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Dr. Małgorzata Gerus-Gościewska
University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn Faculty of Geoengineering Institute of Geodesy and Civil Engineering Department of Geoinformation and Cartography

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Spatial Modeling
0 Spatial management
0 analysis of incomplete, uncertain and the few data
0 methods of spatial data analysis
0 environmental protection management

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Journal article
Published: 15 January 2021 in Land
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Many processes and phenomena that occur in the natural and social environment have a complex character, and the interdependencies between social and economic phenomena are most often analyzed by identifying the relationships between multiple factors that shape urban space. Decisions concerning the visual attributes of cities are usually made by urban planners and civil officers, whereas social preferences are rarely considered in the planning process. The latest research indicates that urban planners should account for the needs and expectations of local residents who are the users of public spaces in cities. This paper discusses the results of selected research studies investigating the impact of geospatial attributes on perceptions of safety in urban areas. The theories that are used to improve safety in cities and selected methods for analyzing spatial data were presented. The analyzed attributes were selected by brainstorming, a heuristic technique for solving research problems. The selected attributes were ranked in a survey performed on an accidental (convenience) sample. In this study, Grey Relational Analysis (GRA), a type of Grey Systems Theory (GST) which supports the use of incomplete, uncertain and scarce data, was applied. The advantages of grey systems over statistical methods in analyses of spatial data were presented. Grey system analyses generate sequences of significant geospatial attributes and indicate which factors exert the greatest influence on the examined phenomenon. The results can be used to solve practical problems related to the shaping of space.

ACS Style

Małgorzata Gerus-Gościewska; Dariusz Gościewski. Grey Systems Theory as an Effective Method for Analyzing Scarce, Incomplete and Uncertain Data on the Example of a Survey of Public Perceptions of Safety in Urban Spaces. Land 2021, 10, 73 .

AMA Style

Małgorzata Gerus-Gościewska, Dariusz Gościewski. Grey Systems Theory as an Effective Method for Analyzing Scarce, Incomplete and Uncertain Data on the Example of a Survey of Public Perceptions of Safety in Urban Spaces. Land. 2021; 10 (1):73.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Małgorzata Gerus-Gościewska; Dariusz Gościewski. 2021. "Grey Systems Theory as an Effective Method for Analyzing Scarce, Incomplete and Uncertain Data on the Example of a Survey of Public Perceptions of Safety in Urban Spaces." Land 10, no. 1: 73.

Journal article
Published: 20 December 2020 in ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information
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A regular network of squares is formed by points uniformly distributed (mostly in the square corners) over the surface that is represented by the network. Each point (node) of the network has specified coordinates (X and Y) with a fixed constant distance between them. The third coordinate in a node (H) is determined by the application of interpolation based on the points distributed (usually dispersed as a point cloud e.g., from LiDAR) over the surface of the area surrounding the node. The regular network of squares formed in this manner allows the representation of a digital terrain model (DTM) to be performed in spatial information systems (SIP, GIS). The main problem that arises during the construction of such a network is the proper determination of its resolution (the base distance between the coordinates X and Y) depending on the topography. This article presents a method of the regular network of squares resolution determination depending on the morphological shape of the terrain surface. Following the application of the procedures being described, a differently shaped terrain is assigned various network densities. This enables the minimisation of inaccuracies of the surface model being formed. Consequently, a regular network of squares is formed with different base square sizes, which is adjusted with its resolution to the morphology of the surface it describes. Such operations allow the terrain model accuracy to be maintained over the entire area while reducing the number of points stored in the DTM database to the minimum.

ACS Style

Dariusz Gościewski; Małgorzata Gerus-Gościewska. Adjusting the Regular Network of Squares Resolution to the Digital Terrain Model Surface Shape. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 2020, 9, 761 .

AMA Style

Dariusz Gościewski, Małgorzata Gerus-Gościewska. Adjusting the Regular Network of Squares Resolution to the Digital Terrain Model Surface Shape. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. 2020; 9 (12):761.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dariusz Gościewski; Małgorzata Gerus-Gościewska. 2020. "Adjusting the Regular Network of Squares Resolution to the Digital Terrain Model Surface Shape." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 12: 761.

