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Among the several schemes that have been reported to be a satisfactory alternative to Portland cement is Alkali Activated Cement (AAC), which has recently started to gain greater consideration in construction sectors. Conventional two-part alkali activation has many drawbacks, including the activating solution being viscous, problematic and non-user friendly to handle. Thus, this research aims to produce a one-part alkali activated metakaolin/natural pozzolan, by using an earth alkaline source (rich in CaO) from waste material (lime kiln dust), as an activating precursor to break the alumina-silicate crystalline phases. Thermal treatment of materials at two levels of treatment (450°C and 950°C), was used as an assisted activation approach. Analytical techniques including X-Ray powder diffraction XRD, Thermogravimetric Analysis TG-DTA, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy FTIR and Scanning Electron Microscope SEM, were utilised to investigate the performance of the developed materials at a molecular level. Reduction of crystalline peaks as well as the appearance of new wollastonite minerals within the calcined lime kiln dust, contributed to the development of 27 MPa compressive strength after 28 days. The dissolution made through the pozzolanic reaction as well as thermal treatment evidently contributed to transform crystalline to amorphous phases.
Abdullah Kadhim; Monower Sadique; Rafal Al-Mufti; Khalid Hashim. Developing one-part alkali-activated metakaolin/natural pozzolan binders using lime waste. Advances in Cement Research 2021, 33, 342 -356.
AMA StyleAbdullah Kadhim, Monower Sadique, Rafal Al-Mufti, Khalid Hashim. Developing one-part alkali-activated metakaolin/natural pozzolan binders using lime waste. Advances in Cement Research. 2021; 33 (8):342-356.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdullah Kadhim; Monower Sadique; Rafal Al-Mufti; Khalid Hashim. 2021. "Developing one-part alkali-activated metakaolin/natural pozzolan binders using lime waste." Advances in Cement Research 33, no. 8: 342-356.
Global warming is an imminent threat that the world and its inhabitants have to confront. As such, it is the duty of the pavement industry as a contributor of greenhouse gas emissions, to pave the way by lowering its carbon footprint. It is vital that new measures are adopted in order to do so such as employing the use of emulsion-based mixtures (EBM). The problem with this is that the performance properties of such mixtures are inferior to that of traditional hot mix asphalts (HMAs). The air void content of EBM is very high and considered unacceptable by road engineers for application as a surface layer. That said, these mixtures are not only environmentally friendly but also boast ecological and economic advantages. An innovate approach was applied in this research by using a pre-compaction microwave processing technique to develop a novel, half-warm mix asphalt mixture (H-WM). This new mix was shown to have improved mechanical properties and lower air void content. EBM mixtures comprised of cementitious binary blended filler, were prepared using microwave heating applied over different lengths of time. Stiffness modulus, air voids content and temperature were used to establish the optimum microwave radiation time. The results indicated that 1.5 min of microwave processing decreased air void content from 8.92% to 7.12%. A 7% improvement in stiffness modulus was also found and the temperature was within lower limits (43°C). Hydration was accelerated by the microwave radiation, and the demulsification of bitumen emulsion was promoted. Microwave processing was found to have a positive impact on permanent deformation at elevated temperatures in comparison to the two reference HMAs used. It also proved to be an adequate technique to produce a fast-curing H-WM with lower air voids content. Water damage resistance for the microwaved H-WM (99%) is better than the reference HMA mixes. The findings of this study show that the novel half-warm asphalt mixture has superior properties in comparison to EBM.
Anmar Dulaimi; Shakir Al-Busaltan; Monower Sadique. The development of a novel, microwave assisted, half-warm mixed asphalt. Construction and Building Materials 2021, 301, 124043 .
AMA StyleAnmar Dulaimi, Shakir Al-Busaltan, Monower Sadique. The development of a novel, microwave assisted, half-warm mixed asphalt. Construction and Building Materials. 2021; 301 ():124043.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnmar Dulaimi; Shakir Al-Busaltan; Monower Sadique. 2021. "The development of a novel, microwave assisted, half-warm mixed asphalt." Construction and Building Materials 301, no. : 124043.
