin; Benjamin Larras; Pierre Melsens; Julien Bois; Bruno Pereira; Angelo Tremblay; David Thivel; Martine Duclos. 2021. "Effect of the COVID-19 lockdown on physical activity and sedentary behaviors in French children and adolescents: New results from the ONAPS national survey." European Journal of Integrative Medicine 43, no. : 101308-101308.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a multidisciplinary weight loss intervention on energy intake and appetite sensations in adolescents with obesity, depending on the initial diagnosis or persistence of the metabolic syndrome. Ninety-two adolescents with obesity (12–15 years) followed a 16-week multidisciplinary weight loss intervention. Anthropometric and body composition characteristics, metabolic profile, ad libitum daily energy intake, and appetite sensations were assessed before and after the intervention. The presence of metabolic syndrome (MS) was determined at baseline (MS vs. non-MS) and after the program (persistent vs. non-persistent). While the intervention was effective in inducing weight loss (body weight T0: 87.1 ± 14.9 vs. T1: 81.2 ± 13.0 kg; p < 0.001) and body composition improvements in both adolescents with and without MS, energy intake (p = 0.07), hunger (p = 0.008), and prospective food consumption (p = 0.03) increased, while fullness decreased (p = 0.04) in both groups. Energy intake and appetite were not improved in non-persistent MS after the program and remained significantly higher among non-persistent adolescents compared with initially non-MS adolescents. To conclude, appetite control seems impaired in obese adolescents, irrespective of being affected by MS or not, whereas the treatment of MS in this population might fail to effectively preclude the adolescents from potential post-intervention compensatory food intake and subsequent weight regain.
Valérie Julian; Laurie Isacco; Marwa Khammassi; Alicia Fillon; Maud Miguet; Frederic Dutheil; Daniel Courteix; Marek Zak; Jacki Bicki; Stanisław Głuszek; Martine Duclos; Yves Boirie; Bruno Pereira; David Thivel. Appetite Control Might not Be Improved after Weight Loss in Adolescents with Obesity, Despite Non-Persistent Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients 2020, 12, 3885 .
AMA StyleValérie Julian, Laurie Isacco, Marwa Khammassi, Alicia Fillon, Maud Miguet, Frederic Dutheil, Daniel Courteix, Marek Zak, Jacki Bicki, Stanisław Głuszek, Martine Duclos, Yves Boirie, Bruno Pereira, David Thivel. Appetite Control Might not Be Improved after Weight Loss in Adolescents with Obesity, Despite Non-Persistent Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients. 2020; 12 (12):3885.
Chicago/Turabian StyleValérie Julian; Laurie Isacco; Marwa Khammassi; Alicia Fillon; Maud Miguet; Frederic Dutheil; Daniel Courteix; Marek Zak; Jacki Bicki; Stanisław Głuszek; Martine Duclos; Yves Boirie; Bruno Pereira; David Thivel. 2020. "Appetite Control Might not Be Improved after Weight Loss in Adolescents with Obesity, Despite Non-Persistent Metabolic Syndrome." Nutrients 12, no. 12: 3885.
The efficacy of weight loss interventions might be affected by the metabolic profile of adolescents with obesity. In this study, we hypothesize that the initial diagnosis of the MS, or its persistence after an intervention, will not reduce the efficacy of a 16-week multidisciplinary weight loss program. 92 adolescents (12-15 years; 62 girls) with obesity completed baseline anthropometric and body composition evaluation (DXA). Lipid profile, insulinemia, glycaemia and blood pressure were measured and MS diagnosed. The adolescents then followed a 4-month inpatient multidisciplinary weight-management program. All measurements were performed before (T0) and after 4 months of intervention (T1). Body weight, body mass index (BMI) and percentage of fat mass (%FM) decreased significantly between T0 and T1 (p<.001), with no difference in fat-free mass (kg). All metabolic variables (except blood pressure) were improved. 47.6% of the whole sample presented a MS at baseline against 35.7% at T1. Body weight(p=0.006), BMI(p=0.0261), %FM (p=0.0211), hip circumference (=0.0131), BMI percentile (p=0.0319) and diastolic blood pressure (p=0.0365) showed a time x group interaction and their deltas (variations between T0 and T1) were significantly different between adolescents with and without MS at baseline. There was no significant difference between adolescents with persistent and non-persistent MS except for ΔBMI percentile that deceased significantly more in the non-persistent group (p=0.0115). According to our results, the efficacy of weight loss interventions is not reduced in adolescents initially diagnosed with MS or different between those who present a persistent or non-persistent MS after the intervention.
