We present Internet of Things (IoT) deployment in a tomato greenhouse in Russia. The IoT enabling technologies applied for this deployment comprise a wireless sensor network, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence. They are to help in monitoring and controlling of both plants and greenhouse conditions as well as predicting the growth rate of tomatoes.

We observe never-ending oscillations in systems undergoing collision-controlled aggregation and shattering. Specifically, we investigate aggregation-shattering processes with aggregation kernels $K_{i,j}=(i/j{)}^a+(j/i{)}^a$ and shattering kernels $F_{i,j}=\lambda K_{i,j}$, where $i$ and $j$ are cluster sizes, and parameter $\lambda$ quantifies the strength of shattering. When $0\le a<1/2$, there are no oscillations, and the system monotonically approaches a steady state for all values of $\lambda$; in this region, we obtain an analytical solution for the stationary cluster size distribution. Numerical solutions of the rate equations show that oscillations emerge in the $1/2<a\le 1$ range. When $\lambda$ is sufficiently large, oscillations decay and eventually disappear, while for $\lambda <{\lambda }_c(a)$, oscillations apparently persist forever. Thus, never-ending oscillations can arise in closed aggregation-shattering processes without sinks and sources of particles.

We report surprising steady oscillations in aggregation-fragmentation processes. Oscillating solutions are observed for the class of aggregation kernels $K_{i,j}=i^{\nu }{j}^{\mu }+j^{\nu }{i}^{\mu }$ homogeneous in masses $i$ and $j$ of merging clusters and fragmentation kernels, $F_{ij}=\lambda K_{ij}$, with parameter $\lambda$ quantifying the intensity of the disruptive impacts. We assume a complete decomposition (shattering) of colliding partners into monomers. We show that an assumption of a steady-state distribution of cluster sizes, compatible with governing equations, yields a power law with an exponential cutoff. This prediction agrees with simulation results when $\theta \equiv \nu -\mu <1$. For $\theta =\nu -\mu >1$, however, the densities exhibit an oscillatory behavior. While these oscillations decay for not very small $\lambda$, they become steady if $\theta$ is close to 2 and $\lambda$ is very small. Simulation results lead to a conjecture that for $\theta <1$ the system has a stable fixed point, corresponding to the steady-state density distribution, while for any $\theta >1$ there exists a critical value ${\lambda }_c$, such that for $\lambda <{\lambda }_c$, the system has an attracting limit cycle. This is rather striking for a closed system of Smoluchowski-like equations, lacking any sinks and sources of mass.