Road pavements are pivotal to the infrastructure, transportation and ultimate efficiency of both the public and the economy. However, they are undeniably having detrimental effects on an already compromised environment. Consequently, a re-think about road pavement construction materials is of paramount importance. Cold mix asphalt (CMA) is a low carbon manufacturing approach to the production of flexible pavement material that has proved to be very promising, both economically and ecologically. This technology allows the manufacture of mixtures at ambient temperatures without heating huge amounts of aggregates and bitumen, this decreasing CO2 emissions and saving energy. In spite of these positive impacts, CMA has a high sensitivity to traffic and environmental stresses due to the existence of water within the mixture, this of major concern to the industry. This study aims to review types of CMA and the main developments involved in cold bitumen emulsion mixture (CBEM) technology that can be used without decreasing in-service performance. This review also aims to provide a practical guide for the manufacture of bitumen emulsion and the design procedure of CBEM for the road pavements industry. Finally, it can be suggested that CMA is a crucial technique for pavement construction, as it provides acceptable performance alongside energy-saving and ecological objectives.
Hayder Kamil Shanbara; Anmar Dulaimi; Tariq Al-Mansoori; Shakir Al-Busaltan; Manar Herez; Monower Sadique; Talaat Abdel-Wahed. The future of eco-friendly cold mix asphalt. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2021, 149, 111318 .
AMA StyleHayder Kamil Shanbara, Anmar Dulaimi, Tariq Al-Mansoori, Shakir Al-Busaltan, Manar Herez, Monower Sadique, Talaat Abdel-Wahed. The future of eco-friendly cold mix asphalt. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2021; 149 ():111318.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHayder Kamil Shanbara; Anmar Dulaimi; Tariq Al-Mansoori; Shakir Al-Busaltan; Manar Herez; Monower Sadique; Talaat Abdel-Wahed. 2021. "The future of eco-friendly cold mix asphalt." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 149, no. : 111318.
Hot mix asphalt has various benefits such as good workability and durability. It is one of the most general materials used as asphalt mixtures in road pavements. Asphalt mixtures and binders can be improved by modifying them with various additives. Gilsonite is a natural asphalt hydrocarbon which may be used as an additive to hot mix asphalt. It is used as an asphalt binder modifier (wet process) and an asphalt mixture modifier (dry process) to improve the properties of the mix. It provides the option of improved rheological properties, stability, strength rutting resistance and moisture sensitivity. This paper examines the current research relating to the use of gilsonite to improve the asphalt properties (binder and mixture). The rheological properties of the modified asphalt binders and mechanical properties of the modified asphalt mixtures will be reviewed. The influence of adding gilsonite individually or combined with other additives will be discussed. Furthermore, assessment of the environmental and economic perspectives of the studied asphalt along with some suggestions to improve the asphalt binders and mixtures will be explored.
Hayder Al Hawesah; Monower Sadique; Clare Harris; Hassan Al Nageim; Karl Stopp; Harry Pearl; Ali Shubbar. A Review on Improving Asphalt Pavement Service Life Using Gilsonite-Modified Bitumen. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6634 .
AMA StyleHayder Al Hawesah, Monower Sadique, Clare Harris, Hassan Al Nageim, Karl Stopp, Harry Pearl, Ali Shubbar. A Review on Improving Asphalt Pavement Service Life Using Gilsonite-Modified Bitumen. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (12):6634.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHayder Al Hawesah; Monower Sadique; Clare Harris; Hassan Al Nageim; Karl Stopp; Harry Pearl; Ali Shubbar. 2021. "A Review on Improving Asphalt Pavement Service Life Using Gilsonite-Modified Bitumen." Sustainability 13, no. 12: 6634.