Marwa Khammassi; Laurie Isacco; Bruno Pereira; Ana Raimunda Damaso; Piotr Matlosz; Katharina Maruszczak; Daniel Weghuber; Frederic Dutheil; Martine Duclos; Yves Boirie; Valérie Julian; David Thivel. Cardiometabolic efficacy of multidisciplinary weight loss interventions is not altered in adolescents with obesity initially diagnosed or with a persistent metabolic syndrome. Nutrition Research 2020, 86, 79 -87.
AMA StyleMarwa Khammassi, Laurie Isacco, Bruno Pereira, Ana Raimunda Damaso, Piotr Matlosz, Katharina Maruszczak, Daniel Weghuber, Frederic Dutheil, Martine Duclos, Yves Boirie, Valérie Julian, David Thivel. Cardiometabolic efficacy of multidisciplinary weight loss interventions is not altered in adolescents with obesity initially diagnosed or with a persistent metabolic syndrome. Nutrition Research. 2020; 86 ():79-87.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarwa Khammassi; Laurie Isacco; Bruno Pereira; Ana Raimunda Damaso; Piotr Matlosz; Katharina Maruszczak; Daniel Weghuber; Frederic Dutheil; Martine Duclos; Yves Boirie; Valérie Julian; David Thivel. 2020. "Cardiometabolic efficacy of multidisciplinary weight loss interventions is not altered in adolescents with obesity initially diagnosed or with a persistent metabolic syndrome." Nutrition Research 86, no. : 79-87.
Constitutional thinness (CT) is a nonpathological state of underweight. The current study aimed to explore skeletal muscle energy storage in individuals with CT and to further characterize muscle phenotype at baseline and in response to overfeeding. Thirty subjects with CT (15 females, 15 males) and 31 normal-weight control subjects (16 females, 15 males) participated in the study. Histological and enzymological analyses were performed on muscle biopsy specimens before and after overfeeding. In the skeletal muscle of CT participants compared with controls, we observed a lower content of intramuscular triglycerides for type I (−17%, p < 0.01) and type IIA (−14%, p < 0.05) muscle fibers, a lower glycogen content for type I (−6%, p < 0.01) and type IIA (−5%, p < 0.05) muscle fibers, a specific fiber-type distribution, a marked muscle hypotrophy (−20%, p < 0.001), a low capillary-to-fiber ratio (−19%, p < 0.001), and low citrate synthase activity (−18%, p < 0.05). In response to overfeeding, CT participants increased their intramuscular triglycerides content in type I (+10%, p < 0.01) and type IIA (+9%, p < 0.01) muscle fibers. CT individuals seem to present an unusual muscle phenotype and different adaptations to overfeeding compared with normal-weight individuals, suggesting a specific energy metabolism and muscle adaptations. ClinicalTrials.gov registration no. NCT02004821. Novelty Low intramuscular triglycerides and glycogen content in skeletal muscle of constitutionally thin individuals. Low oxidative capacity, low capillary supply, and fiber hypotrophy in skeletal muscle of constitutionally thin individuals. Increase in intramuscular triglycerides in constitutional thinness in response to overfeeding.
