Information about sea spray aerosol particle transport and their vertical distribution in the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) is important in marine meteorological forecasting and geobiochemical models. However, due to difficulties in field observations, values of aerosol concentration are often limited to point measurements, and obtaining the size‐resolved concentration profiles is quite challenging. Hence, numerical and analytical studies are vital in modeling the transport of aerosols in the atmospheric boundary layer and beyond. Due to their coarse resolution, most mesoscale and global aerosol models do not accurately resolve the sea spray and aerosol concentrations in the MABL, especially in the surface layer. The objective of the present study is to develop a relatively simple, one‐dimensional analytical model to calculate concentration profiles of aerosols in the MABL. In this study, a new analytical model relating surface flux to vertical concentration profile in the MABL is proposed. The model accounts for the different atmospheric stability and particle settling velocity, thus providing size‐resolved vertical profiles of aerosol concentration. The equations developed here extend the surface layer similarity models to the mixed layer. Model results are compared to aerosol concentration profiles emitted from a surface source obtained from large eddy simulations, for both neutral and unstable atmospheric stability and for particle sizes ranging from 1 to 30 μm. Though the model is developed for sea spray aerosols, it can be used to calculate vertical concentration profiles for other types of settling particles, including dust and sand particles in the atmospheric boundary layer.

This paper presents an experimental and numerical investigation of heat distribution in an industrial induction mould heating oven. The study aims to develop an improved coil arrangement and oven design to generate uniform heat distribution, while improving the thermal efficiency. ANSOFT Maxwell software was used to simulate the electromagnetic behaviour and the eddy currents in the workpiece. The ANSOFT results were linked with ANSYS transient thermal software to simulate the heat generation and temperature distribution in the workpiece. An experimental setup was developed to validate the simulations. ZVS2000 induction module was used in the experiments and the current outputs of the module were calculated using Multisim software. The simulation results showed a good agreement with the experimental data. The experimental and simulation results were used to study the cooling effect and the effect of using a flux concentrator. The flux concentrator increased the oven overall efficiency by 7.5 percent. The simulations were further extended to analyze how the current frequency, coil design, and flux material influence on the eddy current formation in the workpiece. Based on the simulation results, an improved coil design was proposed with higher thermal efficiency and uniform temperature distribution.

This paper presents a study on design and development of an alternating pressure overlay consists of inflatable mini air bladders, which could be used in relieving and reducing tissue pressure for the treatment of pressure ulcers. Pressure ulcers, which are predominant in the bony prominences of the body, is a skin deformity due to the limitation of blood circulation to the muscle tissues as a result of high pressures applied on the skin for longer duration. This research aims to design miniaturised air bladders which could provide alternating pressure sequences for the treatment of the pressure ulcers. The optimally designed air bladders provide proper envelopment of the patient’s body and create a high resolution of pressure distribution. The optimum geometry and the 3-D deformation profile of the air bladders are analysed using the finite element method. Based on the interface pressure the pressure overlay has been divided into five pressure zones. Furthermore, the real-time interface pressure profile between the body and the overlay is mapped by using the back pressure of mini air bladders. The actuator system includes an integrated control unit that regulates the internal pressures via electropneumatic valves operated based on the back pressure sensor feedback. This actuator system provides the alternating pressure patterns required for inflation and deflation of the mini air bladders controlling the airflow of the support surface, providing proper pressure distributions to heal the ulcers.