The increasing urban development, led by concrete, requires a higher availability of materials and energy, and it will be responsible for a high waste generation. To face the exploitation of natural resources, the use of fossil fuels and the reduction of waste disposal, new environmental-friendly strategies emerge accomplishing the circular economy principles. In this research, the use of poor reactive agro-industrial ashes as sand replacement in cement-based materials is investigated. Poor reactive sugar cane bagasse ashes (fly and bottom ash -SCB FA and SCB BA, respectively) from a power plant in Dominican Republic have been used in substitution rates of 10%, 20% and 30% of weight of sand. Physico-chemical characteristics of ashes are investigated and correlated to the performance of the bio-concretes. SCB FA showed being an enhancer of durability-related properties of the concrete even with high content of silica in form of quartz, due to the capability of modifying the microstructure of the concrete and an additional binding capacity of chlorides ions. Durability-related tests (open porosity test, electrical resistivity test, capillary absorption test and chloride migration test) have been conducted at 28, 60, 90 and 240days. Direct correlations exist when compared chloride migration resistance against porosity and electrical resistivity in concretes with SCB FA, not so for capillary absorption. This demonstrates the inadequacy of establishing conclusions about durability performance of bio-concretes based on durability tests when run independently. The use of agro-industrial ashes as substitutes of natural aggregates not only reduces the consumption of natural sand but can deliver bio-concretes with potential benefits in terms of compressive strength and durability.
Veronica Torres de Sande; Monower Sadique; Paloma Pineda; Ana Bras; William Atherton; Mike Riley. Potential use of sugar cane bagasse ash as sand replacement for durable concrete. Journal of Building Engineering 2021, 39, 102277 .
AMA StyleVeronica Torres de Sande, Monower Sadique, Paloma Pineda, Ana Bras, William Atherton, Mike Riley. Potential use of sugar cane bagasse ash as sand replacement for durable concrete. Journal of Building Engineering. 2021; 39 ():102277.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVeronica Torres de Sande; Monower Sadique; Paloma Pineda; Ana Bras; William Atherton; Mike Riley. 2021. "Potential use of sugar cane bagasse ash as sand replacement for durable concrete." Journal of Building Engineering 39, no. : 102277.
In recent decades, researchers have used plastic to replace natural aggregates (NAs), or as filler and fibre within the concrete. This particular paper puts forward a review that gives comprehensive consideration to the properties and drawbacks, of concrete that contains plastic. As such, it may be hypothesised that poor bond capacity and higher air content due to inclusion of plastic aggregate (PA) within concrete are the predominant factors that reduce the properties in terms of mechanics and durability. In that regard, this study has put forward a new method of curing using microwave irradiation for improvement with respect to those factors. So, that there can be further improvement with regard to overall durability with respect to advanced chemical and hydrophobic resistivity and enhanced performance for conventional concrete with respect to bonding and ductility.
Hazha Mohammed; Monower Sadique; Andy Shaw; Ana Bras. The influence of incorporating plastic within concrete and the potential use of microwave curing; A review. Journal of Building Engineering 2020, 32, 101824 .
AMA StyleHazha Mohammed, Monower Sadique, Andy Shaw, Ana Bras. The influence of incorporating plastic within concrete and the potential use of microwave curing; A review. Journal of Building Engineering. 2020; 32 ():101824.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHazha Mohammed; Monower Sadique; Andy Shaw; Ana Bras. 2020. "The influence of incorporating plastic within concrete and the potential use of microwave curing; A review." Journal of Building Engineering 32, no. : 101824.
Conventional two-part alkali activation has many drawbacks: the hazardous activating solution, which makes it less friendly to handle and the absence in long-term availability of its main precursors such as fly ash and ground granulated furnace slag. This research aimed to develop a one-part alkali-activated cement, which is free of chemical solutions. A blend of alumina-silicate rich materials with adequate alkaline content to minimise the limitations associated with the current (AAC) relating to source materials was utilised. At the same time, applying alternative activation methods such as thermo-mechanical activation, alkali-thermal activation or thermo-chemical activation of new (AAC) precursors were investigated. Materials were analysed in terms of their physical, chemical and metallurgical properties to understand the changes after thermal activation. Enhanced compressive strength was recorded from individual thermal activation of the materials at 450 °C and 950 °C.
Monower Sadique; Abdullah Kadhim; William Atherton; Patryk Kot. Development of New Precursors for One-Part Alkali-Activated Geopolymer Using Industrial Wastes. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering 2020, 115 -123.
AMA StyleMonower Sadique, Abdullah Kadhim, William Atherton, Patryk Kot. Development of New Precursors for One-Part Alkali-Activated Geopolymer Using Industrial Wastes. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. 2020; ():115-123.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMonower Sadique; Abdullah Kadhim; William Atherton; Patryk Kot. 2020. "Development of New Precursors for One-Part Alkali-Activated Geopolymer Using Industrial Wastes." Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering , no. : 115-123.