Journal article
Published: 14 January 2020 in ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information
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The spatial distribution of prices is closely linked with the urban real estate market. Property prices are one of the key indicators of economic activity because they influence economic decisions. Decision-makers and consumers often need information about the spatial distribution of prices, but spatial-temporal analyses of the real estate market are based on the prices quoted in different locations across years (epochs). Due to this idiosyncrasy, the resulting datasets are dispersed (different across years) and difficult to compare. For this reason, the existing interpolation methods are not always effective in analyses of the real estate market. A different approach to interpolating real estate prices that supports the generation of continuous interpolated surfaces while maintaining the values of measurement points is thus needed. This paper proposes a method for replacing dispersed spatial data with a regular GRID structure. The GRID structure covers the measured object with a regular network of nodes, which supports uniform interpolation at every point of the analyzed space and a comparison of interpolation models in successive epochs (years). The proposed method was tested on a selected object. The results indicate that the GRID structure can be used in analyses of highly complex real estate markets where input data are incomplete, irregular and dispersed.

ACS Style

Agnieszka Szczepańska; Dariusz Gościewski; Małgorzata Gerus-Gościewska. A GRID-Based Spatial Interpolation Method as a Tool Supporting Real Estate Market Analyses. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 2020, 9, 39 .

AMA Style

Agnieszka Szczepańska, Dariusz Gościewski, Małgorzata Gerus-Gościewska. A GRID-Based Spatial Interpolation Method as a Tool Supporting Real Estate Market Analyses. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. 2020; 9 (1):39.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Agnieszka Szczepańska; Dariusz Gościewski; Małgorzata Gerus-Gościewska. 2020. "A GRID-Based Spatial Interpolation Method as a Tool Supporting Real Estate Market Analyses." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 1: 39.

Journal article
Published: 09 December 2019 in ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information
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Analyses of the correlations between social and economic phenomena are rarely limited to simple evaluations of the relationships that exist between two features. Information about the structure and behaviour of complex phenomena and processes in the natural environment and social systems is usually incomplete and uncertain. Grey relational analysis (GRA) poses an alternative to statistical methods (e.g., correlation analysis, variance analysis, regression analysis and direct comparisons) to evaluate complex phenomena. In GRA, the number of assumptions relating to the size and distribution of samples is far smaller than in statistical methods. The required number of observations in the GRA is n ≥ 4. Therefore, the grey system theory (GST) provides useful tools for analysing limited and imperfect data. GST can be used to predict a system’s future behaviour and to evaluate the relationships between observation vectors. The study aimed to determine the strength of the relationships between the analysed features with the use of GST and to analyse the model’s behaviour for a different number of variables. The main assumptions and definitions relating to GST were presented. The residential preferences of a selected social group were analysed. The proposed approach supports the development of effective decision-making procedures in urban planning.

ACS Style

Małgorzata Gerus-Gościewska; Dariusz Gościewski; Tomasz Bajerowski; Agnieszka Szczepańska. Grey System Theory in Research into Preferences Regarding the Location of Place of Residence within a City. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 2019, 8, 563 .

AMA Style

Małgorzata Gerus-Gościewska, Dariusz Gościewski, Tomasz Bajerowski, Agnieszka Szczepańska. Grey System Theory in Research into Preferences Regarding the Location of Place of Residence within a City. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. 2019; 8 (12):563.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Małgorzata Gerus-Gościewska; Dariusz Gościewski; Tomasz Bajerowski; Agnieszka Szczepańska. 2019. "Grey System Theory in Research into Preferences Regarding the Location of Place of Residence within a City." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 8, no. 12: 563.

Journal article
Published: 18 November 2019 in Geosciences
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The absence of sufficiently long time series of data relating to real estate prices in a selected location prevents accurate analyses and the development of precise forecasts that play an important role in a market economy. New methods and solutions are being sought to address this problem. This paper proposes an original method for reconstructing, forecasting and archiving data relating to real estate value. The proposed method involves a GRID (regular square nets) structure and it relies on the prices quoted in successive years (epochs) of measurement in a selected object. Irregularly distributed measurement data (real estate prices) acquired in successive years are transformed into a regular GRID structure to develop digital surface models that describe the distribution of data. The nodes of the GRID structure are described with the coefficients of an approximating polynomial to reconstruct and forecast real estate value in a specific location at any point in time. A GRID structure supports a comparison of changes in real estate value over time in a given node or group of nodes selected from successive measurement epochs. Individual coefficients of an approximating polynomial are generated, allocated to selected nodes, and automatically adapted to local changes in value. As a result, the observed changes can be described in a given period of time. Source data covering multiple epochs are replaced with a single file containing coefficients of approximating polynomials to reduce the size of the stored datasets and facilitate data management.