Mélina Bailly; Natacha Germain; Léonard Féasson; Frédéric Costes; Bruno Estour; Christophe Hourdé; Angèle Merlet; Thierry Thomas; Jorg Hager; Bruno Pereira; David Thivel; Daniel Courteix; Bogdan Galusca; Julien Verney. Skeletal muscle of females and males with constitutional thinness: a low intramuscular lipid content and oxidative profile. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 2020, 45, 1 -12.
AMA StyleMélina Bailly, Natacha Germain, Léonard Féasson, Frédéric Costes, Bruno Estour, Christophe Hourdé, Angèle Merlet, Thierry Thomas, Jorg Hager, Bruno Pereira, David Thivel, Daniel Courteix, Bogdan Galusca, Julien Verney. Skeletal muscle of females and males with constitutional thinness: a low intramuscular lipid content and oxidative profile. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism. 2020; 45 (11):1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMélina Bailly; Natacha Germain; Léonard Féasson; Frédéric Costes; Bruno Estour; Christophe Hourdé; Angèle Merlet; Thierry Thomas; Jorg Hager; Bruno Pereira; David Thivel; Daniel Courteix; Bogdan Galusca; Julien Verney. 2020. "Skeletal muscle of females and males with constitutional thinness: a low intramuscular lipid content and oxidative profile." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 45, no. 11: 1-12.
Globally the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak has triggered an economic downturn and a rise in unemployment. As a result, global communities have had to face physical, health, psychological and socio-economical related stressors. The purpose of this study was to assess and report the impact of isolation and effect of coronavirus on selected psychological correlates associated with emotions. Following ethical approval, a mixed methods observational study was conducted using the validated COVISTRESS questionnaire. Two observational study scenarios were evaluated namely “Prior” to the COVID-19 outbreak and “Currently”, i.e., during the COVID-19 pandemic. 10,121 participants from 67 countries completed the COVISTRESS questionnaire. From the questionnaire responses only questions that covered the participant’s occupation; sociodemographic details, isolation and impact of coronavirus were selected. Further analyses were performed on output measures that included leisure time, physical activity, sedentary time and emotions. All output measures were evaluated using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) with an intensity ranging from 0–100. Descriptive statistics, Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Spearman correlational analysis were applied to the leisure time, physical activity, sedentary time and emotional feeling datasets; p = 0.05 was set as the significance level. Both males and females displayed similar output measures. The Wilcoxon signed rank test showed significant differences with respect to “Prior” COVID-19 and “Currently” for sedentary activity (Z = −40.462, p < 0.001), physical activity (Z = −30.751, p < 0.001) and all other emotional feeling output measures. A moderate correlation between “Prior” COVID-19 and “Currently” was observed among the Males (r = 0.720) in comparison to the Females (r = 0.639) for sedentary activity while weaker correlations (r < 0.253) were observed for physical activity and emotional feeling measurements, respectively. Our study reported incremental differences in the physical and psychological output measures reported, i.e., “Prior” COVID-19 and “Currently”. “Prior” COVID-19 and “Currently” participants increased their sedentary habits by 2.98%, and the level of physical activity reduced by 2.42%, depression levels increased by 21.62%, anxiety levels increased by 16.71%, and stress levels increased by 21.8%. There were no correlations (r) between leisure, physical activity and sedentary action (i.e., “Prior” = −0.071; “Currently” = −0.097); no correlations (r) between leisure physical activity and emotion (i.e., −0.071 > r > 0.081) for “Prior”; and poor correlations (r) between leisure, physical activity and sedentary action (i.e., −0.078 > r > 0.167) for “Current”. The correlations (r) between sedentary action and emotion for “Prior” and “Currently” were (−0.100 > r > 0.075) and (−0.040 > r > 0.041) respectively. The findings presented here indicate that the COVISTRESS project has created awareness in relation to the physical and psychological impact resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings have also highlighted individual distress caused by COVID-19 and associated health consequences for the global community.