The traditional activation approach for alkali-activated cement AAC has several problems resulting mainly from the hazardous and corrosiveness of the alkaline chemicals, such as (NaOH, Na2SiO3), which in turn impede the utilisation of AAC in the construction fields. In this study, A second generation of alkali activated binder was developed using Metakaolin (MK) and natural pozzolan material (NP) (as a source of alumina-silicate), these materials were activated using high-calcium lime kiln dust as solid activator to transform the alumina-silicate crystalline phases to cementitious hydrated products. This was achieved with the aid of heat treatment of materials at different temperatures. Raw materials and final AAC samples were characterised using analytical methods, such X-Ray powder diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG-DTA), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Additionally, long-term compressive strength, chemical and microstructural performance were investigated. The transformation of raw materials from crystalline to amorphous phases happened due to the effect of the heat treatment and the formation of stratlingite products in the final AAC paste, which were evidenced using the mentioned characterisation methods. The findings of the present study proved that the compressive strength of the new binder reached 27 MPa and 51 MPa after 28 and 180 days of curing, respectively, ensuring a progressive as well as a higher degree of alkali-activation and disappearance of unreacted alkaline substances in the final AAC products.
Abdullah Kadhim; Monower Sadique; Rafal Al-Mufti; Khalid Hashim. Long-term performance of novel high-calcium one-part alkali-activated cement developed from thermally activated lime kiln dust. Journal of Building Engineering 2020, 32, 101766 .
AMA StyleAbdullah Kadhim, Monower Sadique, Rafal Al-Mufti, Khalid Hashim. Long-term performance of novel high-calcium one-part alkali-activated cement developed from thermally activated lime kiln dust. Journal of Building Engineering. 2020; 32 ():101766.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdullah Kadhim; Monower Sadique; Rafal Al-Mufti; Khalid Hashim. 2020. "Long-term performance of novel high-calcium one-part alkali-activated cement developed from thermally activated lime kiln dust." Journal of Building Engineering 32, no. : 101766.
The development in the construction sector and population growth requires an increase in the consumption of construction materials, mainly concrete. Cement is the binder in concrete, so increasing cement production will increase the energy consumed, as well as in the emission of carbon dioxide. This harmful effect of the environment led to the search for alternative materials for cement, as the waste or by-products of other industries is a promising solution in this case. Among these common materials are ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and cement kiln dust (CKD). This dataset describes the compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity of mortar consisted of high content of GGBS and CKD combinations as a partial substitute for cement (up to 80%) at the ages of 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 56, 90 and 550 days. This dataset can help the researchers to understand the behaviour of GGBS and CKD in high replacement levels for cement during early (1 day) and later ages (550 days). According to this understanding, the authors believe that the data available here can be used to produce more environmentally friendly mortar or concrete mixtures by significantly reducing the amount of cement used by replacing it with waste or by-products of other industries.
Hasan Sh Majdi; Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar; Mohammed Nasr; Zainab Al-Khafaji; Hassnen Jafer; Muhammad Abdulredha; Zainab Al Masoodi; Monower Sadique; Khalid Hashim. Experimental data on compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity properties of sustainable mortar made with high content of GGBFS and CKD combinations. Data in Brief 2020, 31, 105961 .
AMA StyleHasan Sh Majdi, Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar, Mohammed Nasr, Zainab Al-Khafaji, Hassnen Jafer, Muhammad Abdulredha, Zainab Al Masoodi, Monower Sadique, Khalid Hashim. Experimental data on compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity properties of sustainable mortar made with high content of GGBFS and CKD combinations. Data in Brief. 2020; 31 ():105961.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHasan Sh Majdi; Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar; Mohammed Nasr; Zainab Al-Khafaji; Hassnen Jafer; Muhammad Abdulredha; Zainab Al Masoodi; Monower Sadique; Khalid Hashim. 2020. "Experimental data on compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity properties of sustainable mortar made with high content of GGBFS and CKD combinations." Data in Brief 31, no. : 105961.