ACS Style

Małgorzata Gerus-Gościewska; Dariusz Gościewski; Agnieszka Szczepańska. The Use of a Grid Structure for Reconstructing and Forecasting the Value of Real Estate in Selected Measurement Epochs. Geosciences 2019, 9, 485 .

AMA Style

Małgorzata Gerus-Gościewska, Dariusz Gościewski, Agnieszka Szczepańska. The Use of a Grid Structure for Reconstructing and Forecasting the Value of Real Estate in Selected Measurement Epochs. Geosciences. 2019; 9 (11):485.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Małgorzata Gerus-Gościewska; Dariusz Gościewski; Agnieszka Szczepańska. 2019. "The Use of a Grid Structure for Reconstructing and Forecasting the Value of Real Estate in Selected Measurement Epochs." Geosciences 9, no. 11: 485.

Journal article
Published: 28 February 2019 in Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Administratio Locorum
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Głównymi zadaniami planowania przestrzennego wynikającymi z ustawy o planowaniu i zagospodarowaniu przestrzennym, są zachowanie ładu przestrzennego i zrównoważonego rozwoju. Ocena stanu ładu przestrzennego w miastach daje wyniki niezadawalające. Przestrzeń projektowana jest przez wykwalifikowanych specjalistów, lecz często bez uwzględnienia preferencji użytkowników co do jej kształtu. Ustawa o planowaniu i zagospodarowaniu przestrzennym obliguje do partycypacji społecznych w procesie planowania przestrzennego. Jednym z instrumentów realizacji tego zadania może być zaaplikowanie wyników uzyskanych z metod heurystycznych. Stan ładu przestrzennego ma związek z bezpieczeństwem w przestrzeni, co z kolei ma wpływ na zrównoważony rozwój. W pracy zawarto wyniki badań ankietowych, których celem było, między innymi, uzyskanie informacji na temat odbioru bezpieczeństwa w przestrzeni Olsztyna, przez jej mieszkańców. Wyniki uzyskane w trakcie badań pozwalają na stwierdzenie, że ważnym elementem determinujący wybór miejsca zamieszkania jest stan bezpieczeństwa w przestrzeni. Należy podjąć starania o poprawę ładu przestrzennego w przestrzeni w celu poprawy bezpieczeństwa, co przyczyni się z kolei do zachowania zrównoważonego rozwoju.

ACS Style

Małgorzata Gerus-Gościewska; Dariusz Gościewski; Agnieszka Szczepańska. Włączenie preferencji potencjalnych nabywców nieruchomości w proces zarządzania przestrzenią jako stymulacja poprawy bezpieczeństwa w przestrzeni miejskiej. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Administratio Locorum 2019, 18, 1 .

AMA Style

Małgorzata Gerus-Gościewska, Dariusz Gościewski, Agnieszka Szczepańska. Włączenie preferencji potencjalnych nabywców nieruchomości w proces zarządzania przestrzenią jako stymulacja poprawy bezpieczeństwa w przestrzeni miejskiej. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Administratio Locorum. 2019; 18 (1):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Małgorzata Gerus-Gościewska; Dariusz Gościewski; Agnieszka Szczepańska. 2019. "Włączenie preferencji potencjalnych nabywców nieruchomości w proces zarządzania przestrzenią jako stymulacja poprawy bezpieczeństwa w przestrzeni miejskiej." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Administratio Locorum 18, no. 1: 1.

Conference paper
Published: 01 January 2014 in The 9th International Conference "Environmental Engineering 2014"
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ACS Style

Malgorzata Gerus-Gosciewska. Evaluation of urban space in the context of environmental psychology and safety. The 9th International Conference "Environmental Engineering 2014" 2014, 1 .

AMA Style

Malgorzata Gerus-Gosciewska. Evaluation of urban space in the context of environmental psychology and safety. The 9th International Conference "Environmental Engineering 2014". 2014; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Malgorzata Gerus-Gosciewska. 2014. "Evaluation of urban space in the context of environmental psychology and safety." The 9th International Conference "Environmental Engineering 2014" , no. : 1.