Ukadike Ugbolue; Martine Duclos; Constanta Urzeala; Mickael Berthon; Keri Kulik; Aura Bota; David Thivel; Reza Bagheri; Yaodong Gu; Julien Baker; Nicolas Andant; Bruno Pereira; Karine Rouffiac; Maëlys Clinchamps; Frédéric Dutheil; On Behalf Of The Covistress Network. An Assessment of the Novel COVISTRESS Questionnaire: COVID-19 Impact on Physical Activity, Sedentary Action and Psychological Emotion. Journal of Clinical Medicine 2020, 9, 3352 .
AMA StyleUkadike Ugbolue, Martine Duclos, Constanta Urzeala, Mickael Berthon, Keri Kulik, Aura Bota, David Thivel, Reza Bagheri, Yaodong Gu, Julien Baker, Nicolas Andant, Bruno Pereira, Karine Rouffiac, Maëlys Clinchamps, Frédéric Dutheil, On Behalf Of The Covistress Network. An Assessment of the Novel COVISTRESS Questionnaire: COVID-19 Impact on Physical Activity, Sedentary Action and Psychological Emotion. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020; 9 (10):3352.
Chicago/Turabian StyleUkadike Ugbolue; Martine Duclos; Constanta Urzeala; Mickael Berthon; Keri Kulik; Aura Bota; David Thivel; Reza Bagheri; Yaodong Gu; Julien Baker; Nicolas Andant; Bruno Pereira; Karine Rouffiac; Maëlys Clinchamps; Frédéric Dutheil; On Behalf Of The Covistress Network. 2020. "An Assessment of the Novel COVISTRESS Questionnaire: COVID-19 Impact on Physical Activity, Sedentary Action and Psychological Emotion." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 10: 3352.
Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate the long-term maintenance of nutritional changes promoted during an intensive initial intervention to induce body weight loss. The ability of these changes to predict long-term health outcomes was also examined. Methods: Nutritional variables, body composition, and metabolic markers collected in the RESOLVE project were analyzed before and after a 3-week intensive diet–exercise intervention (Phase 1), and during a subsequent supervision under free living conditions, of 12 months (Phase 2). Results: As expected, the macronutrient composition of the diet was modified to promote a negative energy balance during Phase 1. The decrease in carbohydrates imposed during this phase was maintained during Phase 2 whereas the increase in protein intake returned to baseline values at the end of the program. Dietary fiber intake was almost doubled during Phase 1 and remained significantly greater than baseline values throughout Phase 2. Moreover, fiber intake was the only nutritional variable that systematically and significantly predicted variations of health outcomes in the study. Conclusion: The adequacy of dietary fiber intake should be a matter of primary consideration in diet-based weight reduction programs.
Angelo Tremblay; Maëlys Clinchamps; Bruno Pereira; Daniel Courteix; Bruno LeSourd; Robert Chapier; Philippe Obert; Agnes Vinet; Guillaume Walther; Elodie Chaplais; Reza Bagheri; Julien S. Baker; David Thivel; Vicky Drapeau; Frédéric Dutheil. Dietary Fibres and the Management of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome: The RESOLVE Study. Nutrients 2020, 12, 2911 .
AMA StyleAngelo Tremblay, Maëlys Clinchamps, Bruno Pereira, Daniel Courteix, Bruno LeSourd, Robert Chapier, Philippe Obert, Agnes Vinet, Guillaume Walther, Elodie Chaplais, Reza Bagheri, Julien S. Baker, David Thivel, Vicky Drapeau, Frédéric Dutheil. Dietary Fibres and the Management of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome: The RESOLVE Study. Nutrients. 2020; 12 (10):2911.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAngelo Tremblay; Maëlys Clinchamps; Bruno Pereira; Daniel Courteix; Bruno LeSourd; Robert Chapier; Philippe Obert; Agnes Vinet; Guillaume Walther; Elodie Chaplais; Reza Bagheri; Julien S. Baker; David Thivel; Vicky Drapeau; Frédéric Dutheil. 2020. "Dietary Fibres and the Management of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome: The RESOLVE Study." Nutrients 12, no. 10: 2911.