The reduction of both environmental problems and construction costs has motivated the asphalt pavement industry to increasingly use waste materials as alternative raw materials in road pavements construction. This investigation aims to explore the potential of waste calcium carbide residue (CCR) for use as a filler in hot mix asphalt (HMA), by substituting traditional limestone filler in various proportions. Asphalt mixes were prepared using different CCR ratios (0%, 3% and 6%) by aggregate dry weight, their strength, properties and performance evaluated against the indirect tensile stiffness modulus, rutting, crack initiation, crack propagation and moisture damage. The results show that stiffness modulus and resistance to permanent deformation and cracks have been enhanced due to the addition of CCR. HMA modified with CCR was also found to be less sensitive to water damage than traditional HMA with limestone filler. A toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) test revealed that the CCR used in the production of HMA has no environmental impact. Therefore, based on this study, CCR can be considered as a plausible alternative to conventional filler in HMA, the implication being that large amounts of waste carbide lime can be removed from landfill, thereby significantly reducing environmental damage.
Anmar Dulaimi; Hayder Kamil Shanbara; Hassnen Jafer; Monower Sadique. An evaluation of the performance of hot mix asphalt containing calcium carbide residue as a filler. Construction and Building Materials 2020, 261, 119918 .
AMA StyleAnmar Dulaimi, Hayder Kamil Shanbara, Hassnen Jafer, Monower Sadique. An evaluation of the performance of hot mix asphalt containing calcium carbide residue as a filler. Construction and Building Materials. 2020; 261 ():119918.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnmar Dulaimi; Hayder Kamil Shanbara; Hassnen Jafer; Monower Sadique. 2020. "An evaluation of the performance of hot mix asphalt containing calcium carbide residue as a filler." Construction and Building Materials 261, no. : 119918.
This study aims to investigate the effect of cement replacement with high volume fraction of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) and cement kiln dust (CKD) on mechanical, durability and microstructural properties of cement mortar from 1day to 550 days. Compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) were used to evaluate the mortars' performance. Besides, statistical analyses were conducted to predict mortars' mechanical and durability performance as well as investigate the influence of mortars’ properties (mixture and curing time) on their performance. The results indicated that replacing the cement with up to 60% GGBFS and CKD showed a comparable behavior to the cement after 28 days of curing onward. The statistical analysis revealed that the developed models achieved high level of agreement between the predicted and observed results with a coefficient of determination (R2) of more than 0.97. The findings in this study announced on the development of promising binder that can be used in different construction sectors with the benefits of reducing the CO2 emissions.
Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar; Hassnen Jafer; Muhammad Abdulredha; Zainab S. Al-Khafaji; Mohammed Salah Nasr; Zainab Al Masoodi; Monower Sadique. Properties of cement mortar incorporated high volume fraction of GGBFS and CKD from 1 day to 550 days. Journal of Building Engineering 2020, 30, 101327 .
AMA StyleAli Abdulhussein Shubbar, Hassnen Jafer, Muhammad Abdulredha, Zainab S. Al-Khafaji, Mohammed Salah Nasr, Zainab Al Masoodi, Monower Sadique. Properties of cement mortar incorporated high volume fraction of GGBFS and CKD from 1 day to 550 days. Journal of Building Engineering. 2020; 30 ():101327.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAli Abdulhussein Shubbar; Hassnen Jafer; Muhammad Abdulredha; Zainab S. Al-Khafaji; Mohammed Salah Nasr; Zainab Al Masoodi; Monower Sadique. 2020. "Properties of cement mortar incorporated high volume fraction of GGBFS and CKD from 1 day to 550 days." Journal of Building Engineering 30, no. : 101327.
The process of cement manufacturing produces a huge amount of carbon dioxide (CO2). The utilization of alternative waste materials from various industrial processes as a partial substitution to cement is encouraged due to environmental and specific technical requirements. This strategy will have the potential to reduce cost of cement, conserve energy, and reduce waste volumes. Therefore, the aim of this research is to investigate effect of the replacement of cement with modified fly ash (MFA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) to reach 80% total replacement on mechanical and durability performance of cement mortar. Normal consistency, the initial and final setting times, compressive strength and electrical resistivity of all the ternary mixtures were determined and compared with the control binder. Compressive strength and electrical resistivity were tested at various curing ages of 3, 7, 14, and 28 days. Test results revealed that the normal consistency of the ternary mixtures increased with increasing the GGBS and MFA content, while the initial and final setting time decreased compared to that of control mixture. The results also showed that the compressive strength of all the ternary blends mortars were lower at early and later ages in comparison with control mortar. The reductions in the compressive strengths of the ternary mixtures T40, T60 and T80 compared to the control mixture were approximately 16%, 29% and 37%, respectively at 28 days. The surface electrical resistivity of ternary blends mixtures was higher than the control mixture at all curing ages. The use of GGBS and MFA in the production of cement mortar and concrete can significantly help in reducing the CO2 emissions of the cement industry and reduce the overall cost of cement.
Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar; Dhiya Al-Jumeily; Ahmed J. Aljaaf; Mohammed Alyafei; Monower Sadique; Jamila Mustafina. Investigating the Mechanical and Durability Performance of Cement Mortar Incorporated Modified Fly Ash and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag as Cement Replacement Materials. 2019 12th International Conference on Developments in eSystems Engineering (DeSE) 2019, 434 -439.
AMA StyleAli Abdulhussein Shubbar, Dhiya Al-Jumeily, Ahmed J. Aljaaf, Mohammed Alyafei, Monower Sadique, Jamila Mustafina. Investigating the Mechanical and Durability Performance of Cement Mortar Incorporated Modified Fly Ash and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag as Cement Replacement Materials. 2019 12th International Conference on Developments in eSystems Engineering (DeSE). 2019; ():434-439.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAli Abdulhussein Shubbar; Dhiya Al-Jumeily; Ahmed J. Aljaaf; Mohammed Alyafei; Monower Sadique; Jamila Mustafina. 2019. "Investigating the Mechanical and Durability Performance of Cement Mortar Incorporated Modified Fly Ash and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag as Cement Replacement Materials." 2019 12th International Conference on Developments in eSystems Engineering (DeSE) , no. : 434-439.
Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar; Ali Al-Shaer; Rasha Salah AlKizwini; Khalid Hashim; Hayder Al Hawesah; Monower Sadique. Investigating the influence of cement replacement by high volume of GGBS and PFA on the mechanical performance of cement mortar. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2019, 584, 1 .
AMA StyleAli Abdulhussein Shubbar, Ali Al-Shaer, Rasha Salah AlKizwini, Khalid Hashim, Hayder Al Hawesah, Monower Sadique. Investigating the influence of cement replacement by high volume of GGBS and PFA on the mechanical performance of cement mortar. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2019; 584 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAli Abdulhussein Shubbar; Ali Al-Shaer; Rasha Salah AlKizwini; Khalid Hashim; Hayder Al Hawesah; Monower Sadique. 2019. "Investigating the influence of cement replacement by high volume of GGBS and PFA on the mechanical performance of cement mortar." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 584, no. : 1.
The demand on cement in the construction industry has increased significantly due to the growth of industrial sectors. However, as the cement industry contributes to the emissions of 6–8% of CO2 into the atmosphere, it becomes essential to develop alternative materials to reduce the usage of cement. This research aims at developing a new low carbon binder completely from waste materials to be used in construction industry. The performance of four different alkali-activated binary blended mortars made from ground-granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) and high-calcium fly ash (HCFA) was assessed using compressive strength test. The results indicated that the mixture made from (60% GGBS: 40% HCFA) and activated by sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with concentration of 4M and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) solutions together with a Na2SiO3/NaOH ratio of 2 showed a comparable behaviour to the cement with a compressive strength of 39.8 MPa after 28 days of air curing. The findings in this study announced on the development of promising binder that can be used in different construction sectors as an alternative to cement and help in reducing the negative environmental impacts of cement industry.
Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar; Monower Sadique; Hayder Kamil Shanbara; Khalid Hashim. The Development of a New Low Carbon Binder for Construction as an Alternative to Cement. Proceedings of EECE 2020 2019, 205 -213.
AMA StyleAli Abdulhussein Shubbar, Monower Sadique, Hayder Kamil Shanbara, Khalid Hashim. The Development of a New Low Carbon Binder for Construction as an Alternative to Cement. Proceedings of EECE 2020. 2019; ():205-213.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAli Abdulhussein Shubbar; Monower Sadique; Hayder Kamil Shanbara; Khalid Hashim. 2019. "The Development of a New Low Carbon Binder for Construction as an Alternative to Cement." Proceedings of EECE 2020 , no. : 205-213.
The development and production of new materials require advanced analytical characterisation to explain the relation between the physicochemical structure of the material and its properties. Highly integrated microelectronic structure analysis of surfaces with laser beams and x-ray fluorescence-aided devices is found to be helpful for providing important information, including the interrelationships between physical, chemical, mechanical and durability characteristics of the new developed products. In most instances, no single technique provides all the needed information, and hence, simultaneous application of several techniques becomes necessary. This study was aimed for analysis, characterisation and evaluation of a new novel non-Portland cementitious binder in anhydrous and hydrated states using XRD, FT-IR and TG/DTA.
Monower Sadique; Hassan Al-Nageim. Characterising the Performance of a Non-Portland Binder Using Analytical Techniques. Proceedings of EECE 2020 2019, 227 -234.
AMA StyleMonower Sadique, Hassan Al-Nageim. Characterising the Performance of a Non-Portland Binder Using Analytical Techniques. Proceedings of EECE 2020. 2019; ():227-234.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMonower Sadique; Hassan Al-Nageim. 2019. "Characterising the Performance of a Non-Portland Binder Using Analytical Techniques." Proceedings of EECE 2020 , no. : 227-234.
The paper reports the mechanical and physical properties of new hydraulically bound cementitious materials made from environmentally friendly waste fly ash and chemical additives. The new products can be used for cement replacement material and need no burning process as the case with conventional cement manufacturing process. Two fly ashes generated from incineration of domestic and industrial wastes were blended and optimized to generate a new ternary blended cementitious material. The developed blended formulation showed versatility in terms of offering different grade mortar having properties like conventional cement. The early strength was comparable to the control mortar, but after the age of 14 days and in the new products, the crushing strength rate is higher than the crushing strength rate produced using ordinary Portland cement mortar. The influence of water content, alkali activation, synthesis by water dispersing agent has also been analyzed in addition to the new material compressive strength.
Hassan Al-Nageim; Monower Sadique. New Cementitious Materials for Sustainable Construction. Proceedings of EECE 2020 2019, 243 -248.
AMA StyleHassan Al-Nageim, Monower Sadique. New Cementitious Materials for Sustainable Construction. Proceedings of EECE 2020. 2019; ():243-248.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHassan Al-Nageim; Monower Sadique. 2019. "New Cementitious Materials for Sustainable Construction." Proceedings of EECE 2020 , no. : 243-248.
The development and production of new materials requires advanced analytical characterisation to explain the relation between the physico-chemical structure of the material and its properties. Highly integrated microelectronic structure analysis of surfaces with laser beams and X-ray fluorescence aided devices are found to be helpful for providing important information, including the interrelationships between physical, chemical, mechanical and durability characteristics of the new developed products. In most instances no single technique provides all the needed information and hence simultaneous application of several techniques becomes necessary. This study was aimed for hydration analysis, characterization and evaluation of a new novel non-Portland binder (NPB) with waste paper sludge ash (PSA) using FTIR and TG/DTA. The progressive formation of hydration products within the non-Portland binder was identified and their microstructural characteristics were analysed. The stable and non-expansive nature of secondary ettringite formation was also identified after a period of 365 days curing.
Monower Sadique; Hassan Al-Nageim; William Atherton; Linda Seton; Nicola Dempster. Analytical investigation of hydration mechanism of a non-Portland binder with waste paper sludge ash. Construction and Building Materials 2019, 211, 80 -87.
AMA StyleMonower Sadique, Hassan Al-Nageim, William Atherton, Linda Seton, Nicola Dempster. Analytical investigation of hydration mechanism of a non-Portland binder with waste paper sludge ash. Construction and Building Materials. 2019; 211 ():80-87.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMonower Sadique; Hassan Al-Nageim; William Atherton; Linda Seton; Nicola Dempster. 2019. "Analytical investigation of hydration mechanism of a non-Portland binder with waste paper sludge ash." Construction and Building Materials 211, no. : 80-87.
Sustainability in the manufacture of different construction materials raises many important issues. Nowadays, there is increasing demand for such materials to be produced using environmentally friendly, low energy consuming production methods. This paper presents a review of the current research relating to the use of various production techniques for clay-based construction materials. The techniques which will be reviewed are: blending and stabilising, alkali activation (geopolymerisation) and the use of microwave heating as an innovative sintering, curing and drying method. The advantages and disadvantages of each technique will be discussed. Additionally, a comparison between the environmental and economic aspects of the studied production techniques along with some suggestions to improve the sustainability of different production techniques will be discussed.
Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar; Monower Sadique; Patryk Kot; William Atherton. Future of clay-based construction materials – A review. Construction and Building Materials 2019, 210, 172 -187.
AMA StyleAli Abdulhussein Shubbar, Monower Sadique, Patryk Kot, William Atherton. Future of clay-based construction materials – A review. Construction and Building Materials. 2019; 210 ():172-187.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAli Abdulhussein Shubbar; Monower Sadique; Patryk Kot; William Atherton. 2019. "Future of clay-based construction materials – A review." Construction and Building Materials 210, no. : 172-187.
N.H. Al-Saati; T.K. Hussein; M.H. Abbas; Khalid Hashim; Z.N. Al-Saati; Patryk Kot; Monower Sadique; M.H. Aljefery; Iacopo Carnacina. Statistical modelling of turbidity removal applied to non-toxic natural coagulants in water treatment: a case study. Desalination and Water Treatment 2019, 150, 406 -412.
AMA StyleN.H. Al-Saati, T.K. Hussein, M.H. Abbas, Khalid Hashim, Z.N. Al-Saati, Patryk Kot, Monower Sadique, M.H. Aljefery, Iacopo Carnacina. Statistical modelling of turbidity removal applied to non-toxic natural coagulants in water treatment: a case study. Desalination and Water Treatment. 2019; 150 ():406-412.
Chicago/Turabian StyleN.H. Al-Saati; T.K. Hussein; M.H. Abbas; Khalid Hashim; Z.N. Al-Saati; Patryk Kot; Monower Sadique; M.H. Aljefery; Iacopo Carnacina. 2019. "Statistical modelling of turbidity removal applied to non-toxic natural coagulants in water treatment: a case study." Desalination and Water Treatment 150, no. : 406-412.
This research aims to develop a new, environmentally friendly, cementitious material by blending Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) and High Calcium Fly Ash (HCFA). Compressive strength and electrical resistivity tests were used to evaluate the mortars’ performance. A multi-regression (MR) model was also utilised to study the effects of curing time and content of OPC, GGBS and HCFA on the mortars’ strength and to identify the relationship between measured and predicted compressive strengths. The results indicated that the newly developed binder was composed of 35 wt% OPC, 35 wt% GGBS and 30 wt% HCFA that showed a compressive strength and surface electrical resistivity of 30.8 MPa and 103.5 kΩ.cm after 56 days of curing, respectively. Significant changes in the microstructure of the developed binder paste over curing time were evidenced by SEM imaging. The statistical analysis indicated that the influence of the parameters examined on the development of the mortars’ compressive strength could be modelled with a coefficient of determination, R2 of 0.893, and that the relative importance of these parameters followed the order curing time (t) > HCFA% > OPC% > GGBS%. This new binder could contribute significantly to decreasing the cost of construction materials and to reducing CO2 emissions.
Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar; Hassnen Jafer; Anmar Dulaimi; Khalid Hashim; William Atherton; Monower Sadique. The development of a low carbon binder produced from the ternary blending of cement, ground granulated blast furnace slag and high calcium fly ash: An experimental and statistical approach. Construction and Building Materials 2018, 187, 1051 -1060.
AMA StyleAli Abdulhussein Shubbar, Hassnen Jafer, Anmar Dulaimi, Khalid Hashim, William Atherton, Monower Sadique. The development of a low carbon binder produced from the ternary blending of cement, ground granulated blast furnace slag and high calcium fly ash: An experimental and statistical approach. Construction and Building Materials. 2018; 187 ():1051-1060.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAli Abdulhussein Shubbar; Hassnen Jafer; Anmar Dulaimi; Khalid Hashim; William Atherton; Monower Sadique. 2018. "The development of a low carbon binder produced from the ternary blending of cement, ground granulated blast furnace slag and high calcium fly ash: An experimental and statistical approach." Construction and Building Materials 187, no. : 1051-1060.